Egyptian Arabic

SIMON & SCHUSTER’S PIMSLEUR ® egyptian arabic

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EGYPTIAN ARABIC

Voices English-Speaking Instructor ...... Ray Brown Egyptian-Speaking Instructor . . . Ahmed El-Ghandour Female Arabic Speaker ...... Sahar Hassan Male Arabic Speaker...... Alaa Hamed

Course Writers Sahar Hassan  Dr. Mahdi Alosh Dr. Ulrike S. Rettig

Editors Mary E. Green  Beverly D. Heinle

Executive Producer Beverly D. Heinle

Producer & Director Sarah H. McInnis

Recording Engineers Peter S. Turpin  Kelly Saux

Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA

iii TABLe OF CONTeNTS

Reading Lessons Lesson 1

Introduction ...... 15...... 1 The Arabic Alphabet ...... 3 Diacritical Marks . . . . . 16...... 5

Lesson One ...... 17...... 10 Lesson Two ...... 11 Lesson Three ...... 18...... 12 Lesson Four ...... 13 19. Lesson Five ...... 14 Lesson Six ...... 15 20. Lesson Seven ...... 16 Lesson Eight ...... 17 Lesson Nine...... 18 Lesson Ten...... 19 Lesson Eleven...... 20 Lesson Twelve...... 21 Lesson Thirteen...... 22 Lesson Fourteen...... 23 Lesson Fifteen...... 24 Lesson Sixteen...... 25 Lesson Seventeen...... 26 Lesson Eighteen...... 27

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Introduction

Reading can be defined as “the act of decoding graphic material in order to determine its message.” To put it another way, reading consists of coming back to speech through its graphic symbols. In short, meanings reside in the sounds of the spoken language. Speaking a language is the necessary first step to acquiring the ability to read a language with meaning.

Arabic is written in the Arabic alphabet which dates back to pre-Islamic periods. It is used today in any country where Arabic is spoken. It has also been adopted by neighboring countries whose language is not Arabic, such as Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Although Arabic dialects differ, they are all written using the same alphabet.

A complete listing of the Arabic alphabet has been included for your reference, beginning on page 6. It is shown in a 2-page spread, reading right to left. This is to be used only as a guide since all of the necessary information for beginning to read in Arabic will be given in the audio portion of the readings. In the reading lessons for this course, you will practice recognition and pronunciation of Arabic letters and combination of letters, as well as their use in different words and contexts. eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Introduction (continued)

The recorded portion of the reading materials for Egyptian Arabic will be found at the end of the program. You can do the Readings as it is most convenient for you. They can be done individually after every other unit or so, or done entirely after completing the full 30 units. Full instructions on how to proceed are recorded along with with the Readings.

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The Arabic Alphabet Lesson 1

The Arabic writing system is easy to learn and master because the Arabic alphabet has a high correspondence between sound and symbol. This means that a letter is pronounced almost the same in every word position.

The Arabic alphabet contains 28 letters in addition to the hamza (glottal stop) and two variants of existing letters (alif and taa). A number of diacritical marks complement the alphabet. These are signs written above or below the letters; they are listed on page 5. Each letter has four different representations, depending on its position within a word. There is an independent form, as well as a beginning, a middle, and an end form.

Arabic is written cursively, reading from right to left, with the letters connected to one another. However, some letters connect only to preceding letters, or from the right side. These are known as one-way connectors. The other group is called two-way connectors as they connect to other letters from both sides.

The alphabet contains three long vowels: alif (aa), waw (uu), and ya (ii). The latter two function also as semi-vowels, as in “wet” and “yes.” There are three short counterparts of these vowels represented by diacritical marks: the fatHa (a), the damma (u), 3 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

The Arabic Alphabet (continued) Lesson 1 and the kasra (i). They are15. about half as long. A tiny circle written above a consonant is called sukuun and represents the absence16. of a vowel.

The mark that resembles17. a tiny w is called “shadda.” It signifies a doubled consonant. For example, this mark over the letter t in18. the word for “six” makes the word pronounced /sit-tah/ rather than /sitah/ if it were not there. 19. If you are not familiar with the Arabic alphabet, you may at first find that20. it takes some time to associate the appropriate sounds with each letter and/or group of letters. Therefore, we recommend that you take the Reading Lessons at your own pace, repeating each until you feel comfortable proceeding to the next. With a little effort, you will be astonished at how quickly you are reading Arabic.

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Diacritical Marks Lesson 1

Name in Name Sound Letter Transliteration none ُسكون sukuun ْ no vowel follows, above the letter a َف ْتحة fatHa َ short vowel, above the letter u َض ّمة Damma ُ short vowel, above the letter

ِ i َك ْسرة kasra short vowel, below the letter none َش ّد ة shadda indicates a double consonant, above the letterّ

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The Arabic Alphabet

Symbol in Final Medial Initial Transliteration Position Position Position ا ـا ـا aa بـ ـبـ ـب b تـ ـتـ ـت t ثـ ـثـ ـث th جـ ـجـ ـج j حـ ـحـ ـح H خـ ـخـ ـخ kh د ـد ـد d ذ ـذ ـذ dh ر ـر ـر r ز ـز ـز z سـ ـسـ ـس s شـ ـشـ ـش sh صـ ـصـ ـص S ضـ ـضـ ـض D

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The Arabic Alphabet (continued)

Name Name in Letter Transliteration ا alif ِألف ب ’baa باء ت ’taa تاء ث ’thaa ثاء ج geem جيم ح ’Haa حاء خ ’khaa خاء د daal دال ذ dhaal ذال ر ’raa راء ز zay زاي س seen سني ش sheen شني ص Saad صاد ض Daad ضاد

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The Arabic Alphabet (continued)

Symbol in Final Medial Initial Transliteration Position Position Position ط ـط ـط T ظ ـظ ـظ Dh عـ ـعـ ـع a' غـ ـغـ ـغ gh فـ ـفـ ـف f قـ ـقـ ـق q كـ ـكـ ـك k لـ ـلـ ـل l مـ ـمـ ـم m نـ ـنـ ـن n هـ ـهـ ـه h و ـو ـو uu/w يـ ـيـ ـي ee/y - - ـى aa - - ـة t أإ ـئـ ـأ ـؤ ـئ ٫

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The Arabic Alphabet (continued)

Name Name in Letter Transliteration ط ’Taa طاء ظ ’Dhaa ظاء ع ayn' َع ني غ ghayn َغ ني ف ’faa فاء ق qaaf قاف ك kaaf كاف ل laam الم م meem ميم ن nuun نون ه ’haa هاء و waaw واو ي ’yaa ياء ى alif maqSoora ِألف َمقصورة ة taa’ marbuuTa تاء َمربوطة ء hamza َهمزة 9 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson One 1

.1 ا .2 دا .3 داد .4 دادا .5 ذا .6 داذ .7 ذاد .8 داذا .9 ذادا .10 ذاذا

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LessonLesson Two 1

.1 داد .2 ذاد .3 ذادا .4 داذا .5 را .6 دار .7 راد .8 راذ .9 دارا .10 رادا .11 داز .12 زا .13 زار .14 زاد 11 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson Three 1

.1 زادا .2 رادار .3 زود .4 رادو .5 رود .6 َورد .7 َود .8 دوب .9 داب .10 )بـ( باد .11 بار .12 بود .13 بادو .14 دابو 12 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson Four 1

.1 دور .2 ذور .3 زور .4 باب .5 زادو .6 دي .7 )يـ( ديد .8 َيد .9 دابي .10 ديب .11 )ـيـ( بير .12 ياد .13 بادي .14 رودي .15 داري 13 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson Five 1

.1 ذوبي .2 رازي .3 بوري .4 دادي .5 بابا .6 بات .7 )تـ( توب .8 )ـتـ( َبتيد .9 َزيت .10 روث .11 )ثـ( ِثابت .12 َثريد .13 )ـثـ( َبثود .14 َث ْور 14 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson Six

.1 تور .2 روبي .3 تاب .4 ثابو .5 زول .6 بيل .7 )لـ( لَبيب .8 )ال( الري .9 )ـال( ِبالل .10 لودي .11 َدليل .12 )ـلـ( َبليد .13 ِبالد .14 ال 15 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson Seven 1

.1 ليزا .15 َبنات .2 لوري .16 َب ْين .3 ليرا .17 نار .4 لوز .18 َبريد .5 ثول .19 َنوال .6 الذا .20 ذيب .7 ِتالل .8 َوليد .9 بان .10 تان .11 نان .12 )نـ( َنبي .13 )ـنـ( ِب ْنت .14 َنبيل 16 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson Eight

.1 داوي .15 َبراء .2 باري .16 تاء .3 َبيان .17 َبنات .4 َب ْيت .18 َنبات .5 َولَد .19 تين .6 تين .20 تيل .7 َأبي .8 َأديب .9 َأب .10 أدب .11 ْإبني .12 إذا .13 راء .14 َد واء 17 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonLesson Nine 1

.1 أنا .15 )ـقـ( َيقين .2 إن .16 راقي .3 داء .17 رافي .4 َنوال .18 َفريد .5 ُث ْؤل .19 َقرار .6 ُرؤل .20 َقليل .7 )فـ( في .8 َفن .9 )ـفـ( َنفير .10 ريف .11 باف

.12 َب َرق .13 َبريق .14 )قـ( َقريب 18 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson Ten

.1 لَ َبن .15 َندير 16. 2. نور َق ْرض 17. 3. َرن إبريق .4 فيل .18 َبرد .5 َثقيل .19 ِبارد .6 َفريق .20 دافي .7 َالفريق .21 َألْف .8 نيل .9 النيل .10 َأرض .11 َضرير .12 َنضير .13 قضير .14 َقدير 19 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonL essonEleven 1

.1 َثري .15 َب َش ر .2 لَدود .16 ريش .3 َأراضي .17 روسي .4 راس .18 َف َش ر .5 )سـ( َسرير .19 شوف .6 )ـسـ( َيسار .7 سوري

.8 َن َس ب .9 َنسيب .10 َس َف ر .11 َسفير .12 بوش .13 )شـ( َش َفق .14 َشفيق 20 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonL essonTwelve 1

.1 َبشير .15 مير 16. 2. َزف َسمير .3 َزفير .17 ريم .4 َفقير .18 َمساء 19. 5. َض َر ب ميل .6 سيب .20 َمدام .7 باص .8 )صـ( صابون .9 )صـ( َبصير .10 ِناصر .11 َنصير .12 َقصير .13 شام .14 مين 21 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson TLhirteenesson 1

.1 َرشيد .15 هادي .2 َشديد .16 ِهالل .3 َرئيس .17 َسهيم .4 أمين .18 ِكتاب .5 سوق .19 َش َك ب .6 دينار .7 ناس .8 َمالك .9 َكريم .10 َمـكان .11 ُك ُتب

.12 َرفاه .13 َبهاء .14 َهناء 22 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson FLourteenesson 1

.1 َسالم .15 َب ْخ ر .2 َرشيق .16 َبخيل .3 صافي .17 َخروف .4 َصديق .18 َخ ِش ن .5 توم .19 َخشين 20. 6. َب َص ل َسماء .7 ُفؤاد .21 َصباح .8 ُسؤال .22 َصالح .9 ليرة .23 ِصالح .10 صورة .24 َص ح 25. 11. َسفيرة َس َح ر .12 َفقيرة .26 َحرير .13 َب َذخ .27 َب َقر .14 ِبايخ 23 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonL essonFifteen 1

.1 َصحيح .15 ْاج ِتماع .2 َرحيم .16 َربيع .3 َب ْخ س .17 َبعيد .4 َص ْخ ر .18 َع َس ل .5 ِهشام .19 َجميل .6 َكريمة .20 َح َج ر .7 َبصيرة .21 َخبير .8 راج .22 ِعادل .9 َنسيج .23 ِصانع .10 َس َج َد .24 ِصناعة .11 َجريدة .12 راح .13 َحديث .14 َحديثة 24 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

LessonL Sessonixteen 1

.1 ِهاتف .15 َسلْوى .2 َعلي .16 ُم ْس َت ْشفى .3 ِماهر .17 َد ْعوى .4 َك َش َف .18 غالي .5 َخبيرة .19 َخ َب ر .6 َبخيل .20 َبليد .7 َجميل .8 َم ْص ر .9 َفراغ .10 َبليغ .11 َب ْغداد .12 َغريب .13 َبالغ .14 ْأمريكا 25 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson SeventeenLesson 1

.1 َب ْنك .15 َظريف .2 شاي .16 ِظالم .3 َد َفع .17 غار .4 َم ِدافع .18 ِحافظ .5 ِجامع .19 ُخ ْب ز .6 َبالط .20 َب َط ل 7. َر َبط .8 لَطيفة .9 َطبيخ .10 َم َط ر .11 َغلَط .12 فاظ .13 َغليظ .14 َفظيع 26 eGYPTIAN ARABIC

Lesson EighteenLesson 1

.1 ِواحد .15 َخ َم ْس َتاشر .2 إتنين .16 ِس ّت َاشر 17. 3. َتالتة َس َب ْع َتاشر 18. 4. َأربعة َت ْمن َتاشر 19. 5. َخمسة ِت َس ْع َتاشر .6 ِس ّت ة .20 ِعشرين 21. 7. َس ْبعة ِواحد ِوع ْشرين .8 َتمانية .22 إتنين ِوع ْشرين 23. 9. ِت ْسعة َتالتة ِوعشرين .10 َع َشرة .24 َأربعة ِوعشرين .11 ِح َداشر .12 َإتناشر .13 َتـلَ ّـت َاشر 14. َأرب ْع َتاشر 27 For more information, call 1-800-831-5497 or visit us at www.Pimsleur.com