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Egyptian Arabic SIMON & SCHUSTER’S PIMSLEUR ® EGYPTIAN ARABIC READING BOOKLET Travelers should always check with their nation's State Department for current advisories on local conditions before traveling abroad. Graphic Design: Maia Kennedy © and ‰ Recorded Program 2001 Simon & Schuster, Inc. © Reading Booklet 2001 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA. All rights reserved. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS EGYPTIAN ARABIC VOICES English-Speaking Instructor. Ray Brown Egyptian-Speaking Instructor . Ahmed El-Ghandour Female Arabic Speaker . Sahar Hassan Male Arabic Speaker ................ Alaa Hamed COURSE WRITERS Sahar Hassan Dr. Mahdi Alosh Dr. Ulrike S. Rettig EDITORS Mary E. Green Beverly D. Heinle EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Beverly D. Heinle PRODUCER & DIRECTOR Sarah H. McInnis RECORDING ENGINEERS Peter S. Turpin Kelly Saux Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Reading Lessons Lesson 1 Introduction . 15.. 1 The Arabic Alphabet . 3 Diacritical Marks . 16.. 5 Lesson One. 17.. 10 Lesson Two . 11 Lesson Three . 18.. 12 Lesson Four . 13 19. Lesson Five . 14 Lesson Six . 15 20. Lesson Seven . 16 Lesson Eight. 17 Lesson Nine .............................. 18 Lesson Ten ............................... 19 Lesson Eleven ............................. 20 Lesson Twelve ............................ 21 Lesson Thirteen ........................... 22 Lesson Fourteen ........................... 23 Lesson Fifteen ............................ 24 Lesson Sixteen ............................ 25 Lesson Seventeen .......................... 26 Lesson Eighteen ........................... 27 iv EGYPTIAN ARABIC Introduction Reading can be defined as “the act of decoding graphic material in order to determine its message.” To put it another way, reading consists of coming back to speech through its graphic symbols. In short, meanings reside in the sounds of the spoken language. Speaking a language is the necessary first step to acquiring the ability to read a language with meaning. Arabic is written in the Arabic alphabet which dates back to pre-Islamic periods. It is used today in any country where Arabic is spoken. It has also been adopted by neighboring countries whose language is not Arabic, such as Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Although Arabic dialects differ, they are all written using the same alphabet. A complete listing of the Arabic alphabet has been included for your reference, beginning on page 6. It is shown in a 2-page spread, reading right to left. This is to be used only as a guide since all of the necessary information for beginning to read in Arabic will be given in the audio portion of the readings. In the reading lessons for this course, you will practice recognition and pronunciation of Arabic letters and combination of letters, as well as their use in different words and contexts. EGYPTIAN ARABIC Introduction (continued) The recorded portion of the reading materials for Egyptian Arabic will be found at the end of the program. You can do the Readings as it is most convenient for you. They can be done individually after every other unit or so, or done entirely after completing the full 30 units. Full instructions on how to proceed are recorded along with with the Readings. 2 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet Lesson 1 The Arabic writing system is easy to learn and master because the Arabic alphabet has a high correspondence between sound and symbol. This means that a letter is pronounced almost the same in every word position. The Arabic alphabet contains 28 letters in addition to the hamza (glottal stop) and two variants of existing letters (alif and taa). A number of diacritical marks complement the alphabet. These are signs written above or below the letters; they are listed on page 5. Each letter has four different representations, depending on its position within a word. There is an independent form, as well as a beginning, a middle, and an end form. Arabic is written cursively, reading from right to left, with the letters connected to one another. However, some letters connect only to preceding letters, or from the right side. These are known as one-way connectors. The other group is called two-way connectors as they connect to other letters from both sides. The alphabet contains three long vowels: alif (aa), waw (uu), and ya (ii). The latter two function also as semi-vowels, as in “wet” and “yes.” There are three short counterparts of these vowels represented by diacritical marks: the fatHa (a), the damma (u), 3 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet (continued) Lesson 1 and the kasra (i). They are15. about half as long. A tiny circle written above a consonant is called sukuun and represents the absence16. of a vowel. The mark that resembles17. a tiny w is called “shadda.” It signifies a doubled consonant. For example, this mark over the letter t in18. the word for “six” makes the word pronounced /sit-tah/ rather than /sitah/ if it were not there. 19. If you are not familiar with the Arabic alphabet, you may at first find that20. it takes some time to associate the appropriate sounds with each letter and/or group of letters. Therefore, we recommend that you take the Reading Lessons at your own pace, repeating each until you feel comfortable proceeding to the next. With a little effort, you will be astonished at how quickly you are reading Arabic. 4 EGYPTIAN ARABIC Diacritical Marks Lesson 1 Name in Name Sound Letter Transliteration none ُسكون sukuun ْ no vowel follows, above the letter a َف ْتحة fatHa َ short vowel, above the letter u َض ّمة Damma ُ short vowel, above the letter ِ i َك ْسرة kasra short vowel, below the letter none َش ّد ة shadda indicates a double consonant, above the letterّ 5 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet Symbol in Final Medial Initial Transliteration Position Position Position ا ـا ـا aa بـ ـبـ ـب b تـ ـتـ ـت t ثـ ـثـ ـث th جـ ـجـ ـج j حـ ـحـ ـح H خـ ـخـ ـخ kh د ـد ـد d ذ ـذ ـذ dh ر ـر ـر r ز ـز ـز z سـ ـسـ ـس s شـ ـشـ ـش sh صـ ـصـ ـص S ضـ ـضـ ـض D 6 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet (continued) Name Name in Letter Transliteration ا alif ِألف ب ’baa باء ت ’taa تاء ث ’thaa ثاء ج geem جيم ح ’Haa حاء خ ’khaa خاء د daal دال ذ dhaal ذال ر ’raa راء ز zay زاي س seen سني ش sheen شني ص Saad صاد ض Daad ضاد 7 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet (continued) Symbol in Final Medial Initial Transliteration Position Position Position ط ـط ـط T ظ ـظ ـظ Dh عـ ـعـ ـع a' غـ ـغـ ـغ gh فـ ـفـ ـف f قـ ـقـ ـق q كـ ـكـ ـك k لـ ـلـ ـل l مـ ـمـ ـم m نـ ـنـ ـن n هـ ـهـ ـه h و ـو ـو uu/w يـ ـيـ ـي ee/y - - ـى aa - - ـة t أإ ـئـ ـأ ـؤ ـئ ٫ 8 EGYPTIAN ARABIC The Arabic Alphabet (continued) Name Name in Letter Transliteration ط ’Taa طاء ظ ’Dhaa ظاء ع ayn' َع ني غ ghayn َغ ني ف ’faa فاء ق qaaf قاف ك kaaf كاف ل laam ﻻم م meem ميم ن nuun نون ه ’haa هاء و waaw واو ي ’yaa ياء ى alif maqSoora ِألف َمقصور ة ة taa’ marbuuTa تاء َمربوطة ء hamza َهمزة 9 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson One 1 .1 ا .2 دا .3 داد .4 دادا .5 ذا .6 داذ .7 ذاد .8 داذا .9 ذادا .10 ذاذا 10 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Two 1 .1 داد .2 ذاد .3 ذادا .4 داذا .5 را .6 دار .7 راد .8 راذ .9 دارا .10 رادا .11 داز .12 زا .13 زار .14 زاد 11 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Three 1 .1 زادا .2 رادار .3 زود .4 رادو .5 رود .6 َورد .7 َود .8 دوب .9 داب .10 )بـ( باد .11 بار .12 بود .13 بادو .14 دابو 12 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Four 1 .1 دور .2 ذور .3 زور .4 باب .5 زادو .6 دي .7 )يـ( ديد .8 َيد .9 دابي .10 ديب .11 )ـيـ( بير .12 ياد .13 بادي .14 رودي .15 داري 13 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Five 1 .1 ذوبي .2 رازي .3 بوري .4 دادي .5 بابا .6 بات .7 )تـ( توب .8 )ـتـ( َبتيد .9 َزيت .10 روث .11 )ثـ( ِثابت .12 َثريد .13 )ـثـ( َبثود .14 َث ْور 14 EGYPTIAN ARABIC Lesson Six .1 تور .2 روبي .3 تاب .4 ثابو .5 زول .6 بيل .7 )لـ( لَبيب .8 )ﻻ( ﻻري .9 )ـﻻ( ِبﻻل .10 لودي .11 َدليل .12 )ـلـ( َبليد .13 ِبﻻد .14 ﻻ 15 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Seven 1 .1 ليزا .15 َبنات .2 لوري .16 َب ْين .3 ليرا .17 نار .4 لوز .18 َبريد .5 ثول .19 َنوال .6 ﻻذا .20 ذيب .7 ِتﻻل .8 َوليد .9 بان .10 تان .11 نان .12 )نـ( َنبي .13 )ـنـ( ِب ْنت .14 َنبيل 16 EGYPTIAN ARABIC Lesson Eight .1 داوي .15 َبراء .2 باري .16 تاء .3 َبيان .17 َبنات .4 َب ْيت .18 َنبات .5 َولَد .19 تين .6 تين .20 تيل .7 َأبي .8 َأديب .9 َأب .10 أدب .11 ْإبني .12 إذا .13 راء .14 َد واء 17 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonLesson Nine 1 .1 أنا .15 )ـقـ( َيقين .2 إن .16 راقي .3 داء .17 رافي .4 َنوال .18 َفريد .5 ُث ْؤل .19 َقرار .6 ُرؤل .20 َقليل .7 )فـ( في .8 َفن .9 )ـفـ( َنفير .10 ريف .11 باف .12 َب َرق .13 َبريق .14 )قـ( َقريب 18 EGYPTIAN ARABIC Lesson Ten .1 لَ َبن .15 َندير 16. 2. نور َق ْرض 17. 3. َرن إبريق .4 فيل .18 َبرد .5 َثقيل .19 ِبارد .6 َفريق .20 دافي .7 َالفريق .21 َألْف .8 نيل .9 النيل .10 َأرض .11 َضرير .12 َنضير .13 قضير .14 َقدير 19 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonL essonEleven 1 .1 َثري .15 َب َش ر .2 لَدود .16 ريش .3 َأراضي .17 روسي .4 راس .18 َف َش ر .5 )سـ( َسرير .19 شوف .6 )ـسـ( َيسار .7 سوري .8 َن َس ب .9 َنسيب .10 َس َف ر .11 َسفير .12 بوش .13 )شـ( َش َفق .14 َشفيق 20 EGYPTIAN ARABIC LessonL essonTwelve 1 .1 َبشير .15 مير 16.
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