First Record of Calliactis Tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Hormathiidae) in the Veracruz Reef System, Southwestern Gulf of Mexico

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NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 14 (4): 619–631 https://doi.org/10.15560/14.3.619

First record of Calliactis tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Hormathiidae) in the Veracruz reef system, southwestern Gulf of Mexico

José Luis Tello-Musi1, Ricardo González-Muñoz2, Fabián H. Acuña2, Nuno Simões3, 4, 5

1 Laboratorio de Zoología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Estado de México, México. 2 Laboratorio de Biología de Cnidarios, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) – CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Rodríguez Peña 4046, Mar del Plata, Argentina. 3 Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación en Sisal (UMDI-Sisal), Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Puerto de Abrigo, Sisal, Yucatán, México. 4 International Chair of Coastal and Marine Studies in Mexico, Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M at Corpus Christi, TX, USA. 5 Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera (LANRESC). Corresponding author: Ricardo González-Muñoz, [email protected]

Abstract The sea anemone Calliactis tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) is an ecologically important member of the benthic community in coastal and coral reefs of the tropical Atlantic, particularly for their propensity to establish mutualistic symbiotic relationships with hermit crabs. This species is presumably distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico; however, it had never been recorded in the southwestern part of the Gulf. Here we document the first record of C. tricolor in 2 coral reef localities of the Veracruz reef system, Mexico, and update the number of species of sea anemones known for the region.

Key words Anthozoa; sea anemone; coral reefs; epibiont; hermit crab.

Academic editor: Rafael B. de Moura | Received 7 January 2018 | Accepted 15 June 2018 | Published 3 August 2018

Citation: Tello-Mussi JM, González-Muñoz R, Acuña FH, Simões N (2018) First record of Calliactis tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Hormathiidae) in the Veracruz reef system, southwestern Gulf of Mexico. Check List 14 (4): 619–631. https://doi.org/10.15560/14.4.619

Introduction Mariscal 1972, López-Victoria et al. 2004). In this symbiotic relation, 1 to several individuals of Calliactis tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) is one of the most well-known sea anemone species inhabiting coral reefs C. tricolor live as epibionts on gastropod mollusk shells and shallow coastal waters of the western Atlantic. occupied by hermit crabs. Sea anemones are known to Particular attention has been paid to this species due to protect hermit crabs from their natural predators, such as its propensity to establish close mutualistic symbiotic the crab Calappa flammea (Herbst, 1794) and the octopus relationships with hermit crabs, such as Pagurus pol- Octopus joubini Robson, 1929 (McLean and Mariscal licaris Say, 1817, Dardanus venosus (Milne-Edwards, 1973, Bach and Herrnkind 1980, McLean 1983). Hermit 1848), Dardanus fucosus Biffar and Provenzano, 1972, crabs, on the other hand, provide protection for C. tri- and Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758), among other color against predators such as the sea star Echinaster crustaceans (Cutress and Ross 1969, Cutress et al. 1970, spinulosus Verrill, 1869 and the fireworm Hermodice

Copyright Tello-Mussi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unre- stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 20 Check List 14 (4) carunculata (Pallas, 1766) (Brooks and Gwaltney 1993). by the Comisión Nacional de Acuacultura y Pesca (no. In addition, sea anemones are benefited by having a hard 07332.250810.4060). substrate on which to attach, and by the interception of A second individual of C. tricolor was observed in food particles while crabs feed (Bach and Herrnkind May 2016, attached to a shell of Sinistrofulgur sinistrum 1980). (Hollister, 1958) occupied by the hermit crab Dardanus The known distribution of C. tricolor ranges from fucosus, in La Gallega reef, VRS. On this occasion, the North Carolina and the northeastern coast of Gulf of anemone was measured and photographed, but not col- Mexico to Brazil, including eastern and southern Carib- lected. The taxonomic identification of the observed bean Sea (Carlgren and Hedgpeth 1952, Zamponi et al. specimens was based on external anatomy, following 1998). Although this species has been reported in the Carlgren and Hedgpeth (1952) and González-Muñoz et Campeche Bank and in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico al. (2013). (González-Muñoz et al. 2013), it had never been recorded Previous data on distribution of C. tricolor were in the southwestern part of the Gulf, despite several sur- obtained from main online biodiversity and biogeo- veys documenting local sea anemone diversity within graphic databases, including the Global Biodiversity the last 30 years, particularly in the Veracruz reef system Information Facility (GBIF 2017), the Oceanographic (VRS) (González-Muñoz et al. 2015a). Biogeographic Information System (OBIS 2017), and Jordán-Dahlgren (2002) suggested limited ecologi- Hexacorallians of the World (HoW) (Fautin 2013), as cal connectivity between the reefs of the Caribbean and well as those from published articles, and 2 doctoral the- the Campeche Bank with the reef systems from the ses (Corrêa 1964, Gusmão 2010). As some distributional southwestern Gulf of Mexico. He observed a westward records from the online databases were incomplete, the decreasing gradient pattern in gorgonian diversity and names of the localities were searched and added for those abundance from the Yucatan straits to the southwestern records which only had data on geographic coordinates. Gulf of Mexico, as well as a northward decreasing gra- Alternatively, geographic coordinates were inferred from dient pattern in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico, from those records which had only locality name. Duplicated the VRS to the Tuxpan and Isla Lobos reef systems. This records from different sources, records without locality limited connectivity could possibly explain the absence names and geographic coordinates were disregarded, as in the VRS of some sea anemones species that, like C. tri- well as those without reference for the specialist who color, are commonly found in the reefs of the Caribbean identified the species by observation or specimen exami- and the Campeche Bank, such as Condylactis gigantea nation. These data (Appendix, Table A1) were used to (Weinland, 1860), and Lebrunia neglecta Duchassaing & construct a map with the distribution of Calliactis tri- Michelotti, 1860 (González-Muñoz et al. 2015a). color in the West Atlantic. In the present study, we document the presence of C. tricolor in 2 coral reef localities of the VRS. Although C. tricolor could have been overlooked for years in the Results region, it is possible that this species was absent in this Material examined. 1 specimen, 7 May 2015, Isla de coral system until recently, suggesting potential connec- Enmedio reef (19°05.5′ N, 095°58.2′ W), collected by tivity between distant reef systems in the Gulf of Mexico. José Luis Tello-Musi, deposited in the scientific collec- This record increases the number of sea anemone tion of Cnidarios del Golfo de México y el Mar Caribe, species known for the VRS and contributes with original Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) data for biogeographic studies of sea anemones distribu- (voucher code: YUC-CC-254-11-001378). tion in the Gulf of Mexico by filling gaps of the known distribution range of C. tricolor. Identification. Collected and observed specimens were identified asCalliactis tricolor (Le Sueur, 1817) (Fig. 1a, b). Methods Observed features of the collected specimen (Fig. 1a) During a field study in May 2015, 1 individual of Cal- are the following: column smooth but rough in appear- liactis tricolor was observed attached to a shell of the ance, orange-red to beige, with small longitudinal white gastropod mollusk Fasciolaria tulipa (Linnaeus, 1758) spots in the proximal column, relative to the mesente- occupied by the hermit crab Petrochirus diogenes, in rial insertions. Two rows of dark-orange cinclides in the Isla de Enmedio reef, which is 1 of the 25 coral reef proximal column and close to the limbus; first row with localities of the VRS (Chávez et al. 2007). The mollusk 12 cinclides and second with 24, arranged as follows: 2 shell was apparently very old and covered with sand, smaller cinclides of the second row between each pair algae, small stones, and crustose coralline algae. The sea of the 12 larger cinclides of the first row. Bright-orange anemone was photographed, collected, relaxed in a 5% acontia protruding from cinclides and from the oral disc.

MgCl2 seawater solution, and subsequently fixed in 10% Pedal disc about 27 mm in its larger diameter. seawater formalin to be transferred to the laboratory for The second specimen (not collected) was observed identification. The specimen was collected under con- with the oral disc and tentacles completely expanded and sent of Mexican law, with a collecting permit approved presented the following diagnostic features (Fig.1b): oral Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 621

Figure 1. Specimens of Calliactis tricolor found in the Veracruz Reef System, southwest Gulf of Mexico. a) Specimen attached to a shell of Fasciolaria tulipa occupied by Petrochirus diogenes in Isla de Enmedio reef. b) Specimen attached to a shell of Sinistrofulgur sinistrum occupied by Dardanus fucosus, in La Gallega reef. Scale bar = 10 mm. disc smooth, beige to pale-orange and translucent. Tenta- when expanded and dome-shaped when contracted, cles smooth, slender, moderately short, tapering distally, divided into capitulum and scapus. Capitulum short, beige to pale-orange, with longitudinal rows of white beige, translucent; scapus robust, wrinkled-texture, beige dots along its entire length, and sometimes with orange to pale-orange, and with short white longitudinal spots flashes at the tips. Column cylindrical, trumped-shaped and 2 rows of dark-orange cinclides proximally, which 622 Check List 14 (4)

Figure 2. Known distribution of the sea anemone Calliactis tricolor. Gray dots represent previous records; red triangles represent the new records in the southwest Gulf of Mexico, at the Veracruz reef system. are of different sizes. Pedal disc about 47 mm in its longer (not collected) specimen also fitted well with C. tricolor, diameter. particularly in the pattern coloration of the column, cinclides, oral disc, and tentacles. Data on distribution of Calliactis tricolor. We obtained In her study on sea anemones symbiotic with hermit 297 records of C. tricolor from GBIF (2017), OBIS (2017), HoW (Fautin 2013), and published articles, of crabs, Gusmão (2010) mentioned that C. tricolor is the which 63 were disregarded following the criteria men- only species of the genus distributed in the western Atlan- tioned above; thus, 234 previous records were considered tic. However, there are few records of Calliactis polypus (Appendix, Table A1). Figure 2, based on these data, (Forsskål, 1775) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (Daw- shows the known distribution of C. tricolor in the west- son 1966), the eastern coast of the USA, and in Guyana ern Atlantic. (OBIS 2017, GBIF 2017), although this species is mainly distributed in the Red Sea, Hawaii, French Polynesia, Australia, South Africa, East Africa, Maldives, Cape Discussion Verde Island, Japan, Galapagos, and the Pacific coast The collected specimen was found with the oral disc of Panamá (Garese et al. 2009, Gusmão 2010). Live and tentacles completely contracted, and they remained specimens of C. tricolor and C. polypus can be easily so during relaxation process. Thus, it had to be fixed in distinguished by the coloration of the cinclides in the this position. However, external anatomy and coloration proximal column, being dark-red to dark-orange in the of the column are sufficient for identification, and the former and white in the later (Gusmão 2010, González- specimen corresponded to the diagnostic features of Cal- Muñoz et al. 2013). As C. polypus has been reported only liactis tricolor. The taxonomic features of the observed once in the Gulf of Mexico (Dawson 1966), it is possible Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 623 that the report of its presence is result of a probable mis- Accessed via GBIF.org on: 2017-10-06. identification, but this needs to be corroborated with the Bach CE, Herrnkind WF (1980) Effects of predation pressure on review of those specimens. the mutualistic interaction between the hermit crab, Pagurus pollicaris Say, 1817, and the sea anemone, Calliactis tri- Because the anomuran crabs Dardanus venosus, color (Lesueur, 1817). Crustaceana 38: 104–108. https://doi. D. fucosus, P. diogenes, P. pollicaris, as well as the org/10.1163/156854080X00508 brachyuran crabs Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791), Biffar TA, Provenzano AJ (1972) A reexamination ofDardanus venosus Callinectes danae Smith, 1869, Hepatus epheliticus (Lin- (H. Milne Edwards) and D. imperator (Miers), with a description naeus, 1763), and Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) are of a new species from the western Atlantic (Crustacea, Decapoda, Diogenidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 22: 777–805. among the crustacean species that have been documented Brooks WR, Gwaltney CL (1993) Protection of symbiotic cnidarians in association with C. tricolor, and all of them have by their hermit-crab host: evidence of mutualism. Symbiosis 15 been reported along the Mexican Atlantic coast (Arenas- (1–2): 1–13. Fuentes and Ramos-Rivera 2017, León-García and Carlgren O, Hedgpeth JW (1952) Actiniaria, Zoantharia and Cerian- Ramos-Rivera 2017, Raz-Guzmán and Ramos-Rivera tharia from shallow water in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Pub- 2017, Rodríguez-Almaráz and Ramos-Rivera 2017), lications of the Institute of Marine Sciences (University of Texas) 2: 143–172. the interaction between these crustaceans and the sea Chávez EA, Tunnell JW, Whiters K (2007) Zonación y ecología de los anemone, as well as its dispersal along the coast of Gulf arrecifes: Plataforma Veracruzana y Banco de Campeche. In: Tun- of Mexico could have favored the presence of C. tricolor nell JW, Chávez EA, Whiters K (Eds) Arrecifes coralinos del sur into the region. del Golfo de México. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Mari- The nearest previous record of C. tricolor in the Gulf nas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, of Mexico, at a site between Tamaulipas, Mexico, and México, 60–100. Corrêa DD (1964) Corallimorpharia e Actiniaria do Atlantico Oeste Texas, USA, about 50 km to the nearest coast (Gusmão Tropical. PhD thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 87 pp. 2010) is about 635 km north from the new records docu- Cutress CE, Ross DM (1969) The sea anemone Calliactis tricolor and mented here. The second nearest previous record is about its association with the Hermit crab Dardanus venosus. Journal of 650 km east, recorded by González-Muñoz et al. (2013) in Zoology 158:2 25–241. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969. Serpientes reef, about 50 km from the nearest coast. The tb02143.x new record here documented fills a gap of over 1500 km of Cutress CE, Ross DM, Sutton L (1970) The association of Calliac- tis tricolor with its pagurid, calappid, and majid partners in the coastline in the known distribution of C. tricolor (Fig. 2). Caribbean. Canadian Journal of Zoology 48: 371–376. https://doi. 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A 55 (128–129): 31–45. 128–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01913295 Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 625 Year 1940 1901 1951 1979 1938 1887 1962 1958 1945 1940 1940 1958 1940 1954 1940 1957 1884 1918 1961 1978 1958 1979 1957 1950 1899 1946 1959 1964 1964 1980 2016 1940 1960 1957 1938 6 12 12 18 18 73 15 26 18 12 12 27 35 20 20 29 15 15 6.5 (m) 183 21.5 Depth -81 -79.9 -81.3 -97.03 -82.55 -82.65 -97.04 -82.13 -76.65 -97.23 -91.32 -80.42 -79.72 -76.65 -67.04 -59.53 -64.73 -64.58 -88.07 -67.16 -97.05 -64.73 -67.05 -90.163 -71.001 -80.575 -75.388 -81.227 -90.163 -90.163 -55.092 -67.053 -77.418 -64.688 -81.215 Longitude 32 26.9 6.38 18.2 27.84 28.13 27.74 27.41 27.82 34.72 26.11 29.38 34.72 17.97 13.17 18.32 18.35 27.83 18.32 17.94 31.39 29.047 30.933 31.608 31.892 35.354 31.442 29.047 29.047 29.875 17.997 33.537 31.142 18.307 29.669 Latitude B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed Port Aransas, 2 Mile N of, Texas 2 Mile N of, Aransas, Port Off E Coast, in front of Florida of Off in front Coast, E Bay Marchand Lease Area, Port Fourchon, Louisiana Fourchon, Port Area, Lease Marchand Bay Georgia Island, Doboy Channel, Doboy Charlotte Harbor, Florida Harbor, Charlotte Florida Bay, Tampa Sarasota Bay, Near Longboat Key Near Longboat Bay, Sarasota Aransas Texas Aransas Pass, Off US and between coast, Bermuda E of Beaufort Bar, Port Isabel, Bay Area, Texas Area, Bay Isabel, Port Open Sea, between Georgia and SouthOpen Sea, Carolina Georgia between of South Carolina Open Sea, in front Off Tybee Island Georgia Off S of Louisiana City, Morgan Cape Hatteras, North Carolina Hatteras, Cape Georgia Sapelo Island, Beaufort, North Carolina Bay Marchand Lease Area, Port Fourchon, Louisiana Fourchon, Port Area, Lease Marchand Bay La Parguera Bay Marchand Lease Area, Louisiana Area, Lease Marchand Bay The Suriname OffRiver of the Mouth Of OffAlabama Mayaguez Pelican Island, 1.5 Mile Island, SW off Barbados Pelican St. John Island, Lameshur Bay, US Virgin Islands Virgin US Lameshur Bay, John Island, St. 6 Km S of Turrumote Island, off Parguera off Island, Turrumote 6 Km S of off NorthCarolina Islands Virgin British Little Bay, Island, Peter Off Georgia Sea Island, Islands Virgin US Horn Point, Cabritte John Island, St. Port Texas Aransas, St. John Island, Lameshur Bay, US Virgin Islands Virgin US Lameshur Bay, John Island, St. Turrumote Island Turrumote Locality Marineland Marina, Florida USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA Puerto Rico USA Suriname USA Puerto Rico Barbados USA Puerto Rico USA UK USA USA USA USA Puerto Rico Country Country USA http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36dd40ec2-cb64-40dd-9c97-6456bfdd943e http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36f8437a4-bdb0-46da-a23d-ed955c437730 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3c45c5532-51a5-4f32-bdcd-948da2f2e0b2 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/39ae9cbfb-155c-4b44-a304-fc298a3f00d1 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/374aff266-c79f-4226-b0b2-cdb139086090 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/37434864c-508a-49b5-abb3-a91590cd4499 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3db3ddea2-4d7e-44db-b118-ac43283365ae http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/37893a4d8-05f2-4d07-9ce8-2f508dd3fbf3 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e2c190df-bda5-44cc-9a7a-e00568b65456 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e0a30311-c012-4adb-8293-56e4d724a4ec http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/379875ba9-22e2-4f62-9e63-cb72385fd5d7 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/37f0479c2-2ee5-4fa7-8ecd-1e837833992b http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/37bc6af89-08e9-4c6e-a477-10d194829832 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e555ac5d-70bb-47c3-b4c2-1c17ec81acc0 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e403780b-96c5-4a47-899b-e91594ff741a http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/38d31f075-e87b-412b-9c09-b6d4c226b3aa http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/38356a75b-6a5d-46fe-9957-4e748fa8af93 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3ed206259-c07e-429d-944b-1189025a5235 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/394825c1d-4bdf-4508-bfe7-ecd0c759930e http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/38e8fba50-5999-4aa0-a795-d6cf8984564c http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/34e00a209-cf9e-4c06-9c98-e9c078971075 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33f793879-2949-4fd6-8cc3-586696ae73cf http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33f5cb32d-1b28-4b5c-add4-02a152cd7a36 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33edba864-84d7-4716-b077-d7f84c95d56e http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3ef3840c4-30b9-4759-a42b-9563b0876089 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3973b0823-13ea-40ef-83a9-4ab4be5a3cd4 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36b65512f-b5db-4056-ae96-c85983a8cfcc http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/365bb9465-7a8e-4341-8a72-5a357f066ed9 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/35b05c427-88d6-4251-b2d0-e74fa9af8f5b http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3ffde92cf-f33b-4e73-92f5-a70edcf88fc2 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3fd5cda19-3c3a-441a-a457-09fa7ebcb28e http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3fc4edd1a-517d-4ec7-b5f0-7ef43c07f9b9 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/398b041e9-fb30-4b61-853d-2022023af9d2 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36bcfd0fd-db8b-45d6-901d-b9143116d6f5 Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence 6f94f22e-552d-4310-bb2c-6faf1d488a51 Locality name inferred by geographic coordinates; B = Coordinates inferred by locality name; C = Complete data locality by name; C = Complete inferred B = Coordinates coordinates; geographic by name inferred Locality GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF Source Source GBIF 27 26 12 13 24 25 11 23 9 10 22 20 21 7 8 18 19 6 16 17 32 33 34 35 5 15 29 30 31 2 3 4 14 28 No. 1 Appendix of the known. distribution A1. Records tricolor of the sea anemone Calliactis Table by: completed *Data A = 626 Check List 14 (4) Year 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1952 1902 1949 1889 1976 1971 1971 1949 1940 1940 1949 1962 1957 1898 1962 1978 1898 1872 1898 1983 1958 1972 1971 1970 1978 1971 1971 1971 1972 1972 1972 1971 1971 9 18 17 19 16 18 12 26 12 31 10 11 12 40 59 17 17 18 82 18 59 28 (m) 108 18–27 Depth -40 -77 -38.9 -55.1 -76.8 -83.2 -95.8 -92.5 -43.17 -35.33 -47.28 -97.06 -67.14 -76.66 -81.74 -96.45 -94.43 -76.66 -76.68 -76.66 -76.65 -76.65 -80.08 -64.73 -55.87 -94.43 -94.43 -95.727 -80.875 -76.682 -94.912 -94.883 -90.163 -89.483 -88.958 -89.833 -88.683 -96.545 -95.975 Longitude 18 6.5 18.2 28.2 28.5 6.37 -19.8 -14.8 -5.33 -0.61 27.83 34.72 24.55 34.72 34.55 34.72 34.72 17.99 34.72 26.26 23.03 28.95 18.31 28.22 -22.88 29.237 29.158 34.679 29.133 29.047 28.408 28.717 29.237 29.237 29.183 28.717 29.667 27.625 28.147 Latitude B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C C C C A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed Rio de Janeiro Espírito Santo Espírito Bahia Ceará-Sergipe Mayagüez Harbor Mayagüez Amapá-Maranhão Gulf of Mexico, Port Aransas, Texas Aransas, Port Gulf of Mexico, South Texas Texas shelf, South Texas Texas Island, Galveston in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Texas City, Bay in front NW Gulf of Mexico, North Carolina, Beaufort, Gallent’s channel, Newport channel, River North Beaufort, Gallent’s Carolina, Off E coast, Daytona Beach, Florida Beach, Off Daytona coast, E West Key Keys, Florida North Carolina, Beaufort, off FortNorth Beaufort, Beach Macon off Carolina, Off mouth of the Suriname River Off NorthCarolina North Beaufort, Banks Shackleford Carolina, Beaufort Bar, E of Beaufort Bar, Jamaica, Kingston Harbour Beaufort Bar, E of Beaufort Bar, Off Hillsborough Inlet, Broward Co., Florida Co., Off Broward Hillsborough Inlet, Cuba, Caribbean Sea, Caribbean Bahia Honda Cuba, Fort Macon, NorthFort Carolina NW Gulf of Mexico, in front Galveston Island, Texas Island, Galveston in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Texas Island, Galveston in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Jamaica Little Lameshur Bay, St. John, US Virgin Islands Virgin John, US St. Little Lameshur Bay, Locality Bay Marchand Lease Area, Louisiana Area, Lease Marchand Bay The Suriname OffRiver of the Mouth Of NW Gulf of Mexico, open sea in front Louisiana open sea in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana Triumph, in front NE Gulf of Mexico, NW Gulf of Mexico, in front Galveston Island, Texas Island, Galveston in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Texas Island, Galveston in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana Isle, Grand in front NE Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana Isle, Grand in front NE Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana New Orleans, in front NE Gulf of Mexico, Texas Aransas, in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Texas Lavaca, Port in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Texas Lavaca, Port in front NW Gulf of Mexico, Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Puerto Rico Brazil USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA Surinam USA USA USA Jamaica USA USA Cuba USA USA USA Jamaica USA Country Country USA Surinam USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. Duerden (1902) Duerden (1998) Zamponi et al. Carlgren & Hedgpeth (1952) & Hedgpeth Carlgren urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-1881 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0039 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0037 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0040 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Field (1949) Field http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/30c825732-72cd-4189-b9bc-b23eec5b68ae http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/302fc8dc5-e8ac-4ffc-9476-cfb6729cfe48 Field (1949) Field http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3180ed228-ee63-45f6-9930-4890154788cc http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/31003434c-5b43-4fb5-86f3-5367691ebf9d Field (1949) Field http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/31c38dc45-ae04-4d8b-8fb6-bbdfc45b022f Duerden (1898) Duerden http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/32cbdd706-5470-402d-8edf-9f7de8ad710c b02a7717-1c6f-4185-af6b-c8cd37396458 McMurrich (1898) http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/331863bf0-005c-49dc-a019-1930cab97c55 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0033 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0032 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine NRM:EVmain:137242 MCZ:IZ:43776 Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33a44953f-9480-4efa-8196-f5e30df2e126 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/339270f08-74b4-4d84-8709-68d8e9124d64 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0038 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0042 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0041 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0044 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0043 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0045 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0036 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0035 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine Invertebrates:5-0034 urn:catalog:TCWC:Marine HoW HoW HoW HoW HoW HoW HoW GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF HoW GBIF GBIF HoW GBIF GBIF HoW GBIF HoW GBIF GBIF HoW GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF Source Source GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF GBIF 74 73 72 71 69 70 68 45 46 47 48 67 43 44 66 41 42 65 40 62 64 39 61 63 38 58 59 60 No. 36 37 56 57 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 627 Year 2016 2016 2016 1817 1985 2016 2002 1985 2016 2002 1993 1998 2013 1980 2006 2013 1980 1988 2004 2006 2013 1980 1995 2016 1970 1995 2016 1989 1986 2016 1906 1986 2016 1974 1906 1986 2016 1998 1998 (m) Depth -64.1 -48.4 -96.5 -38.8 -63.92 -64.22 -61.19 -85.36 -64.37 -72.39 -80.32 -68.25 -71.38 -85.36 -76.65 -89.77 -80.32 -90.47 -84.59 -80.32 -74.15 -48.17 -90.29 -84.41 -76.65 -66.89 -67.04 -76.65 -63.11 -85.36 -64.21 -88.83 -85.36 -64.15 -93.33 -80.32 -64.17 -46.55 -48.56 Longitude 11.3 27.5 29.8 10.91 10.45 10.42 13.24 29.75 10.39 18.61 25.44 10.84 19.86 29.75 34.72 22.53 25.44 21.44 29.82 25.44 21.44 29.91 34.72 11.79 17.97 34.72 11.37 29.75 10.83 29.84 29.75 10.84 25.44 10.98 -25.33 -25.92 -24.08 -26.81 -13.07 Latitude B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C C C A Data Data completed by*completed Laguna de Piedras, Bajo Manzanillo, Isla Margarita Bajo Manzanillo, Laguna de Piedras, La Chica, Golfo de Cariaco, Sucre de Cariaco, La Chica, Golfo Turkey Point, Florida Point, Turkey Playa San Luis, Cumaná San Luis, Playa Lesser Antilles, St. Vincent, Windward Islands Windward Vincent, St. Antilles, Lesser St. Joseph Bay, Florida Joseph Bay, St. Mochima Park National Haiti Turkey Point, Florida Point, Turkey Morrocoy National Park National Morrocoy Cayito de Arena, Buen Hombre Coast Buen Hombre de Arena, Cayito St. Joseph Bay, Florida Joseph Bay, St. Beaufort, North Carolina Arrecife Arrecife Yucatán Alacranes, Turkey Point Shoal, Florida Shoal, Point Turkey Concha Bay, Tayrona Park Tayrona Bay, Concha Municipio de Guaratuba sur del Estado de Paraná, Litoral e Itapoá Guaratuba entre limítrofe Región Arrecife Arrecife Yucatán Serpientes, Dog Island Shoals, Florida Dog Island Shoals, Turkey Point, Florida Point, Turkey Arrecife Madagascar, Yucatán Arrecife Madagascar, Bay Mouth Bar, Florida Mouth Bar, Bay Beaufort, North Carolina Los Roques Archipelago Los La Parguera, Puerto Rico La Parguera, Beaufort, North Carolina Isla Testigo Grande, Testigos Los Isla Testigo Texas, Gulf of Mexico, W part, Aransas Port in front Gulf of Mexico, Texas, St. Joseph Bay, Florida Joseph Bay, St. Isla de Cubagua, La Brea Isla de Cubagua, Louisiana, Cameron Louisiana, Chandeleur Islands Louisiana, St. Joseph Bay, Florida Joseph Bay, St. Isla de Cubagua, Las Cabeceras Isla de Cubagua, Locality São Paulo Catarina Paraná–Santa Jeribatuba) Bahia, Ilha de Itaparica,do Catu Amaro Santo Laguna de la Restinga, Canal de Entrada, Isla Margarita de Entrada, Laguna de la Restinga, Canal Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela USA Venezuela StVincent USA Venezuela Haiti USA Venezuela Domin. Rep. USA USA Mexico USA Colombia Brazil Brazil Mexico USA USA Mexico USA USA Venezuela Puerto Rico USA Venezuela USA USA Venezuela USA USA USA Venezuela Country Country Brazil Brazil Brazil González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Brooks & Mariscal Brooks (1986a) González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Le Sueur (1817) Le Brooks & Mariscal Brooks (1985) González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Herrera-Moreno & BetancourtHerrera-Moreno (2002) Brooks & Mariscal Brooks (1985) González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Herrera-Moreno & BetancourtHerrera-Moreno (2002) Brooks & Gwaltney (1993) & Gwaltney Brooks Rittschof (1998) et al. González-Muñoz et al. (2013) González-Muñoz et al. Bach & Herrnkind (1980) López-Victoria et al. (2004) et al. López-Victoria (2006) et al. Nogueira (2006) et al. Nogueira González-Muñoz et al. (2013) González-Muñoz et al. Bach & Herrnkind (1980) Hidaka & Mariscal (1988) González-Muñoz et al. (2013) González-Muñoz et al. Bach & Herrnkind (1980) Brooks (1995b) Brooks González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Cutress, Ross, & Sutton (1970) & Sutton Ross, Cutress, Brooks (1995a) Brooks González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Britton and MortonBritton (1989) Brooks & Mariscal Brooks (1986b) González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Cary (1906) Cary (1906) Brooks & Mariscal Brooks (1986a) González-Muñoz et al. (2016) González-Muñoz et al. Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. (1998) Zamponi et al. Dube (1974) Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal articleOriginal articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal HoW Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal HoW Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal HoW HoW Original articleOriginal Original articleOriginal Source Source HoW HoW HoW 103 102 101 88 100 113 87 99 112 86 98 111 85 97 110 84 94 95 96 109 83 93 108 82 92 107 81 91 106 80 90 105 78 79 89 104 No. 75 76 77 628 Check List 14 (4) Year 1977 2004 1940 2005 1924 2010 1971 1971 2004 1954 2010 2005 1964 2010 2005 1964 1964 1964 1964 2010 2005 2010 1977 2005 2010 2010 1976 2005 2010 1972 2005 2010 2010 1864 1969 2004 1817 2010 2004 6 6 6 6 5 6 9 6 15 15 10 19 25 10 15 20 31 12 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 (m) 4–8 183 18–36 Depth -79.9 -68.87 -64.73 -76.65 -38.84 -77.76 -45.12 -45.41 -46.06 -47.86 -67.05 -74.22 -67.16 -82.57 -89.99 -84.42 -76.65 -64.94 -67.16 -59.53 -97.05 55.86° -80.575 -96.450 -48.570 -94.910 -95.730 -48.570 -48.570 -81.227 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -76.682 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 Longitude 28.5 18.2 18.2 -3.54 -23.5 6.50° 12.07 18.32 34.72 33.33 28.13 17.94 11.25 27.75 29.25 29.92 34.72 18.34 13.17 24.83 -23.82 -23.82 -25.13 31.892 28.200 28.950 31.442 34.679 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 Latitude B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B C C A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed In front of Savannah, Georgia of Savannah, In front Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front ItapoáIn front In front Galveston Island, Texas Island, Galveston In front Texas City, Bay In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front Curazao, Caracas Baai Caracas Curazao, St John, U.S. Virgin Islands Virgin John, U.S. St In front ItapoáIn front Beaufort Georgia Sapelo Island, In front ItapoáIn front Praia do Segredo Praia de BertiogaPraia Ilha do Bom Abrigo Ceará Fortaleza, Enseada de Pecém, Off NorthCarolina In front ItapoáIn front Off Palm Bay, Florida Palm Bay, Off Saco da Ribeira,Saco Ubatuba In front ItapoáIn front Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, Caribbean Ocean, North Ocean, Caribbean Puerto Atlantic Rico, Mayagüez, Ocean Island Turrumote Colombia, Punta Betín, Marta Santa Punta Colombia, In front ItapoáIn front Fort Macon, NorthFort Carolina Tampa Bay, south of Saint Petesburg, Florida Petesburg, south of Saint Bay, Tampa In front ItapoáIn front Grand Island, Louisiana Island, Grand Suriname Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Puerto Rico, Florida Co., Franklin Point, Beach and Alligator Teresa’s Sta. In front ItapoáIn front St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea Caribbean Islands, Virgin U.S. Thomas, St. North Carolina of BeaufortE. Bay, In front ItapoáIn front Locality Gulf of Mexico Texas, and Tamaulipas Between Lesser Antilles, Barbados Antilles, Lesser USA USA Brazil USA USA Brazil Brazil Curacao USA Brazil USA USA Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil USA Brazil USA Brazil Brazil Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Colombia Brazil USA USA Brazil USA Suriname Puerto Rico USA Brazil USA USA Brazil Country Country USA Barbados NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Texas Cooperative Wildlife Coll. Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Pax (1924) Pax Gusmao (2010) Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Hedgpeth (1954) Hedgpeth Gusmao (2010) Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Correa (1964) Correa (1964) Correa (1964) Correa (1964) Correa Gusmao (2010) Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Gusmao (2010) Correa (1964) Correa Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Gusmao (2010) Gusmao (2010) Manjarés (1977) Manjarés Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Gusmao (2010) Conover (1976) Conover Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Gusmao (2010) Gusmao (2010) Cutress & Ross (1969) Cutress (1972) Sandberg Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Duchassaing & Michelotti (1864) Gusmao (2010) Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence Gusmao (2010) Le Sueur (1817) Le OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 Original articleOriginal Doctoral thesis OBIS 414745 Original articleOriginal Doctoral thesis OBIS 414745 Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis OBIS 414745 Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis OBIS 414745 Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis Original articleOriginal OBIS 414745 Doctoral thesis Original articleOriginal OBIS 414745 Doctoral thesis Doctoral thesis Original articleOriginal articleOriginal OBIS 414745 Original articleOriginal Doctoral thesis OBIS 414745 Source Source Doctoral thesis Original articleOriginal 151 152 150 138 139 140 149 126 137 148 125 136 147 121 122 123 124 135 146 134 120 145 132 133 119 144 131 118 143 130 129 116 117 142 115 128 141 No. 127 114 Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 629 Year 2001 1958 1997 1977 2005 1975 1977 1972 2005 1974 1940 1976 1977 2004 2005 1957 2005 1940 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2004 2004 1983 2004 2004 1977 1977 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 31 82 18 26 15 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 (m) Depth -81 -96.75 -96.75 -55.867 -75.642 -74.167 -96.450 -89.830 -48.570 -96.450 -80.417 -96.450 -48.570 -55.100 -96.450 -96.483 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -48.570 -97.320 -48.570 -48.570 -96.483 Longitude 32 6.5 27.5 27.5 9.700 6.367 11.311 28.200 28.720 28.200 28.200 28.200 31.142 28.233 27.430 28.233 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 -25.989 Latitude A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed In front Paramaribo, Surinam Paramaribo, In front Texas Aransas, Port In front Las Berrugas, Colombia Las Berrugas, Bahía de Concha, Colombia Bahía de Concha, In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front Louisiana In front In front ItapoáIn front In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front Port Aransas, Texas Aransas, Port In front Beaufort,In North front Carolina In front ItapoáIn front In front Paramaribo, Surinam Paramaribo, In front Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front Sea Island, Georgia SeaIn Island, front Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front Rock Island, Kleberg, Texas Kleberg, Rock Island, In front ItapoáIn front In front ItapoáIn front Locality In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front Surinam USA Colombia Colombia USA USA Brazil USA USA USA USA Brazil Surinam USA USA USA Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil Brazil USA Brazil Brazil Country Country USA NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic Marine and Coastal Research Institute - INVEMAR, Colombia,IABIN Institute - INVEMAR, Research Marine and Coastal Marine and Coastal Research Institute - INVEMAR, Colombia,IABIN Institute - INVEMAR, Research Marine and Coastal South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic Texas Cooperative Wildlife Coll. Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Texas Cooperative Wildlife Coll. Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 Source Source OBIS 414745 177 178 176 175 174 164 165 186 173 163 161 162 185 171 172 159 160 184 170 158 183 169 157 182 168 156 181 167 155 180 166 154 179 No. 153 30 Check List 14 (4) Year 2001 1950 1970 1972 1971 1940 2007 1978 1940 1978 2001 1977 1979 1971 1988 1977 1979 2004 2001 1977 1884 1977 1940 1972 1980 1972 1971 2004 1977 2004 1957 2004 1940 1 35 10 18 59 12 18 12 12 28 40 12 10 26 18 29 18 17 10 27 10 16 2.5 9.5 (m) 183 108 Depth -92.5 -88.067 -94.880 -88.960 -45.121 -74.154 -90.163 -71.001 -90.163 -79.900 -70.675 -84.400 -90.163 -95.980 -87.380 -90.163 -48.557 -75.684 -75.387 -96.983 -96.983 -80.875 -75.684 -77.418 -88.680 -94.430 -45.423 -96.483 -96.983 -48.557 -55.092 -48.557 -89.480 -48.570 -76.683 -96.983 Longitude 30 9.742 9.742 6.383 29.875 29.130 29.180 28.410 11.297 29.047 30.933 29.047 28.133 11.418 29.047 28.220 29.800 29.047 35.354 27.667 27.667 29.158 33.537 29.670 29.240 28.233 27.667 28.720 34.550 27.667 -23.501 -25.885 -23.828 -25.885 -25.885 -25.989 Latitude A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed In front Dauphin Island, Alabama Dauphin Island, In front Texas Island, Galveston In front Louisiana Triumph, In front Louisiana Island, March In front da Ribeira,Saco Ubatuba Bahía de Concha, Colombia Bahía de Concha, In front Timbalier Bay, Louisiana Bay, Timbalier In front Between North and Bermuda Carolina of Louisiana In front Beaufort,In North front Carolina in front Palm Bay, Florida Bay, Palm in front In front Dajaburo, Falcón, Venezuela Falcón, Dajaburo, In front In front of Louisiana In front Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front Florida Pensacola, In front Florida Pensacola, In front In front of Louisiana In front Guaratuba In front Rincón, In Colombia front In front Avon, North Carolina Avon, In front Texas Aransas, Port In front In front Port Aransas, Texas Aransas, Port In front In front Port Orange, Florida Orange, Port In front Rincón, In Colombia front Open sea, in front of NorthOpen sea, in front Carolina Louisiana Chandeleur Island, In front Texas Island, Galveston In front Barequezaba In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front In front Port Aransas, Texas Aransas, Port In front In front Guaratuba In front Surinam Paramaribo, In front Guaratuba In front Louisiana Triumph, In front Locality In front ItapoáIn front In front Port Aransas, Texas Aransas, Port In front USA USA USA USA Brazil Colombia USA USA USA USA USA Venezuela USA USA USA USA USA Brazil Colombia USA USA USA USA Colombia USA USA USA Brazil USA USA Brazil Suriname Brazil USA Country Country Brazil USA NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Marine and Coastal Research Institute - INVEMAR, Colombia,IABIN Institute - INVEMAR, Research Marine and Coastal NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Univ. Simon Bolivar Museum of Natural Sciences Simon Bolivar Museum of Natural Univ. NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas World of the Hexacorallians NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate 2000–2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo region Ocean in the South Pacific marine ecosystems Vulnerable NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974–1978 organism benthic NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Colombia,IABIN Institute - INVEMAR, Research Marine and Coastal NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974-1978 organism benthic South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974–1978 organism benthic Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence Cnidaria Sao Paulo 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo South TX Outer Continental Shelf and MI, AL, and FL Outer Continental Shelf Continental TX Shelf and MI, AL, FL Outer Continental Outer South sampling 1974–1978 organism benthic OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 Source Source OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 213 208 209 210 211 212 207 196 197 198 199 206 195 191 192 193 194 203 204 205 189 190 202 221 222 217 218 219 220 188 201 214 215 216 No. 187 200 Tello-Musi et al. | Calliactis tricolor in the Veracruz reef system 631 Year 1946 2004 1977 2001 2016 1954 1971 1971 1971 2015 1940 1971 25 40 17 17 73 59 1.5 1.5 (m) 12.5 14.5 Depth -95.940 -77.767 -97.050 -83.563 -95.800 -94.430 -94.430 -46.124 -75.642 -96.128 -79.717 -96.550 -47.861 -76.650 Longitude 9.700 19.108 33.333 27.833 24.564 28.150 29.240 29.240 19.221 31.608 27.630 34.717 -23.850 -25.120 Latitude C C A A A A A A A A A A A A Data Data completed by*completed Isla de En medio, Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, México Veracruzano, Arrecifal Sistema Isla de En medio, Open sea, in front NorthOpen sea, in front Myrtle Beach, South Carolina Port Texas Aransas, Out off Dry Tortugas, Florida Tortugas, Out off Dry In front Mata Gorda Island, Texas Island, Mata Gorda In front Texas Island, Galveston In front Texas Island, Galveston In front BertiogaIn front Colombia las Berrugas, In front La Gallega, Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, México Veracruzano, La Gallega, Arrecifal Sistema Locality In front Beaufort,In North front Carolina Texas Aransas, Port In front Ilha do Cardoso Beaufort, North Carolina Mexico USA USA USA USA USA USA Brazil Colombia Mexico Country Country USA USA Brazil USA New record NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Univ. of Florida Museum of Natural History Museum Coll. of Natural of Florida Zoology Invertebrate Univ. Texas Cooperative Wildlife Coll. Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo region Ocean in the South Pacific marine ecosystems Vulnerable New record Occurrence ID or citation Occurrence NMNH Invertebrate Zoology Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate Marine Invertebrates Coll. Wildlife Cooperative Texas 2000-2010 and Brazil Cnidaria Sao Paulo Coll. Zoology NMNH Invertebrate This study This OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 This study This Source Source OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 OBIS 414745 235 233 234 232 227 228 229 230 231 236 No. 223 224 225 226