Cahiers D'études Africaines
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The Mineral Potential and Mining Activities of Eritrea, and Fe-Oxide and Sericite Alteration Mapping Using the Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
The Mineral Potential and Mining activities of Eritrea, and Fe-oxide and Sericite alteration mapping using the remote sensing and GIS techniques An Internship Program at the Japan Space Systems (JSS) By Girmay Iyassu Mekonnen Supervisors Dr. Hirose Kazuyo Dr. Takeda Tomomi Dr. Shinsaku Nakamura Acknowledgement First and foremost I would like to forward my heartfelt thanks to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and Japan International Cooperation Center (JICE) for the great opportunity they had provided me as well as for all of their dedication and support. By continuing I would to express my sincere appreciations to the Japan Space Systems mainly to Hirose sensei, Takeda Sensei and Nakamura sensei for all the kinds of help and the unlimited effort and encouragement they had given me during the two of the internship programs, the summer and long-term internships in transferring their utmost knowledge in understanding the basics of remote sensing application and the QGIS techniques, by providing the adequate tutorials and reference materials, and arranging different meetings with companies and participants. In advance I would like to appreciate Dr. Hosoi of JICA Senior Advisor, as well as to the General Manager Dr. Ishikawa and to Assistant General Manager Dr. Shimzu of the African desk remote sensing center for their support and constructive comments. In addition I would like to extend my sincere appreciations for all of their support to Mr. Tseneo Tsurusaki and Mr. Ghebremicheal Estifanos of the JICA, Eritrea branch office, to Mr. Alem Kibreab the Director General of Department of Mines, Ministry of Energy and Mines of the state of Eritrea, to His Excellency ambassador Estifanos Afeworki, ambassador of the state of Eritrea to Japan and to Miho Yoshida san Embassy of Eritrea Tokyo. -
Re Joinder Submitted by the Republic of Uganda
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA REJOINDER SUBMITTED BY THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA VOLUME 1 6 DECEMBER 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 : THE PERSISTENT ANOMALIES IN THE REPLY CONCERNING MATTERS OF PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE ............................................... 10 A. The Continuing Confusion Relating To Liability (Merits) And Quantum (Compensation) ...................... 10 B. Uganda Reaffirms Her Position That The Court Lacks Coinpetence To Deal With The Events In Kisangani In June 2000 ................................................ 1 1 C. The Courl:'~Finding On The Third Counter-Claim ..... 13 D. The Alleged Admissions By Uganda ........................... 15 E. The Appropriate Standard Of Proof ............................. 15 CHAPTER II: REAFFIRMATION OF UGANDA'S NECESSITY TO ACT IN SELF- DEFENCE ................................................. 2 1 A. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By The ADF ........................ 27 B. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By Sudan ............................. 35 C. The DRC's Admissions Regarding Her Consent To The Presetnce Of Ugandan Troops In Congolese Territory To Address The Threats To Uganda's Security.. ......................................................................4 1 D. The DRC's Failure To Establish That Uganda Intervened -
“Investigating the Causes of Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa” Case Study: the Central African Republic and South Sudan
al Science tic & li P o u P b f l i o c l A a f Journal of Political Sciences & Public n f r a u i r o s J ISSN: 2332-0761 Affairs Review Article “Investigating the Causes of Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa” Case Study: The Central African Republic and South Sudan Agberndifor Evaristus Department Political Science and International Relations, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey ABSTRACT Civil wars are not new and they predate the modern nation states. From the time when nations gathered in well- defined or near defined geographical locations, there has always been internal wrangling between the citizens and the state for reasons that might not be very different from place to place. However, the tensions have always mounted up such that people took to the streets first to protest and sometimes, the immaturity of the government to listen to the demands of the people radicalized them for bloodshed. This paper shall empirically examine the cause of civil wars in Sub-Saharan Africa having at the back of its thoughts that civil wars are most times associated to political, economic and ethnic incentives. This paper shall try in empirical terms using data from already established research to prove these points. Firstly, it shall explain its independent variables which apparently are some underlying causes of civil wars. Secondly, it shall consider the dense literature review of civil wars and shall look at some definitions, theories of civil wars and data presented on a series of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Lastly, it shall isolate two countries that will make up its comparative analysis and the explanations of its dependent variable by which it shall seek to understand what caused the outbreaks of civil wars in those two countries. -
A Comparative Analysis of Reunification Discourses in Selected Cameroonian History Textbooks
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REUNIFICATION DISCOURSES IN SELECTED CAMEROONIAN HISTORY TEXTBOOKS BY NKWENTI RAYMOND FRU Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL School of Education History Education SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR JOHAN WASSERMANN 2017 DECLARATION I, Nkwenti Fru declare that: a. The research reported in this thesis, except where otherwise indicated, is my original work. b. This thesis has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. c. This thesis does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons. d. This thesis does not contain other persons’ writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, then: i. their words have been re-written but the general information attributed to them has been referenced; ii. Where their exact words have been used, their writing has been placed inside quotation marks and referenced. e. Where I have reproduced a publication of which I am author, co-author or editor, I have indicated in detail which part of the publication was actually written by myself alone and have fully referenced such publications. f. This thesis does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the source being detailed in the thesis and in the Reference section. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _________________________________ As the student’s supervisor, I, Johan Wassermann, hereby approve the submission of the thesis for examination. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _________________________________ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Above all, I praise God, the Almighty for providing me this opportunity and granting me the capability, energy and health to proceed successfully. -
NSOH Christopher NDIKUM (Phd) Associate Professor of Political Science Head of Department of International Relations and Conflict Resolution-University of Buea
NSOH Christopher NDIKUM (PhD) Associate Professor of Political Science Head of Department of International Relations And Conflict Resolution-University of Buea Benin Conference 2018 Topic: Discuss the Political Situation of Cameroon Introduction: Cameroon is a country divided into ten regions. She is today faced with many challenges in her different regions. These regions are the Northern where the Boko Haram terrorist phenomenon is found since 2014, in the Eastern, where a large number of refugees from the Republic of Central Africa are based since 2013 and in the North West/South West regions where there is the conflict known today as the Anglophone problem which started since the reunification of the two peoples-The Southern Cameroons and the Republic of Cameroon. Respectable ladies and gentlemen, permit me draw your attention to the fact that with the collapse of the cold war, the international community thought it was time to address the issues of human rights and democracy that were plaguing the world. Little did the international community foresee the coming of 1. The war against terror, 2. Climate change and 3. The eruption of intra-conflicts. Cameroon is a victim of these three challenges. I will peruse the Cameroon political situation today in addressing some of these challenges and the issue of refugees. It does not mean that the one that will not be treated is of little value. In this 1 exposé, I will present, 1. Refugee crisis in the Eastern region, 2. Boko Haram Phenomenon and 3. The Anglophone problem. 4. The recent Presidential elections that just took place on the 7th of October 2018. -
The Perception and Ramifications of Boko Haram's Activities on Cameroon
Issue 5, October 2013 Cameroon. Too Much to Carry: The Perception and Ramifications of Boko Haram’s Activities on Cameroon Walter Gam NKWI Abstract. This paper examines the activities and consequences of Boko Haram in Nigeria and how it is perceived and conceived in Cameroon within the government circles and the local population. It further focuses on the historical roots of the Boko Haram. Using internet sources, secondary data and personal observations, the paper contends that this conflict, like most conflicts in human history, has a spill-over effect which has affected Cameroon in a significant way. Both the government and local population have to a large extent been affected by the activities of Boko Haram. Key words: Boko Haram, Cameroon, Nigeria, Yaounde Summit, ECOWAS, West Africa, Gulf of Guinea, Piracy. Introduction: Objectives; Understanding Boko Haram Two unrelated events have inspired me to write to this paper. First, from Monday 24 to Tuesday 25 June 2013, twenty-five West African and Central African heads of State met in Yaoundé, Cameroon for the summit on Maritime Security in the Gulf of Guinea. This was meant to coordinate their efforts in addressing illegal activities in the region that have recently surpassed Somali piracy. Walter Gam NKWI, PhD The challenge facing the Yaoundé Summit, University of Buea, one of the most important ever held in Cameroon Africa, was to provide a coordinated re- gional and international response to the Conflict Studies Quarterly scourges of piracy, drug trafficking, armed Issue 5, October 2013, pp. 67-87 robbery and other illegal maritime activi- ties in the Gulf of Guinea. -
The Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon: a Geopolitical Analysis
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by European Scientific Journal (European Scientific Institute) European Scientific Journal December 2019 edition Vol.15, No.35 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 The Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon: A Geopolitical Analysis Ekah Robert Ekah, Department of 'Cultural Diversity, Peace and International Cooperation' at the International Relations Institute of Cameroon (IRIC) Doi:10.19044/esj.2019.v15n35p141 URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2019.v15n35p141 Abstract Anglophone Cameroon is the present-day North West and South West (English Speaking) regions of Cameroon herein referred to as No-So. These regions of Cameroon have been restive since 2016 in what is popularly referred to as the Anglophone crisis. The crisis has been transformed to a separatist movement, with some Anglophones clamoring for an independent No-So, re-baptized as “Ambazonia”. The purpose of the study is to illuminate the geopolitical perspective of the conflict which has been evaded by many scholars. Most scholarly write-ups have rather focused on the causes, course, consequences and international interventions in the crisis, with little attention to the geopolitical undertones. In terms of methodology, the paper makes use of qualitative data analysis. Unlike previous research works that link the unfolding of the crisis to Anglophone marginalization, historical and cultural difference, the findings from this paper reveals that the strategic location of No-So, the presence of resources, demographic considerations and other geopolitical parameters are proving to be responsible for the heightening of the Anglophone crisis in Cameroon and in favour of the quest for an independent Ambazonia. -
Dealing with Conflict in Africa: the United Nations and Regional Organizations
Dealing with Conflict in Africa The United Nations and Regional Organizations Edited by Jane Boulden Boulden-FM.qxd 9/22/03 7:34 AM Page i Dealing with Conflict in Africa This page intentionally left blank Boulden-FM.qxd 9/22/03 7:34 AM Page iii Dealing with Conflict in Africa: The United Nations and Regional Organizations Edited by Jane Boulden Boulden-FM.qxd 9/22/03 7:34 AM Page iv DEALING WITH CONFLICT IN AFRICA © Jane Boulden, 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS. Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1–4039–6080–1 hardback Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dealing with conflict in Africa: the United Nations and regional organizations/edited by Jane Boulden. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–4039–6080–1 (cl: alk. paper) 1. United Nations—Peacekeeping forces—Africa. 2. Regionalism (International organization) 3. Security, International. I. Boulden, Jane, 1962– JZ6377.A35D43 2003 341.5Ј84––dc21 2003051795 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. -
Et the Library Know, Stating Your Reasons
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Win-wins in forest product value chains? How governance impacts the sustainability of livelihoods based on non-timber forest products from Cameroon Ingram, V.J. Publication date 2014 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Ingram, V. J. (2014). Win-wins in forest product value chains? How governance impacts the sustainability of livelihoods based on non-timber forest products from Cameroon. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:25 Sep 2021 12 References ABBOT, J. I. O., D. H. L. THOMAS, A. A. GARDNER, S. E. NEBA & M. W. KHEN (2001), Understanding the links between conservation and development in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon. World Development 29(7): 1115-1136. -
Cahiers D'études Africaines
Cahiers d’études africaines 175 | 2004 Varia From Warriors to Urban Dwellers Ascari and the Military Factor in the Urban Development of Colonial Eritrea Des guerriers devenus résidents urbains. Les ascaris et le facteur militaire dans le développement urbain de l’Érythrée Uoldelul Chelati Dirar Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/4717 DOI: 10.4000/etudesafricaines.4717 ISSN: 1777-5353 Publisher Éditions de l’EHESS Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 2004 Number of pages: 533-574 ISBN: 978-2-7132-2004-3 ISSN: 0008-0055 Electronic reference Uoldelul Chelati Dirar, « From Warriors to Urban Dwellers », Cahiers d’études africaines [Online], 175 | 2004, Online since 22 November 2013, connection on 01 May 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/4717 ; DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.4717 This text was automatically generated on 1 May 2019. © Cahiers d’Études africaines From Warriors to Urban Dwellers 1 From Warriors to Urban Dwellers Ascari and the Military Factor in the Urban Development of Colonial Eritrea* Des guerriers devenus résidents urbains. Les ascaris et le facteur militaire dans le développement urbain de l’Érythrée Uoldelul Chelati Dirar 1 The aim of this article is to discuss the role played by the military component in the process of urbanisation which Eritrea experienced, between 1890 and 1941, under Italian colonialism. Two main points will be discussed. The first one is the role played by military priorities in determining lines of development in the early colonial urban planning in Eritrea. In this section I will analyse how the criteria of military defensibility, rather than economic or functional priorities, had a significant influence on the main patterns of early colonial settlements in Eritrea. -
Cameroon's Anglophone Crisis at the Crossroads
Cameroon’s Anglophone Crisis at the Crossroads Africa Report N°250 | 2 August 2017 Translation from French Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 149 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 The Roots of the Anglophone Problem: Colonial Legacy and Failure of the Centralised Model ...................................................................................... 2 The Colonial Legacy ................................................................................................... 2 Independences and Reunification: Different Dreams in the Same Bed ................... 2 The Centralist Model and the Emergence of Anglophone Grievances ...................... 4 From Sectoral Mobilisations to the Resurgence of the Anglophone Problem ................. 9 From the Strike to the Crisis ...................................................................................... 9 The Government and Anglophone Actors: Strategies and Motivations .................... 11 The International Community’s Response ................................................................ 16 A Political, Economic and Social Crisis ........................................................................... -
Response to Eritrea: Initial REPORT
A Submission on the Initial Report of the Government of Eritrea (1999 -2016) To the African Commission for Human and Peoples Rights (ACHPR) 62nd Ordinary Session 25 April – 9 May 2018 By: Human Rights Concern – Eritrea (HRCE) [email protected] http://hrc-eritrea.org Table of Content Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Map of Eritrea ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Glossary............................................................................................................................................... 7 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 8 B. Background............................................................................................................................... 10 C. Rule of Law - Legal and Institutional Drive for Development - Establishing Political base 11 Transition of Provisional Government of Eritrea (PGE) .......................................................................... 11 EPLF/PFDJ 3rd Congress 1994; G15 Dissidents (2001) ............................................................................. 13 PGE, Constitution, National Assembly Elections....................................................................................... 16 1997 Ratified Constitution