The Turn to Infrastructure in Internet Governance

The Turn to Infrastructure in Internet Governance The INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE series focuses on the complex inter-relationships between the social, political, and economic processes of global governance that occur at national, regional, and international levels. These processes are influenced by the rapid and ongoing developments in information and communication technologies, which are affecting numerous substantive areas, as well as creating new opportunities and mechanisms for participation in global governance processes and influencing how they are studied. The series encourages original scholarship on both the global governance of information and communication technologies (from the narrow issues of global Internet governance to the broader issues of global governance of the Information Society) as well as the uses of information and communication technologies in the service of global governance in a wide range of sectors. S e r i e s E d i t o r : Derrick L. Cogburn, American University Associate Professor of International Relations International Communication Program School of International Service American University Director: COTELCO The Collaboration Laboratory Executive Director, Institute on Disability and Public Policy (IDPP) American University Advisory Board: M. Selcan Kaynak – Bogazici University Nanette S. Levinson – American University John Mathiason – Syracuse University Milton Mueller – Georgia Institute of Technology Claudia Padovani – University of Padova (Universit à di Padova) Priscilla Regan – George Mason University Kenneth Rogerson – Duke University J. P. Singh – George Mason University Published by Palgrave Macmillan : Third World Citizens and the Information Technology Revolution By Nivien Saleh Global Governance Facing Structural Change: New Institutional Trajectories for Digital and Transnational Capitalism Edited by Mich è le Rioux and Kim Fontaine-Skronski The Turn to Infrastructure in Internet Governance Edited by Francesca Musiani, Derrick L. Cogburn, Laura DeNardis, and Nanette S. Levinson The Turn to Infrastructure in Internet Governance Edited by Francesca Musiani , Derrick L. Cogburn , Laura DeNardis , and Nanette S. Levinson THE TURN TO INFRASTRUCTURE IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE Selection and editorial content © Francesca Musiani, Derrick L. Cogburn, Laura DeNardis, and Nanette S. Levinson 2016 Individual chapters © their respective contributors 2016 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2016 978-1-137-53326-5 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission. In accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published 2016 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of Nature America, Inc., One New York Plaza, Suite 4500, New York, NY 10004-1562. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. ISBN: 978–1–349–57846–7 E-PDF ISBN: 978–1–137–48359–1 DOI: 10.1057/9781137483591 Distribution in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world is by Palgrave Macmillan®, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The turn to infrastructure in Internet governance / edited by Francesca Musiani, Derrick L. Cogburn, Laura DeNardis, and Nanette S. Levinson. pages cm.—(Information technology and global governance) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Internet governance. 2. Internet—Security measures—International cooperation. 3. Internet industry. I. Musiani, Francesca, editor. II. Cogburn, Derrick L., editor. III. DeNardis, Laura, 1966– editor. IV. Levinson, Nanette S., editor. TK5105.8854.T87 2015 384.3Ј3—dc23 2015020923 A catalogue record for the book is available from the British Library. Dedicated to Enoch, Claudia, and C é cile, for getting and keeping me interested in the Internet Francesca Musiani Sharon, Courtney, Noemi, and Sean Manuel Cogburn Derrick L. Cogburn Deborah Rebecca Smith Laura DeNardis Daniel, Shiley, and Maya Levinson N a n e t t e S . L e v i n s o n Contents List of Figures ix Series Editor Foreword xi P r e f a c e xiii A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s xv I n t r o d u c t i o n 1 G o v e r n a n c e b y I n f r a s t r u c t u r e 3 Laura DeNardis and Francesca Musiani Part I From the Politics of Internet Infrastructure to Infrastructure as Internet Politics 2 The Multiple Logics of Post-Snowden Restructuring of Internet Governance 25 Derrick L. Cogburn 3 International Organizations and Global Internet Governance: Interorganizational Architecture 47 Nanette S. Levinson and Meryem Marzouki 4 Alternative Technologies as Alternative Institutions: The Case of the Domain Name System 73 Francesca Musiani Part II Infrastructure-Based Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement 5 Domains of Control: Governance of and by the Domain N a m e S y s t e m 8 9 Kenneth Merrill viii ● Contents 6 Copyright, Information Intermediaries, and Internet A r c h i t e c t u r e 1 0 7 Matthew Schruers 7 “Three-Strikes” Response to Copyright Infringement: The Case of HADOPI 125 Primavera De Filippi and Dani è le Bourcier Part III Infrastructure as a Lever of/in Surveillance, Privacy, and Censorship 8 The Delegation of Censorship to the Private Sector 155 N i c o l a s A r p a g i a n 9 Tracking Internet Shutdown Practices: Democracies and Hybrid Regimes 167 Patricia Vargas-Leon 1 0 T h e T u r n t o I n f r a s t r u c t u r e i n P r i v a c y G o v e r n a n c e 1 8 9 T a t e v i k S a r g s y a n 11 Exploring PRISM’s Spectrum: Privacy in the Information Age 203 John Laprise Conclusion 1 2 T h e N e x t “ T u r n ” i n I n t e r n e t I n f r a s t r u c t u r e G o v e r n a n c e 2 1 9 Nanette S. Levinson and Derrick L. Cogburn L i s t o f A c r o n y m s 225 R e f e r e n c e s 229 N o t e s o n C o n t r i b u t o r s 259 I n d e x 263 Figures 5 . 1 I C E s e i z u r e b a n n e r 9 8 6.1 Direct and indirect regulation 114 9.1 Internet shutdown cases 173 9.2 Russian “Blitzkrieg” laws over the Internet infrastructure (2012–2014) 176 9.3 Variations in the terminology of “critical infrastructure”—US l e g a l d e b a t e 1 8 5 Series Editor Foreword he Information Technology and Global Governance Series is designed to highlight original scholarly research at the intersection T of information and communications technology and the multifac- eted processes of global governance. Twin foci define the series. The first focus is the global governance of information and communication technologies. The second is the use of information and communication technologies in the processes of global governance. This edited volume focuses clearly on the first area of focus for the series. It examines new mechanisms for governing the Internet, through the role of infrastructure. The book emerged out of a joint conference we organized at Georgetown University, with support from American University. Dr. Francesca Musiani was the leader of that workshop, with active organization by all of the editors. Subsequently, the editors have worked together around these ideas at annual symposia of the Global Internet Governance Academic Network (GigaNet), the International Studies Association (ISA), the American Political Science Association (APSA), and other scholarly meetings. We look forward to the debate this volume will spark. Derrick L. Cogburn American University Information Technology and Global Governance Series Editor Preface n 2013, while completing her postdoctoral Yahoo! research fellowship at Georgetown University, Francesca Musiani had the idea to organize I an academic symposium on Internet Governance. Colleagues at the American University School of International Service (Nanette Levinson and Derrick Cogburn) and the School of Communication (Laura DeNardis) supported this symposium. The response to the symposium from the scholarly and practitioner community was overwhelming. At the intellectual core of this symposium, the idea of the “turn to infrastructure in Internet governance.” This idea was first developed by Laura DeNardis in her arti- cle, “Hidden Levers of Internet Control: An Infrastructure-Based Theory of Internet Governance,” where she coined the term and first described this turn to infrastructure for economic and political issues having nothing to do with keeping the Internet operational. At the Georgetown conference, this innovative idea was further developed and expanded. Francesca Musiani Derrick Cogburn Laura DeNardis Nanette Levinson Acknowledgments o book is the product of a single individual.

Load more