GLOSSARIO AGTC Astro-Geo-Topo-Cartografico Di Michele T

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GLOSSARIO AGTC Astro-Geo-Topo-Cartografico Di Michele T GLOSSARIO AGTC Astro-Geo-Topo-Cartografico di Michele T. Mazzucato Ultimo aggiornamento del 2021_1007 2 Il dubbio è l’inizio della conoscenza. René Descartes (Cartesio) (1596-1650) Esiste un solo bene, la conoscenza, e un solo male, l’ignoranza. Socrate (470-399 a.C.) GLOSSARIO AGTC 3 Una raccolta di termini specialistici, certamente non esaustiva per vastità, riguardanti le Scienze Geodetiche e Topografiche derivanti dalle quattro discipline fondamentali: astronomia, geodesia, topografia e cartografia. Michele T. Mazzucato Michele T. Mazzucato 4 I N D I C E A ▲indice▲ angolo di inclinazione aberrazione astronomica angolo di posizione aberrazione della luce angolo nadirale aberrazione stellare angolo orario aberrazioni ottiche angolo orizzontale accelerazione di Coriolis angolo polare accelerazione di gravità teorica angolo verticale accuratezza angolo zenitale acromatico anno acronico anno bisestile adattamento al buio anno civile adattamento alla distanza anno luce aerofotogrammetria anno lunare afelio anno platonico afilattiche anno siderale agonica anno solare agrimensore anno tropico agrimensura anomalia della gravità airglow anomalie gravimetriche alba anomalia orbitale albedo antimeridiano di Greenwich albion antimeridiano terrestre alidada apoastro allineamento apocromatico almucantarat apogeo altezza apparente aposelenio altezza del Sole apozenit altezza di un astro apparato basimetrico altezza reale apparato di Bessel altezza sustilare apparato di Borda altimetria apparato di Boscovich altimetria laser apparato di Colby altimetro apparato di Ibáñez altimetro GPS apparato di Jäderin altitudine apparato di Porro amagnetico apparato di Struve ametropia apparato di Väisälä amplitudine appiattimento polare amplitudine occasa archimetro amplitudine ortiva archipendolo anaglifo arco analemma arco di meridiano e di parallelo anemometro arco diurno anemoscopio arco notturno aneroide arcobalestra angolo al centro arcominuto angolo azimutale arcosecondo angolo di depressione area anticiclonica angolo di direzione area ciclonica angolo di elevazione argomento del perielio GLOSSARIO AGTC 5 arpedonapti B ▲indice▲ arrotolatore baculo mensorio arrotondamento balaustrino ascensione retta balestra celeste asse di collimazione balestriglia asse di mira barometro asse di riferimento orizzontale P-P basamento asse di riferimento verticale V-V base geodetica asse di rotazione del cannocchiale base geodetica Leyden- Soeterwood asse di rotazione terrestre base geodetica Villejuive-Juvisy asse equatoriale terrestre bastoncelli asse geomagnetico batimetria asse maggiore terrestre batimetrica asse minore terrestre battuta alla stadia asse polare terrestre battuta di livellazione asse primario verticale bematista asse secondario orizzontale biffa assostilo biffante asterismo bilancio del momento angolare astigmatismo bindella metrica astrogeodesia binocolo astrolabio nautico bolla astrolabio planisferico bossolo astrolabio sferico bulbo oculare astrolabista bussola magnetica astrometria bussola solare astrometrista astronavigazione C ▲indice▲ astronomia di posizione calciolo astronomia geodetica calendario perpetuo astroscopio calepino di osservazione atmosfera camera doppia atmosfera internazionale campo di vista atmosfera standard campo di Weingarten atmosfera tipo campo geodetico attrazione zenitale campo geogravitazionale aurora campo geomagnetico autaliche campo gravitazionale terrestre autogonali campo magnetico terrestre autolivello campo piano autunno campo sferico azimut campo topografico azimut del Sole campo visivo azimut di andata canna metrica azimut di Laplace canneggiatore azimut di ritorno cannocchiale azimut di un astro cannocchiale centralmente anallattico azimut geografico cannocchiale con lente raddrizzatrice azimut magnetico cannocchiale collimatore azimut reciproco cannocchiale dei passaggi azimut rete cannocchiale equatoriale azimut tra due punti cannocchiale galileiano cannocchiale kepleriano Michele T. Mazzucato 6 cannocchiale meridiano circolo polare artico cannocchiale panfocale circonferenza cannocchiale prismatico circonferenza trigonometrica canovaccio geografico cleps capisaldi di linea clessamia capisaldi fondamentali clessidra capisaldi nodali clinometro capisaldi principali clisigoniometro caposaldo clisimetro capra clivometro capsula clivometro Coturri carta coda dell’occhio carteggiare codice alfanumerio UTM carteggio codice fonetico ICAO-NATO cartografia codice Morse cartografia digitale raster coefficiente d’inclinazione cartografia digitale vettoriale coefficiente del potenziale della forza centrifuga cartografo coefficiente di dispersione cromatica cartometria coefficiente di rifrazione geodetica cassetta metallica coefficiente di rifrazione terrestre medio catadiottrico coefficiente gravimetrico catena agrimensoria colatitudine catena del geometra collimatore zenitale catena dell’ingegnere collina mareografica catena di Gunter colonna catena di Ramsden coluro celatone coluro equinoziale centesimale coluro solstiziale centigrada Commissione Geodetica Italiana centrino compasso centro di curvatura compensazione angolare cerchio delle sei ore compensazione lineare cerchio di ipparco conformi cerchio graduato orizzontale congiunzione cerchio graduato verticale coni cerchio indiano conica di Dupin cerchio orario controazimut cerchio osculatore convergenza dei meridiani chiodo conversione sessagesimale ↔ orario ciclesigrafo coordinata gaussiana est ciclo dell’indizione coordinata gaussiana nord ciclo di Metone coordinate altazimutali ciclo di saros coordinate chilometriche ciclo lunare coordinate cilindriche terrestri ciclo metonico coordinate equatoriali celesti ciclo solare coordinate gaussiane cilindriche o coniche dirette coordinate geodetiche cilindriche o coniche inverse coordinate geodetiche polari cilindriche o coniche oblique coordinate geodetiche rettangolari cineteodolite coordinate geografiche “circolo” meridiano terrestre coordinate geografiche astronomiche circolo a riflessione coordinate geografiche ellissoidiche circolo polare antartico coordinate geografiche geocentriche GLOSSARIO AGTC 7 coordinate geoidiche deflessione della verticale coordinate orarie celesti depressione orizzonte terrestre coordinate orizzontali depressionometro coordinate polari nello spazio deviazione della verticale coordinate sferiche terrestri deviazione magnetica coordinate vere deviazione standard coordinatometro diagramma di declinazione corda diametro cordella metrica diasporametro corobate diastinometrica corollario di Jadanza difetto visivo correzione del fuso digressione correzione in longitudine dilatazione dell’orizzonte cosmimetria Dilution Of Precision DOP costante distanziometrica diottra a traguardi costante Filopanti direzione di marcia costante locale direzione di marcia declinata costanti matematiche direzione di marcia geografica costellazione disco di Airy crepuscolo dislivello crepuscolo astronomico disorientamento crepuscolo civile distanza cartografica crepuscolo nautico distanza di un punto dall’equatore cronometro da marina distanza effettiva culminazione distanza focale culminazione inferiore distanza gaussiana culminazione superiore distanza geodetica curva di livello distanza grafica curva gravicentrica distanza nadirale curvatura distanza obiettiva curvatura di Casorati distanza orizzontale curvatura di Gauss distanza orizzonte terrestre curvatura di Germain distanza piana curvatura di una superficie distanza planimetrica curvatura estrinseca distanza reale curvatura gaussiana distanza ridotta all'orizzonte curvatura intrinseca distanza ridotta alla superficie di riferimento curvatura media distanza subbiettiva curvatura orizzonte terrestre distanza sustilare curvatura totale distanza topografica curvature principali distanza tra due punti da misure barometriche curvimetro distanza tra due punti (ellissoidale) cuspide distanza tra due punti (sferica) distanza zenitale D ▲indice▲ distanze in astronomia datum geodetico doppia riflessione decempeda romana duplometro decempedatores declinante E ▲indice▲ declinazione eccentricità orbitale declinazione della parete eccentricità prima dell’ellissoide declinazione gnomonica eccesso ellissoidico declinazione magnetica eccesso sferico Michele T. Mazzucato 8 eccesso superficiale errore angolare complessivo curvatura-rifrazione ecclimetro errore angolare di rifrazione atmosferica eclittica errore di misurazione effemeridi astronomiche errore grafico eidipsometria errore lineare complessivo curvatura-rifrazione eidotipo errore lineare di curvatura terrestre elementi di Stokes errore lineare di rifrazione atmosferica elementi meteorologici errore temibile elementi orbitali errori accidentali elemento cartografico errori casuali elettrometeora errori costruttivi di un goniometro eliaco errori determinati eliocentrico errori grossolani eliografista errori indeterminati eliografo errori sistematici eliotropista esatto quadrante dell’azimut eliotropo escursione termica ellisse esperienza di Foucault ellisse d’errore esperienza di Guglielmini ellisse di distorsione esperienza di Richer ellisse di Tissot esperimento Bedford ellisse meridiana esperimento Chimborazo ellissoide esperimento Schiehallion ellissoide di riferimento est ellissoide globale estate ellissoide locale estrazione pupillare ellissoidi di Jacobi età della Luna ellissoidi di Maclaurin ellitticità F ▲indice▲ elongazione falsa alba emersione falsa origine emisfero australe fascia di Clarke emisfero boreale fascia UTM emisfero meridionale fasi lunari emisfero occidentale fattore di scala
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