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South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Understanding the Special Qualities of the South Devon AONB

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South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Understanding the Special Qualities of the South Devon AONB South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Understanding the special qualities of the South Devon AONB Understanding the special qualities of the South Devon AONB (Draft Feb 2019) Annex 4 Introduction The South Devon AONB is one of Britain’s finest protected landscapes - loved for its significant and irreplaceable landscape features including rugged cliffs, sandy coves, peaceful countryside, picturesque villages, rolling hills, wooded valleys, colourful hedge banks, and secretive estuaries. It is an ancient countryside with strong links to the sea and generations of human activity etched into the landscape. The AONB is a centre for active and creative community life, a thriving and dynamic work place and a popular visitor destination. Within the diversity of the English countryside, South Devon AONB is a landscape of exceptional beauty, fashioned by nature and the communities which live there. It is a living landscape recognised as a national treasure by government and has been a designated protected landscape since 1960. Protected landscapes are described by a set of unique Special Qualities which identify what is distinctive about that area and help to identify what is most important to be conserved and enhanced. In order for people to value and care for their AONB, they need to be able to understand what is important about it and what makes it special. Policy context The European Landscape Convention (ELC) came into force in the UK in March 2007. It establishes the need to recognise landscape in law; to develop landscape policies dedicated to the protection, management and planning of landscapes; and to establish procedures for the participation of the general public and other stakeholders in the creation and implementation of landscape policies. The ELC definition of ‘landscape’ recognises that all landscapes matter, be they ordinary, degraded or outstanding: “Landscape means an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors”. The Convention puts emphasis on the whole landscape and all its values and is forward looking in its approach, recognising the dynamic and changing character of landscape. The updated Landscape Character Assessment makes a key contribution to the implementation of the ELC in the South Devon AONB and reaffirms the importance of landscape, co-ordinate existing work and guide future work to protect, manage and plan these nationally protected landscapes. Landscape Character Assessment framework This LCA forms part of a wider hierarchy of landscape character assessment information cascading down from the national, county to local (South Hams and West Devon) level. At the national level, England is divided into 159 distinct National Character Areas (NCAs). Each is defined by a unique combination of landscape, biodiversity, geodiversity, history, and cultural and economic activity. There are descriptive profiles available for each NCA (published in 2014), setting out information on landscape character, changes happening in the landscape and an assessment of ecosystem services delivered. At a county level, Devon’s landscape character assessment describes the variations in character between different areas and types of landscape in the county. It divides Devon up into 68 Devon Character Areas (DCAs), each representing areas with a unique and distinct identity recognisable on a county scale. Feeding up to the DCAs is a ‘menu’ of Devon-wide Landscape Character Types (LCTs), each sharing similar characteristics. Collectively, the Devon county work provides an evidence base articulating what people perceive as distinctive and special about all landscapes in Devon. It also set out strategies and guidelines for the protection, management and planning of the landscape. Landscape does not stop at administrative boundaries but continues seamlessly into surrounding administrative areas. Therefore, a key aim of this work was to join up with the Landscape Character Assessments of adjacent authorities which were produced after the original two assessments for the study area. These are Plymouth (a combined landscape and seascape character assessment, October 2016), Torridge (2011), Teignbridge (2009), Mid Devon (2011) and Dartmoor National Park (2017). The landscape is the result of the interaction between people and the environment that gives an area a local identity. Landscape character is defined as “a distinct, recognisable and consistent pattern of elements in the landscape that makes one landscape different from another, rather than better or worse”. Landscape Character Assessment is the process of identifying and describing such variations in character across a landscape Landscape Character Assessment is a tool to identify what makes a place unique, and can serve as a framework for decision making that respects local distinctiveness. It emerged in the 1980s as a process by which to define the character of the landscape - i.e. what makes one area distinct or different from another. It sought to separate the classification and description of the landscape from the evaluation process, the latter being more concerned with what makes one landscape ‘better’ than others. During recent years, the techniques and methodology have been refined, culminating in the publication of “An Approach to Landscape Character Assessment” (Natural England, October 2014), which updated the previous national guidance on the subject from 2002. Understanding the character of place and evaluating an area’s defining characteristics is a key component in managing growth sustainably and ensuring that the inherent quality of the landscape in South Hams and West Devon can continue to be celebrated, creating places that people can be proud of. Understanding of character can be used to ensure that any change or development does not undermine whatever is valued or characteristic in a particular landscape. This South Hams and West Devon Landscape Character Assessment can be used to consider landscape character when planning any type of change, such as: • to inform work on policy development as part of emerging Development Plans; • to inform development management, guiding development and land management that is sympathetic to local character and special qualities; • to promote an understanding of how landscapes are changing and how they can be strengthened. Landscape and Seascape Character The South Devon AONB has a complex and varied landscape. Its landscape character has been analysed and described at a range of levels in different assessments. National Character Assessment The South Devon AONB lies wholly within National Character Area 151, known as South Devon, and forms 28% of it. Devon Character Areas http://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/1911063?category=587130 Landscape Character Assessment (2017) follows the method promoted by Natural England through ’An Approach to Landscape Character Assessment’ (2014) which embeds the principles of the European Landscape Convention (ELC) within it. Landscape character areas have been defined at a county scale for Devon. http://www.devon.gov.uk/index/environmentplanning/natural_environment/landscape/landscapecharacter/landscape-map.htm Landscape Character Types Areas with common landscape character have been identified for Devon and Torbay, revealing twelve character types that overlap the South Devon AONB. A finer scaled assessment for the Torbay administrative area provides further detail and identifies Areas of Local Character. A Landscape Character Assessment (LCA) has been prepared for South Hams and West Devon in 2018 and replaces the earlier assessments produced in 2007 and 2008. https://www.plymouth.gov.uk/sites/default/files/LandscapeCharacterAssessmentSouthHamsAndWestDevon.pdf Devon Historic Landscape Characterisation This assessment enables a greater understanding of how today’s landscape relates to its historical development, recognising that all parts of the landscape have historical significance which is the result of human activity and use over the millennia. https://new.devon.gov.uk/planning/planning- policies/landscape/devons-landscape-character-assessment Historic Seascape Characterisation This Seascape Characterisation of the South West Peninsula includes the coast and estuaries of the South Devon AONB. See ArchSearch via www.archaeologydataservice.ac.uk Seascape Character Assessment A broad scale seascape character assessment is being developed for the South Marine Plans which includes a small part of the South Devon AONB coast from the River Dart eastwards. A similar assessment is planned for the remainder of the AONB coast as part of the South West Marine Plans See http://www.marinemanagement.org.uk/marineplanning/index.htm The high level, over-arching term Natural Beauty includes landscape and scenic quality, relative wildness and tranquillity, natural heritage features and cultural heritage, that come together to make an area distinctive. Special Qualities distil the key attributes that make the area special and worthy of designation as an AONB. Distinctive Characteristics are those components that define what it is that gives South Devon its sense of place and generally apply to areas smaller than the AONB as a whole. Key Features are specific and include detailed locations, places, landmarks, occurrences, events etc. that are of particular significance to South Devon and help illustrate how or where the special qualities, distinctive characteristics and natural beauty can be seen. Each
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