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Jag Pésaj Sameaj Viernes 7 de abril de 2017 - 11 de nisan de 5777 Año LXXIII N° 4.056 - Nueva Época N° 2.932 - www.lapalabraisraelita.cl El Semanario Judío de Chile Edición Especial Jag Pésaj Sameaj Rabino Ariel Sigal: Arte & Cultura: Este lunes se inicia esta festividad: A seis meses de su partida: Birkat Ha Pésaj en Comidas, apps En recuerdo Gomel el Kibutz: Pág. 2 y curiosidades de Werner Rabino Gustavo Kelmeszes: Shraga de Pésaj en Mandel Pésaj: Jag Ha Weil el mundo Broh (Z.L) Matzot Pág. 10 Págs. 8 y 9 Pág. 11 Pág. 3 2 Viernes 7 de abril de 2017 / 11 de nisan de 5777 Judaísmo Parashá Ha´shavúa: Encendido Velas de Shabat: No se visita Cementerio ni se realizan Ceremonias Fúnebres: 1 al 9 de abril, Jodesh Nisan. Tzav 19:12 HORAS 10 al 18 de abril, Vísp. y Pésaj. Malaquías 3:4 - 24 19 al 25 de abril, Jodesh Nisan Comentario ¿Qué pasa cuando honrar a los padres implica exponernos a un ambiente tóxico? ¿No hay un mandamiento que nos Birkat obligue al autocuidado? Ha Gomel Por Gachi Waingortin Por Rabino Ariel Sigal ay padres y padres. Hay en Beer Lajai Roí (Bereshit 24:62), Sí, hay un mandamiento que gente sana y gente tóxi- el mismo lugar donde D’s se apa- nos obliga al autocuidado. “Ama emos estado sin sacrificios H ca, hay relaciones sanas y reció a Agar. El Midrash sugiere a tu prójimo como a ti mismo” por casi dos mil años, aun- relaciones tóxicas. La obligación que Itzjak se fue a vivir con su (Vaikrá 19:18) nos enseña que de honrar a los padres a veces medio hermano Ishmael. debes amarte a ti mismo para que un rastro de esa ofrenda H implica tener que soportar situa- poder amar al prójimo. El auto- de acción de gracias, sobrevive has- ciones desagradables, comenta- Abraham tenía poderosas ra- cuidado es también una orden ta el día de hoy en forma de bendi- rios hirientes, preguntas odiosas. zones para expulsar a Agar e divina. Pero cuidarse no signifi- ción: conocida como Birkat HaGomel ¿Qué debería hacer un hijo ante Ishmael y para llevar a Itzjak al ca evitar el contacto con quienes –Bendición del “Salvado”. Y así se esa situación? ¿Cuál es el límite sacrificio. Tendemos a juzgar por nos hacen daño (a veces es im- reza en la sinagoga, en el momento entre el deber y el autocuidado? las acciones, pero cuando se tra- posible) sino aprender a no ser ta de recomponer vínculos, es útil receptores de ese daño. Aprendí de la lectura de la Torá por uno que La Torá nos presenta algunos centrarnos en las motivaciones una vez que lo que los demás ha- ha sobrevivido una situación peligro- ejemplos que pueden ayudarnos más que en los hechos. Es impor- cen o dicen no nos molesta por sa, “que otorga cosas buenas a los a pensar este tema tan arduo. tante aceptar que nadie puede lo que ellos hagan o digan sino indignos”. Nuestro patriarca Abraham debe entregar lo que no tiene y a veces por lo que uno siente al respecto. tomar decisiones muy difíciles los padres no tienen esa capaci- Si no podemos evitar que llegue con sus hijos. Se le pide expulsar dad de amar que los hijos tanto un comentario hiriente, sí pode- Los sabios en M. Brajot 54b definen a uno, sacrificar al otro. Por exi- echan de menos. mos evitar que tal comentario un contexto adverso como la supervi- gencia de Sarah y con el consen- nos hiera. Depende de nosotros vencia a uno de los cuatro peligros timiento divino, echa de su casa permitir que el veneno nos afecte, mencionados en el Salmo 107. Su- a Agar e Ishmael. La concubina aun cuando debamos recibir de giere “Dar gracias a D’s por Su bon- toma a su hijo y se interna en el vez en cuando alguna flecha ve- desierto sin más provisiones que nenosa. Debemos darnos cuenta dad porque es para siempre”. Este una hogaza de pan y un odre de de por qué nos molesta y trabajar salmo menciona respecto al mar: agua. En algún momento el agua en ello. En estos días de Pésaj, “Los que descienden al mar en na- se acaba. ¿Qué hace Agar? Colo- puede ser uno de nuestros espa- ves”. Los que cruzaron un desierto: ca a Ishmael bajo un arbusto y se cios de libertad que vale la pena “Anduvieron perdidos por el desierto, aleja “para no ver morir al niño” trabajar. Exige mucha sabiduría y por la soledad sin camino, Sin hallar (Bereshit 21:16). A veces la vida esfuerzo, pero es posible. nos impone pruebas difíciles que ciudad en donde vivir”. Los que se nadie quisiera tener que afrontar. Es complicado mantener el recuperaron de una enfermedad gra- Un primer impulso puede ser ale- equilibrio entre deber y autocui- ve: “Algunos moraban en tinieblas y jarnos para no ver, no saber, no dado, entre autocuidado y aban- sombra de muerte”. Finalmente, los sufrir. Pero el balance responsabi- dono, sea en lo que respecta a la cautivos liberados: “Aprisionados en lidad-autocuidado es demasiado honra a los padres o en aquellas complejo y hay muy poco margen relaciones con personas que no aflicción y en hierros”. para el error. Da pavor imaginar a Abraham tenía poderosas ra- podemos dejar de frecuentar. La Ishmael viendo que su madre lo zones para expulsar a Agar e única persona de nuestro entorno Algunos incluyen hoy en día el abandona porque prioriza su pro- Ishmael y para llevar a Itzjak al que podemos esperar que cam- transporte aéreo como un peligro al pio autocuidado en desmedro del sacrificio, eran órdenes divinas. bie, somos nosotros mismos. que nos enfrentamos y merece ser hijo. Debe ser una de las escenas Pero ¿lo habrán comprendido sus más cruentas de la Torá. hijos? Es otra de las tantas incóg- No debemos escatimar ningún agradecido al finalizarlo, en la Sina- nitas del texto. Lo que sí sabemos tipo de esfuerzo a la hora de ju- goga. Con total seguridad, la Halajá Abraham no quiere expulsar es que, más allá de los rencores garnos por una relación ineludi- –ley judía- exige con plazo máximo a Ishmael y hasta llega a pedir- que cada uno guardase y los re- ble. Compleja como puede llegar de 30 días de recuperada la perso- le a D’s, antes del nacimiento de proches que tuvieran para hacer- a ser la relación con los padres, na, que se presente frente a la Torá y Itzjak, que considere al hijo de le, leemos “Y lo enterraron Itzjak e debemos honrarlos. Tenemos pronuncie esa fórmula de gracia. Agar como heredero del Pacto Ishmael sus hijos en la cueva de que hacerlo por ellos (quizás al (Bereshit. 17:18). Pero los hijos Majpelá” (Bereshit 25:9). Estos final del día, no fueron tan malos no ven las emociones sino los ac- dos hijos, aun teniendo podero- como hoy creemos) por nosotros El sacrificio de paces ya no es pa- tos. ¿Cuáles habrán sido los sen- sas razones para privar a su pa- mismos en el futuro (así como sible de realización sin Beit Hamik- timientos de Ishmael hacia ese dre de respeto y honor, cumplen tratemos a nuestros padres, sere- dash, pero aún hay señales en nues- padre que lo echó de su casa? con su obligación de honrar al mos tratados por nuestros hijos) tra condición humana que merecen La Torá no nos da ninguna infor- padre concediéndole su última y por nosotros mismos hoy: el ju- mación al respecto. voluntad. daísmo define la felicidad como explicación y sentido. Nuestra capa- la sensación de saber que esta- cidad de enfrentar la adversidad, las Finalmente nace Itzjak y D’s le Todos conocemos casos de hi- mos haciendo lo correcto. Vale la casualidades y los milagros mere- pide a Abraham que lo ofrezca jos que no asisten al funeral de pena intentarlo. cen de palabras de agradecimiento en sacrificio. A Itzjak, el hijo de alguno de sus padres por despe- y asombro. Sólo en ese despertar, Sarah, el hijo amado. Más allá cho, o de progenitores que, aun de todo lo que podamos apren- estando a las puertas de la muer- encontramos el propósito a nuestra der de este episodio, hay mucho te, se niegan a perdonar a sus hi- existencia y la valoración al Mundo y para pensar si lo miramos desde jos. La actitud de Ishmael e Itzjak a D’s. los ojos de Itzjak. Ignoramos qué no es menor. Honrar a los padres fue lo que pasó por su mente, no necesariamente significa con- pero la Torá nos dice que cuando vivir ni compartir excesiva canti- todo termina, Abraham regresa al dad de tiempo. Cada caso es di- hogar solo. ¿Dónde quedó Itzjak? ferente pero un hijo debe evaluar Ari Sigal (CIS) @ArielSigal No lo sabemos; pero la siguiente y decidir, no si honrará a sus pa- vez que aparece, lo encontramos dres sino de qué manera lo hará. Opinión Viernes 7 de abril de 2017 / 11 de nisan de 5777 3 Pésaj: Jag Ha Matzot El Semanario Judío de Chile urante muchos años, cuando vivimos es- Sin embargo, la razón explicita que menciona Viernes 7 de abril 2017 clavizados en Egipto, todos los días co- la Torá es otra. En el momento de nuestra salida 11 de nisan de 5777 míamos exclusivamente Matzá. Matzá en de Egipto, irónicamente, también comimos Matzá. www.lapalabraisraelita.cl D e-mail: [email protected] el desayuno, Matzá en el almuerzo y Matzá para la Pero ¿por qué? NO porque nos forzaran a no espe- www.facebook.com/lapalabraisraelita cena.
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