1962 · ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 211 Garland, William B., Jr., 05411191. Steele, Harry W. Winter, Norman E., Resolved, That the Secretary communi­ Johns, William C., 05701726. Stump, Charle&H. 05515143 cate these resolutions to the House of Rep­ Kise.I, John G ., 02292507. Turpin, William P ., IV Yeargan, Randall L. resentatives and transmit an enrolled copy Lewin, Mark H., 02297965. (NoTE.-All of th_ese officers (with the ex­ thereof to the family of the deceased. Pannell. Robert F., 05400483. ception of Melvin J. Granes and Joseph Mar­ Resolved, That as a further mark of re­ Poksay, Robert A., 02295574. kiewicz) were appointed during the last spect to the memory of the deceased, the Sande, Sigva.rt, 02287999. recess of the Senate.) Senate do now adjourn. Thornburg, La Monte F., 05700008. DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE To be first lieutenants, Veterinary Corps S. RES. 240 Ellis O. Briggs, of Maine, a Foreign Service Resolved., That the Senate has heard with Flowers, Herschel H., 04043890. officer of the class of career ambassador, to IDldebrant, Paul K., 04048537. profound sorrow the announcement of the be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni­ death of Honorable John J. Riley, late a To be first Zieutenant, Women's Army Corps potentiary of the of America Representative from the State of South to Spain, vice Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Murray, Ha.raldean, L2300412. Carolina. deceased. To be second lieutenant, Army Nurse Corps Resolved, That the Secretary communicate John M. Cabot, of the District of Colum­ these resolutions to the House of Repre­ Reinpold, Rita R., N5407284. bia, a Foreign Service· officer of the class of sentatives and transmit an enrolled copy career minister, to be Ambassador Extraor­ thereof to the family of the deceased. To be second lieutenants, Medical Service dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United Resolved, That as a further mark of re~ Corps States of America to Poland. Brown, Wallace J., 05307697. spect to the memory of the deceased, the Robert Mcclintock, of California, a For­ Senate do now adjourn. Coleman, Jerry B., 02299874. eign Service officer of class 1, to be Ambas­ Constable, Joseph F., 05212339. sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of S. RES. 241 Donley, Kenneth G ., W2207985. the United States of America to Argentina. Elsarelli, Leon E., 05209295. R esolved, That the Senate has heard with Greenhalgh, Donald L., 05700839...... •• profound sorrow the announcement of the Hahn, Ruediger, 02299402. • • death o! the Honorable Sam Rayburn, late Holzer, Donald B. Speaker of the House of Representatives of Hoxsey, George E., 05705938. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Seventy-sixth through the Seventy­ Huff, William H., III, 02298448. ninth, Eighty-first and Eighty-second, and Judy, Richard B., 05408204. MONDAY, JANUARY 15, 1962 Eighty-fourth through the first session of Ketelsen, Keith D. the Eighty-seventh Congress. Longley, Karl E., 02302236. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate McKee, Terry L., 02303989. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, these resolutions to the House of Repre­ O'Barr, Billy J. D.D., offered the following prayer: sentatives and transmit an enrolled copy Peacock, James L., 02298352. the foundations be de­ thereof to the family of the deceased. Sandleback, Eugene J., 02298294. Psalm 11: 3: If Resolved, That as a further mark of re­ Schafer, Thomas E., 05410603. strayed, what can the righteous do? spect to the mem.ory of the deceas.ed. the Severson, Joel S., 05512109. Eternal God, who art the refuge and Senate do now adjourn. Shelton, Edward J .• 05410576. shelter of the righteous, help us to un­ Sobocinskl, Philip z., 02297443. derstand more clearly that our Nation The message also announced that un­ Walker, James 0., Jr., 05410659. has no firm foundation upon which to der authority of Public Law 719, ap­ Weidner, Douglass S., 02302261. build and no bulwark against defeat and proved September 7. 1960, the Vice Presi­ dent had appointed Edward Fenner. of To be second lieutenants, Women's Army downfall unless we enlarge our faith in Thee and in spiritual values. Illinois, a member of the U.S. Citizens Corps Commission on NATO in place of Wil­ Slater, Suzanne, I.2298114. May the security and survival of the noblest way of life for which we are liam F. Knowland. of California, re­ Snell, Diane L., L5302029. signed. The following-named distinguished mm­ eagerly working and earnestly praying tary students for appointment in the Regu­ find their inspiration in the assurance of lar Army of the United States, in the grade Thy divine wisdom and power, Thy mercy BOARD OF REGENTS OF SMITHSO­ and corps specified, under the provisions of and loving kindness. NIAN INSTITUTION title 10, United States Code, sections 8283, Grant that daily we may yield our­ 8284, 3285, 8286, 8287, 8288, and 3290: selves to the sovereign and beneficent The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro­ visions of 20 U.S.C. 42, 43, the Chair ap­ To be second lieutenants, Medical Service will of our blessed Lord whose strength Corps is invincible and whose spirit will keep points as a member of the Board of Re­ gents of the Smithsonian Institution the Fulghum, Joe R., Jr. Perkins, Jacob H. us calm and courageous in days of dark­ gentleman from Ohio [Mr. KIRWAN} to Kirkpatrick, Harold C.,Phillips, Robert E., Jr. ness. 05412457 Rich, William J. To Thy name we ascribe the praise fill the existing vacancy thereon. McAllister, Hugh A., Wills, Alton G. and glory. Amen. Jr. MUSEUM OF' HISTORY AND TECH­ The following-named distinguished mili­ NOLOGY FOR SMITHSONIAN IN­ tary students for appointment in the Reg­ THE JOURNAL ular Army of the United States, in the grade The Journal of the proceedings of S II I O'I'ION of second lieutenant, under the provisions Thursday, January 11, 1962, was read The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro­ of title 10, United States Code, sections 3283, and approved. visions of section 4. Public Law 106, 84th 8284, 3285, 3286, 328'1, and 3288: Congress, the Chair appoints as a mem­ Allen, John R. Hood, Brian C. ber of the Joint Congressional Commit­ Anderson, Robert S. Hughes, William G. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT tee on Construction of a Building for a Avery, James W. Johnson, Thomas G. Museum of History and Technology for Bartholomew, Alan- Kelley, Edward M. A message in writing from the Presi­ son D., II Killgrove, Albert G. dent of the United States was communi­ the Smithsonian Institution the gentle­ Beadle, Norman L., La.Rue, Lowell G. cated to the House by Mr. Ratchford, man from Ohio [Mr. KIRWAN] to fill the 05412639 Maksimowski, Rich- one of his secretaries. existing vacancy thereon. Bond, Richard R. a.rd J. Boyd, Richard F. Markiewicz, Joseph Cartlich, George L., Mitchell, David G. DISPENSING WITH CALL OF CON­ III Napier, Joseph S. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE Christopher, George L. Newman, Nell E., A message from the Senate by Mr. SENT AND PRIVATE CALENDARS Cook, Ronal B. · 05412449 McGown, one of its clerks, announced Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask Culpepper. George V. Patete, Frank M., that the Senate had passed the follow­ unanimous consent that the call of the Damewood, John H. 05515258 Decker, David J. Quick, James B. ing resolutions: Consent Calendar today be dispensed Eian, John N. Rusk, James E. s. REs. 239 with. , Halbritter, Frederick Ryan. Wllllam E. Resolved, That the Senate has heard with The SPEAKER. Is there objection to P. Sharkls, Alan profound sorrow the· announcement of the the request of the gentleman from Okla­ Hawley, Gary D. Sims, Larry P. death of the Honorable Louis C. Rabaut, late homa? Hersey, Donald L. Solymos.y, Edmond S. a Representative from the State of Michigan. There was no objection. 212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE January 15

Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I make the support of the peoples of the world IN WASHINGTON-EX-CONGRESSMAN JOE the same request with respect to the call in its efforts to provide a forum for con­ STARNES SUFFERS FATAL HEART ATTACK of the Private Calendar tomorrow. ciliation of international tensions and Former Congressman Joe Starnes, Sr., col­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to conflicts and to assist developing coun­ lapsed and died in Washington Tuesday. the request of the gentleman from Okla­ tries with their medical, education, and The 66-year-old Guntersville attorney was representing his hometown in a hearing homa? social problems. Our membership in before the Interstate Commerce Commis­ There was no objection. the United Nations, beginning with the sion when he was stricken. San Francisco Conference in 1945, has A doctor said his death was caused by been endorsed by a broad range of bi­ coronary thrombosis. Starnes had suffered APPOINTMENT OF DEMOCRATIC partisan support from the leaders of our a severe heart attack 2 years ago, and a WHIP two great major political parties. I hope second attack last year. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask they will join with me in another move W. D. Newman, of Guntersville, was in to rea:tnrm our support in an organiza­ Washington yesterday to make arrange­ unanimous consent to address the House ments for bringing the body back to Gun­ for 1 minute. tion that is one of our best hopes for a tersvme. The SPEAKER. Is there objection just peace. Funeral arrangements will be announced to the request of the gentleman from by the family in Guntersville, probably Oklahoma? THE LATE HONORABLE JOE sometime today. There was no objection. Starnes is survived by his wife and two Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I take STARNES OF sons, Joe, Jr., of Guntersville, and Paul, of Elijay, Ga.; one brother, Hardin, of Gun­ this time-and it is with great pleasure Mr. RAINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ tersv111e; and two sisters, Mrs. John Siebold, that I do so-to advise the House of­ imous consent to address the House for of Guntersvme, and Mrs. G. D. Wells, of ficially that the great American and 1 minute. Albertvme. distinguished gentleman from Louisiana The SPEAKER. Is there objection A member of one of Marshall County's [Mr. BOGGS] will serve as Democratic to the request of the gentleman from most prominent families, Starnes was born whip of the House. Alabama? and reared in the Claysville community near There was no objection. Guntersville. Mr. RAINS. Mr. Speaker, last week a He attended high school in Guntersv111e, BILL TO PERMIT DEDUCTIONS served overseas during , then re­ former Member of the Congress and one turned to get his law degree at the Univer­ FROM INCOME TAX OBLIGATIONS of the leading citizens of my district sity of Alabama. FOR UNITED NATIONS CONTRI­ passed away while in Washington on be­ After graduating from the university, he BUTIONS half of his home town. I refer to the set up a law office in Guntersville which Mrs. GREEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, untimely death of Joe Starnes, of Gun­ he continued since that time. In recent tersville, Ala., a Member of the House years a son, Joe, Jr., has been his law part­ I ask unanimous consent to extend my ner there. remarks in the body of the RECORD at of Representatives from the 74th through the 78th Congresses. On April 10, 1918, he was married to the this point. former Della Whittaker of the Cottonville The SPEAKER. Is there objection Mr. Starnes died of a heart attack while appearing before the Interstate community. to the request of the gentlewoman from Later he taught school in Marshall Coun­ Oregon? Commerce Commission as a representa­ ty for 4 years. There was no objection. tive of the city of Guntersville. Starnes was elected to Congress in 1935, Mrs. GREEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, As a Member of the House he served and served for 10 years as the Representative today, I am introducing a bill that will on the Appropriations Committee and for this district. During this time he was provide an avenue for U.S. citizens to ex­ on the Un-American Activities Commit­ very active in setting up the TVA system, press their endorsement of the United tee. During World War II he served as and a number of other national programs. a colonel in the infantry in the European He served again in the oversea Army Nations not only by words but also in a Theater and he also served with the during World War II, and continued in the very tangible and meaningful way. Army of Occupation until his discharge National Guard until his retirement as a My measure will permit American tax­ in February 1946. He resumed the colonel a few years ago. payers to deduct from their individual practice of law in Guntersville and was Starnes was prominently identified with income taxes any contributions to the his work in a large number of religious, well known for many public services civic, and service organizations. United Nations and its specialized agen­ over the State. cies such as UNESCO. He served as State commander of the Mrs. Rains and I extend our deepest American Legion, and 2 years ago as presi­ The measure will enable supporters of sympathy to his wife and his two sons, dent of Civitan International. It was during the U.N. to wish the organization well Joe, Jr., and Paul, and I am sure that his term as Civitan president that he was at a time when crucial financial and many Members of the House will be stricken with a severe heart attack, and moral supports are needed. And it will saddened by his passing. doctors ordered him to cut back on some of provide Americans an opportunity to ex­ I include an editorial from the Sand his extra activities. press the view, shared by President Ken­ Mountain Reporter, also a news story A longtime member of the Guntersville nedy, that it takes more than arms to from the same newspaper: First Methodist Church, Starnes had served keep the peace. for many years on the official board and as a Too long, Mr. Speaker, have the sup­ JOE STARNES Sunday school teacher. For a number of Our area has suffered a great loss in the years he was an associate district lay leader. porters of the U.N. in this country been death of Joe Starnes, one of Marshall Coun­ silent in the face of unreasonable criti­ ty's most active and productive citizens. Mr. JONES of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, cisms directed against it by opponents Starnes first distinguished himself as our will the gentleman yield? whose views have been given unrepre­ Representative in Congress. Since he left Mr. RAINS. I yield to the gentleman sentative prominence. Some of the Congress, he had devoted much of his time, from Alabama. critics of the U.N. have narrow, selfish talent, and energy to church, civic, and com­ Mr. JONES of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, economic interests. And it has been well munity endeavors. In recent years. he served as State com­ the untimely passing of an old and stead­ publicized that a well-financed, lavish mander of the American Legion, then as fast friend causes acute grief, but when a campaign against the U.N. on behalf of president of Civitan International. It was great and good man goes, bereavement the so-called Katanga government has during his busy work as head of Civitan In­ is softened when we can recollect that been operating in freewheeling style in ternational that he was stricken with his his passage through this life blessed the United States. And it appears that first heart attack. Though doctors ordered those around him. some of this criticism may be coming him to give up most of his community serv­ Such a great and good man was my from organizations that enjoy tax­ ice and church activities, he found it diffi­ cult to give up this service to his fellow man, old and cherished friend, Joe Starnes, exempt status or claim to. and indeed continued to do more than he who served as a Representative here I do not have swollen expectations for should have for his own good. from 1935 through 1944. His was a life the U.N., Mr. Speaker. I do not believe Though his death leaves our area with a that many could envy and emulate. It it is an infallible organization. But I great void, the fruits of his labors will con­ was a career of vigor, activity and enter­ insist that the U.N. has richly earned tinue to be a monument to this good citizen. prise, arduous and demanding, but al- 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 213 ways in the service of the people of his PROPOSAL TO RESTRICT PRINTING Why should the taxpayers of this community, Alabama, and the Nation. OF CERTAIN EXTRANEOUS MAT­ country be required to pay for the dere­ He died while appearing before an Inter­ TER IN THE CONGRESSIONAL lictions of the Soviet bloc and certain state Commerce Commission hearing, RECORD other nations? How much longer do pleading for what he was convinced was the leaders of this Government propose worthy objective. His death was char­ Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, to submit American citizens to black­ acteristic of his life. I ask unanimous consent to address the mail by paying for the international de­ Joe Starnes was born of a fine, old House for 1 minute. linquency of , Cuba, and other Marshall County family in Guntersville, The SPEAKER. Is there objection nations? Ala., on March 31, 1895. Endowed with to the request of the gentleman from For 16 years the United States has all the attributes of a scholar, it is signi­ Missouri? been paying for more than its share to ficant of his gifts, that he was chosen There was no objection. keep the U.N. in business; now let the to teach elementary school, when he was Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, other members pay up the millions they only 17 years of age. When he was 22, I take this opportunity to announce that owe before ..we invest a single dollar in he left the classroom to enlist in the 53d I intend to press for consideration of the a phony bond issue. Infantry, 6th Division. He served with bill, H.R. 1173, which I introduced at the I have introduced a joint resolution­ distinction overseas and left the service beginning of the last session which would House Joint Resolution 595-to prohibit at the war's termination, with the rank amend the law to regulate and restrict the purchase of any U.N. bonds by the of lieutenant and was decorated with the printing of certain extraneous mat­ United States until such time as all mem­ the Silver Star. ter in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and ber nations have paid in full their share A war veteran, he entered the Univer­ limit the number of insertions of ex-. of the expenses of the organization, in­ sity of Alabama Law School and was traneous matter in the Appendix of the cluding the expenses of United Nations graduated in 1921. He was admitted to daily CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. operations in the Congo and the Gaza the bar that year and established a law I might say over the past few years, I strip. : practice in Guntersville. have made a rather comprehensive study I would urge those of you who feel as Actively interested in national defense of abuses that have grown up in the use I do about this vital matter to introduce he was a member of the 167th Infantry, or' the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, particu­ similar joint resolutions. Alabama National Guard since 1923 and larly as to the insertion in the body of attained the rank of colonel. His in­ the RECORD of irrelevant and extraneous terests in fostering better education matter that-- certainly should go in the THE LATE HONORABLE DON never flagged. Appendix of the daily RECORD. I think by looking_at the first two issues of the GINGERY He worked unremittingly for better CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of this session, Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask schools and was known statewide as a most people will agree that we need some unanimous consent to address the House champion of the teaching profession. He ground rules to determine how we shall for 1 minute, to revise and extend my became a member of the Alabama State use the privilege we have of expressing remarks and include a newspaper article. Board or" Education in 1933 and was vice not only our own thoughts but the The SPEAKER. Is there objection chairman since 1948. He was elected to thoughts of others through the use of to the request of the gentleman from the House for four successive terms. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I am hope­ Pennsylvania? · At the outbreak of World War II, he ful that I will have the support of other There was no objection. served as a colonel of Infan try in Europe Members in trying to make the RECORD Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, and in the Army of Occupation from reflect a true record of the proceedings of shortly after the adjournment of the 1st 1945 until 1946. He returned to Gun­ the House of Representatives. session of the 87th Congress my prede­ tersville and resumed his law practice. Mr. TEAGUE of California. Mr. cessor in Congress from Pennsylvania, It has been said that it requires no Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to the Honorable Don Gingery of Clear­ great magic to recall great men to life. extend my remarks at this point in the field, Pa., died after a brief illness. One only has to recall what their lives RECORD. I know that Members of Congress join meant to their fellowmen. Joe Starnes left an indelible stamp on the progress of The SPEAKER. Is there objection me in expressing sympathy to Mrs. Gin­ education, the law and community prog­ to the request of the gentleman from gery and the children. ress during very trying decades of this California? Mr. Gingery who served two terms in century. In the Congress and outside it · There was no objection. Congress was elected to the 74th Con.. he fought vigorously for our national Mr. TEAGUE of California. Mr. gress in 1934. He was reelected in 1936 defense. Speaker, as the gentleman from Mis­ to the 75th Congress. During his con­ We who were privileged to have his souri [Mr. JONES] knows, I, too, intro­ gressional career, Mr. Gingery served on friendship will miss Joe Starnes, but we duced last year a bill having ·to do with important committees and was recog­ can take comfort in remembering how reducing the mass of extraneous material nized in Pennsylvania as being among many gained from a life well spent in which appears in the CONGRESSIONAL the most prominent Democrats in the service. RECORD. I want him to know that I have Keystone State. no pride of authorship. I fully support The following account of the death of his bill and will do everything in my former Congressman Gingery appeared ANNUAL REPORT OF THE U.S. CIVIL power to see that it becomes law. in the October 16, 1961, issue of the SERVICE COMMISSION-MESSAGE · I congratulate him on his interest in Clearfield

upon them by the United Nations Ch~~­ ism under pro-Communist Indonesia a tation in the United Nations, could de­ ter. There were just too many pohti­ good thing? I have been unable to get mand the return of Manhattan Island cians and too few statesmen. any rationale on this question. In fact, together with the rest of the land that Now let us look at the record. Ac­ it has passed no resolutions of condem­ was legally theirs. You say this is fan­ cording to Trygve Lie, longtime Secre­ nation against Russia or any of its satel­ tastic? You would have said that the tary General of the United Nations, he lites or against the so-called neutral present situation in Cuba was a fan­ stated fiatly that there was a secret countries but busies itself with resolu­ tastic idea 10 years ago. agreement between Alger Hiss and tions of condemnation against our al­ You can expect to see a one world Molotov to the effect that the head of lies, such as Portugal, Holland, and government, Communist controlled, un­ the United Nations military staff should France. der the United Nations. You will see always be a Communist. That agree­ The power, the honor, and the prestige the United Nations run up astronomical ment has never been broken, and . we of America have fallen from their high debts which we, under the terms of the have had a succession of Commun~sts point in 1945 to an absolute zero today. treaty, are bound to pay. filling that post, the present one bemg The action in Katanga is nothing short In a book by William Z. Foster, former Mr. Arkadov. As a first consequence of of lunacy. Not a voice was raised in head of the Communist Party, U.S.A., this treasonous agreement, this count:y the United Nations when Syria with­ entitled "Toward Soviet America," he lost its first military engagement m drew from the United Arab Republic, but gives a complete blueprint of the con­ that same organization sent troops into Korea at a cost to this country of ~ore quest of America by the international than $20 billion and 145,000 American the Congo to prevent self-determination Communist conspiracy. It is as clear casualties, to say nothing of the honor of a civilized and Christian province a blueprint as given by Adolf Hitler in and prestige of this Nation. which did not want to be a part of a "Mein Kampf." Following .are some of This was the first war in which we Communist-controlled Congo. the things you may look for under the engaged not as the United States mili­ Our defeat in the abortive Cuban in­ controlled Communist America as stated vasion can be laid on the doorstep of the by William Z. Foster: tary for~e, but as a United Nations force, United Nations, as the United Nations although we contributed 90 percent of treaty prohibits us from engaging in any The final aim of the Communist inter­ the men and the money. How. con­ national is to overthrow world capitalism military operations without the consent and replace it by world communism. • • • venient this was to the Commumsts to of the United Nations Security Council have one of their own men as head of The Communist Party of the United in which Russia holds the veto power. States • • • is the American section of the the United Nations military staff, who At this point, Mr. Speaker, may I remind Communist international. The Communist reviewed all orders going from the Pen­ the Members of the House and the peo­ international carries out a united revolu­ tagon to General MacArthur and gave ple of America that the Cuban situatio.n tionary program on a world scale. • • • them to our enemy before General Mac­ was not even mentioned in the Presi­ The American Soviet government wlll be or­ Arthur received them. The ene~y, dent's state of the Union message on ganized along the broad lines of the Rus­ which consisted of the Red Comm~mst January 11 although the so-called white sian Soviets. • • • Under the dictatorship army and Russian equipment ai:id filers, all the capitalist parties-Republican, Demo­ paper issued by the Department of State cratic, Progressive, Socialist, etc.-wm be was driven back to the Yalu ~iver and declares that Cuba constitutes a Sino­ liquidated. • • • Likewise, will be dissolved given sanctuary on the other side. Gen­ Soviet bridgehead in the Western Hemi­ all other organizations-including chambers eral MacArthur could have destroyed sphere and that the military power of of commerce, employers' associations, Rotary the enemy in short order had he been Cuba is second only to that of the United Clubs, American Legion, YMCA, and such permitted to pursue them across the States in the Western Hemisphere due, of fraternal orders as the Masons, Odd Fellows, river from whence they came. ~ecause course to the millions of dollars of ar­ Elks, Knights of Columbus, etc.-lawyers will General MacArthur could not m good mame{its, equipment, and technicia~ be abolished. The press, the motion pictures, conscience follow these orders, he was the radio, the theater, will be taken over by and money furnished by the Commurust the Government • • • Studies will be revo­ recalled and the Korean war ended in countries to Fidel Castro. Why, I ask, lutionized, being cleansed of religious, patri­ dismal def eat. . was not this clear and present danger to otic and other features of the bourgeois ideol­ We were sold the U.N. on a .promise the security of our country discussed in ogy. • • • The decisions of the Soviets are of peace, but we failed to reahze t~at the state of the Union message together enforced by the armed red guard. • • • Citi­ this peace was to be on Commun~st with a proposal to dispel this danger? zenship is restricted to those who do useful terms; in fact, it was to be a total vi.c­ Let me put this in very simple and work, capitalists, landlords, clericals and tory for the inter~ati?nal .commumst understandable terms so that no one can other nonproducers being disfranchised. conspiracy. Our faith m this hope was • • • In the so-called black belt of the misunderstand it. This situation is anal­ South where the Negroes are in the majority, so :firm that we were lulled into a st~te ogous to having a rattlesnake in the they will have the fullest right to govern of false security while the Commu~ist bedroom and father ignores this danger themselves and also such white minorities as world gobbled up 13 or 14 countrie~. to his f~mily and starts blithely o:ff on may live in this section. • • • Where the bringing 800 million people under their a big game hunt in Africa leaving mama party elects its candidates to legislative domination. Russia has used the veto and the children to cope with the rattle­ bodies they make use of these public forums power nearly a hundred times. The to bring forward the Communist program snake in the bedroom. • • • the trade unions are the great schools United Nations has been completely un­ Mr. Speaker, how silly can we get to able to bring any degree of peace, 8:~d for communism. • • • Religion has sancti­ relinquish the right to protect our Na­ fied every war and every tyrant, no matter Russia itself has created 13 or 14 mill­ tion against Communist invasion in the how murderous and reactionary. • • • The tary confiicts between the East and the Western Hemisphere? If we continue free American woman, like her Russian sister, West. our membership in this organization, you wlll scorn the whole of bourgeois sex hypoc­ . The United Nations has not as yet can look to see this Nation condemned risy and prudery. passed a resolution of censorship against for having our naval base at quanta­ Russia for its Hungarian blood bath but Our Declaration of Independence con­ namo Bay, Cuba. You can also look to cludes with these words: rather stood idly by and helped to be­ see us condemned for owning the Pan­ tray the Hungarian freedom :fighters into And for the support of this Declaration, ama Canal, and the same 66 votes which with a firm reliance on the protection of the hands of Russia. It could not even threw France out of its legal position in get a censorship resolutiori against In­ divine providence, we mutually pledge to Bizerte can vote us out of Guantanamo each other our lives, our fortunes, and our dia for its military invasion of Portu­ and out of Panama. You can see, and sacred honor. guese enclaves. with reason, demanding through Further, Mr. Speaker, what may I the United Nations all of that territory This is a full and complete acknowl­ ask is the United Nations doing to pre­ taken from them under the Treaty of edgment of divine guidance. Nowhere vent President Sukarno, of Indonesia, Guadalupe Hidalgo fallowing the Mex­ in the United Nations Charter or any from carrying out his military attack ican War in 1848. You can see Russia of its subsidiaries do you find any refer­ against the island possession of Holland demanding the return of Alaska because ence to a Supreme Being. The Bible which lies more than a thousand miles we only paid them $17 million when it says: away from Indonesia? Is colonialism is really worth billions and certainly the Unless the Lord build an house, they labor under Holland a bad thing but colonial- American Indians, if they had represe~- in vain who build it. 216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 15 There is, indeed, no evidence of the ization investigated thoroughly by the Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, under leave Lord's work in the United Nations. Senate Internal Security Subcommittee to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I I know that I will be accused of being and described as follows: include the following article from Na­ irresponsible and fanatical, but I find The effective leadership of the IPR used tion's Business of January 1962: myself in good company. The testi- IPR prestige to promote the interests of the BENEFIT TO UNITED STATES ONLY A MYTH mony of five of our greatest fighting Soviet Union in the United States. (By U.S. Representative NOAH M. MASON) men, General Clar~. General Van Fleet, The object of this IPR was, in 1944, When the first extension of the Reciprocal General Stratemeyer, Admiral Joy, and to force the Chinese Government to Trade Agreements Act came to a vote in Lieutenant General Almond, before the adopt reform measures and make con­ February 1937 I was 1 of 13 Members of Jenner committee in 1954, is summed up cessions to the Chinese Communists the House who voted "No." It was my first in the words of General Stratemeyer: which would pave the way for seizure by important vote in Congress. I have never We were required to lose the Korean war. regretted that "no" vote. Soviet forces. In fact, I have voted "No" every time the Lord Beaverbrook, noted British pub­ The IPR leadership sought to bring act has been extended since then. Those lisher, said: into public discussion at a vital meeting first 13 "no" votes have gradually increased Here in New York City, you Americans internal conditions in so that until today there are more than 200 votes in have the biggest fifth column in the Chiang Kai-shek would be criticized for the House against further extension of the world-the United Nations. the internal situation in China. act. Dr. Bunche is on record as supporting The word "reciprocal" ls a misnomer. It At this point, may I say, Mr. Speaker, the position of the IPR leadership in ls anything but reclpro~al. Our trade pro­ that Alger Hiss recommended the first this matter. gram has developed into a one-way street 500 employees for the United Nations. with the benefits all flowing one way-away It is my considered opinion that Dr. from the United States. What has it ac­ Then, after that, the late Robert Taft Bunche must be considered a security complished? said: risk for our country in any position The four reasons given for its enactment The U.N. has become a trap. Let's go it which he may hold. in the first place were that it would: alone. This "troika" arrangement, engineered Advance world peace; Make for world prosperity; said: by the Communists, is frightening and devastating when you consider the Bring about amity among the nations; Unless the U.N. is completely reorganized Remove world trade barriers. without the Communist nations in it, we United States of America has no foreign Has it accomplished any one of these four should get out of it. policy of its own except the United objectives? Nations. Has world peace been advanced? During said: Lincoln once said: the 27 years the act has been on the books Don't pay attention to the U.N. If destruction be our lot, we ourselves must we have had World War II. We have had be the author and finisher. the Korean war. We have had the so-called Charles de Gaulle has warned the U.N. Spanish Civil War. We have had 14 years of to stay out of Algiers. This is it, Mr. Speaker. If this Re­ war in Indochina. We have trouble between Now, Mr. Speaker, let us look at the public is to perish, we ourselves, within England and , between and Pakis­ present management of the United Na­ our own household, will be the architect tan. We have had Communist Russia ex­ tions. Russia had been demanding a and finisher of our fate. tending her Iron Curtain until she now has troika to supplant the U .N. Secretariat control and domination over 900 million peo­ after the death of Hammarskjold. The ple instead of the 300 million people of the failure of Russia to secure this troika OUR RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREE­ Soviet Union before the close of World War was hailed as a great victory for the MENTS PROGRAM II. Can anyone truthfully say world peace has been advanced? West, but was it? U Thant of Burma, Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I ask a self-styled Marxist, was chosen and What about world prosperity, the second unanimous consent to address the House objective? Are we any nearer world pros­ he agreed to invite a limited number of for 1 minute and to revise and extend perity today than we were in 1934 when the U.N. under secretaries "to act as my my remarks. program was instituted? principal advisers on important ques­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection To try to bring about world prosperity tions." So far he has indicated two: to the request of the gentleman from we have given away more than $140 bill1on in Georgy P. Arkadov, a Communist from Illinois? the past 20 years--$60 bllUon lend-lease dur­ the Soviet Union, and Ralph Bunche of There was no objection. ing the war and $80 blllion since-to say the United States. This was a Com­ Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, one of the nothing of the $350 billion we have spent for munist victory in that Russia now has most important questions that will con­ national defense in the cold war. its troika: one an avowed Marxist, the front this Congress is the question in Certainly our prosper! ty has not been ad­ second a dedicated Communist, and the reference to our reciprocal trade agree­ vanced. We are more than $285 b1lllon in third with a pro-Communist bias. A ments program. Shall we extend it? debt today, which is more than all the other resume of Dr. Bunche's record, prepared nations of the world put together owe­ Shall we broaden it? Shall we discard it and more than twice as much as all the na­ by Archibald B. Roosevelt, son of Theo­ and give the President additional power dore Roosevelt, includes this paragraph: tions of Europe put together owe. to make trade treaties which is asked What about the third objective? Is good Dr. Bunche was part of the editorial ap­ for? wm or amity among the nations any nearer paratus of an openly Communist magazine, This question has been presented pro today than It was before 1934? Science and Society, for over 4 years. He contributed to this publication and added and con in Nation's Business of January Let us be specific:· Has the relationship his name and prestige as a professor of of this year. between India and improved since Howard Unwersity even after the Commu­ The new majority whip has stated in 1934? Between Palestine and Arabia? Be­ nists in their publication, The Communist, his article that we should give the Presi­ tween and Yugoslavia? Between Com­ munist China and Nationalist China? Be­ openly stated that Science and Society maga­ dent extended powers. I have stated in tween the United States and Cuba? What zine had as its function "to help Marxward my article that we should not, and that about our relations with Russia? Are they moving students and intellectuals to come we should take back some of the consti­ improved? closer to MarXism-Lenlnism; to bring Com­ tutional powers given him in connection What about internal dissensions and munist thought into academic circles." with reciprocal trade agreements. strife? Italy with her 36 percent Communist In a Senate probe by the Internal Security Mr. Speaker, I urge all Members to vote in the last election; France with a na­ Subcommittee it was brought out that Dr. read both sides of the question. tional legislature that is 25 percent Com­ Bunche had repeatedly pressured persons. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent munist? What about England torn between in charge of U.N. employment to hire a no­ to include my article in the RECORD, her socialist Labor Party and her Conserva­ torious Communist agent, in spite of the tive Party? fact that here was a derogatory report against and I hope that the new whip on the Have good will and amity among men been the individual by a .security agency of the majority side will also include his article. advanced by the Reciprocal Trade Agree­ Government. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ments ~ct? My answer ls: Not so anybody. the request of the gentleman from Illi-. can notice It. Dr. Bunche was a high official in the nois? Finally, have world trade barriers been Institute of Pacific Relations, an organ- There was no objection. reduced or removed? Do we have a freer 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 217 flow of goods today across national borders tariff reductions and the greatly increased ration, Mr. Kennedy at least cautiously than we had in 1934? imports of those articles. acknowledged: While world taritl' walls have been low­ 4. Thousands of lead and zinc miners ered, other obstacles or barriers more are today out of work and on rellef because In Latin America, Communist agents seek­ effective than tariffs have been erected in of greatly increased imports of both lead and ing to exploit that region's peaceful revolu­ their place-among them import and export zinc. Recently our zinc factories have been tion of hope have established a base in Cuba. licenses, tra.de preferences, currency manip­ reducing their working forces or going on This year, however, Cuba is not so ulations, multiple currencies, quotas, sub­ a part-time basis because of the importation much as mentioned. sidies, state trading, and the European of processed zinc. Common Market freezeout. 5. An excellent example of the way import The President voiced only the mean­ It is a fact, and we must face it, that, licenses work is the American motorcycle. ingless generalization-itself factually under the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, American producers formerly enjoyed a sub­ questionable, to say the least-that "the practically every foreign country that has stantial market for motorcycles in Great blight of communism has been increas­ lowered its tariff walls has erected other Britain, in Australia, and in other British ingly exposed and isolated in the Amer­ barriers against U.S. imports, thereby nulli­ areas. The British duty on motorcycles was icas." He did boast of our intervention fying the effect of their tariff concessions or reduced under the Reciprocal Trade Agree­ ments Act, but the British import license against the non-Communist dictatorship reductions. in the Dominican Republic. And, of In the face of these facts-,sing ceedings could mean a substantial realine­ Du Pont stockholders receiving distribu­ activities of wholesale buying groups in the ment in the CommiEsion's activities. It tions of GenerP.l Motor3 stock as the automotive parts industry, fictitious pricing should be emphasized once again that these result of the May 22, 1961, Supreme and deceptive guaranty practices in the recommendations suggest no abatement in Court order that Du Pont must divest watch industry, deceptive labeling of reproc­ the Commission's fundamental adjudica­ itself of its 63 million shares of General essed motor oils, misrepresentations of hair tive work; but they do contemplate a strong, Motors stock within 10 years. This di­ restoring remedies, to list a few. If such new emphasis upon the solution of industry­ practices were approached on a quasi-legis­ wide problem areas through rulemaking pro­ vestiture order is the result of a decision lative basis, these could be likely ad­ cedures as a supplement to the Commission's of the Supreme Court that Du Pont's vantageous: present enforcement responsibilities. In holdings of General Motors stock is in 1. The problem of equitable treatment fact, it is quite posEible that case-by-case violation of the Clayton Antitrust Act. among competitors would be simplified. At application of a prior fixed rule would in­ H.R. 8&47 has had an unusual legis­ the conclusion of the whole rulemaking pro­ volve a far narrower, less complicated range lative history. Although the Supreme ceeding, in which all would have had an of issues than under the present procedures Court ruling holding that the divestiture opportunity to participate, all members of with a consequential increase in the number must proceed was as recent as May 22, the industry would be equally informed of and effectiveness of the Commission's ad­ the Commission's ruling as to the practice judicative efforts. 1961, and the matter is still within the in question. This would require more than a realine­ discretion of the district court as to just 2. The existence of an authoritative, pro­ men t. It would require also a competent when the divestiture must proceed the hibitory statement by the Commission car­ legal and economic staff at the Commission issue of the tax treatment of involuntary rying with it formal, enforceable sanctions and the sympathetic cooperation of Ameri­ divestitures resulting from antitrust de­ with respect to a given practice would have can businessmen as well. They must ap­ crees is not new nor are tax issues in an extremely strong deterrent effect upon preciate the basic fact that effective anti­ the Du Pont case new. Congress could the members of the industry. trust enforcement is the most probusiness have acted generally in this area since 3. Subsequent quasi-judicial proceedings public policy ever developed by the genius against recalcitrant members of the indus­ of American democracy. Its sole objective is 1957. try would be immensely simplified because to insure the preservation of a competitive There is no justification for the hasty these proceedings would involve only the enterprise system. Too often businessmen manner in which the issues involved in factual issue of whether the rule had been miss this point. It is no accident of eco­ the Du Pont divestiture have been con­ violated. The effect of the act producing the nomic and political history that nations sidered by the Ways and Means Ccm­ violation would not be an issue in subse­ with truly competitive economies have never mittee and the House of Representatives. quent proceedings. embraced totalitarian creeds, either of the Actually the issues are not complex, Such procedures could endow the Com­ fascistic or communistic variety. nor are the alternative courses of action mission with a new, far-ranging flexibility. A vigorous and informed antitrust en­ For example, the present case-by-case ap­ forcement program is just as important to complex. proach is cumbersome and poorly adapted businessmen as it ls to labor, farmers, and What seem to be the true issues are in many instances to keeping pace with the consumers. After all, we are all in the same becoming alarmingly clear. Is the Con­ commercial innovations of a dynamic econ­ economic boat, and it is driven by the enter­ gress of the United States to become a omy. The regular emergence of new types prise system. It then inevitably follows that court of appeals for powerful economic of distribution outlets, new methods of dis­ public officials must have the economic facts forces seeking special privilege? Are we tribution, new selling devices, and ever- necessary to make informed judgments as to going to have government by law which how competitive processes may be preserved. relates to general situations or are we 28 Cf. Manhattan General Equipment Co. v. As has been mentioned earlier, the case Commissioner, 297 U.S. 129 (1936). approach to antitrust problems is not ade­ going to have government for special 27 Compare Skidmore v. Swift & Co., 323 quate for many of our problems. The great groups and special cases? U.S. 134 (1944), with American Telephone & danger of relying solely on this approach is There was a time when the people Telegraph Co. v. U.S., 299 U.S. 232 (1936). that it strikes only at individual firms and could count on the fourth estate, the See Griswold, "A Summary of the Regula­ often fails to develop the economic facts press, to alert them to the attempts tions Problem," 54 Harv. L. Rev. 398, 411 necessary to develop adequate remedy. It which are made from time to time to (1951). cannot be emphasized too strongly that we provide government by men instead of 28 " 'Interpretative' rules---as merely inter­ must make reliable economic understanding government by law. pretation of statutory provisions---are subject the cornerstone of any legal edifice con­ to plenary review, whereas 'substantive rules' structed to insure the maintenance of a In this instance it appears as if the involve a maximum of administrative discre­ competitive economy. press is in cahoots with the operation. tion." Senate Committee Print, S. Doc. No. The case approach is especially effective Why else has there been such minimal 248, 79th Cong., 2d sess., p. 18 (1946). when two assumptions are fulfilled: ( 1 )" a reporting of the unusual aspects of the 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 223 handling of this legislation and the benefits taxpayers in the higher income 8847, if it becomes law, each party in­ failure to report what some of us have brackets. volved will have to go hat in hand to the pointed out are the basic issues? The impact upon the market value of Justice Department to receive an assur­ I am not unfriendly to the claim of General Motors stock from an unloading ance of no Presidential veto and then inequity by the Du Pont Co. which would of large quantities of shares will not try to get Congress to pass a special bill . result if the divestiture order went affect an investor who has bought and of relief. through as presently ordered. I am not is holding General Motors shares as an This is government by men, not gov­ one who feels that the decision of the investment. It will, it is true, affect a ernment by law. Its implications are Supreme Court, which declared the Du stockholder who is holding General Mo­ dangerous and sinister. Pont holdings of General Motors stock tors stock as a speculation. The bulk was a violation of the Sherman Anti­ of the stockholders, particularly in the Trust Act, was a proper or a wise deci­ lower income brackets, are investors­ TELECASTING, BROADCASTING, AND sion. not speculators. I am not speaking PHOTOGRAPHING PUBLIC COM­ Why then did I at 8 o'clock on the eve­ against stock speculation. I believe it MITTEE HEARINGS OF THE ning of September 19, 1961, take the :floor has an important part to play in keeping HOUSE of the House to oppose the passage of a sound and free market. However, I The SPEAKER. Under previous or­ H.R. 8847? My reasons were stated then would point out that speculation must der of the House, the gentleman from and may be read verbatim as given with­ contemplate all manner of changes-eco­ Michigan [Mr. MEADER] is recognized out change in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, nomic, political, as well as social. I see for 10 minutes. volume 107, part 15, page 20323. Why no justification for special congressional Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, I ask did the press fail to report the points action to relieve a speculator of some unanimous consent to revise and extend I tried to drive home at this time? of the risk he has assumed. On the con­ my remarks and to include extraneous Why does Congressional Quarterly, trary, I see strong reasons against such matter. which devotes two pages in the January action. The SPEAKER. Is there objection 12, 1962, issue to the Du Pont case, fail to I am concerned about stockholders in to the request of the gentleman from refer to these points, indeed fail to even the higher income brackets who are es­ Michigan? point out that these points were ad­ sentially investors and the inequity a There was no objection. vanced? forced sale imposes upon them. The Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, earlier I shall mention the unusual proce­ primary inequity results from the impact this afternoon I announced that I in­ dural aspects followed, and then move to of post-World War II infiation on the tended on tomorrow to discuss the Rules the substantive issues involved. The capital gain their holdings will refiect. of the House insofar as they relate to Ways and Means Committee made little However, I must state that the damage the authority of committees to permit or no attempt to consider the Du Pont done by infiation locking in investment telecasting, broadcasting, and photo­ case as an example which suggested is damaging all holders of securities ac­ graphing of their public hearings. amending our basic law in respect to the quired before 1945 and adversely affect­ Subsequently, after conferring with tax treatment of involuntary divestitures ing our entire economy. There is a the Speaker, it seemed it might be ap­ resulting from antitrust violation de­ legitimate case of inequity on the part propriate to raise the parliamentary in­ crees by the courts where criminality of the higher bracket taxpayers who hold quiry tomorrow; and I shall seek recog­ was not involved. The representatives Du Pont and General Motors stock. nition as soon after the commencement of the Treasury Department who sat in The only point I am making is that it of the session tomorrow as possible for the executive sessions in considering this is wrong to appeal to the public or any­ the purpose of propounding a parlia­ legislation made no effort to relate the one else on the grounds that it is the mentary inquiry on this subject. specific case to general law. The Justice little investor who will be damaged if So that Members may be advised, I Department officials had little or no this legislation does not pass. intend under permission granted to in­ comment to make on how legislation of I am quite aware of the need for try­ corporate in my remarks a brief which this nature would bear upon antitrust ing to tone down the demagogs who I prepared and delivered to the Speaker enforcement, or whether the specific case would be in full hue and cry if it was on Friday last in which I set forth my indicated that the antitrust laws re­ publicly known that this bill was only interpretation of the rules and the prece­ quired amendment. for the benefit of higher income taxpay­ dents insofar as they bear upon this The Ways and Means Committee voted ers. This is one of the tragedies that we · question; and also set forth my reasons out H.R. 8847, which at least was couched face today in considering intelligently for the belief that this authority in com­ in language which made it general law much of the legislation presented to the· mittees to permit the telecasting and even though the specifications were such Congress. broadcasting of their public hearings is that the bill in effect applied only to the However, I believe it is important that Du Pont situation. The Rules Commit­ in the public interest. demagoguery be faced frontally, not ·I have discussed this question infor­ tee granted a rule on this bill. through the employment of deceit. Word came down from the Justice De­ mally with Speaker McCORMACK and in My suggestion for amending the in­ correspondence with him, a copy of partment to the Du Pont interests that voluntary divestiture section of the tax H.R. 8847 was too broad and it would be which I incorporate at this point in my vetoed unless it were amended ex-· code is quite simple. Permit the district remarks: fu court judge who has found that an anti­ THE SPEAKER'S ROOMS, plicitly relate only to the Du Pont case. trust violation has occurred and has al­ U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, The Ways and Means Committee was ready the authority to order the terms of Washington, D.C., January 12, 1962. called into unusual session to adopt an Hon. GEORGE MEADER, amendment which restricted the bill by a divestiture to also state the tax in­ cidence the divestiture is to receive, ordi­ U.S. House of Representatives, name to the Du Pont case in accordance nary income or capital gain treatment. Washington, D.C. with the Attorney General's dictate. DEAR GEORGE: I am in receipt of your let­ There was no time for a dissenting The district judge is the one who has ter of January 5, with enclosures, also your Member-and my dissent to the entire gone into the equities of the specific case letter of January 12, with enclosures, in re­ handling of this matter was a matter of of antitrust violation. He stretches out lation to "authority of House committees to the period for allowing divestiture or permit news coverage of their public hear­ record-to prepare and file minority ings by telecasting, broadcasting, and pho­ views. shortens it out depending upon the eco­ nomic impact and the equities involved. tography • • •" which I shall read and study The bill came on the :floor of the House with special interest. As you can appreciate, late in the evening, late in the session, It is no strain to the tax law to permit I am not in a position at the present time to in a climate that was hardly conducive him to state the terms of tax trea_tment give a specific answer to the question raised to careful review and consideration. as ordinary income or capital gain the by you in your two letters and enclosures. Now to the issues. First, the only tax­ divested investment should receive. However, your views as expressed in your let­ As it is, we have pending before Ways ters and enclosutes will receive my serious payers benefiting from H.R. 8847 are tax­ consideration and attention. payers who are in an income bracket and Means other cases of involuntary With kind personal regards, I am, above 25 percent. The capital gain divestitures resulting from antitrust vio­ Sincerely yours, treatment of 25 percent, of course, only lations. Under the precedence of H.R. JoHN W. McCORMACK, Speaker. 224 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 15 JANUARY 12, 1962. I believe the above question should be televised press conferences to inform the Hon. JOHN W. McCORMACK, answered "yes." In support of this con­ public of their activities and their views Speaker of the House of Representatives, clusion, I submit the following: and thus to influence public opinion. Washington, D.C. Committees of the U.S. Senate, which DEAR MR. SPEAKER: In my letter to you of L FULL AND ACCURATE REPORTING OF HOUSE January 5, 1962, concerning the authority of COMMITrEE PUBLIC HEARINGS IS IN THE PUB­ has no inhibition against telecasting and House committees to permit news coverage LIC INTEREST broadcasting committee hearings, have of their public hearings by telecasting, Under our system of government, ul­ become familiar to every household in broadcasting, and photography, I indicated timate decisions on national policy are America. Why should the House of Rep­ that I would submit a brief in support of my made by sovereign citizens through their resentatives deny itself the use of mod­ contention that House rules vest such power ern media of communic'ation to let the in committees. participation in the election process and through their elected representatives. American people know what it is doing I enclose herewith the brief referred to and how it is studying the problems of and will shortly discuss with you an appro­ This system depends for its success upon priate time to raise this parliamentary complete and accurate information being the Nation in its public committee hear­ question. available to the electorate about the pub­ ings? Sincerely, lic business. It seems to me beyond question that GEORGE MEADER. Any measures which help to provide it is in the public interest that House full and accurate information to the pub­ committees be allowed, in their discre­ JANUARY 5, 1962. lic contribute to the formulation of a tion, to permit coverage of their public Hon. JOHN W. McCORMACK, sound, factual foundation for public hearings by all media of communication, Washington, D.C. opinion and wise decisions by the peo­ including telecasting, broadcasting, and DEAR JOHN: As I told you over the phone still and motion photography. yesterday afternoon, it is my intention to ple. Conversely, anything which ob­ request a parliamentary ruling early in the structs or inhibits the flow of information II. HOUSE RULES AUTHORIZE COMMITTEES TO coming session on the authority of House about public business to the electorate ALLOW THE UTILIZATION OF ALL MEDIA OF committees to permit news coverage of their tends to create a distorted or incomplete COMMUNICATION TO REPORT THEIR PUBLIC public hearings by telecasting, broadcasting factual foundation for public opinion HEARINGS and photogiaphy. and invites unwise decisions. It is my contention that the rules of As you know, I have taken an interest in Accordingly, it would seem clearly in the House invest in committees juris­ this subject during my entire service in the the public interest to permit the full and diction to allow the coverage of their House and propounded a parliamentary in­ public hearings by all media of com­ quiry to Speaker Rayburn early in the 84th free use of modem media of communica­ Congress. When Speaker Rayburn ruled ad­ tion, including telecasting, broadcasting, munication, which in the previous sec­ versely, I sought to clarify any doubt in the and still and motion photography, to tion of this brief, I have demonstrated rules of the House by offering resolutions to provide information to the public con­ was clearly in the public interest. amend the rules. cerning the public hearings of House Rule XI. Clause 26 (a). The rules ot the February 22 of last year I testified in sup­ committees. House are the rules of its committees so port of my resolution before the Rules Com­ This is particularly true in our mod­ far as applicable, except that a motion to mittee. Enclosed are tearsheets from the ern society where the activities of our recess from day to day ls a motion of high CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of February 17, 1961 Federal Government have become ex­ privilege in committees. Committees may and February 23, 1961, containing a discus­ adopt additional rules not inconsistent sion of this subject and also a copy of panded and complex, and where the leg­ therewith. House Resolution 173. islative branch is required more and Rule XI. Clause 26(g). All hearings con­ So far as I can recall, in your capacity as more to depend upon the specialization ducted by standing committees or their sub­ majority leader you did not participate in that is possible only through the com­ committees shall be open to the public, ex­ any of these discussions, and I am unaware mittee system to engage in serious and cept executive sessions for making up bills of your personal views on the desirability of penetrating study of specific national or for voting or where the committee by a television, radio, and photographic coverage problems. majority vote orders an executive session. of public hearings of House committees. I hope you will agree that such coverage is in The committee hearing is the public It is my contention that the Legisla­ the public interest and that the House rules forum where Government omcials, tive Reorganization Act of 1946, which now authorize committees in their discretion spokesmen for assoeiations, and groups, was made a part of the Standing Rules to allow such coverage of their public hear­ and individual citizens can present their of the House on January 3, 1953, requires ings. In the event you are of the opinion facts, their arguments, and their views "all hearings conducted by standing that the existing language in House rules on questions of national interest. The committees or their subcommittees" to does not authorize committees to permit conflicting points of view, the inter­ be open to the public. Coupled with the such news coverage, I hope you will support change between members and witnesses, a clarification in the way of an amendment authority in rule XI 26 to "adopt and the very manner in which the com­ additional rules not inconsistent with to the rules. mittee develops a factual record for con­ As I mentioned to you, I have also dis­ House rules," a committee is clothed cussed this matter with CONGRESSMAN FRAN­ sideration of proposed legislation are with sufllciently broad authority, not CIS WALTER who advised me he had also matters which the American public is only to permit citizens to be present in spoken with you and believed that tele­ entitled to know fully and accurately. person as spectators, but to permit rep­ vision, radio, and photographic coverage of The use of telecasting, broadcasting, resentatives of the press, television, House committee public hearings not only and photography at public hearings to radio, and photography not only to be was desirable but that it was permissible inform the public about the activities of present as spectators, but to employ their under the rules of the House as they now House committees will promote public stand. particular media of communication in Before propounding a parliamentary in­ knowledge of House committees and reporting to the public the hearings of quiry, of which, of course, I would give you their work and thus enhance the pres­ the committee, subject of course, to such ample notice, I hope to prepare a brief in tige and the influence on our national limitations, conditions, and regulations support of my contention that the rules life of what has been described as the as the committee, in its judgment, may and precedents of the House can properly greatest parliamentary body in the see flt to impose. be interpreted to authorize House commit­ world's history. tees to permit news coverage of their public The foregoing interpretation of the It is a peculiar quirk of the human rules would seem to be reasonable and hearings by all forms and media of mind that what one does not know communciation. fair. about, for that person does not exist. Unfortunately, however, the parlia­ Sincerely, To the extent a blackout or a partial GEORGE '.MEADER. mentary rulings of the last 10 years blackout is maintained over the activ­ have cast doubt on what would at first The brief is in two parts, and I will ities of House committees, the public seem to be proper application of clear now read it. I hope Members will con­ knowledge, and acceptance of the work language of the House rules. cern themselves with this very important of the House is diminished and, in com­ question: parison with other agencies of our Fed­ PAST PARLIAMENTARY RULINGS May Com:mittees of the House of Repre­ eral Government, its prestige, its in· . In the 82d Congress the Speaker, Mr. sentatives, in their discretion, permit tele­ fiuence, and its importance suffer. Rayburn, in answer to a parliamentary casting, broadcasting, and photography of Both President Eisenhower and Presi­ inquiry propounded by the then minority their public hearings? dent Kennedy have effectively utilized leader, Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts, 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 225 ruled that committees had no power to those decisions to televise were made by the House of Represe:'ltatlves, and the Chair is authorize telecasting or broadcasting of committees themselves. entirely right about that. their public hearings on the grounds Mr. Speaker, for clarification of the rules Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, and so that we may understand what may if the gent~eman will yield, it is not quite as that the rules of the House, which are be expected from now on, I submit my par­ clear as all that. expressly made the rules of its commit­ liamentary inquiry. Mr. RANKIN. I hope the rule will never tees, are silent and do not expressly au­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to be changed, myself. thorize committees to permit telecasting be heard. and broadcasting of their hearings. The SPEAKER. The gentleman cannot be In the 83d Congress under Speaker The parliamentary inquiry and the heard on the parliamentary inquiry of the MARTIN, of Massachusetts, without any ruling on it were prompted by hearings gentleman from Massachusetts. formal ruling, House committees were being held at that time by the House Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to authorized to permit telecasting and Un-American Activities Committee in answer his r9.l'liamentary inquiry. broadcasting of their proceedings and­ The SPEAKER. The Chair is ready to rule. did, in fact, allow such broadcasting and the city of Detroit. Until the Speaker's The gentleman from Massachusetts, as al­ ruling was made, that committee had telecasting and other reporting of their ways, has been kind enough to inform the proceedings by photography, moving pic­ permitted its proceedings to be televised Chair that he was going to submit this par­ and broadcast--see CONGRESSIONAL REC­ liamentary inquiry. tures, and so forth. ORD, volume 98, part 1, pages 1334-1335. It is true that some committees and some In the 84th Congress--CoNGRESSIONAL At this point, I include the text of the subcommittees of the House have begun the RECORD, volume 101, part l, page 628-­ proceedings containing the parliamen­ practice of having their hearings and their I propounded a parliamentary inquiry tary ruling referred to above: meetings televised; but in each and every to the Speaker, Mr. Rayburn, as a result instance when the Chair has called atten­ of which the Speaker ruled that com­ TELEvISING OF COMMITl'EE HEARINGS tion to the fact that he did not think the mittees were not authorized to permit Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, rules of the. House authorized this, each and telecasting or broadcasting or photo­ I rise to propound a parliamentary inquiry. every chairman of a committee 'Jr subcom­ graphic coverage of their committee The SPEAKE&. The gentleman will state it. mittee has ceased doing so at that moment, proceedings. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, as far as the Chair unde:-stan 'is at this time. At this point, I include the text of the several days ago the Committee on Un­ The Chair is operating under the rules of American Activities called a meeting to be the House. One of the rules reads as fol­ proceedings containing the parliamen­ held in Detroit and, I understand, voted to lows: tary ruling referred to above: have those hearings televised. "The rules of the House are hereby made TELEVISING AND BROADCASTING OF I now understand that the televising of the rules of its standing committees so far COMMITTEE HEARINGS the hearings has been canceled. I under­ as applicable." The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the stand further that the Speaker, in whom we There is no authority, and as far as the gentleman from Michigan rise? all have great confidence, has taken the posi­ Chair knows, there is no rule granting the Mr. MEADER. I desire to propound a parlia­ tion he has the authority under the rules privllege of television of the House of Repre­ mentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. of the House to call off the televising of the sentatives, and the Chair interprets that as The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. hearings. applying to these committees or subcommit­ Mr. MEADER. With the 84th Congress now I also understand that the Speaker justi­ tees, whether they sit in Washington or esle­ organizing its committees, it seems to me fies his decision on the ground that the Com­ where. As the gentleman from Massachu­ important to have a clear ruling on the au­ mittee on Un-American Activities operates setts says, the Chair, whoever is the Speaker, thority of committees to disseminate or per­ under the general rules of the House, which has control of this end of the Capitol and mit the dissemination of news of their hear­ of course is true. The general rules of the the House O:tHce BuildJngs. There being no ings and proceedings. House give the Speaker the right or privilege rule with reference to television or radio the By way of background, I might say that of passing upon television, radio,· or any­ Chair interprets that the rules of the House this question was raised by the present mi­ thing photographic, as far as the House is shall apply to the committees whether they nority leader in the 82d Congress on the concerned. But I question, Mr. Speaker, sit in Washington or outside of Washington. 25th of February 1952. At that time the whether this authority would apply to a The Chair might indulge in a slight amount Speaker expressed the opinion that the rules hearing held in Detroit. of histronics in saying that if committees all of the House did not now authorize com­ I call the Speaker's attention to the fact wanted to be televised, anci. they were not al­ mittees to permit radio and television cover­ that under section 319, Secrecy of Commit­ lowed to be televised under the rules of the age of their public hearings. I should like tee Procedure, there ls the following quota­ House in the Capitol or in the House O:fHce to propound that same inquiry but ask for tion: Buildings, why they would probably move a little greater cla.rifica.~ion as to just what "It ls for the committee to determine, in out of town and think that they would es­ news coverage is permissible under the rules 1ts discretion, whether the proceedings of the cape the rule, or make a rule in that fashion. of the House of committee pubiic hearings, committee shall be open or not." Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, whether news reporters are permitted to be I appreciate that this is a twillght zone present; whether photographers taking st111 From that provision under section 319 it pictures are permitted to be present; wheth­ 1s clearly implied that the committee shall which has not been clearly defined as to just what authority the Speaker might have, and er motion picture cameras for newsreal pur­ be the judge of what publicity it might de­ poses with sound are permitted to be pres­ sire. Furthermore, in my opinion, it is more I think we should at the earliest possible mo­ ment, have some definite rule established. I ent; whether live radio broadcasting or of an authority than the Speaker could as­ telecasting or recorded radio broadcasting sume under the general rules of the House. want to say, too, in fairness to the Speaker, that there have been instances-not this are permissible. I note also under the rule, under which, as The SPEAKER. The Chair is ready to rule I understand it, the order to prevent the particular one-:that called for his disap­ pro".:al of broadcasting. In other words the and also make a statement. Something Detroit television was given, it ls stated along along the same line was propounded tha~ · decision did not come just upon the Detroit broadcast. to the present occupant of the chair by the "The rules of the House are hereby made gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MAR• the rules of its standing committee so far as The SPEAKER. In every instance the Chair has held exactly like he has regarding this TIN] February 28, 1952. applicable." Rule XI of the House provides that the I believe it would be stretching authority proposed hearing in Detroit. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. I think tele­ rules of the House of Representatives shall considerably to say that because of this rule be the rules of the committees of the House the Speaker has the right to interpose his vision and broadcasting is here to stay and will probably increase in popularity as the of Representatives so far as applicable. The own power over a committee as to its own Chair does not think anyone would contend publicity. It could, I am free to admit, be days go by. For that reason we should have revision of the rules to define authority. that the House of Representatives is au­ well argued that the chairman of the com­ thorized to televise its proceedings or put mittee acting as head might have the au­ The SPEAKER. If the House adopts a rule, them on the radio. The Chair held at that tho:rity. the Chair will abide by and enforce it, like time that this was outside of the rules and May I also call attention that television he does all of the Rules of the House of Rep­ also held ln response to another inquiry that was used by the subcommittee investigating resentatives. a committee sitting outside of Washington the tax scandals; the Madden Select Com­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary was under the same rules as a committee in­ mittee Investigating the Atrocities Relative inquiry. side of Washington, and the Chair held that to the Katyn Massacre; the Hebert Subcom­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. it was controlled by the same rules. mittee I!!yestigating Armed Services ~rocure­ Mr. RANKIN. In order to do that we would There is nothing new with reference to ments, and the Un-American Activities Com­ have to amend the rules of the House. this, because the same rules are in effect mittee itself in investigating the Reds in The SPEAKER. That is correct. now in the House of Representatives as they Hollywood. In the Senate there has been Mr. RANKIN. The Chair was simply calling were on February 25, 1952, and until the the Kefauver committee, the Atomic Energy attention to the rules of the House which do rules are changed, which would have to come Committee, the District of Columbia Com­ not permit this television 1n the House of from a resolution reported by the Committee mittee, and the Russell committee. All Representatives or in any committee of the on Rules and adopted by the House changing cvm--15 226 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 15 the rules of the House, the Chair still thinks The House, itself, does not conduct Second, it seems to me that the prin­ that it is not in accordance with the rules of hearings, as such, except in unusual cir­ ciple of interpretation employed by the House of Representatives or its commit­ cumstances such as contempt proceed­ Speaker Rayburn in basing his ruling tees to televise or broadcast hearings or ac­ tions before any committee of the House, ings, and no one who is not a Member or on the absence of express authorization and so holds and will hold unless and until officer of the House is permitted to par­ in House rules concerning the conduct the rules of the House are amended. ticipate in House debates or actions. of committee public hearings and the Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, a A committee, on the contrary, calls news coverage thereof, if followed con­ further parliamentary inquiry. before it officials of the Government, sistently, could produce a rigidity and The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. representatives of associations or groups, inflexibility in the rules of the House Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Perhaps due or individual citizens who may appear which might well impair the ability of to my lack of understanding, does the Chair the House, through its majority, to work then hold that a regular standing committee either voluntarily, or involuntarily pur­ of the House cannot authorize broadcast­ suant to subpena. its will. If Chief Justice John Marshall ing either by radio or television of its hear­ A committee hearing is a public forum had interpreted the U.S. Constitution in ings? in which the citizen is afforded an op­ this fashion, either the growth of our The SPEAKER. That is what the Chair held portunity to express his views on national National Government would have been in 1952 and that is what the Chair holds in policy. It is a factfinding proceeding impaired, or we would have found our 1955. wherein the committee seeks to develop Constitution flooded with a host of Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, a further parlia­ the facts and arguments as a foundation amendments on all conceivable subjects. mentary inquiry. House Rules are described by Lewis The SPEAKER. The gentlf'man will state it. for the formulation of national policy Mr. MEADER. Will newsreel cameras be per­ and as a basis for the recommendation Deschler, House Parliamentarian, as mitted to be present in the committee room that it will make to the House on pro­ "perhaps the most finely adjusted, scien­ during public hearings? posed legislation. tifically balanced, and highly technical The SPEAKER. The reply is the same. It is This basic difference, it seems to me, rules of any parliamentary body in the the same as television. might well justify a holding that the world." I believe they are still suffi­ Mr. Sco'IT. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary rules of the House, which by their silence ciently flexible to be susceptible of inter­ inquiry. (if indeed they are silent), fail to au­ pretation, which takes account of new The SPEAKER. The gentJeman will state it. discoveries in our national economy. Mr. ScoTT. Would the Speaker also hold thorize telecasting and broadcasting of that in the absence of any rule of the House the proceedings of the House, itself, Radio broadcasting and telecasting are on this subject committees sh0uld be re­ where the public participates only as probably the most important develop­ quired to prohibit the taking of photographs silent spectators, are not applicable to ments in the rapid and accurate dis­ before, during, or after any committee hear­ the public hearings of committees. semination of news which have occurred ing if the Speaker so directed? This is particularly so, it seems to me, in the history of mankind. The SPEAKER. That is a question to be de­ when we take account of the mandatory Consider the problems which would cided by the committee. The present occu­ requirement of rule XI 26 (g) that all have arisen if our U.S. Constitution, in pant of the chair was chairman of a com­ mittee at one time. When the photographers hearings conducted by standing commit­ referring to armies and a navy, had came in, the Chair always told them they tees or their subcommittees shall be open been interpreted so strictly as to require could take pictures of the committee or to the public; and the additional provi­ amendment before our Government anyone in the room they wanted to until the sion of rule XI 26(a) that the commit­ could have established an air force or proceedings of the committee began. Then tees may adopt additional rules not in­ engaged in the development of missiles, they were asked to retire, and they always consistent with House rules. rockets and space exploration. did retire. There are other provisions of rule XI Third, Speaker Rayburn's ruling seems Mr. Sco'IT. Is it a correct statement, then, 26, which seem to recognize a distinction to be based upon the assumption that that the matter of photographs before, dur­ ing, or after committee hearings is in the dis­ between the functioning of the conduct the rules are silent and give no express cretion of the committee chairman or the of a public hearing ·of a committee and authorization for broadcasting or tele- _ duly designated presiding officer? the function of debating, amending, and casting proceedings of the House. The SPEAKER. The Chair would hold the voting upon a bill in the House of Repre­ It certainly is true that the Rules of photographs could be taken before and after sentatives. the House do not in so many words ex­ the proceedings, but not during them. Rule XI 26 (h) authorizes a committee pressly empower the Speaker to permit Mr. SCOOT. I thank the Chair. to establish a quorum for taking of testi­ the telecasting and broadcasting of It is apparent that both of Speaker mony of as few as two members, even House procedings. There are, however, Rayburn's rulings were based upon the though a quorum for taking committee passages in the rules governing the con­ following theory: action would require the physical pres­ duct of proceedings in the House Cham­ ence of a majority of the whole com­ ber, in addition to the general authority . First. That the rules of the House are mittee. the rules of its committees. of the Speaker as the principal officer of Rule XI 26 (i) requires the chairman the House, which as I view them, could Second. That the rules of the House to make an opening statement describing properly be interpreted as vesting in the are silent and do not expressly authorize the subject of the investigation. Speaker the power, in his discretion, to telecasting, broadcasting, and photogra­ Rule XI 26 (j) requires the committee permit the telecasting and broadcasting phy of House proceedings. to make available copies of paragraph 26 of proceedings of the House. Third. Thus, the rules do not authorize of rule XI of the House rules and any Rule I, clause 2 provides that the a committee to permit telecasting, additional committee rules which have Speaker shall preserve order and de­ broadcasting, and photography of its been adopted. corum, and, in case of disturbance or public hearings. Rule XI 26 (k) authorizes witnesses at disorderly conduct in the galleries, or I wish to analyze these propositions investigative hearings to be accompanied in the lobby, may cause the same to one by one and suggest considerations by their own counsel for the purpose of be cleared. Clause 3 provides that the which, in my judgment, would justify a advising them concerning their consti­ ·Speaker shall have general control, ex­ more liberal parliamentary ruling on this tutional rights. cept as provided by rule or law, of the question. Under rule XI 26 (1) the chairman may Hall of the House, and of the corridors The first proposition of Speaker Ray­ punish breaches of order and decorum, and passages and the disposal of the burn's theory, it seems to me should be and of professional ethics on the part unappropriated rooms in that part of modified as follows: of counsel, by censure and exclusion from the Capitol assigned to the use of the First, it is, of course, true that rule XI the hearings; and the committee may House, until further order. provides that the rules of the House cite the offender to the House for con­ The foregoing would seem to vest shall "so far as applicable, be the rules tempt. extremely broad authority in the of the committee." The words "so far as It is possibly worth noting that many Speaker over the conduct of the pro­ applicable" should not be overlooked and of the provisions cited above were con­ ceedings in the House of Representatives. differences between the functions of tained in the so-called Doyle resolution The provision of general control of the committees and the functions of the adopted by the House, March 23, 1955, Hall of the House would seem to be House, itself, particularly as they relate 2 months after the most recent of the sufficiently broad to permit, as this to the conduct of public hearings, should two rulings Speaker Rayburn made as power has actually been employed in be considered. quoted above, January 24, 1955. joint sessions, joint meetings and in the 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 227 opening of a new session of Congress, the rulings above discussed is found in found ever-increasing public interest. the live telecasting and broadcasting of Cannon's Precedents, volume 8, page 968, The telecasting of the proceedings of the proceedings in the Hall of the House. section 3633, relating to amplifying de­ United Nations and its committees, tele­ The resolutions providing for joint ses­ vices in the Hall of the House in which casting of Presidential news conferences sions or joint meetings uniformly have it is noted that "radio facilities for and the coverage of political party con­ been silent on whether or not such pro­ broadcasting the proceedings of the ventions are outstanding examples of the ceedings could be telecast, broadcast, or House were also installed at this time use of these media of c--rnmunications photographed. Therefore, the authority and after brief tests were discontinued." to permit the American people to learn for such coverage of joint meetings, I understand that when the House about public proceedings and the public joint sessions, and opening sessions of Chamber was remodeled, sound ampli­ issues involved. the House must find their authority, if fication facilities were installed as a per­ No one can question the basic proposi­ such coverage is authorized and lawful, manent part of the equipment of the tion that the public has a right to know in the power of the Speaker to exercise House Chamber and that two lines run about the public business. The hearings general control over the Hall of the from the microphone to an outlet near and reports of the Moss Special Sub­ House or possibly in those rules which, the clock opposite the Speaker's desk committee on Government Information under the Speaker's discretion, provide from which, through a multiple device, of the House Committee on Government radio, television, and photography space all radio, television, and sound track for Operations and the news of that com­ for the press. photography equipment receive their mittee's work certainly indicate a gen­ Rule XXXIV, clause 2 provides: sound signals. I further understand eral belief on the part of the public that Such portion of the Gallery over the that at the time of remodeling of the they should not be excluded from or Speaker's chair as may be necessary to ac­ House Chamber there was a permanent hampered in learning about the expendi­ commodate representatives of the press wish­ installation of lights at the expense of ture of their tax funds and the exercise ing to report debates and proceedings shall the Capitol to provide adequate lighting of the power vested in legislative or ad­ be set aside for their use, and reputable re­ ministrative public officials. porters and correspondents shall be admitted for photography and television. thereto under such regulations as the CONCLUSION I hope the newly elected Speaker may Speak.er may from time to time prescribe; so interpret House rules as to effectuate I fully realize there is a natural in­ this basic people's right so necessary to and the supervision of such gallery, includ­ clination to follow the precedents al­ ing the designation of its employees, shall the sound and intelligent functioning of be vested in the standing committee of cor­ ready established, especially when they the process of self-government by the respondents, subject to the direction a.nd were rulings of our late beloved Speaker people through elected representatives. control of the Speaker; a.nd the Speaker may Sam Rayburn, and in this connection assign one seat on the fioor to Associated desire to make the following observa­ Press reporters, one to the International tions: News Service, and one to the United Press First. The question of interpretation SCHOOL FALLOUT SHELTERS Associations, a.nd regulate the occupation of the same. And the Speaker may admit to of the rules in this instance is one in The SPEAKER. Under the previous the fioor, under such regulations as he may which reasonable men might well differ. order of the House the gentleman from prescribe, one additional representative of In fact, there have been contrary rul­ West Virginia [Mr. STAGGERS] is recog­ each press association. ings by the two most recent Speakers. nized for 5 minutes. While Speaker MARTIN'S ruling was not Rule XXXIV, clause 3 provides: Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, civil a formal one in the 83d Congress, com­ defense offi.cials have urged the impor· Such portion of the Gallery of the House mittees did, in fact, permit telecasting, tance of preparing for possible nuclear of Representatives as may be necessary to broadcasting, and photography of their attacks for some time. But little has accommodate reporters of news to be dis­ proceedings with the informal approval seminated by radio, wireless and simtlar been done. Two or three reasons share means of transmission, wishing to report de­ of the Speaker, and no Member pro­ the responsibility for the inaction. The bates and proceedings, shall be set aside for pounded a parliamentary inquiry .during first reason is that many people have not their use, and reputable reporters thus en­ Speaker MARTIN'S tenure. This . would been impressed with the danger. It is gaged shall be admitted thereto under such seem to indicate that those who favored so utterly fantastic that it seems more regulations as the Speaker may from time to such authority in committees would have like a movie or TV horror story than a time prescribe; and the supervision of such no occasion to propound an inquiry and grim reality. The second reason is that gallery, including the designation of its em­ those who opposed such authority did ployees, shall be vested in the standing com­ some people who do grasp the possibility, mittee of radio reporters, subject to the di­ not see fit to raise the question. and who have considered the aftermath, rection and control of the Speaker; and the Second. Subsequent to the last parlia­ do not wish to face the difficulties of re­ Speaker may admit to the fioor, under such mentary ruling, the House adopted a suming life in a wrecked society or in a regulations as he may prescribe, one rep­ resolution amending the rules of the society dominated by Communists. The resentative of the National Broadcasting House with relation to committees and assumption is that, if a nuclear attack Company, one of the Columbia Broadcasting the conduct of their hearings known as does occur, it will cover most of the System, one of the Mutual Broadcasting Sys­ the Doyle resolution which is referred tem, and one of the Transradio Press Service. continent. Any individuals who survive to in an earlier part of this brief in some will be isolated and forced to live under­ The fact that Speakers, in the past, detail It would seem appropriate to ground for weeks or months. If and have not seen fit to authorize telecast­ reexamine the pertinent provisions of when they emerge, it will be into a world ing and broadcasting or photography of House rules in the light of the adoption devoid of food, with food plants and food the proceedings of the House, itself, with of the Doyle resolution which spelled animals destroyed along with the more the possible exception of the opening of out in many respects the authority of sophisticated means of production and a session of Congress, but have per­ House committees and their chairmen distribution. Furthermore, it will be a mitted broadcasting, telecasting, and in the conduct of public committee world without law and order-a world of photography of joint sessions and joint hearings. anarchy and violence. It seems hardly meetings, to my mind, indicates that the Third. Broadcasting and telecasting worth the trouble to attempt to survive authority exists in the Speaker and in and newsreel photography have taken an all-out nuclear attack. his discretion he has employed it on great strides as media of dissemination The third reason for inaction in the some occasions and refrained from em­ of news in the 7 years since the ruling matter of civil defense, and probably the ploying it on others. If this is a valid of January 24, 1955. strongest one, is that no practical pro­ interpretation of the rules, then it is According to figures published by the clear that committees likewise, in their Advertising Research Foundation using gram has been proposed as yet. A com­ control over the committee room and the Bureau of Census information, 67 per­ prehensive program was promised some proceedings of the committee and the cent of the households in the United months ago, but it is still delayed and maintenance of order, would have the States had television sets in 1955 and may not be available before some time in discretion to allow telecasting and broad­ by 1960, this number had increased to the coming calendar year. The fact is casting and photography in some in­ 87 .5 percent. the difficulty of devising a system of stances, and refuse to allow it in others. In this period the use of television for shelters which would give adequate pro­ The only reference to this subject in coverage of public events and the activi­ tection to a major fraction of .the pop­ the precedents of the House other than ties and views of public omcials has ulation is practically beyond solution. 228 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 15 Provision might be made foT aggrega­ behavior of a normally well-disciplined ards of illness and accident, it might be tions of people who spend a large part of school could hardly doubt that it could anticipated that cases of burns and the day in one limited area, such as f ac­ cope with the needs of the occasion, atomic fall out exposures would present tories or office buildings. But many peo­ probably with far less panic and confu­ themselves for treatment, and a mini­ ple scatter over a considerable area in sion than a heterogeneous group of un­ mum of training and equipment for deal­ their work or other activities and, even organized adults. ing with them might save many lives. if they had prepared a suitable shelter, Some of the details of a program for And now we come to a detail which they could not reach it in time after a schools might be explored to see the apparently has attracted little attention. warning. Since most people spend a relative ease with which effective meas­ In the event of an atomic attack re­ large part of the time in their homes, it ures for protection might be supplied. quiring use of the shelter, those who seems logical to reach the conclusion that First, of course, is the matter of con­ occupy it would be cut off from the rest every home should be provided with struction. For new school buildings, the of the world for a period which might some kind of shelter. devise that comes readily is some sort run into weeks or months. It is highly At this point two special difficulties of subbasement, integral with the foun­ essential that organized government go arise. Shelters for individual homes dation walls of the building. For schools on within the shelter. In order to would necessarily be built at private ex­ already in use, a separate structure con­ assure safety for all, it might be neces­ pense. The cost of construction and of tiguous to the buildings and connected sary to impose an autocratic type of supplying the necessary provisions and with them by adequate underground government. It is strongly suggested facilities would be prohibitive for most passages would be called for. The cost that some person within the school sys­ families. Any protection afforded by of such construction has been estimated tem should be vested by detailed and the numerous and more or less flimsy at from $40 to $100 per pupil. Conditions definite civil law to assume what might structures offered for sale is probably of site present so many variations that a be called command. Presumably this highly illusory. A well-constructed cost figure would be difficult to deter­ person would be the principal. His suc­ building, particularly if made of mason­ mine for all schools. But it is seen that cessors in line should also be known and ry, might do as well. A few hundred the estimated cost is within the figures recognized by law, so that there would dollars will not construct and equip a for such common appurtenances as gym­ never be any doubt as to who was in satisfactory shelter for a family. The nasia, auditoriums, cafeterias, and the charge. Some who are not students second difficulty has to do with the mo­ like, which are all indispensable features may be admitted to the shelter. But it rality involved excluding nonmembers of modern schools. A community which should be kept in mind that the shelter of the family. In the panic of an emer­ unhesitatingly supplies these should not is intended for the schoolchildren. gency, every individual would tend to balk at providing an additional feature Consequently it should be provided by dive for the nearest shelter. It might be which might be more important to young statute that no such person should be a matter of killing to keep him out or to lives than all of them. permitted to interfere with the govern­ gain entrance. Provision of suitable supplies for a ment and management of the shelter, Unless we can find some way to go shelter is another problem comparatively even if that person should be the Gov­ underground more or less permanently, easy to solve. Considerable food is al­ ernor of the State or a high Federal it seems reasonable to say that protec­ ready stored in most schools for cafe­ official. There is no room for uncer­ tion for a great many people is out of teria use. It would not be difficult to tainty in an emergency, when lives are the reach of possibility. We must re­ store larger quantities in the shelter, at stake. If the principal of the school sign ourselves to the probability that, in withdraw some of it from time to time is not capable of accepting the responsi­ a full-scale atomic attack, many of us for cafeteria use, and immediately re­ bility, or is unwilling to accept, he should will perish. But it is also correct and place it. Concentrated emergency ra­ be replaced by some one who is. He judicious to believe that significant num­ tions could also be stored. The total must be the captain of his ship, the bers of our people could be provided refrigeration requirements might not ex­ copunander of his .army, and have sim­ with a type of protection that would be ceed very seriously those already sup­ ilar recognized authority to act as his fully adequate. No stock of missiles is in plied. For a water supply, a drilled well judgment dictates. existence which could cover every spot might be sunk in most instances. Un­ As was stated earlier in this argument, with a direct hit, even admitting the contaminated air might be a more dif­ a school is peculiarly suited to the estab­ doubtful possibility of pinpointing the ficult problem. Some sort of filter, if a lishment of a miniature government. accuracy of every hit. At ground zero suitable one is available, would be re­ The officers of the school are accustomed no man-made shelter might be effective. quired. to making decisions and to issuing direc­ But a few yards, or a few miles, away, Some heat, light, and power is another tions and commands. The students are practical provisions are within the reach requirement. The use of oil fuel for normally accustomed to conformity and of ingenuity and of expense. And we those requirements seems indicated. obedience, and to at least a degree of should hasten to provide them-now. Small oil burners could provide heat for respect for authority. Furthermore, the It is completely unnecessary to argue cooking and power t9 operate a small usual student body is readily organized the point that no segment of our pop­ electric generator sufficient to operate to accept and carry out responsibility. ulation is more important to preserve communication systems and for other It may be surprising in this supposedly than our children. On them rests our necessary purposes. It is extremely im­ undisciplined age that boys and girls hope of the future. If all adults in the portant that connection with the outside in their early teens recognize emergency country perished and our children sur­ world should be maintained, hence a situations. They readily grasp the vived, our society could go on with a highly efficient communication system necessity for indicated action, and they vigor but little diminished. should be supplied and maintained. It carry out instructions with a higher Fortunately, protection measures for might readily be a link in the nationwide degree of fidelity and determination those now in the public and private network to transmit Government orders than a similar group of adults. An indi­ schools of the country are the most and to spread information as to condi­ vidual in a school shelter properly con­ practical of all to create. Some 50 tions elsewhere in the country. Many structed and equipped, and with definite million of them spend 6 or more hours schools already possess and use various arrangements for the maintenance of daily in school. Many of these spend items of scientific equipment needed to law and order, would be safer and more the remaining hours of the day within test for the presence of radioactive ma­ secure, and consequently with a better a short distance of the school they at­ terial and for other purposes. Such chance of survival, than in almost any tend, and could possibly reach it after equipment should be brought up to the other situation. warning of an attack. A school is a highest standards for anticipated needs. It is important, further, that the au­ miniature form of society in itself, ·A certain degree of medical and first­ thority of the commander of a school already organized for collective action, aid competence is still another require­ shelter should extend after ·the time of arid highly capable of evolving into a ment. Some schools already maintain emergency from the shelter until con­ tiny full-scale government which could nurses. A requirement that the teach­ tact with regular lawful authority could maintain itself for a considerable peridd ing force develop some skill and training be made, and. responsibility surrendered of time, given the necessary supplies and in these matters should not be unreason­ to that authority. After an atomic equipment. Anybody familiar with the able. In addition to the ordinary haz- attack, disorder may be the common 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 229 condition of the outside world. A well­ Whereas the future of the remaining mines CONGRESS: THE LAWMAKING organized school group could .easily is extremely doubtful, thereby creating an BODY become the nucleus of restored civil ever-increasing unemployment problem; and Whereas we strongly believe that these Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask government. Perhaps the shelter com­ mines must be kept operative and competi­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ manders should be furnished with suf­ tive in the national interest as well as in ·marks at this point in the RECORD and ficient force in the shape of firearms to the local economic interest; and include extraneous matter. assert their decisions. It is at least a Whereas it has been proved that there matter for consideration. exist tremendous reserves of iron ore in the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to If we are sufficiently impressed with Gogebic Iron Range, which ore can be bene­ the request of the gentlewoman from the possibility of atomic attack to go to ficiated and pelletized, thereby creating a Ohio? the expense of fallout shelters, we should product which is in demand by the steel There was no objection. not stop at halfway measures. It would companies; and Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, during be futile to dig a hole in the ground and Whereas these processes of beneficiation the adjournment period I devoted sev­ and pelletizing demand large quantities of eral issues of my weekly newsletter, Re­ then expect matters to take care of low-cost fuel which is not now available in themselves. We should foresee every the immediate area: Now, therefore, be it porting From Washington, to a discus­ possible contingency and make every ef­ Resolved by the assembly (the senate con­ sion of our procedures for considering fort to meet its needs. Certainly the de­ curring), That the Legislature of the State and passing bills here in the U.S. Con­ tails offered above are minimum essen­ of Wisconsin request the Congress of the gress. My first letter on this subject tials. Their implementation may well United States to name a committee to in­ was entitled "How Do Bills Become require both Federal law and State law. vestigate the problems and the causes of Law?" It was followed by a series of There appears to . be much favor for a the economic decline of the Gogebic Iron four letters describing the standing Range, as reviewed herein and seek a satis­ committees of the House that have the Federal appropriation to help meet the factory solution to these problems to the cost. Such an appropriation, if made, end that the economic health of the area really heavy work of legislation. Since should be accompanied by strict require­ be restored; and be it further the publication of the letters I have had ments that State law be enacted to make Resolved, That copies of this resolution be requests for copies from various schools, protection for schoolchildren complete. submitted to the President of the United libraries, and individuals in my district. Unfortunately, the danger is not a mere States, the Governors of Wisconsin and Mich­ Believing there may be others who would temporary one. It is possible that the igan, the U.S. Senators and Representatives be interested in having this information, rash of crises breaking out in all parts of the States of Michigan and Wisconsin and I, under unanimous consent, include the the House and Senate of the State of Mich­ five letters in the RECORD herewith: of the world may be soothed without igan. resort to war. But there is nothing in How Do Bn.Ls BECOME LAW? sight to off er hope of permanent free­ NOVEMBER 11, 1961. dom from danger. The evil genius of the DISCRIMINATION IN WASHINGTON It isn't too simple a process, you know. atomic bomb, once released from the CLUBS In the first place there are at least 10,000 bills bottle, can never be reconfined. It will introduced every year. During the 1st ses­ haunt the dreams of our children and our Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask sion of the 87th Congress, which adjourned children's children for generations to unanimous consent that the gentleman on September 27, 1961, 685 became law. I can from New York CMr. ZELENKO] may ex­ give you no more here than a capsule review come. We need protection now, and if of the complicated process that very often the cost of protection is wisely spent tend his remarks at this point in the changes a blll so much from the day it is it will be a permanent investment in se­ RECORD and include extraneous matter. introduced to the day of passage that you curity. The SPEAKER. Is there objection would hardly recognize it again. So many to the request of the gentleman from people have their fingers in the pie. So Oklahoma? many sides of it must be given earnest study. FUTURE OF IRON ORE MINES ON There was no objection. It is a slow process--but that very fact more GOGEBIC IRON RANGE IN WIS­ Mr. ZELENKO. Mr. Speaker, I have often than not protects us from the unwis­ CONSIN AND MICHIGAN dom of hasty decision. today introduced a bill to amend certain A bill may be introduced by a Congress­ Mr. BARRY. Mr. Speaker, I ask laws which apply in the District of Co­ man or Senator at any time while Congress unanimous consent that the gentleman lumbia to deny benefits under those laws is actually in session. The bill is simply from Wisconsin CMr. LAIRD] may ex­ to any corporation, group, society, asso­ placed in the hopper next to the Clerk's tend his remarks at this point in the ciation, or other organization which in its desk. It is then referred by the Speaker to operation discriminates among individ­ the appropriate committee which holds pub­ RECORD, and revise and extend his re­ lic hearings and studies all aspects of the b111 marks, and include a resolution. uals on the basis of race or color. in executive session. Consideration by the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The deplorable practice of certain committee depends upon the will of the the request of the gentleman from New groups, societies, and associations in the chairman. Many b1lls are handed to sub­ York? District of Columbia which practice dis­ committees and are given intensive study There was no objection. crimination are hindering the efforts of and consideration before being reported to Mr. LAmD. Mr. Speaker, on Tues­ this administration and Government in the full committee. The full committee in turn considers the bill and decides whether day, December 19, the Wisconsin State our ceaseless effort to project an image to report it out for consideration on the Senate passed Joint Resolution 141A. of true democracy throughout the world. floor of the House. This resolution had been passed by the It is particularly harmful when such Bills are seldom considered without a Wisconsin Assembly on December 18. un-American practices are permitted to previous report from the Bureau of the State Senator Clifford W. Krueger has take place in our Nation's Capital and Budget and the department or agency that written me asking that this joint reso­ by groups which claim as members, lead­ would be concerned with the b111 once it lution as passed by the Wisconsin State ers in public and private life. The time becomes law. Legislature be made a part of the CON­ has come to take affirmative and aggres­ When the full ·committee has voted the GRESSIONAL RECORD. sive action at once to eliminate these last bill out, a report is submitted and in most instances the hearings are printed and made Under unanimous consent I include vestiges of segregation at the seat of our available. The report explains the purpose Joint Resolution 141A, memorializing Government. and anticipated effect of the proposal and Congress regarding an investigation of This legislation would deny to organi­ may also include differing views of the indi­ the problems affecting the future of the zations practicing discrimination such vidual committee members. iron ore mines on the Gogebic Iron governmental benefits as the granting of The measure is then sent to the Rules Range in northern Wisconsin and Up­ liquor licenses, exemptions from real Committee and a rule is requested which per Peninsula of Michigan, in the body of estate tax, exemptions from personal wm prescribe the length of time allowed for the RECORD. debate, and any other limitations under The resolution is as follows: property tax, and issuance of certificates of occupancy. which it is to be considered, such as whether Whereas the majority o! the deep shaft amendments may be offered on the floor by iron mines on the Gogebic Iron Range have I strongly urge my colleagues to sup­ any member or only by members of the com­ ceased operations, thereby creating a serious port this legislation and earnestly re­ mittee which reported the bill. economic hardship on the peoples and the quest that it be given early and favorable The bill is then assigned a place on the communities involved; and consideration by Congress. calendar, and in due course is called up for · 230 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 15 debate on the House :floor. The House re­ has jurisdiction over matters affecting the The chaiiman is Rep!'esentative WILLIAM L. solves itself into the Committee of the Whole Department of Defense generally, the Army, - DAWSON, of Illinois. Originally, 11 separate House for consideration of the bill. After the Navy, and the Air Force; ammunition committees did the work now done by the the allotted time for general debate, amend­ depots, forts, arsenals, mllltary reservations Government Operations Committee. It ments are submitted, argued, and voted . and establishments; the pay, promotion, re­ handles budget and accounting matters, bllls upon. Then the Committee of the Whole tirement and other benefits and privileges · affecting reorganization of the executive rises and the Speaker resumes the chair. A of members of the Armed Forces; scientific branch; receives and examines reports of the roll call vote on sundry controversial amend­ research and development 1n support of the Comptroller General's Office; and checks ments may be taken before final passage. armed services; selective service; the size and economy and effi.ciency in the operation of the Then the bill goes to the Senate where composition of the Army. the Navy, and the Federal Government. The conimittee can it ls put through somewhat the same proc­ Air Force; soldiers• and sailors' homes and hold hearings anywhere in the United States ess. If the House and Senate bills are in strategic and critical materials necessary for with subpena power over witnesses and disagreement, a conference takes place and national defense. documents. when agreement ts reached a conference re­ BANKING AND CURRENCY COMMITTEE HOUSE ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE port ls filed which must be voted on in both There are 30 members on the Banking and This committee ls referred to as the Houses. Then the final blll goes to the Currency Committee-18 Democrats and 12 "Housekeeping Committee" and handles al- White House for the President's signature. Republicans. The current chairman is Rep­ 1ocation of funds appropriated by Congress Should he veto, it ls returned to both Houses resentative BRENT SPENCE, of Kentucky. for operation of the House of Representa­ where a two-thirds vote of each 1s needed Established in 1865, this committee has ex­ tives. There are 25 members on the com­ to override the veto. tended its fields of jurisdiction as the Na­ mittee-15 Democrats and 10 Republicans. But the longer you are privileged to work tion's money system became more complex. The chairman ls Representative OMAR BURLE­ at it, the more convinced you become that The Banking and Currency Committee SON, of Texas. The House Administration this country of ours is the most wonderful handles matters involving the Nation's Committee also handles affairs concerning country in the world and the more earnestly banking and currency; economic controls on the Library of Congress, the House Library, you hope that you may be worthy to serve commodity prices, rents and services in war­ selection of stationery and pictures, the Bo­ her. time; deposit insurance; the Federal Reserve tanic Gardens, the erection of monuments, System, financial aid to commerce and in­ the Smithsonian Institution, the printing NOVEMBER 18, 1961. dustry, coinage of gold and silver and meas­ and distribution of the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ STANDING · COM;MITTEES OF THE HOUSE ures affecting these minerals; issuance and ORD, the assignment of office space, adminis­ Congressional sine die adjournment gives redemption of Government notes, and public tration of House Office Buildings and the us all quite a chance tv do other than the and private housing. House wing of the Capitol, reports on travel normal thing. So while I am about these by House Members, and handles enrollment other things wouldn't 1t be a good idea if I DECEMBER 2, 1961. of all bills, amendment.s, and joint resolu­ SECOND REPORT ON COMMITTEES . tions after passage by the House and their sent you short briefs about the committees presentation to the President. that have the really heavy work of legisla­ DISTRICT COMMITTEE tion? Here you are: This committee often is referred to as the DECEMBER 9, 1961. AGRIC:tJLTURE COMMITTEE city council of Washington. It has 24 (This is the third of my series concerning This committee consists of 35 members- members-15 Democrats and 9 Republicans. the various standing committees of the 21 Democrats and 14 Republicans. The The chairman ls Representative JoHN L. House of Representatives, their activities current chairman 1s Representative HAROLD McMILLAN, of South Carolina. The District and functions) D. CooLEY, Democrat, of North Carolina. As Committee handles all matters relative to the name implies, this committee handles municipal affairs of the District of Co-lum­ INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS COMMITTEE all Federal legislation affecting agriculture, bia, including incorporation and organiza­ In 1~51 this committee received iti? present including price supports on major crops, tion of societies, insurance, criminal and name, replacing the old Public Lands Com­ soil conservation matters, soil bank pay­ corporation laws, municipal and juvenile mittee, which was established in 1805. ments, agriculture and industrial chemis­ courts, public health and safety, and taxes. There are 31 members on the committee-18 try, agricultural colleges and experimental EDUCATION AND LABOR COMMITTEE Democrat.s and 13 Republicans. The chair­ man is Representative WAYNE AsPINALL, of stations, research, extension services, pro­ This is another postwar committee, duction, marketing, and stabilization of Colorado. The Interior and Insular Affairs founded· in 1947. It deals with the humani­ Committee considers me,ttet'S relative to nat­ farm products, animal industry and diseases, ties legislation, covering the entire field of crop insurance, entomology, farm credit, ural resources, Indians, national parks, irri­ labor, such as Taft-Hartley and Landrum­ gation and reclamation, mineral land laws, forestry, home economics, livestock and Griffin laws, minimum wage, etc., as well meat products inspection and rural electri­ and matters pertaining to grazing and min­ .as education bills, the school lunch program, eral resources-on .I>Ublic lands. fication. vocational rehabilitation, and the welfare of APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE minors. There are 31 members on the Edu- INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE COMMITTEE The Appropriations Committee 1s the -cation and Labor Committee-19 Democrats This committee handles legislation deal­ largest standing committee, consisting of 50 and 12 Republicans. The current chairman ing with all types of commerce-travel, tele­ members---'30 Democrats and 20 Republi­ ls Representative ADAM CLAYTON PoWELL, of phones, telegraph, the stock market, public cans. The chairman ls Representative New York. health, weather reporting and forecasting, CLARENCE CANNON' of Missouri. When this FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE interstate business, civil aeronautics, inland waterways, interstate oil compacts and nat­ committee was established in 1865, it had As you know, this is the committee I have charge of all Federal appropriations. Grad­ ural gas, railroad labor and retirement, regu­ served on for 21 years. One of the truly lation of interstate coinmunicatlons and in­ ually, its jurisdiction was split among other venerable· committees of the House, it was committees until 1922, when all appropria­ terstate transmission of power. There are founded in 1822, a.nd at one time had con­ 33 members of this committee-20 Democrat.s tion· measures again were placed under its trol of appropriations. There are 33 mem­ authority. and 13 Republicans. The chairman is Rep­ bers of the Foreign Affairs Committee-20 .resentative OREN HARRIS, of Arkansas.- The Appropriations Committee handles Democrats and 13 Republicans. Our chair­ the hundreds of agency requests through a man is Representative THOMAS E. MORGAN, JUDICIARY COMMITTEE series of subcommittees, which report to the of Pennsylvania. The Foreign Affairs Com­ The Judiciary Committee handles matters full committee after hearings and examina­ mittee studies relations of the United States affecting the courts, constitutional amend­ ~ion of agency budgets. It appropriates with foreign nations; handles regulations ments, national holidays, immigration, pat­ funds for the support of the Government, affecting acqulsltlon of land and buildings ents, antitrust proceedings, civil and crim­ conducts studies and examinations of the for foreign embassies and legations, foreign inal claims against the Government, Federal organization and operation of the executive loans and grants, international conferences penitentiaries, U.S. Patent Office, copyrights departments and agencies, holds nationwide and congresses, the diplomatic corps; fos­ and trademarks, protection of commerce hearings and has subpena power for wit­ ters foreign trade, the protection of Ameri­ against unlawful restraints and monopolies, nesses and documents, reviews appropria­ can citizens abroad, pa.ssport regulations, and revision of the U.S. statutes, and State tion requests by agencies and hears testi­ the Red Cross, the United Nations, and inter­ and territorial boundaries. There are 35 mony of individuals and agency witnesses national financial and monetary organiza­ members on the Judicia_ry Committee-21 in support of budget requests. tions. l>emocrats and 14 Republicans. The chair­ man ls Representative EMANUEL CELLER, of ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS COMMITTEE This committee which has 37 members- New York. Established in 1952, this committee is one MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES 21 Democrats and 16 Republicans-was es­ of the newest in the House. It consolidates tablished by the 1946 Congressional Reorgan­ the activities that were formerly handled by COMMITTEE lzatlon Act to take charge of activities the Committee on Expenditures in the Ex­ The Merchant Marine and Fisheries Com­ affecting the ·Nation's defense efforts. The ecutive Departments, which was set up in mittee has 31 members--19 Democrats and chairman ls the Honorable CARL VmsoN, of 1927. There are 30 members on this com­ 12 Republicans. Its chairman is Representa­ Georgia. The Armed Services Committee mittee-19 Democrats and 11 Republicans. tive HERBERT c. BONNER, of North Carolina. 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 231 This committee has legislative authority over , VETERANS' AFFAIRS COMMITTEE CHANGES MIND shipping, the Coast Guard, fisheries and This committee was established after But I'm changing my mind. People have wildlife, navigation, the Panama Canal, the World War II. Legislation pertaining to vet­ come to view their social security benefits as merchant marine, the Coast and Geodetic erans was formerly handled by various other inalienable rights, and the law restricting Survey, conservation of fish and wildlife re­ committees such as Education and Labor their income has been held up to such ridi­ sources, inspection of ships, administration and Armed Services. The Veterans• Affairs cule and castigation that it has ceased to be of the Panama Canal, registering and licens­ Committee now handles matters pertaining regarded as a sound and worthy instrument. ing of vessels, international ship safety to veterans' compensation, vocational re­ Although I continue to respect the premise rules and regulations of the U.S. Coast Guard habilitation and education of veterans, Gov­ on which law was based, I think this earn­ and Merchant Marine Academies. ernment life insurance issued to service­ ings restriction should now be abolished for POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE COMMITTEE men, pensions, readjustment of servicemen these reasons: to civilian life, soldiers' and sailors' relief, First, the reasoning behind this law is not This committee handles bills affecting the veterans' hospitals, and medical care and 2.5 million Government employees, the 10- easy to understand. treatment of veterans. Representative OLIN Second, it violates our traditions to be told year census, postal services and operation of TEAGUE, who is a veteran himself, is the the Nation's 36,000 post offices, the National that a man who retires can receive a pension committee chairman. There are 25 mem­ while a man who has the spunk and will to Archives, compensation, classification, and bers-15 Democrats and 10 Republicans. retirement of officers and employees of the continue working must forfeit all or part of U.S. Government. There are 25 members on WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE such a pension. the Post Office and Civil Service Committee- Founded in 1789, this is one of the oldest IT'S UNSOUND 14 Democrats and 11 Republicans. Chairman committees of the Congress. It is generally Third, it is discriminatory because the re­ is Representative ToM MURRAY, of Tennessee. known as the tax committee and is respon­ striction applies only to earnings from em­ PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE sible for all revenue and social security ployment rather than to income received measures. It also handles matters pertain­ There are 34 members on the Public Works from such sources as dividends or rentals. ing to customs collection districts, ports of Fourth, it is geriatrically unsound to do Committee-20 Democrats and 14 Republi­ entry, reciprocal trade agreements, the cans. The chairman is Representative anythi11g which discourages-rather than en­ bonded debt of the United States, deposit courages-older people from working as long CHARLES A. BUCKLEY, of New York. This of public moneys and transportation of committee handles matters pertaining to and as enthusiaEtically as they possibly can. dutiable goods. There are 25 members on Of course, there are those who would like flood control, river and harbor improve­ the committee-15 Democrats and 10 Re­ ments, highways, Government buildings, to abolish _the entire so~~! e~curity program publicans. Representative WILBUR D. MILLS, and who contend that people should stand navigational projects and water power. of Arkansas, is chairman. Included in these fields are measure~ relat­ on their own and provide for their own ing to the Ca~~~~~. Senate, and ·House Office support in old age. But a large percentage Buildings, construction and maintenance of of the population is simply unable to do this. roads, the National Zoo, bridges, dams, and RESTRICTIONS ON EARNINGS OF Our social security program adopted in 1935 power projects. is here to stay. THOSE UNDER SOCIAL SECURITY The lawmakers say it will cost about $2 SHOULD BE REMOVED billion a year if the law is changed to remove DECEMBER 16, 1961. Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask restrictions on the earnings of social security (This is the fourth report of my series con­ recipients. But since this is obviously what cerning the makeup of the standing com­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ people want let's trim the budget at some mittees of the House of Representatives) marks at this point in the RECORD, and other point and permit the will of the ma­ RULES COMMITTEE include extraneous matter. jority to prevail. The Rules Committee is known as the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to "watchdog" committee, or the "traffic con­ the request of the gentlewoman from trol" committee of the House. It sets up Ohio? LEAVE OF ABSENCE the rules under which the House considers There was no objection. By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ legislation, such as whether .or not amend­ Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, early in sence was granted to Mrs. NORRELL (at ments will be allowed and the length of time a bill shall be debated. It also has jurisdic­ the last session of Congress I introduced the request of Mr. TRIMBLE) for today tion over propositions to make or change the H.R. 315, to remove the limitation upon through January 20, 1962, on account rules of House final adjournment of the the amount of outside income which an of official business. Congress. This year, as you will recall, this individual may earn while receiving so­ committee was enlarged from 12 to 15 mem­ cial security benefits. My bill is still bers-10 Democrats to 5 Republicans. The pending before the Ways and Means SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Chairman is Representative HOWARD W. Committee. A column by Robert Peter­ By unanimous consent, permission to SMITH of Virginia. son, which appeared in the Cleveland address the House, following the legis­ SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUTICS COMMITTEE Plain Dealer of November 6, 1961, very lative program and any special orders Only 3 years old, this is the "space age" clearly gives the reasons why the restric­ heretofore entered, was granted to: committee which handles matters pertaining tions on earnings should be lifted. Un­ Mr. PATMAN for 10 minutes today, to to astronautical research and development, der unanimous consent, I include the including resources, personnel, the Bureau revise and extend his remarks, and to of Standards, weights and measures and the column in the RECORD as part·of my re­ include extraneous matter. metric system, the National Aeronautics and marks: Mr. MEADER, for 30 minutes, tomorrow. Space Administration, the National Science LIFE BEGINS AT 40-WANTS RESTRICTIONS ON Mr. MEADER, for 10 minutes today, va­ Foundation, outer space-including control EARNINGS LIFTED cating his special order for Tuesday, and exploration, science scholarships, and (By Robert Peterson) January 16. scientific research and development. Repre­ Mr. CURTIS of Missouri, for 15 min­ sentative GEORGE P. MILLER of California is For years I've been trying to support Uncle chairman of the Science and Astronautfcs Sam's contention that elders who earn more utes, today. Committee and it has 25 members-15 Demo­ $1,200 a year should forfeit something from Mr. STAGGERS

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Address by Senator Kuchel Relating to There being no objection, the address banter by comedians than as an ominous was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, warning that the American people might /lir Pollution have to pay a high price for the benefits of as follows: what we call technological advances in our COMMUNITY ACTION l'OR CLEAN Am mode of living and our economy. EXTENSION OF REMARKS (Speech of THOMAS H. KucHEL, U.S. Senator, During the subsequent perlod, the serious­ o:r before closing session of Fifth Annual ness of air pollution has become more fully HON. THOMAS H. KUCHEL Medical Conference on Air Pollution spon­ appreciated. The holding of a meeting such sored by the Ca~ifornia State Department as this is a testimonial to an awareness in at OF CALIFORNIA of Public Health, Thursday, December ,7, least certain quarters that we qannot tolerate IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 1961, at 1: 15 p.m. in the Hancock Audi­ continued befouling of the atmosphere which torium, "!J~_iyersity of Southern California, ls essen'!;iai to human existence, let alone Monday, January 15, 1962 Los Angeles) more contamination. Mr. KUCHEL. Mr. President, last The obnoxious effects of the 20th century I can tell you-as one who has been in December 7, I made a speech at the phenomenon known as smog have been real­ the forefront of efforts to obtain congres­ University of Southern California in con­ ized for more than a decade and a half. The sional appreciation for the importance of this possibly dire consequences have been a sub­ curse--that it has not been easy to awaken nection with the California State De­ persons not exposed to smog-caused misery partment of Health weeklong seminar ject of concern nearly that long. As we take cognizance of those facts, we and discomfort to the necessity of attacking of air pollution. should recall that the first murky occur­ it on varied and numerous fronts. Still, it is I ask unanimous consent that a copy rences reported from Los Angeles 1n the gratifying that since enactment of the Air of the comments I made at that time be hectic years of World War II were regarded Pollution Research Act, which I had the printed in the RECORD. for quite some time n;iore as a topic for honor o! introducing in Congress back 1n