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Contents List of Illustrations STATE OF MICHIGAN Fish Habitats. ...............................................................49 MICHIGAN GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SURVEY Lake Superior Shoal.............................................. 49 Beach Ponds. ........................................................ 50 Publication 20. Biological Series 4. Marsh Lakes and Streams..................................... 51 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS Shelldrake Lake..................................................... 55 ON THE Shelldrake River. ................................................... 55 ZOOLOGY OF MICHIGAN. List of Species..............................................................56 Hypothetical List of Species.........................................62 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF Summary and Conclusions. .........................................64 ALEXANDER G. RUTHVEN Bibliography..................................................................66 CHIEF NATURALIST PUBLISHED AS A PART OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURYEY FOR 1915. List of Illustrations LANSING, MICHIGAN WYNKOOP HALLENBECK CRAWFORD CO., STATE PRINTERS 1916 Plates Plate I. General view of east shore of South Twin Lake, looking south from Station 1...........................................11 Contents Plate II. South Twin Lake, looking northwest, showing broad Observations on the Fishes of Houghton County, shoal with a scant rush growth and the zones of shore vegetation.......................................................................11 Michigan, by Thomas L. Hankinson.............................. 2 Local Distribution of Fish. .............................................. 3 Plate III. South Twin Lake, Station 3, looking northwest, showing the region fished as far as the rushes extend. .11 Stonington Lake.......................................................3 South Twin Lake ......................................................3 Plate IV. South Twin Lake, looking north, showing an North Twin Lake.......................................................6 unusually broad beach but with many encroachments of Kratt Lake.................................................................6 the small shrub zone. .....................................................11 Bear Lake.................................................................6 Plate V. South Twin Lake, Station 13, looking north. ............11 Conclusion..................................................................... 6 Plate VI. South Twin Lake, Station 7, looking east. Floating List of Species. .............................................................. 7 Sparganium leaves not shown on account of waves......11 An Ecological Study of the Fish Fauna of the Plate VII. South Twin Lake, Station 46, looking northwest. ...12 Douglas Lake Region, Michigan, with Special Reference to the Mortality of the Species, by Roy J. Plate VIII. South Twin Lake, Station 40, looking west. Mouth of Misery Creek. .............................................................12 Colbert.............................................................................. 8 Plate IX. Figure A, adult of Hetaerina americana (Fabricus). 22 Dragonflies of the Douglas Lake Region, Michigan, by Arthur T. Evans ........................................................ 13 Plate IX. Figure B, adult of Agrion aequabile (Say)...............22 Topography of the Region........................................... 13 Plate IX. Figure C, nymph of Macromia illinoiensis Walsh. ...22 Taxonomy.................................................................... 14 Plate IX. Figure D, adult of Agrion maculatum Beauvais.......22 Discussion and Summary............................................ 21 Plate IX. Figure E, adult of Anax junius (Drury).....................22 Bibliography................................................................. 22 Plate IX. Figure F, nymph of Hagenius brevistylus Selys......22 The Reptiles and Amphibians of Monroe County, Michigan, by Crystal Thompson.................................. 23 Plate X. Figure A, labium of a nymph of Macromia illinoiensis Walsh. ............................................................................23 List of Species. ............................................................ 24 Plate X. Figure B, figure of Hagenius brevistylus Selys. .......23 Results of the Mershon Expedition to the Charity Islands, Lake Huron: Coleoptera, by A. W. Andrews.24 Plate X. Figure C, figure of the labium of Agriun aequabile (Say). .............................................................................23 Habitat Distribution of the Coleoptera. ........................ 25 Plate X. Figure D, side view of the abdomen of Hagenius List of Species. ............................................................ 26 brevistylus Selys. ...........................................................23 Results of the Shiras Expeditions to Whitefish Point, Plate X. Figures E and F, fore and hind wings of Anax junius Michigan: Fishes, by T. L. Hankinson........................ 44 (Drury)............................................................................23 General Description of the Whitefish Point Region. .... 44 Plate XI. Map of the Whitefish Point region, Chippewa County, Topography............................................................44 Michigan.........................................................................71 Vegetation..............................................................45 Invertebrates. .........................................................46 Plate XII. A. Lake Superior beach at Vermilion. Upper and Vertebrates other than Fish ...................................47 lower beach shown; the latter with Ammophila arenaria Climatic Features...................................................47 zone, shown chiefly in the foreground............................71 Methods and Acknowledgments. ................................ 48 Publication 20, Biological Series 4 – Page 1 of 76 Plate XII. B. Lake Superior beach with sand ridge crossed by Plate XXVI. B. Portion of Shelldrake River just south of Cranberry Creek, just east of Vermilion..........................71 Vermilion. .......................................................................76 Plate XIII. A. Lake Superior beach, looking east toward Plate XXVII. A. Shelldrake River just south of Shelldrake Lake, Vermilion, during a storm. Showing formation of looking south. .................................................................76 temporary pools by waves..............................................71 Plate XXVII. B. Long-nosed Dace, Rhinichthys cataractae. ..76 Plate XIII. B. Small portion of Lake Superior beach showing pebble zone and small temporary pond..........................71 Plate XXVIII. A. Tullibee, Leucichthys tullibee (?) caught at Station 2, Lake Superior.................................................76 Plate XIV. A. Lake Superior beach with dunes of the first sand ridge. ..............................................................................71 Plate XXVIII. B. Young whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis (possibly albus), length of largest about three inches, Plate XIV. B. Cranberry Creek (Station 30), looking north and caught at Station 1, on Lake Superior shoal...................76 down stream, showing a part of the beach pool formed by it (Station 31). .................................................................72 Figures Plate XV. A. Pond on Lake Superior beach (Station 31) formed by Cranberry Creek. ...........................................72 Figure 1. Outline map of South Twin Lake, Houghton County, Michigan...........................................................................4 Plate XV. B. Beaver dam and pond on Mason’s Creek (Station 171). ...............................................................................72 Figure 2. Sketch map of Douglas Lake, Michigan.................10 Plate XVI. A. Beach pond in the course of Mason’s Creek....72 Figure 3. Sketch map of the Marsh Lake region near Vermilion. .......................................................................45 Plate XVI. B. Marsh bordering Mason’s Creek (Station 172) on Lake Superior beach. .....................................................72 Plate XVII. A. Looking southwest from high sand dune near LETTERS OF TRANSMITTAL. Station 101, showing marsh and sand ridges with upland in distant background. ....................................................72 To the Honorable the Board of Geological and Biological Survey of the State of Michigan: Plate XVII. B. Marsh Lakes, looking southeast from the high dune near Station 101. ...................................................73 Gov. Woodbridge N. Ferris. Plate XVIII. A. Channel east from Beaver Lake (Station 90). 73 Hon. Fred L. Keeler. Hon. Thomas W. Nadal. Plate XVIII. B. Channel of Vermilion Lake (Station 25)..........73 Gentlemen:—I have the honor to transmit herewith some Plate XIX. A. Marsh bay of Beaver Lake (Station 55), looking miscellaneous papers on the zoology of Michigan, southwest (lakeward)......................................................73 prepared under the direction of Dr. Alexander G. Plate XIX. B. The same, looking south. .................................73 Ruthven, Chief Naturalist, with the recommendation that they be printed and bound as Publication 20, Biological Plate XX. A. Marsh bay of Beaver Lake (Station 52), looking northeast. .......................................................................73 Series 4. Plate XX. B. Northwest shore of
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