Outdoor Skills and Wilderness Survival #190615
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Fire Bow Drill
Making Fire With The Bow Drill When you are first learning bow-drill fire-making, you must make conditions and your bow drill set such that the chance of getting a coal is the greatest. If you do not know the feeling of a coal beginning to be born then you will never be able to master the more difficult scenarios. For this it is best to choose the “easiest woods” and practice using the set in a sheltered location such as a garage or basement, etc. Even if you have never gotten a coal before, it is best to get the wood from the forest yourself. Getting it from a lumber yard is easy but you learn very little. Also, getting wood from natural sources ensures you do not accidentally get pressure-treated wood which, when caused to smoulder, is highly toxic. Here are some good woods for learning with (and good for actual survival use too): ► Eastern White Cedar ► Staghorn Sumac ► Most Willows ► Balsam Fir ► Aspens and Poplars ► Basswood ► Spruces There are many more. These are centered more on the northeastern forest communities of North America. A good tree identification book will help you determine potential fire-making woods. Also, make it a common practice to feel and carve different woods when you are in the bush. A good way to get good wood for learning on is to find a recently fallen branch or trunk that is relatively straight and of about wrist thickness or bigger. Cut it with a saw. It is best if the wood has recently fallen off the tree. -
Notice of a Collection 01 Perforated Stone Objects, from the Garioch, Aberdeenshire
6 16 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE TH F O S , FEBRUARY 9, 1903. III. NOTICE OF A COLLECTION 01 PERFORATED STONE OBJECTS, FROM THE GARIOCH, ABERDEENSHIRE. BY J. GRAHAM CALLANDER, F.S.A. SOOT. Many perforated article f stono s f greateo e r leso r s antiquity have been found, the use of which we have no difficulty in defining. Among such article e stonar s e axes, stone hammers, whorls, beads d sinkan , - stones for nets or lines; but this collection of perforated stones from Central Aberdeenshire seems to be quite different from any of the recog- nised types. Localities.—The collection, which consist f sixty-fivo s e specimenss ha , been gathered during the last five years in the Garioch district of Aber- deenshire from eight different localitie n fivi s e parishes :—Elevee ar n from Newbigging, parish of Culsalmond ; one is from the Kirkyard of Culsalmond; five are from the adjoining farms of Jericho and Colpy, Culsalmond e froar m o Johnstonetw ; , paris f Leslio hs froi e me ;on Cushieston, parish of Rayne; one is from Lochend, Barra, parish of Bourtie; thre froe ear m Harlaw, paris f Chapeho f Garioco l fortyd an h; - one are from Logie-Elphinstone estate, also in Chapel of Garioch. e specimenth l Al s have bee e ploughnth turney b , p nonu d e having been found associated with burials or dwelling sites; at the same time many flint implements have been foun e localitiemosn th di f o t s named, especiall firste th , n yi third last-mentioned an , d ones, these I believe, , having been more thoroughly searched. -
History Lesson -- a Look at How Construction Tools Have Evolved
TOOLSCool R A Look at How Construction Tools Have Evolved By Steven Ferry As you purchase, use, repair or swear at the tools used on the job, you probably don’t give a second thought to how far we have come in our ability to swiftly and safe- ly erect and finish ever larger, taller and more durable homes, offices, factories and other buildings in the United States. In 400 years, we have moved from the crude grass and hide structures of the first settlers to timber, brick, con- crete, steel, glass and now plastic material-in the process freeing the builder from the need to also man- ufacture or find the building materials. We can create whatever climate we want indoors while remaining impervious to the one outside. Design tools have moved from ideas in the builder’s head, and the occasional sketch, to computers. Code officials, architects and consultants in everything from construction management to quality control have made building into a series and sequence of high- ly specialized activities that together bring about the fabulously efficient constructions of today—efficient in terms of outlay of effort in the construction and running of the buildings. Pivotal to all the successes in construction are the tools we use to accomplish the work on the job site. If Henry David Thoreau Published by AWCI 97 had thought back to the time he spent then finished with an “adz,” an ax building his cabin in the woods, he shaped like a hoe. The adz-man either might not have insisted that men had stood or sat on the timber and cut become the tools of their tools. -
Field-Expedient Weapons, Tools, and Equipment
FIELD-EXPEDIENT WEAPONS, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENT As a soldier you know the importance of proper care and use of your weapons, tools, and equipment. This is espe- cially true of your knife. You must always keep it sharp and ready to use. A knife is your most valuable tool in a sur- vival situation. Imagine being in a survival situation with- out any weapons, tools, or equipment except your knife. It could happen! You might even be without a knife. You would probably feel helpless, but with the proper knowledge and skills, you can easily improvise needed items. In survival situations, you may have to fashion any num- ber and type of field-expedient tools and equipment to sur- vive. Examples of tools and equipment that could make your life much easier are ropes, rucksacks, clothes, nets, and so on. 12-1 Weapons serve a dual purpose. You use them to obtain and prepare food and to provide self-defense. A weapon can also give you a feeling of security and provide you with the ability to hunt on the move. CLUBS You hold clubs, you do not throw them. As a field-expedient weapon, the club does not protect you from enemy soldiers. It can, however, extend your area of defense beyond your fingertips. It also serves to increase the force of a blow without injuring yourself. There are three basic types of clubs. They are the simple, weighted, and sling club. Simple Club A simple club is a staff or branch. It must be short enough for you to swing easily, but long enough and strong enough for you to damage whatever you hit. -
Original Draft CWPP
DRAFT CITY OF SANTA BARBARA May 2020 Printed on 30% post-consumer recycled material. Table of Contents SECTIONS Acronyms and Abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................................................v Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................... vii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose and Need ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Development Team ......................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Community Involvement ................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3.1 Stakeholders ................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Public Outreach and Engagement Plan ........................................................................................................ 4 1.3.3 Public Outreach Meetings ............................................................................................................................. -
Learning the Hand-Drill Method of Fire-By-Friction
Learning the Hand-Drill Method for Fire-by-Friction by Kato Haws Friction fires are not very practical, but they can be fun. The hand-drill method is less technical than the bow-drill method. You can learn to do it. The following are some ideas of how to proceed: Cut a 3/8” dry horseweed stalk about 24” long for your spindle, and check to see if it is straight. (Horseweed is very wide spread. See Wikipedia for pictures of horseweed). If necessary straighten the spindle using a heat source. Heat it, bend it, remove it from the heat source, and hold it straight as it cools. It is important to have a straight spindle. It is possible to find horseweed stalks that are straight, it just takes more looking. Cut or split a baseboard of white cedar fencing (no hole cedar) from the lumberyard about 11” long and 3/8” thick. I personally mark the board with a straight edge and a pencil and then cut it with a saber saw, but many methods can be used. A table saw would be ideal if you have one and know how to use it properly. Using a knife make a 3/8” dimple about an inch from the end of the baseboard. Spin the spindle in the dimple to seat it in. You don’t have to get actual smoke at this point. The main thing is to make sure exactly the spindle wants to spin before proceeding. Cut an inverted “V” from the edge of the baseboard toward the center of the dimple. -
Instructions
Produced for Discursive Impulse, a publication of Center for Contemporary Art & Culture at Pacific Northwest College of Art. Daniel J Glendening, 2017 INSTRUCTIONS DANIEL J GLENDENING CONTENTS Most of these skills I have never personally had occasion to practice, and hopefully never will. SURVIVAL SUPPLY KIT CONTENTS 4 HOW TO START A FIRE 7 HOW TO BUILD AN EMP GENERATOR 9 HOW TO BUILD A SMALL GAME SNARE 11 HOW TO SKIN AND DRESS AN ANIMAL 12 HOW TO TAN A HIDE 14 HOW TO BUILD A SHELTER 16 HOW TO FIND TRUE NORTH 17 HOW TO PURIFY SALINE OR BRACKISH WATER 18 HOW TO BUILD A BATTERY CELL 20 HOW TO MAKE A STONE OR GLASS BLADE OR POINT 21 HOW TO BE ALONE 23 ADDENDUM: A BODY IS A WEAPON 25 4 SURVIVAL SUPPLY KIT CONTENTS: Hook needle 2.5 Set of large, long needles Windproof jacket Warm cap Thermal underwear Long-sleeve shirt Short sleeve shirt Fleece pullover Lightweight pants Lightweight shorts Gloves Thick socks Hiking boots with extra laces Rain suit Backpack and nylon bags Lightweight, low-temp sleeping bag Lightweight small tent Plastic tarp Emergency blankets Compass Binoculars Solar-charged flashlight Multipurpose knife Survival knife Fishing line Fishing hooks Fishing weights Wire saw Hatchet Grinding stone Small iron shovel with folding blade Parachute cord Pencil Braided rope Nylon cord 28 5 but how we can use it: this sculpture is a weapon. This Mosquito net sculpture is a chair. This sculpture is a lamp. This sculp- Sunglasses ture can be used to start a fire. -
The Arrow Shafts Is Pseudosasa Japonica Or Commonly Called Japanese Arrow Bamboo
The Japanese Arrow By Godai Katsunaga Intorduction The Ya, or arrow of Japan and was between 34 and 38 inches in length, made of fire hardened bamboo shafts and had a steel arrow head., During this period and earlier arrows used in combat were often marked to identify who owned them, this allowed samurai to get the proper credit for killing an opponent. Period Construction The bamboo used for the arrow shafts is Pseudosasa japonica or commonly called Japanese arrow bamboo. This bamboo grows in slender culms that are packed tightly together, forming a dense hedge, with large, dark green foliage. It is a tough and versatile bamboo that will thrive in shade and in sun while growing to about 15 foot tall and was common throughout Japan. Farmers and other workers harvested the bamboo in the early winter when the plants saps were down. To get the required diameter need to make arrows the plants that were between two and three years in age were preferred. After harvesting, the best bamboo was hand selected and ideally stored for about a year for drying, allowing most of the moisture in the plant material to evaporate. Preparation of each shaft included having the nodes shaved off and then softening the shaft by placing it in hot sand prior to straightening it by hand. After the shafts were straightened, they were exposed to high heat to remove any remaining moisture and harden the natural sugars, creating a stronger bond of the natural fibers; this was known as fire hardening. Fletching was done with hawk, eagle, crane or pheasant tail feathers and could be either three or four flights depending on the arrow head that would be mounted. -
Example Rubric: Fire Benchmark 1 2 3 4 5 Introductory Emergent Novice
Example Rubric: Fire Benchmark 1 2 3 4 5 Introductory Emergent Novice Sustainable Instructor One Match Demonstrate sustainable Demonstrate sustainable Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate Fire fire in less than 30 min, 3 fire in less than 30 min, 1 sustainable fire in sustainable fire with sustainable fire and matches, natural match, natural materials. less than 15min, one match, in the bring water to a boil in materials. one match, no rain, no birch bark, less than 30 min, one birch bark, no no tools. cedar log, knife tools permitted Ferro Rod Gather and ignite five Ignite and produce a Ignite and produce Ignite and produce a Share proper ferro rod natural tinder bundles in sustainable fire in less a sustainable fire council (upside form and technique less than one hour than 30 minutes in less than 30 down) fire in the rain with a group with 80% min without birch to be untended and success rate bark, char cloth, or last for 4 hours tinder fungus Bow Drill Produce a coal from a Carve a set from Harvest and craft Harvest and craft With just a knife, craft Progression manufactured set provided material, craft wild bow drill kit wild bow drill kit bow drill set and demonstrating proper wild tinder bundle, make and tinder bundle including cord and produce sustainable form fire using manufactured to produce 3hr tinder bundle to fire as your source of cord sustainable fire. make fire. heat/light for Cord permitted 3days/2nights. Adv. Demonstrate proper Produce a coal with a Demonstrate Produce three coals Study and Friction Fire hand drill technique hand drill proper strap drill in 30 min from three demonstrate effective form and produce differant friction fire us and form of a 4th coal devices friction fire method. -
Silent Weapons
SURVIVAL PAPER #SP96-18 Survival Papers is a service program of Live Free, USA, P.O. Box 375, Dolton, IL 60419-9998, USA, www.live-free.org Dedicated to the support of responsible preparedness and self-reliance SILENT WEAPONS By Christopher Nyerges [Nyerges is the author of Testing Your Outdoor Survival Skills and Guide to Wild Foods. He has been conducting Wild Food Outings and Survival Skills Outings since 1974. A schedule of his classes can be obtained by writing to Survival News Service, Box 41834, Eagle Rock, CA 90041.] As evidenced by the many societies who still today effectively use silent, primitive weapons, the firearm is not the only method of defense or hunting. Still, aren’t all firearms better than any of the primitive weapons? The answer all depends on your perspective. If you consider the relative inherent accuracy of most modern firearms, the relative ease of operation by someone unskilled, and their relative stopping or killing power, then firearms definitely rank superior to most all other weapons. Yet, there are several important reasons for investigating primitive, silent weapons as a part of your overall, long-term survival strategy. The primitive weapons described here are silent, or nearly so. The value of silence in a survival situation is at least two-fold: You may not want to announce your whereabouts, and when hunting, you won’t frighten away every animal in the vicinity after your first rifle blast. In most cases, maintenance of modern firearms requires a simple cleaning kit. But assumes you have a press and all of the needed accessories. -
Low-Impact Living Initiative
firecraft what is it? It's starting and managing fire, which requires fuel, oxygen and ignition. The more natural methods usually progress from a spark to an ember to a flame in fine, dry material (tinder), to small, thin pieces of wood (kindling) and then to firewood. Early humans collected embers from forest fires, lightning strikes and even volcanic activity. Archaeological evidence puts the first use of fire between 200-400,000 years ago – a time that corresponds to a change in human physique consistent with food being cooked - e.g. smaller stomachs and jaws. The first evidence of people starting fires is from around 10,000 years ago. Here are some ways to start a fire. Friction: rubbing things together to create friction Sitting around a fire has been a relaxing, that generates heat and produces embers. An comforting and community-building activity for example is a bow-drill, but any kind of friction will many millennia. work – e.g. a fire-plough, involving a hardwood stick moving in a groove in a piece of softwood. what are the benefits? Percussion: striking things together to make From an environmental perspective, the more sparks – e.g. flint and steel. The sharpness of the natural the method the better. For example, flint creates sparks - tiny shards of hot steel. strikers, fire pistons or lenses don’t need fossil Compression: fire pistons are little cylinders fuels or phosphorus, which require the highly- containing a small amount of tinder, with a piston destructive oil and chemical industries, and that is pushed hard into the cylinder to compress friction methods don’t require the mining, factories the air in it, which raises pressure and and roads required to manufacture anything at all. -
Prioritizing Investments in Our Community's Recovery & Resiliency
Prioritizing Investments in Our Community’s Recovery & Resiliency PG&E Settlement Funds Community Input Survey Data Compilation Responses collected September 15 to October 25, 2020 1 Begins on Page 3 ………………………………………………………. Graph data for Spanish Survey Responses Begins on Page 22 …………………………………..…………………. Graph Data for English Survey Responses Begins on Page 42 ……………….. Open-Ended Response: Shared ideas (Spanish Survey Responses) Begins on Page 44………………….. Open-Ended Response: Shared ideas (English Survey Responses) Begins on Page 189 ..………... Open-Ended Response: Comments for Council (Spanish Responses) Page 190………..……….. Open-Ended Response: Comments for Council (English Survey Responses) 2 SPANISH SURVEY RESPONSES Did you reside within the Santa Rosa city limits during the October 2017 wildfires? Total Responses: 32 yes no 6% 94% 3 SPANISH SURVEY RESPONSES Was your Santa Rosa home or business destroyed or fire damaged in the 2017 wildfires, or did a family member perish in the 2017 wildfires? Total Responses: 32 yes no 25% 75% 4 SPANISH SURVEY RESPONSES Do you currently reside within the Santa Rosa city limits? Total Responses: 32 yes no 13% 87% 5 SPANISH SURVEY RESPONSES Survey Respondents Current Area of Residence 32 Surveys Did not Respond Outside SR within 3% Sonoma County 3% Northwest SR 38% Northeast SR 22% Southwest SR 34% 6 SPANISH SURVEY RESPONSES Where do you reside? Outside City Limits No Response City Limits Out of County Out of State within Sonoma County Provided Northeast Sebastopol 1 - 0 - 0 unknown 1 Fountaingrove 1