2017 Kyrgyz Republic THE COUNTRY SERIES

Kyrgyz Republic

November 2017 ii KYRGYZ REPUBLIC pbc.org.pk For any queries or feedback regarding report, contact this please [email protected] ahsan.hamid@ or change. to subject included work. inthis data All and statistics are used correct as of September 1st, 2017,and may be authenticitythe of data, the The Pakistan Council,Business the or author(s), do not guaranteethedata of UN,WTO, the World or Bank, CIA. effort made been to cross-checkhas Although every and verify CIA World Factbook are responsibility the of author(s) the and donotthe necessarily reflect opinion Any conclusions and analysis on data based from ITC, UN Comtrade, World Doing Bank, Business and of Directors and Members of The Pakistan CouncilBusiness the companiesor they represent. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed doBoard views necessarily not the the of reflect Disclaimer: Ahsan Hamid Researcher: Lead Team Samir S.Amir Leader: Acknowledgements: org.pk More information its on members, PBC, the and its workings, found can be on its website: www.pbc. • • • • • The major objectivesas statedthe of PBC in its founding documents are: FoundingThe PBC’s Objectives: and reforms. State SECP Bank, and other regulators with objective the to provide assistance policy on initiatives new It on various serves taskforces also and committees of Government the of Pakistan as well of as those the recommendations to government the on legislation and other government affecting policies businesses. impact conduct the of business inand from Pakistan. has Thesubmitted PBC position paperskey and as well as other stakeholders including professional to develop bodies, consensus on major issues which worksThe PBC closelywiththe relevant government departments, ministries, regulators and institutions, on major the issues by faced Pakistan. to facilitate flow the of relevant information all stakeholdersto in order to help create an informed view compete inregional and arenas. global conducts The PBC research and holds conferences seminarsand business sector. Rather, is on its thrust easing key to advocacy barriers allow Pakistani businesses to group. advocacy pan-industry is a The PBC It is body nornot trade a does it advocate for any specific of CorporateCode Governance as applicable to listed companies. Though it is not requiredthelaw under so, to do followsthe PBC greatest the to extentpossible, the is a not-for-profitThe PBC entity, registeredSection 42 Companiesthe of under Ordinance 1984. chief by executiveheaded afull-time officer. businessesPBC cover nearly sectors of all formal the economy. It is aprofessionally-run organization (now 64)of Pakistan’s largest private-sector businesses and conglomerates, including multinationals. The Pakistan platform,is a CouncilBusiness advocacy business (PBC) policy established in2005 by 14 The Pakistan BusinessCouncil: foster andfurthertheeconomic,socialhuman resourcedevelopment ofPakistan. facilitate, to and Pakistan of development economic the in governments with interact To and toencourageinthedevelopment andgrowthofPakistani multinationals. To promote and facilitate the integration of businesses in Pakistan into the World economy for suchbusinesseswithinandoutsidePakistan. information relating to businesses of any kind, nature or description and on opportunities To acquire, collect, compile, analyze, publish and provide statistics, data analysis and other regard tomattersaffectingbusinessesin Pakistan. in awareness raising and research out carrying for works field and seminars workshops, To conduct,organize,setup,administerandmanagecampaigns,surveys, focusgroups, conduct ofbusinessinandfromPakistan. To providefortheformationandexchangeofviewsonanyquestionconnected with the AnOverview iii KYRGYZ REPUBLIC iv KYRGYZ REPUBLIC The PBC’s MemberCompanies The PBC’s The PBC’s MemberCompanies The PBC’s v KYRGYZ REPUBLIC vi KYRGYZ REPUBLIC The followingtable showsthe value percentageand change economic forselected indicators. transferwill surplus from Asia electricity Central to South Asia. generated country. inthe of apart CASA-1000 the is also project upon which completion hefty import since independence.bills As of 2014, sourceshydro-electric made up 91% the of electricity of upreserves to 24.4 billion tons. The absence of oil and gas has however burdenedwiththe country endowments, is only the coal fossil found fuel inany significant quantity in with Kyrgyzstan probable economy2015. The however is highly susceptible to anykind of internal turmoil.Regarding natural performingThe been tourismhas in well industry recent yearswith a revenue of USD 481 Million in regarding leads sector employment both, services and contribution to GDP, 50%,and 56%respectively. years with a CAGR of 2000-2015. Out 11% for of three the major period the sectors of economy, the the to mountainous the terrain. The manufacturingsector, the on other hand, has showngrowth overthe accounted for 7%of GDP the sector in2015.The hasthrived agricultural never in well Kyrgyzstan owing contributed on an average value 42%to last export inthe the five years. Moreover, also gold extraction The economy Kyrgyz derives aconsiderablepercentage of its revenuefrom which gold exports, and bilateral were ties established two the countries. between and holds still office.Pakistan extended diplomaticrecognition toDecember 1991 Kyrgyzstan on20th implementedto be to restore order country. inthe Almazek Atambayev president was elected in2011 in 2005.The country wentthrough political fromturmoil 2005 to 2010, and constitutional reforms had Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Akayev was able to extend his tenure for next the fifteenyears, he till was ousted oncountry 31st August 1991.Askar Akayev, uncontested, running first the became president the of resentment among against locals the government Soviet the to led Kyrgyzstan becoming an independent Union in1936.Political instability prevailing USSR inthe during late the century, 20th coupled with ofpart modern-day Kyrgyzstan to Russian the was ceded empire. Kyrgyzstan of apart became Soviet the regionthe was overrun and controlled by various empires. Finally, during eastern century the 19th the and of apart became Mongol the empire for next the two centuries. From century onwards, 16th the plundering nearby settlements. early the During century, 13th region the was ransacked by Mongols The the origin of people dates BC. TheKyrgyz back to 2000 wereKyrgyz originally nomadic raiders, Kyrgyz and Russian are official the languages the of country. Muslims,being another 20%of population the are Russian Christians. Orthodox 31 people per km 31 people per population of 6.1million (2017estimate) with amedian age of 25-29years and apopulation density of 199,591 km and The ranks . country fourth amongCentral the Asian states in terms of area - Kyrgyzstan Asia. landlocked inCentral is country asmall It is bordered by, , , is fourth the publication and features Series of Asia Central the Country Kyrgyz the Republic. – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan are covered being This by PBC. the Argentina, Brazil, Columbia Chile, and Mexico were featured. In ‘5’countries 2017the of Asia Central Mozambique, Nigeria and were South Africa showcased. In 2016, ‘5’ countries from South – America traditional markets to Pakistan’s exporters. In 2015‘6’countries –Angola, from Africa Ethiopia, Ghana, doing Profile since 2015has been Series (PBC) aimed aCountry Council at introducing non- In order to promote Pakistan’s with its trade non-traditional trading Pakistan the partners, Business Executive Summary: 2 . According to National the Statistics Committee of Kyrgyz the Republic, has country a the 2 on average. Islam is dominant the religion of with 75%of country the population the in easing bilateral trade, whereas EURASIAN the economic union inits is still stages. initial Apart Organization and (ECO) Organization the of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have had some positive effects facilitationtrade Commonwealth alliances.The of Independent StatesEconomic (CIS), Cooperation To facilitate and trade economic cooperation, Kyrgyzstan has become amember of various strategic and economies.both for Kyrgyzstan between trade and Pakistan. However, absence the of a suitable land route is a hurdle for countries with both trade quite is also differentfrom one other.calculation Adetailed showspotential two countries in 2016 was recorded at USD 20.0 Million & USD 2.9 million respectively. The nature of India and Pakistan have not significant been tradingpartners of tradedeficit The Kyrgyzstan. the with appliancesas electrical and capital were goods imported, resulting inan import bill of USD 1.4Billion. comprised mostly of raw materials and low-value Whereas, goods. high-valueconsumer such goods depicting an increase of 39%over to in 2016 were China 2015.Exports valued at USD 79.7million and Kyrgyzstan has had a constant deficit trade withChina. The deficit crossedBillion USD1.3 in2016 on imports dependency high from Kazakhstan for products food basic and fuels. mineral 484 million whereas it has asurplus, USD with 55million Uzbekistan. intrade This situation is owing to situation trade the for countries both is different. trade deficithas a Kyrgyzstan with Kazakhstan of USD In Asia, Central Kazakhstan is largest the of trading partner Kyrgyzstan followed by Uzbekistan. However, deficit trade 45% inthe compared to 2015. took lead.Kyrgyzstan the deficit had atrade of USD 0.6 withbillion in2016, an improvement of Russia largest the has been to exporter Kyrgyzstan however, situation the changed China in2016when Russia was Kyrgyzstan’s 2nd largest import and partner 3rd largest in2016.Since partner 2001, export import origins of Kyrgyzstan accounting for 84%of imports in2016. Regarding imports, Russian the China, Federation, Kazakhstan, Turkey and USAare the top the 5 destinations of Kyrgyzstan; five these countries accounted for 81.5% the export of revenue in2016. Switzerland, Kazakhstan, Russian the Federation, Uzbekistan, and Turkey are top the 5 export were among top the 10imports of Kyrgyzstan. with imports totaling USD 3.84Billion. Mineral fuels, industrial machinery, footwear, iron, and plastic have on a declining been trend 2015-16 saw since 2013, and a 5.5% decline import in the period the bill aeronautical equipment, vehicles other than railway, and apparel are main the items. export Imports recorded at 1.4billion USD declined by in 2016which 1.2%over previous the year. Gold, ores& slag, point of USD 4.0 Billion in 2013, it has since declined to USD revenue 2.4 Billion in 2016. Export was For past the 16years, has apersistent country the faced deficit. trade tradedeficit The reachedhighest its inunemploymentrise is aconcern. growth rate of 3.83% and inflation down economythe at 0.42% appearsbe stabilizing,to however,the economicThe conditions of forKyrgyzstan the year 2016 areportrayed tablethe by above. With a Unemployment (ILO Method) Inflation GDP perCapita(USD) Real GDP(USDBillions) Nominal GDP(USDBillions) Indicator Major EconomicIndicators-2016 1077.04 7.68% Value 6.32 6.55 - % Changefrom2015 -1.90 3.93 0.42 3.83 1.67 vii KYRGYZ REPUBLIC viii KYRGYZ REPUBLIC compared to 2016. Apart from international regarding aspects all trade business activity have shown adecline in2017as abusinessrunning for by alocal eachcountry, Kyrgyzstan as ranks of 75th 2017on overall the ranking. According to Doing the Business Index, is which measured to determine relative the of ease starting and Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, and Tajikistan to name afew. from multilateral these treaties, Kyrgyzstan has bilateral also agreements trade free with eight countries; List ofContents 3.6 Poverty: 3.5 Unemployment: 3.4 Inflation: 3.3 GDPperCapita: 3.2 GDP: 3.1 SectorsoftheEconomy: Economic Overview 2.3 Post-independence Kyrgyzstan: 2.2 AsSovietKyrgyzstan: 2.1 From AntiquitytotheSovietUnion: Short CountryHistory 1.18 Communications: 1.17 Transportation: 1.16 Government: 1.15 Languages: 1.14 ProminentReligions: 1.13 Ethnicgroups: 1.12 Lifeexpectancyatbirth: 1.11 Population: 1.10 AdministrativeRegions: 1.9 Climate: 1.8 Total Area: 1.7 Location: 1.6 CentralBank: 1.5 Currency: 1.4 CapitalCity: 1.3 Timezone: 1.2 Coordinates: 1.1 Name: Geographic andSocialIndicators List ofContents Executive Summary: MemberCompanies The PBC’s Founding Objectives: The PBC’s The Pakistan BusinessCouncil:AnOverview Disclaimer: ii Acknowledgements: 26 25 24 23 22 18 15 12 12 11 09 07 06 06 06 06 05 05 04 04 04 04 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 01 Tourism: 104 Section breaks Cover Page: Data Sources 103 6.3 Consulate: 6.2 Embassy: 6.1 EaseofdoingBusiness: Doing Business 5.8 Trade Alliances: 5.7 Trade withPakistan: 5.6 Trade withIndia: 5.5 Trade withChina: 5.4 Trade withUzbekistan: 5.3 Trade withKazakhstan: 5.2 Trade withtheRussianFederation 5.1 RegionalTrade: Trading Partners: 4.3 Trade Trend: Partners 4.2 Trade Trend: Products 4.1 Trade Overview: Trade Overview 3.9 Foreign DirectInvestment(FDI): 3.8 Tourism: 3.7 OBOR: vi iv ix iii iii ii 104 104 103 102 102 101 99 78 70 66 61 56 51 46 45 43 40 36 35 33 32 28 26 ix KYRGYZ REPUBLIC x KYRGYZ REPUBLIC from UzbekistanatHS06 Level Table 24:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from UzbekistanatHS02 Level Table 23:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports Uzbekistan atHS06Level Table 22:Top 25Kyrgyzstan’s Exports to Uzbekistan atHS02Level Table 21:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto from KazakhstanatHS06Level Table 20:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from KazakhstanatHS02Level Table 19:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports Kazakhstan atHS06Level Table 18:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto Kazakhstan atHS02Level Table 17:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto from RussiaatHS06Level Table 16:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from RussiaatHS02Level Table 15:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports Russia atHS06Level Table 14:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto Russia atHS02Level Table 13:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto Table 23:RegionalTrade 2016 Table 11:ExportPartners (2012-2016) Table 10:ImportPartners (2012-2016) (2012-2016) Table 9:Top 25ImportsatHS-06Level (2012-2016) Table 8:Top 10ImportsatHS-02Level (2012-2016) Table 7:Top 25ExportsatHS-06Level (2012-2016) Table 6:Top 10ExportsatHS-02Level Table 5:ContributiontoFDI Table 4:HydroPower PlantsinKyrgyzstan Table 3:EconomicIndicators Table 2:Population Statistics Table 1:AdministrativeRegions List ofTables 60 59 58 57 55 54 53 52 50 49 48 47 45 41 40 39 38 37 36 32 21 17 05 04 Members– 2016 Table 45:ImportsandExports withOIC from CISatHS06Level Table 44:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from CISatHS02Level Table 43:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports CIS atHS06Level Table 42:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto CIS atHS02Level Table 41:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto with CISMembers: Table 40:Trade Values andPercentage from Pakistan atHS06Level Table 39:Kyrgyzstan’s Potential Imports Pakistan atHS06Level Table 38:Kyrgyzstan’s Potential Exportsto Table 37:ImportcomparisonwithPakistan from Pakistan atHS06Level Table 36:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from Pakistan atHS02Level Table 35:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports Pakistan atHS06Level Table 34:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto Pakistan atHS02Level Table 33:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto from IndiaatHS06Level Table 32:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from IndiaatHS02Level Table 31:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports India atHS06Level Table 30:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto India atHS02Level Table 29:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto from ChinaatHS06Level Table 28:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Imports from ChinaatHS02Level Table 27:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Imports China atHS06Level Table 26:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto China atHS02Level Table 25:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 74 74 73 72 71 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 Table 59:DoingBusinessinKyrgyzstan Table 58:CARECEnergyProjects Table 57:CARECTransport Projects Table 56:ExportstoTrade Allies2016 Table 55:ImportsfromTrade Allies2016 ECO atHS06Level Table 54:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25 Imports from ECO atHS02Level Table 53:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10 Imports from ECO atHS06Level Table 52:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto ECO atHS02Level Table 51:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto Members– 2016 Table 50:ImportsandExportswithECO OIC atHS06Level Table 49:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25 Imports from OIC atHS02Level Table 48:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10 Imports from OIC atHS06Level Table 47:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 25Exportsto OIC atHS02Level Table 46:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exportsto List ofTables 101 100 99 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 xi KYRGYZ REPUBLIC List of Figures

Figure 1: Map of Kyrgyzstan 03 Figure 2: Population Pyramid 05 Figure 3: GDP Composition 19 Figure 4: Volume of Ores Extracted 20 Figure 5: Electricity Composition. 21 Figure 6: GDP Real and Nominal 22 Figure 7: GDP Growth Rate 23 Figure 8: GDP per Capita 23 Figure 9: Annual % Change in Inflation 24 Figure 10: Unemployment 25 Figure 11: Poverty 26 Figure 12: OBOR Map 27 Figure 13: Receipts from Tourism 28 Figure 14: Issyk-Kul Lake 29 Figure 15: Pamir Mountain Range 29 Figure 16: Song Kol Lake 30 Figure 17: Burana Tower 30 Figure 18: Bazaar () 31 Figure 19: Net Inflow of Foreign Direct Investment (Net inflow = Inflow-Outflow) 32 Figure 20: Balance of Trade 35 Figure 21: Major Export Partners 40 Figure 22: Major Import Partners 41 Figure 23: Balance of Trade with Russia 46 Figure 24: Balance of Trade with Kazakhstan 51 Figure 25: Balance of Trade with Uzbekistan 56 Figure 26: Balance of Trade with China 61 Figure 27: Balance of Trade with India 66 Figure 28: Balance of Trade with Pakistan 70 Figure 29: Actual and Potential Exports to Pakistan 75 Figure 30: Actual and Potential Imports from Pakistan 76 Figure 31: Kyrgyzstan Trade with CIS as % of Total Trade 78 Figure 32: Kyrgyzstan’s trade with OIC as % of total trade 84 Figure 33: Kyrgyzstan’s trade with ECO as % of total trade 90 Cathedral SECTION I Geographic and Social Indicators

China (1,063 km) to (1,063km) east.China the North,the Uzbekistan to (1,314km) west the and southwest, Tajikistan to (984km) southwest the and Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked situated country Asia. in Central It is bordered by Kazakhstan (1,212 km) to 1.7 1.6 1.5 Currency: 1.4 1.3 1.2 Coordinates: 1.1 Name: 1. Geographicand • • • • UTC+6 • • Bishkek National of Bank Kyrgyz the Republic (NBKR) Kyrgyzstani (KGS) Som 41.2044° N,74.7661°E Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) Location: Central Bank: Capital City: Time zone: Social Indicators Figure1:MapofKyrgyzstan

03 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 04 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC • • • City are two the Independent cities. Kyrgyzstan is into divided regions seven and two independent cities. Thecapital, Bishkek City and Osh 1.10 temperate zone. foothill northern inthe continentalDry to Tien polar high in the Shan Mountains; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); 1.9 Climate: 199,591 km In terms of area Kyrgyzstan ranks fourth among Asian Central the states with atotal area of 1.8 1.11 Population: Table 1: Administrative Regions • • Water: 8,150km Arable 13,373km Land: Land: 191,801km Land: Population growth rate: 2.01%(2017estimate) Total Population: 6,140,200(2017estimate). AdministrativeRegions: Total Area: 2 . Jalal AbadRegion Issyk Kul Region Batken Region Naryn Region Naryn Chuy Region Talas Region Bishkek City City/Region Osh Region Osh City 2 . 2 . 2 . Administrative Regions Area (km 32,418 43,735 13,406 28,934 44,160 19,895 17,048 183 170 2 ) Ethnic groups: 1.13 Ethnic 1.12 Table 2:PopulationStatistics Figure • • • • • • • •  1.12  1.14  1.13        

Other 5.9%(Uyghur,Other Tajik, Turk, Tatar, Kazakh, Ukrainian, Korean, German) Dungan 1.1% Russian 7.7% Uzbek 14.3% Kyrgyz 70.9% Female: 75.1 years Male: 66.5 years Total population: 70.7 years Life expectancyatbirth:

2 Age Group Age (years) 65 andolder 15-24 25-54 55-64 : Population Pyramid 0-14 65+ Female: Muslim Kyrgyz 70.9% Male: Total population: Russian Orthodox 20% Uzbek 14.3% Other 5% Russian 7.7% Dungan 1.1% Dungan Other 5.9%(Uyghur, Tajik, Turk, Kazakh, Tatar, Ukrainian, Korean, German 15-24 25-54 55-64 0-14

15

66.5 years

75% 75% Life expectancy at birth: at expectancy Life Prominent Religions: Prominent Ethnic groups: 75.1 years

10 70.7 years Age andGenderwisePopulation Statistics(2017Estimate)

Percentage

32 17 39 7 4 Population (Hundred Thousands) (Hundred Population Figure 2:PopulationPyramid 5 Kyrgyzstan 2017

Males

Females 0

1,008,005 1,187,783 541,029 197,289 108,404 Males 5

10 )

1,213,819 Females 961,365 521,250 234,412 166,844 15

05 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 06 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC • • • • 1.16 Government: are spoken also country. inthe Breakup of spoken the languages is as follows: Kyrgyz and Russian are official both , however there areother languages which 1.15 Languages: Religions: 1.14 Prominent 1.17 Transportation: terms) inasingle nationwideelected constituency by aproportional representation vote 5-year to serve Legislative System: Unicameral Supreme or Council Jogorku Kenesh (120seats; members directly committee chairs appointed by President. the Cabinet: Proposed by Prime the Minister, appointed by President. the Defense and security Head of government: Prime Minister Head of state: President • • • • • Airports: • • • • • Other 5% Other Russian 20% Orthodox Muslim 75% Railway: 470km. Railway: Roads: Other 5.2% Other Russian (official) 9% Uzbek 14.4% Kyrgyz (official) 71.4% o o o o o o Unpaved runways: 29 Paved runways: 21 Total: 18,810km roads: 1,621 km Earth Gravel roads: 9,961 km Hard-surfaced roads: 7,228 km 1.18 Communications: • • • • Internet users: Telephones -mobile cellular: Telephones -fixed lines +996 DialingCode: Country o o o o o o Percent of population: 30.2% (July 2015est) Total: 1.713 million Subscriptions 100inhabitants: 134 per (July 2015est) Total: 7.579 million Subscriptions 100inhabitants: 7 per (July 2015est) Total subscriptions: 408,037 07 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

Statue in Bishkek SECTION II Short Country History 10 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC of life. firstthe newspaper.Kyrgyz However, most populationthe of continued to clingtraditional their to ways mining. It thatthe also firstin the books wasperiod inthis language Kyrgyz were publishedalong with arraya wide of developmental programs such as large-scale housing, improvement and ininfrastructure economic and life political of Russia. early the During years of Russian 20th-century the began specialists More settling started inKyrgyzstan and Kyrgyz the people integrated themselves into the region to Russia. was ceded Tarbagatai. According to treaty, this of day eastern the part modern Kyrgyzstan, mainly Issyk the Kul and Tashkent (1865).In late the centuryRussia 19th known and apact as Treaty the signed China of asstart Russians the played an important role in defeating Khanate the of Kokand at Bishkek (1862) By 1800s,Russians the to hadmove begun and inKyrgyzstan. settle alliance This worked the in well persistentThe conflicts ethnic thewith forced the toalliances Kyrgyz theform with Russians. and centuryrespectively. mid18th 19th 17th, the were overrun by Kalmyks, the Manchurian the and Qing Dynasty Uzbek the Khanate of Kokand in the fromThe era was century the a the 19th 17th to turbulentthe period, one.this During tribes Kyrgyz finally gainedfrom independence the Mongols. Horde and Oriot the and Jumgar Khanates that that succeeded empire. It wasKyrgyzstan in1510when bywho had time become this disunited. For next the 200years, Kyrgyz the remained under Golden the written language.son The Khan,Genghis of Dzhuchi, conqueredthe the tribes of Kyrgyz Yenisey region, The Mongol invasionCentral the centurycostof the 13th in Asia their independence theirand Kyrgyz Kyrgyz Empire of part became Mongol the Empire, aprocess was which completed by 1207. andto shrink, bythe twelfth the century theAltan to had shrunk range.territory Kyrgyz Graduallythe nextthe 200years. However, afterthat, ever-expandingthe Mongol Empirecaused the EmpireKyrgyz century onwards Kyrgyz the people migrated as far as Tian the Shen range and dominated region the for Kyrgyz Empire reached its zenith after defeatingthe UyghurKhaganate in840A.D. Fromthe tenth According to were David C.King, earliest the the settlers inpresent-day Kyrgyzstan. The reason, instigated they building the of Great the Wall of China. day . The werebanditsKyrgyz persistentlyand the raided nearbyvillages Chinese and forthis The 2000 BC. then wereKyrgyz a nomadicpeople and inhabitedoriginally the areawhich is in present The firstwritten records the of civilizationKyrgyz Chinese chroniclesthe in appear beginningabout 2.1 Union, as Kyrgyzstan Soviet and era. post-independence the The history of from intocanbe divided Kyrgyzstan periods; three time distinct antiquitySoviet the to 2. From AntiquitytotheSovietUnion: Short Country History: 11 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 12 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC country. President Gorbachev and finally on 31st AugusttheRepublic 1991 of sovereignbecame a Kyrgyzstan defeated by Askar Akayev. In USSR the itself instability prevailed after coup afailed attempt against presidentialin the elections held same inthe year communist the chief Absamat party Masaliyev was and on of 4th the July Osh 1990inthe province for as atrigger acted separation. Moreover, Ashtar, expanded into apro-democracy movement. The outburstthe violence between of ethnic Uzbek In glasnost the &perestroika eraof Gorbachev, activist groups several came into existence, one of these; In late the 1980s,nationalism was owing on rise the to of policies MikhailS.Gorbachev. leader Soviet the 1960s, Kyrgyz politicians were elevated positions to high established which apattern patronage. of local Russians generally dominated republic’s the government end the of 1950s.Starting the till from the employmentSovietsthe The mined to and locals. the Issyk jobsecurity Kul region for uranium. extracting The Russians improvedthe infrastructure general of soviettheKyrgyzstan during era as well as providing labor camps. lands.thebecamecause This for regional tensions. who Those resisted were either executed sent or to controls, and targeted suppression of indigenous the population along with confiscation the their of The collectivizationpolicies of thetheStalin impositionduring 1920s led to taxes,of forcedlabor, price MikhailVasilyevichGeneral Frunze had who played an important role Russian inthe war. civil republic of Union Soviet the in1936.Thecapital Bishkek also was renamed after Frunze the famous namethe was changed to Kyrgyz Autonomous Republic before region the attained status the of afull was named Kara-Kyrgyz the autonomous region to distinguish its people from Kazakhs. the In 1926 The independence movementKyrgyz was finally suppressed the by communists in1919 theand region in 1917. founded by Kazakhs the and Kyrgyz was inestablishing successful ashort lived autonomous government advantage of instability the to break from free Russian control. a TheAlash Order; pro-democratic party The continuedKyrgyz, their RevolutionevenBolshevik rebellion theduring takeof 1917 to tried and Tomak inthe rise region (Kyrgyz) where locals the raided station apolice to acquire weapons. broke out Russian between settlers and Kyrgyz the people. Simultaneously tensions ethnic were on the mass protest by Kyrgyz the people inTashkent where fired police shots the crowd,at violence and ethnic there was an uprising inKhojent spread soon which across Turkestan the region. This was followed by a Russian army for First the World War multiple triggered revolts throughout region. the July On4th 1916, The presence of Russiansettlers in theandKyrgyzstan efforts to conscript thepeople Kyrgyz into the 2.2 ignored to alarge extent. was handled by security Russian External the Federation. By 1993there was itsDuring early years, inadequate internal protocols security aseriousthreat did not it pose so was and was this widely appreciated by international the community. . early During years of Akayev the presidency, Kyrgyzstan appeared to flourish 1991.RunningOctober uncontested Askar Akayev received 95%of votes the cast and first the became After achieving independence,theRepublic’s SupremeSovietscheduled direct presidential elections in 2.3 AsSovietKyrgyzstan: Post-independence Kyrgyzstan: pharmaceutical factory atpharmaceutical factory Bishkek. order to strengthen an credit ties; export of USD 10million was offered forthe establishment of a A diplomatic resident mission at ambassadorial level was established at Bishkek inAugust 1995.In establishment of diplomatic relations Pakistan between and Kyrgyzstan on was signed May 10th 1992. Pakistan extended diplomatic recognition to Kyrgyzstan 1991.Aprotocol on December 20th for the Sariyev’s successor PMon became April 13th 2016and inoffice is still once again parliament was dissolved in April 2016 owing to corruption charges. ; and dissolved afterthree months. Otorbaev was succeeded by on 1st May 2015, but but in2014his coalition collapsed.parliament The new OtorbaevDjoomart underhad a short lifespan Aalay Karashev was formed. Zhantoro Satybalidyev formed government anew on September 2012, 5th Parliamentboth and PMresigned the over corruption alleged charges and an interim government under Atambeyev contested for presidency the in2011and won; he is incumbent the president. In March 2012, in less than three weeks; by he was succeeded Omurkek Babanov. power from presidency the to parliament. Almazek Atambeyev prime was elected minister but resigned Kyrgyz forcingthe country. to flee Bakiyev thebecame interimRoza Otunbeyeva president and shifted of elections legitimacy the the was challenged. Ethnic violence broke out Uzbeks in2010between and in 2007forcing government the to go for constitutional reforms. was re-elected in2009but Bakiyev country. The prosecutor general and a member parliamentof (MP) were assassinated.Riots broke out Kurmanbeki president was elected Bakiyev in2005,however instability political prevailed inthe . unpopularhighly and was forcedthe to country andflee laterto This resign. came be known to the as 2003 Russia allowed was to also setup an in Kyrgyzstan. airbase By 2005, President Akayev had become moved away from Russian the to UScamp. the This led to increased tensionswith Russia. However, in in Afghanistan. Al-Qaeda as a seen This wassurprising movetheRepublic as appeared to have suddenly In 2001,during his third term,President Akayev offeredthe United States an airbase at Manas to combat force republic the had to rely on support from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. 2000. In 1999Kyrgyzstan was attacked by Muslim militants from Tajikistan. to lack Due the of amilitary five years. AkayevIn 1998 convincedthe legislature allowto run him forto third a -term as president in to extend his tenure elections 2001. Akayev in 1995 and presidency the till called secured for another Kyrgyz Republic. In by 1995apetition signed 1.2million people urged legislature the to allow Akayev again acause of resentment for many. According toconstitution new the was renamed country the May constitution 1993anew was adopted, however presidential the suggested model by Akayev was resentment among general the population owing to nepotism Akayev inthe administration. On5th 13 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

Balyachy, Kyrgystan SECTION III Economic Overview 16 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 3:EconomicIndicators 3 2 1 According to UNDP majorlysector caters to domestic the market. It largest the is also employer. sectorpercentageThe as a share service the of of GDP increasingbeen has since independence. The earnings and its share is 29%inGDP, average 42%of earnings last inthe export five the years. Manufacturing is a major contributor to export The has country gotrich depositswith mineral beinggoldthelargest export item contributing on an resources. conducted bya survey UNDP, has country the ahuge potential to generate from electricity renewable and fuel mineral oils,mineral constitutedbeen in 2016 they nearly 11% of import the bill. According to anet importerhas been of items food since its independence. Thelargest import item of has Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan owing to mountainous the terrain and climatic uncertain conditions. Moreover, Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan is ranked as 141st the largest economy world. inthe Agriculture has never in thrived The majoreconomic indicators 2010 to 16 forperiod arethe showntablethe below: in 3. The majorcauses behindthe deterioration economythe in were: economy. difficulties These were primarily thetransited as country caused from a commandafree to market Kyrgyzstan, arelatively young alot faced country of economic immediately difficulties after independence. Kyrgyzstan has aGini3 of Coefficient shows 26.8,which alow level of income inequality country. inthe Population (Millions) FDI (NetInflowsUSDMillion) Exchange Rate (SomperUSD) Annual %inflation GDP percapitaUSD Nominal GDPUSDMillion • • Migration. • • • (0:completeequality)-(100: inequality) HumanDevelopment Index UnitedNationDevelopment Program Economic Deterioration ineducation, care health services. and other social Increasing transportation costs. ofLoss cheap supplies energy from other republics. Termination of subsidies. 1 , Kyrgyzstan ranks 120on HDI the Overview: 4,794.36 2010 Economic Indicators 402.40 880.04 45.96 5.45 7.97 1,123.88 6,197.77 2011 701.30 46.14 16.50 5.51 2 indicating alow level of human development. 1,177.97 6,605.14 2012 324.40 47.00 5.61 2.69 1,282.44 7,335.03 2013 640.17 48.44 5.72 6.61 1,279.77 7,468.10 2014 352.90 53.65 5.84 7.53 1,139.26 1,121.08 6,678.18 2015 64.46 5.96 6.50 1,077.04 6,551.29 2016 467.00 69.91 6.08 0.42 17 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 18 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC category and 16.5%by category food the total manufacturing output of 140Billion Kyrgyz Soms in2015,58.5%was contributed by metals the excluding and equipment, machinery followed by beverages food, and the tobacco category. Out of the Output of manufacturing the is sector dominated by production the of and products metals basic metallic manufacturing to sector GDP the has increased over last the decade. manufacturing showed sector aCAGR of 11%.Unlike sector, agricultural the contribution the of the Since manufacturing 2000,the of sector Kyrgyzstan has done well, 2000&2015,the between employed 15percent of labor the force. Inpetrochemicals. Manufacturing 1999,the accounted sector for 20percent of country’s the GDP and of manufacturing including power the industry, engineering and metal-work, fuel, chemicals, and underwent considerable contraction. 1990 and 1995 production Between sectors declined in all Immediately following collapse the of Kyrgyz the USSR, the industrial and manufacturing sectors 3.1.2 agriculture has sector sufferedfrom adrop in productivity overthe years. produce and from eggs livestock the contribute section majorly from to exports the Kyrgyzstan. The From crops the sub-sector, only tobacco and cotton are inany exported significant quantity. Dairy vegetables, and cotton whereas livestock the category is dominated by and livestock, . poultry gross output agricultural respectively. The crops Sub-sector is dominated grains,by potatoes, legumes, Republic 2005–2015;crops for period and the livestock contributed on an average 52%and 45%of the According to agriculture the statistics published by National the Statistics Committee of Kyrgyz the sectors combined. total output of 196.9Billion Kyrgyz Soms, amere 0.2%was contributed by forestry the and fishing the fishing,the contribution of hunting and fishing the to gross output is negligible and as of2015 out the of Although comprises sector agricultural the of four sub-sectors; crops, livestock, hunting, and forestry & The agriculture and livestocksector employs around 30% the activelaborof force the of Republic. Kyrgyz 3.1.1 AgriculturalSector: 3.1 SectorsoftheEconomy: the GDPthe in2015followed by construction the contributing sector another 8%to GDP. the sector is dominatedservice The the by ‘Repair transportation’of category which made up about 18% of GDP.sector mainlycaters service The the domesticto market. sector employed service The around 50% the of labortotal force in2016 and contributed 56%the to 3.1.3 ServiceSector: Manufacturing Sector: reflected by an increase in its contribution the GDP,to were 56% the GDP.services of in2016 sector, reduce toservice 29%in2016.The the on other hand, has shown rapidgrowth overthe years as GDP in2016. The manufacturingwhichsector contributed 35% the GDPto seen in1991 hasits share over years, the contribution the of agriculture the has sector declined from 37%in1991to 14%of the At oftime the independence, had each sector nearly an share equal Kyrgyz in the economy. However, 3.1.4 GDPcomposition: reflected by to 29%reduce

GDP in 2016. over theover years, the contribution of At the time of At Figure

% of GDP 3 10 20 30 40 50 60 : GDP Composition 0 1990 3.1.4 an increasein itscontrib ution

The independence, 1992 in 2016 GDP composition:GDP Agriculture as %Agriculture GDP of as manufacturing 1994

. The servicesector, theon other hand, hasshown rapid growth theover years 1996 each sector had

sector the 1998

agriculture sector has declined from 37%in 199 GDP Composition GDP which Figure 3:GDPComposition 2000 to the GDP, in 2016 services were 56% theof GDP. Manufacturing of as% GDP contributed 35% to the GDP in 1991 nearly 2002 an equal share in the Kyrgyz economy. However, Year 2004

2006

2008 Services as % GDPServices of as 2010 has seen 2012 1 to 14% of the 2014 its share 2016

as as

19 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 20 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC owned company, KyrgyzAltyn, however operations in2016owing ended to depletion of reserves. Makmal gold mine is second the largest gold mine inKyrgyzstan. The mine was operated by a state- international market. gold increased by exports almost 6%but total the by value decreased 3%owing to reduced prices inthe economy, it susceptible is highly to shocks international inthe bullion markets. In volume 2014the of Inc.Gold with latter the majority the being shareholder. Although revenue from gold is central to the The KumtorGold mine joint is a venture the of governmentKyrgyz Canadianand a company,Canterra tons of proven of gold reserves and another 60.4Million tons of probable reserves. located Issyk inthe Kul region is which 80Km from capital the city Bishkek. Kumtor has 8.83Million of 2015,it made up around 7%of GDP. the Thelargest the country in aregold foundreserves at Kumtor Kyrgyzstan is resources. rich inmineral is Gold top the resource mineral inKyrgyzstan extracted and as 3.1.5 has richhydro power resources; however, are exploited. fully these to be still of domestic oil and fuels are these gas, both imported and form amajor portion of imports. Kyrgyzstan The fieldsmain coal the are in south and north Fergana, Uzgenian, Kavaksky, and Jergalan. the In absence are 656.6 million tons currently of reserves under exploration development with further pipeline. in the with probable of 24.4billion reserves tons. Proven of are coal reserves more than 1.7billion tons. There is only the fossil found fuel Coal inabundant quantities inKyrgyzstan. There are 35 major deposits coal company, KyrgyzAltyn, however operations ended in 2016 owing to depletion of reserves. Makmal gold mine is the second largestgold mine Kyrgyzstan. in international market. gold exports Kyrgyzstan hasrich hydro powerresources; however, these are still tofully be exploi absence of The main coal fieldsin are t Coal is is Coal the only fossil found fuel abundant in quantities 4:VolumeofExtracted Ores Figure economy, it highlyis susceptible to Gold Inc. with the latterbeing the majority shareholder. Although revenuefrom goldcentral is to the KumtorThe Gold ismine a joint venture of the Kyrgyz government andCanadian a company, Canterra provenof reserves goldof and another 60.4 Million pr tons of located in the IssykKul region 2015,of it made Kyrgyzstanrich is in mineral resources. is Gold the are 656.6 tonsare million probablewith reserves of 24.4billion tons. reservesProven of coal are morethan billion 1.7 tons 3.1.5

Tonne Mining andQuarrying: 10000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

0 domestic Mining and Quarrying: and Mining

increasedalmost by but 6% the total decreasedvalue by 3% owing to reduced prices the in 4569 1997

up around 7% ofGDP. the The largest gold reservesin the country are found at Kumtor 4973 1998 oil and gas,

o 6683 1999 f reservescurrently under exploration with further development 5155 2000 hesouth and north Fergana, Uzgenian, Kavaksky, and Jergalan. In the

which is Ores Minedat Kumtor Mine Gold 5126 2001 both both shocks

4655 2002 Figure 4:VolumeofOresExtracted thesefuels are imported and

80 Km from the capitalcity Bishkek. Kumtor has8.83 Million tons 4634 2003

in in the international bullion

3303 2004 6135 2005

top top

3887 2006 Year mineral resource extracted Kyrgyzstan in and as in Kyrgyzstan.

5182 2007 obable reserves. 4967 2008

The ismine operated by a state form form 4464 2009

There areThere35 major markets

a major portion of imports. ofmajora portion 5765 2010 6020 2011 . In 2014 In 2014 .

4955 2012 ted. 7289 2013 the volume of in the pipelinein the coal deposits

8640 2014 - 6583 2015 owned owned .

There .

Table 4: HydroPower Plants inKyrgyzstan 4 The CHPPstwothermal 2014, hydro-electric sources made up 91%of generated. total the electricity sources waselectric recorded at 63%in1990.Since contribution the then increasing has been and in utilized. The figurebeen above shows that the lowest percentage generation of electricity from hydro- nearly 80%of country, the however less than 10%of its 150,000gigawatt-hour (GWh) potential has Kyrgyzstan enjoys abundant hydropower potential owing to its mountainous terrain covers which 3.1.6 to sell their surplus their to during sell electricity summers deficient to energy the nationsSouth of Asia. When aims to bridge demand-supply this shortfall. The objective is to enable Tajikistan theand Republic Kyrgyz CASA-1000, ajoint venture of four countries; Afghanistan, Kyrgyz the Republic, Pakistan and Tajikistan Tajikistan facepower shortages inwinter as water levels reduce. face chronic shortages eachyear. of during electricity same the period Whereas Kyrgyzstan both and power during summer the months. However, South-Asian countries like Pakistan and Afghanistan world.in the Since power their generation is dependent on river flow, countriesthese have surplus CASA-1000: of output electricity against output adesigned of 4,100GWh. Uch-Kurgansk HydroelectricPower Station Shamaldysai HydroelectricPower Station Kambarata-2 HydroPower Plant Tash-Kumyr HydroelectricPower Station Kurpsai Dam Toktogul Dam electricity 5 twoThe thermal CHPPs Table Uch Shamaldysai Hydroelectric Station Power Kambarata Tash Dam Kurpsai Toktogul Dam Name hydro sources was recorded at 63%in 1990. Since then the contribution has been increasing and 2014, in utilized.figure The above shows that thelowest percentage of electricity generation from hydro 80%of the country, howeverless than 10% of its 150,000 gigawatt Kyrgyzstan enjoys abundanthydropower potential owing its to mountainous terrain which coversnearly Composition. 5:Electricity Figure

Combined heat and power plant - 3.1.6 Kurgansk Hydroelectric Power Station - 4: Hydro Power Plants in Kyrgyzstan Energy Sector: Kumyr Hydroelectric Power Station % of Total - Combined heatandpower plant

100% electric sources madeup 91% of the total ele 20% 40% 60% 80% 0%

output againsta designed output of 4,100 GWh. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have some of most the abundant and clean hydropower resources - 2 Hydro Power Plant Power Hydro 2 Energy Sector: Energy

Name 1990 1991 1992 5 4 , fueled by, fueled imported gas, andoil, generate coal, less than 1,000 GWh per year of , fueled by, fueled imported gas, oil, and generate coal, less than 1,000GWh year per 1993

Electricity hydroelectric (% sources production from of total) coalElectricity oil, sources and (% production from of gas total) Composition of ElectricityProduction Composition of

1994

1995

1996 Figure 5:ElectricityComposition. 1997

1998 Capacity (MW) 1999 1,200 180 240 360 450 800 2000 ctricity generated 2001 Year

2002

2003 180 24 360 450 800 1,200 Capacity (MW) 2004 0 - hour (GWh) potential has been

2005

2006

2007

2008

Naryn River Naryn River Naryn River Naryn River Naryn River Naryn River Location 2009 Naryn River Naryn Naryn River Naryn Naryn River Naryn Naryn River Naryn Naryn River Naryn Naryn River Naryn Location 2010 2011

2012 - electric 2013

2014

21 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 22 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC harvest inKazakhstan.harvest In 2016real growth remained at 3.8%. and petroleum by Russian refineriesthe cost in rise and a of importedwheat owing to adeclinegrain in conditions such as; strengthening of USdollar against Kyrgyz the increase Som, prices inselling of oil contributed to growth. this In economy 2014the continued to show growth despite unfavorable external The repair the of KumtorGold Mine and favorable climatic conditions for agriculture have also economic sectors of inall growth economy the seen has been with areal GDP growth of 10.5percent. coordinated macroeconomic reforms. and policy monetary Post-implementation of reforms, these In Government 2013,the and National the of Bank Kyrgyz the Republic implemented of aseries conditions, economy the grew by nearly 5percent. resulted ina0.5percent inreal GDP. fall However, in 2011 due to favorable and external internal closurethe of borders the with Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, coupled with internal turmoil political growth rate was almost zero. In 2010,just as economy the was recovering from financial crisis, global the mine) and unfavorable climatic conditions seriously hindered economic growth, GDP in2001-2002the Post Asian the Financial Crisis, technological problems by faced largest the enterprise (Kumtor Gold However, growth this was interrupted by Asian the Financial Crisisof 1998-1999. and coming the online of Kumtor the mine Gold allowed economy the to gather steam post-1996. The aftershocks the of dissolution the USSR of economicaffected till 1995.Agricultural growth reforms 3.2 GDP: The be completed to project was initially expected by 2018. However, delays are expected. each and Afghanistan and Tajikistan contributing USD 300million and USD 250million respectively. total cost is USD 950 million, with The Republic Kyrgyz and Pakistan contributing USD 200million next(the 750kilometers). According to afeasibility study conducted by project the team, estimated the Republic and Tajikistan first (the kilometers) 477 fromthenand Tajikistan to Afghanistan and Pakistan complete, CASA-1000 the transmission move lines will at electricity voltages high Kyrgyz the between grain harvest Kazakhstan in Figure 7:GDPG Figure Figure 6: GDPReal and Nominal

Percentage Change USD Billions 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 -25 -20 -15 -10 10 15 -5 0 5 - 1990 1990 rowth Rate 1992 1992 Nominal GDPNominal (US $Millions)

1994 1994

. In 2016 growth real remained at 3.8%. 1996 1996 Annual PercentageAnnual Change Real GDP prices) in (2010 GDP (RealGDP Nominal) and Real GrowthRate GDP 1998 1998 Figure 6:GDPReal andNominal 2000 2000 2002 2002 Real GDP [US $ Millions (2010 constantReal GDP$Millions (2010 [US prices)] Year Year 2004

2004

2006 2006

2008 2008 2010 2010 2012 2012 2014 2014 2016 2016

value of USD1, 282.4.In 2016,GDP capita per was recorded at USD1, 077. USD 258.1was recorded in1999during Asian the Financial Crisiswhereas highest 2014witnessed the The trend overall forcapita GDPper positive been has since independence. However,the lowest value of 3.3 GDPperCapita: Figure 6: GDPReal and Nominal grain harvest Kazakhstan in Figure 8: GDPper Capita USD value of USDof 258.1 recordedwas 1999 in duringAsian the Financial whereas Crisis 2014 witnessedhighest the overallThe trend for GDP percapita has been positive sinceindependence. However, the lowest value 7:GDPG Figure

USD Capita: per GDP 3.3 Percentage Change USD Billions 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 -25 -20 -15 -10 1000 1200 1400 10 15 -5 200 400 600 800 0 5 - 1990 0 1990 1990 1 rowth Rate , 282.4 1992 1992 1992 Nominal GDPNominal (US $Millions)

.

I 1994 n 1994 1994

2016, GDP per capita recordedwas at USD

. In 2016 growth real remained at 3.8%. 1996 1996

1996

Annual PercentageAnnual Change Real GDP prices) in (2010 GDP (RealGDP Nominal) and Real GrowthRate GDP 1998 1998 1998 Figure 7:GDPGrowthRate GDP per CapitaGDP per Figure 8:GDPperCapita 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 Real GDP [US $ Millions (2010 constantReal GDP$Millions (2010 [US prices)] Year Year Year 2004

2004 2004

2006 2006 2006 1 , 077 ,

2008 2008 2008 .

2010 2010 2010 2012 2012 2012 2014 2014 2014 2016 2016 2016

23 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 24 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC then inflationthen indeclinebeen has and low reached all-time an of 0.43%in2016. quarter of year. the Afterthat, an increase ininflation during the 2014 was observed Rublecrisis, since affectsthe economy. Kyrgyz The spike ininflation in2011 was foodcaused rising by the pricesin last anet importerBeing of items food and fuel, price external shocks ineither of commodities these greatly in gas prices by Uzbekistan inflationary escalated the also pressure the on economy Kyrgyz sharehigh of items food Kyrgyz (47%)inthe Consumer Price Index. Apart from prices, an food increase prices, coupled with an increased money supply caused which aspike ininflation owing the to relatively inflation in2008when was seen 24%.Thisreached surge be could attributed rise to;a of31.5%infood to-GDP ratio) increased from 11.1%in2001to 30.3%in2007.The highest inflation the lastdecade in for money and are-monetization of economy. the Monetization of economy the (measured by M2x- 1990s.This inthe created high expectations, had which been conditions for an increase indemand in 2006inflation was downpercent. to 5 Several years of low inflation substantiallyreduced inflationary In government 2000s the the adopted to target a contractionary policy monetary inflation. As a result, inflation once again high. reached all-time an currentandfiscal account deficits hadbeen addressed. not Asa result,crisis global during the1998-1999 by 1999annual inflation was aroundpercent. 10 However, core macroeconomic problems suchthe as ten-fold prices. increase From infood 1994onwards government the on reducing focused inflation and Russianthe of ‘’gradual policy modernization’’. Dissolution of command the system was followed by a by shock the of price liberalization. The western program of ‘’shocktherapy’’ alternatethebecame for 1992-1994inflationpercent. was period as 32 the During as high This inflationary pressure was caused 3.4 Inflation: ten the Russian policy of ‘’gradual modernization’’. Dissolution theof command system followedwas a by by the shock priceof liberalization. The western prog fiscal 1 by 1992 period the During Figure 9: Annual %Change in Inflation prices shareof food items (47%) inKyrgyz the Consumer PriceIndex coupled with an increased money supplywhich causedspike inflation in a owing to the relatively high 2008 w ratio) increased from 11.1%in 2001 to 30.3% 2007.The in highest inflation re a money and expectations, which had been high the in 1990s. created This conditions for anincrease demand in for downinflation 2006 was In2 the crisis inflation onceagain reached an all then inflation hasbeen decline in and reached an all quarterof the year. After that,an increasein inflation was observed during the2014 Ruble crisis, since Kyrgyz the affects ec Beingnet a importer foodof items and fuel, external price shocks either in of thesecommodities greatly - Inflation: 3.4 fold increase food in prices. From 1994 onwards thegovernment focused on reducing inflation and % Inflation 999 annual inflation was around percent.10 However, core macroeconomic problems suchas the and current account 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 by by 0 5 hen inflation reached 24%.surge This could be attributed to;rise a 31.5%of in food prices, 000s the governmentadopted contractionary a monetary policy to target inflation. Asa result, in 1996 Uzbekistan also escalated the inflationary pressure theon Kyrgyz economy - monetization of the economy. Monetization theof economy (measured by M2x 1998

onomy.spike The in inflation 2011 in was caused by rising food pricesthe in last - 1994 inflation1994 aswas high as percent.32 to to 2000 deficits 5 percent.5 Several years of low inflation substantially reduced inflationary

had notbeen addressed. Asa result, during the1998 2002 Figure 9: Annual %ChangeinInflation Annual Inflation % Inflation Annual - time high. 2004

- time lowof ram ‘’shockof therapy’’ becamealternate the for 2006 Year

. Apart from food prices,an increase gas in 2008 0.43%in 2016.

This inflationaryThis pressure was caused

2010

in in thedecade last seenwas in

2012

- 1999 global global 1999 2014 - to - 2016 GDP GDP

countries of Russia and Kazakhstan. an average for 25.59%of GDP the at current prices. Amajor chunk of come these from neighboring the supported is further observation by that fact the over last the ten years, remittances have accounted on or retardation GDP. inthe indicates This observation thelack of employment opportunities. This The unemployment observed. been rate has remained more or less constant irrespective of anygrowth In of case the Kyrgyzstan, no significant correlationbetween unemployment and GDPgrowth has for law-based rule the treatment of peasants having aplot of land as self-employed. would arrived at be using ILO the Another method. factor reducing official the unemployment rate is as unemployed. This would likely indicatethe official rate of unemployment being lower than which that ineffectiveness of retraining programs, have led to all many personseligible not registeringthemselves to low Owing method. unemployment benefits,lack of vacancies provided the by government theand 5 Two of methods unemployment calculating are inKyrgyzstan; used official the method the and ILO 3.5 Unemployment: countries an aerage obserationfurther is supported by thefact that oer the last ten ye retardation the in D. obserationhis indicatesthe lack employmentof opportunities. his obser ncase the yrgyzstanof no significant correlation between unemployment and D growth hasbeen law would be arriedusing at the as unemployed. his would ineffectieness retrainingof programs hae method. wing to lowunemployment benefits lack of acanciesproided the by goern wo methods calculatingof unemployment are used in yrgyzstan the official method and the 6 10:Unemployment Figure

ILO International Labor Organization Organization Labor ILOInternational Unemployment: 3.5 Unempolyment % (ILO mthod) based rule for treatment peasantsof haingplot a ILOInternationalLaborOrganization ed. unemploymenthe ratehas remained moreor less constant irrespectie anyof growth or

of of for for Russia and azakhstan. . of theD atcurrent prices. maorchunk of thesecome from the neighboring

likely Unemployment % (ILOUnemploymentmethod)

indicate the official rate unemploymentof method. nother factor reducing the official unemployment ratethe is

Figure 10:Unemployment all all ledto many Year of land of land

eligible persons as self ars remittances haeaccounted on employed. notregistering themseles being being

lower than that whichthan that lower ment andment the

5

25 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 26 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC trade andtrade transit revenues years inthe to come have incentive as afurther acted for CAS. the it as see analso opportunity to potentially access warm waterpotential The seaports. for an increase in initiativethis it view as ameans since they for with better Europe links trade and they Middle the East, Tajikistan motivated conception the TheCentralland-locked of OBOR. AsianRepublics have welcomed Border delays,customs hefty poor fees, roads theand formidable terrain of Northern andKyrgyzstan way the all to Europe. The ‘Road’sea-route is a whereas the ‘Belt’ aims to developland a routethroughCentral the Asian States EURASIA and Asia. South-East As name, the per project the has two strands; ‘One Belt’ and ‘One Road.’ project involving amega-investment of aTrillion Dollars aims to transform China’s through links trade Belt wasThe (OBOR) unveiled One OneRoad Chinese the Presidentby Xi Jingping in2013.This 3.7 OBOR: it around was still 32percent in2015. generalthe poverty line and extreme the poverty line. (food) poverty Though has reduced overthe years, Poverty in Kyrgyzstan is measured using World the Bank’s methodology. Two poverty lines are in use: 3.6 Poverty: 11:Poverty Figure years it stillwas around percent the general poerty line andetreme the food poerty line. hough poerty has reduced theoer oerty in yrgyzstan is measured

% Population Poverty: 3.6

Poverty headcountratio at national poverty lines

using using

in in (% of population) of (% t he World Bank’smethodology. Two poverty linesin are use: .

Figure 11:Poverty Year

However, ratio the was later reversed infavor of locals. the crackdown against oil company aChinese had which alabor force ratio of 70:30infavor of Chinese. the in Kyrgyzstan forcing people to for look jobsinneighboring countries. In January 2014there was a escalated tensions among since there locals has the always lack of been employment opportunities inKyrgyzstan living90,000 Chinese illegally according to Kyrgyz the of Justice; Ministry has this further asdeposits payment to Chinese the for development the expenditure incurred. Moreover, there are over News Agency Kabar, fear that locals the government the plans to hand over gold, aluminum and iron is presence the of anti-Chinese sentiments among population. local the As reported by Kyrgyz the iswhich according to Russian standards Asian and Central inthe is used being States. Secondly, there andneed is which inEurope mostly used being whereas Kyrgyz the want it a1,520MMtrack to be gaugethe of railway the line laid. to want be Chinese The whichtrackbe a1,435MM it suitsto their to development the of despite OBOR its promising prospects. Firstly, there is dispute atechnical over According to areport published byExecutive The Intelligencethere (EIR), Review are hindrances several ensure asteady supply of natural gas at low prices future. not Being well endowed with natural gas, The Kyrgyz-Uzbek-Tajik gas pipelinepotentially could Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, once again apromising development for increased growth inthe intrade wouldwhich benefitthe country. Moreover,the projectalso aims to develop a highwaybetween The consistsRoad Silk New of ahighway connectingthe Southern Northern and Figure 12:OBORMap 27 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 28 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC tourist destinations. of Pamir the peaks range and breathtaking the of Issyk-Kul view the lakes and hot springs are important Kyrgyzstan having amountainous terrain offerswide a array sceneries forof tourists. The snow-capped 3.8.1 Placestovisit: tourism industry, in2015receipts from tourism were estimated at USD 481Million. and constitutional reforms of 2010 have ensured some degree of stability leading to arecovery inthe growth was cut short by turmoil political and violence ethnic engulfed which country. the The election for tourism the industry, and of high an USD all-time 569 Million was recorded in 2008. However, this Receipts from tourism increased gradually from 1995to 2005.Post-2005, things changed for better the 3.8 Tourism: tourism industry Issyk destinations.tourist peaks theo amir rangeand reathtaking the view ossyk the and and growth was ut shorty politial turmoil and ethni violene whih enguled the ountry. The eletion theor tourism industry and anall yrgystan having a mountainous terrain oersa wide eeipts rom tourism inreased gradually rom to Figure 3.8.1

- USD Millions onstitutional reorms o have ensured somedegree o staility leading a to reovery 5 Kul Lake: Kul : Receipts from: Receipts Tourism 3.8

Places to visit: Tourism:

in

reeipts rom tourism were

time high o illion reordedwas in owever . this ReceiptsMillions USD Figure 13:ReceiptsfromTourism estimated at Year

array o seneriesor tourists. The snow .ost

ul lakes and hotsprings important are illion. things hanged the or etter

in in apped the

and trekking. summited, there remain many unconquered The region peaks. offers ascopevast for exploratoryhiking great ranges; Hindu the Kush, Tien Shan and Karakorum. the Though havemost peaks the been of Tajikistan and southern the regions of Kyrgyzstan. The mountain range lies the at junction threeof The Pamirs are one the highestof mountain rangesthe in world,occupying almost half of modern Pamir Mountains: at one of famous the resorts and offers country; the an opportunity trek,cycle,to climb, windsurf,ski, tour on horseback or just relax it is surrounded by snow-capped The peaks. Issyk-Kul region offers the highest, snow-capped in peaks height of 1600mabove level. “Issyk-Kul” sea means “hot lake” inKyrgyz, as it eventhough never freezes tourist destination inKyrgyzstan. Stretching inlength with 170km awidth of and 70km located at a Issyk Kul is situated Lake Issyk inthe Kul Oblast (Region) of Kyrgyzstan. Thelakethe popularis most Issyk-Kul Lake: Figure 15:Pamir MountainRange Figure 14:Issyk-KulLake 29 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 30 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Burana Tower: any duration. location, 3000mabove level and sea surrounded by grassy meadows, lends itself excellently for hikes of during summer the months (June to August), living while asemi-nomadic Song life Kol’s inyurts. surrounded by mountain high pastures where jailoos, Kyrgyz called herdsmen livestock their graze Song Kol Song Kul) called (also is an alpine Tien lake inthe Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan. It is Song Kol Lake: Figure17:BuranaTower Figure 16:SongKolLake

a day trip from Bishkek. warboth and elements, the its current height is only 25m.Still, it is worth visiting and is visited easily as and left in disrepair. The Burana Tower wasoriginally built to a height of 44m, butvictimfalling to after centuries, was ransacked Balasagun by Mongols the in1218.By century, 14th the city the was abandoned ancient city of Once of part Karakhanid the Balasagun. khanate that 11th 9th- existed the between from70km Bishkek, and from 12km town the of Tokmok, Burana the Tower that is all remains of the traditional and culture modern of Kyrgyzstan. national souvenirs, small trunks, bedding, and many produced other locally items relevant to the through bazaar the vendors. The includes nationalalso section wooden vendorsgoods carved sell who “Kyyal” nationalthe called section, goods (Kyrgyz: “fantasy/dream”), and may made to be order also items, household clothes, goods, souvenirs, to musical instruments. Kyrgyz national dresses are in sold Osh Bazaaris one of largest the bazaars inBishkek. It offerswide a array rangingof fromgoods food Osh Bazaar: Figure 18:OshBazaar(Bishkek) 31 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 32 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC station, ahighway, and arefinery acement plant among others. projects. investments Chinese were made inagas pipeline, renovation of asteam-generating power was leadingChina the source of FDI in2013,mainly owing to investments infrastructure inseveral following: 2005 andbetween most 2013, the attractive economic Kyrgyz in activities the Republic for FDI were the waswhich implemented in2003.According to National the Statistical Committee of Kyrgyz the Republic, The net inflow of FDI gained momentum after 2003. This was aresult of the Foreign Investment Law 3.9 Foreign DirectInvestment(FDI): Table 5: ContributiontoFDI The Republic ofTurkeyThe Republic The UnitedKingdom FederationRussian ofKazakhstan Republic Canada ofChina People’s Republic • • • • ollowing: etween whih was netThe inlowo gained Figure hina the was leading soure o in Table of Turke Republic The The United Kingdom Russian Federation Republic of Kazakhstan Canada China of Republic People’s Country stationhighway a reinery a and ement a plant among others. proets. hinese investmentswere inmade gas a pipelinerenovation osteam a Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Investment Direct Foreign 3.9 5: Contribution to FDI 11

US $ Millions Country Trade; repair of automobiles, household products, and for goods -7.4% use personal Financial activity -18.3%. Renting operations, and -25.1%. consumer services Manufacturing received 38.9%of total the FDI inflowsperiod. withinthis :

Net

implemented in ording. to the ational tatistial ommittee theo yrgy epuli

Inflow ofInflow     Figure 19:NetInflowofForeign DirectInvestment (Netinflow=Inflow-Outflow)

and and Trade repairTrade automoileso household produts and or personal goods anuaturing reeived . theo total inlows within period. this enting operations and onsumer servies inanial ativity themost attrative eonomi ativities the in yrgy epuli

Foreign DirectForeign Investment(

y

momentum ater . This a was result o the oreign nvestment aw

.. FDI NetFDI Inflow

Net inflow = 2005-2016 2005-2016 2005-2016 2005-2016 2005-2016 2005-2016 Period mainly 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 Year Period

owing to investments several in inrastruture ------Inflow 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016

-

Outflow)

..

9.8% 13.5% 13.6% 17.0% 23.0% FDI to contribution % 3.8% % contributiontoFDI

13.5% 13.6% 17.0% 23.0% 3.8% 9.8% gener or or were the ating power

use

.

Chabdan Batir- Bishkek SECTION IV Trade Overview

facilitated primarily by oil falling prices, deficit the been reducedhad to USD 2.4 billion in2016. caused by asurge inoil prices during 2013.Since deficit trade the then, been hason adeclining trend requirements.basic and Oil petrol form largest the of part imports. The record deficit of2013 was mainly agriculture this difficult; meanthas that the has had tocountry relyheavily on to imports cater to its point of USD 4Billion in2013.Uncertain climatic conditions and topography the of make country the For past the 16years, has apersistent country the faced deficit. trade tradedeficit The reachedhighest its 4.1 Trade Overview: 4. Trade Overview Trade 4.1 trend mainly aused ysurge a in pries oil during . inethen the tra reuirements. asi its il and petrol orm the largest parto imports.reord The deiit o was makeagriulture diiult highest point o Billion . in nertain limationditions and the topography o the ountry theor past years theountry has aed apersistenttradedeiit. Thetrade deiit reahed its Figure

Billions 4. Trade

12 ailitated primarily y : Balance of: Balance Trade Trade Overview: Overview:

this has meantthat the ountry hashad to rely heavily imports on to ater to :

alling alling

mports oil oil priesdeiit the had een redued to . illion . in Figure 20:BalanceofTrade Trade Balane ports

Trade Balane dedeiit has een delining a on

35 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

36 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 6: Top10ExportsatHS-02Level (2012-2016) 82% of revenue export the in2016. tableThe below liststhe from top 25exports Kyrgyzstan the HS-06level.at These contributed around became the primary reason primary the for value.became inexport fall this USDthe by 20%,however, prices of export inthe gold fall the and precious at metals HS-06level the by almost 24%.Theoretically, should exports have increased owing to adepreciationSom the of against on had an been increasingExports 2014.However, trend till 2015saw asharp value decline export inthe The commodities mentioned in Tablebelow 6 made up 81% fromof total exports in 2016. Kyrgyzstan Gold, ores &slag, aeronautical equipment, vehicles other than railway, and apparel are major the exports. 4.2.1 MajorExports: 4.2 *All valuesinUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 261690 999999 710812 TOTAL TOTAL 71333 84 61 62 88 27 87 99 26 71 7 Trade Trend: Products boilers; parts thereof boilers; parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors, crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles or crocheted of apparel andclothingaccessories, not knitted Articles Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof andparts spacecraft, Aircraft, bituminous substances;mineral... distillation; of their products Mineral fuels,mineraloilsand not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, parts andaccessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or railway than other Vehicles Edible vegetables and certain rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain and concentrates) Precious-metal oresandconcentrates(excluding silver ores Commodities notelsewherespecified Ores, slagandash Commodities notelsewherespecified stones, preciousmetals,metalsclad... Natural orculturedpearls,precioussemi-precious Product Description od ic. od ltd ih ltnm uwogt fr non- for unwrought, platinum, purposes(excludinggold... monetary with plated gold incl. Gold, Product Description All products All products Major Exports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Exports atHS02level2012-2016 Major Exports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Exports atHS06level2012-2016 1,683.23 2012 115.01 176.68 122.26 568.98 41.43 41.06 15.08 88.56 51.36 55.66 1,683.24 2012 562.19 48.25 55.55 51.37 1,773.22 2013 166.67 109.07 742.70 1,773.23 43.66 22.30 82.05 85.31 46.26 18.48 2013 8.78 736.77 72.96 18.34 46.27 1,883.73 2014 1,883.73 129.33 288.57 725.38 2014 38.92 26.68 72.30 10.06 74.63 87.49 41.39 288.57 716.86 61.61 40.50 1,441.467 2015 1,441.47 131.51 669.43 2015 131.51 665.33 39.70 30.89 40.80 75.22 63.36 55.91 19.82 43.72 19.10 9.65 1,423.03 1,423.03 2016 2016 707.47 701.58 30.93 33.87 35.00 44.23 48.95 55.13 62.17 68.06 68.29 54.48 67.78 68.09 Table 7:Top25ExportsatHS-06Level (2012-2016) *All Values inUSDMillions 710691 850153 610620 851629 610343 270119 410411 392330 870899 853922 901420 740400 240220 700529 620640 520100 870410 271019 880240 40510 81330 ivr ic. ivr ltd ih od r ltnm unwrought platinum, or gold (excluding silverinpowderform) with plated silver incl. Silver, AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW made fibres,knittedorcrocheted . ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts storage heatingradiators) Electric space-heatingandsoil-heatingapparatus(excluding shorts ofsyntheticfibres,knitted . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, blue”, ofhidesandskins... wet- “incl. state wet the in splits, grain and unsplit grains, Full or packagingofgoods,... for the conveyance Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles transport oftenormorepersons,... transport andaccessories,fortractors,motorvehiclesthe Parts V (excludingtungstenhalogenfilament... Filament lamps of a power <= 200 W and for a voltage > 100 Butter (excludingdehydratedbutterandghee) (excluding compassesandradio... and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments unwrought shapes,ofremelted... Wasteor othersimilar andscrap,ofcopper(excludingingots Cigarettes, containingtobacco Dried apples but not otherwise worked(excluding... but nototherwise ground andpolished glass, in sheets, Float glass and surface made fibres(excludingknittedor... ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts Cotton, neithercardednorcombed Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel,... Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous eo lns n ohr oee arrf o a o a unladen an of weight >15000kg(excludinghelicopters... an of aircraft powered other and planes Aero Major Exports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Exports atHS06level2012-2016 2012 19.60 10.38 15.94 22.03 33.85 96.05 2.87 0.00 4.17 0.02 0.02 3.38 1.94 5.19 4.56 3.53 0.00 0.35 0.28 1.42 8.19 2013 127.52 21.24 28.43 15.38 19.88 3.30 0.01 1.38 1.71 0.00 4.75 3.01 9.55 6.00 3.17 0.00 8.36 3.39 0.54 8.22 6.28 2014 10.12 17.72 16.17 25.26 24.08 98.04 3.06 0.00 2.35 3.90 0.01 6.68 2.29 6.50 2.47 0.01 8.51 0.37 9.95 1.83 3.98 2015 11.67 14.29 16.75 10.75 15.88 17.78 53.83 37.08 3.01 7.59 1.55 3.04 0.00 5.57 2.79 4.35 1.84 0.10 8.02 0.68 2.67 2016 10.61 12.51 13.74 14.85 16.66 19.08 33.74 36.01 42.73 4.19 4.24 4.38 4.38 4.84 5.17 5.79 6.85 7.53 7.58 7.58 8.31 37 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 38 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 8: Top10ImportsatHS-02Level (2012-2016) 34% of total the import bill in 2016. medicaments, textile, cigarettes and natural gas. Top 25imports at HS-06 level accounted for around In top the 25imports at HS-06level inTable 9;oil products followed lead the take by footwear, since 2013. importedbeing inoil prices. fall and This has global led to alower the importeach in successivebill year onvalue has adeclining been trend after 2013. Thereason is two-fold; lowerquantity fuel ofmineral is Kyrgyzstan at HS-02 level. made These up about 54% the of total import value in2016. Total import Mineral fuels, industrial machinery, footwear, iron, and plastic are among top the 10imports of 4.2.2 *All valuesinUSDMillions *All valuesinUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 300490 999999 271012 640299 271019 TOTAL TOTAL 99 87 39 72 61 55 85 64 84 27 Major Imports: Commodities notelsewherespecified and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles Iron andsteel crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, ... products for of mixedor unmixed Medicaments consisting Man-made staplefibres Commodities notelsewherespecified recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery which >=90%byvolume“incl.... minerals oils andpreparations, ofpetroleumorbituminous Light Footwear, ofsucharticles gaitersandthelike;parts oter ih ue sls n upr o rbe o plastics or rubber (excluding coveringtheankleor... of uppers and soles outer with Footwear parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel,... Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Product Description bituminous substances;mineral... distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products All products Major Imports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Imports atHS06level2012-2016 Major Imports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Imports atHS02level 5,373.18 5,373.18 1,166.59 2012 2012 674.77 138.38 171.17 117.35 148.95 261.46 375.30 497.20 31.45 62.60 31.45 81.58 50.56 0.00

5,983.02 5,983.02 1,282.02 2013 2013 733.32 177.95 221.03 124.14 145.80 289.58 407.05 586.82 20.86 62.67 20.86 72.56 39.69 0.00

5,734.70 5,734.70 1,166.17 2014 2014 819.09 173.07 227.10 158.24 215.63 377.63 565.93 41.77 98.42 60.58 41.77 49.99 27.56 0.00

4,068.08 4,068.08 2015 2015 113.19 205.77 122.50 296.21 116.00 113.71 172.15 281.29 358.69 362.02 778.14 66.94 81.87 87.39 32.32

3,844.47 3,844.47 2016 2016 121.31 122.34 133.58 134.34 151.19 155.37 121.31 207.57 129.98 258.30 135.96 395.37 198.79 401.75 89.85

Table 9:Top25ImportsatHS-06Level (2012-2016) *All valuesinUSDMillions 392111 870899 721049 851762 621210 611430 100199 330499 180690 330510 851712 840690 151219 640219 640291 240220 271121 440710 551599 880240 Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of cellular polymers of polymers ofcellular strip, . styrene, unworkedormerelysurface-worked and foil film, sheets, Plates, transport oftenormorepersons, . transport andaccessories,fortractors,motorvehiclesthe Parts 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= regeneration ofvoice,imagesor . Machines for the reception,conversionandtransmissionor rsirs f l tps f etl mtras wehr r not or whether materials, textile elasticated, incl.knittedor . of types all of Brassieres n.e.s., ofman-madefibres,... or otherpurposes, forprofessional, sporting Special garments Wheat and meslin (excluding seed for sowing, and durum durum and sowing, for wheat) seed (excluding meslin and Wheat of theskin(otherthanmedicaments),... Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare containers orimmediatepackingsof<=... cocoa, in Chocolate andotherpreparationscontaining Shampoos eehns o clua ntok “oie eehns o for other wirelessnetworks or telephones” “mobile networks cellular for Telephones Parts ofsteamandothervapour turbines,n.e.s. Parts not refined,butchemically... or whether fractions, their and oil safflower or Sunflower-seed prs oter ih ue sls n upr o rbe or rubber of uppers and plastics (excludingwaterprooffootwear... soles outer with footwear Sports rubber orplastics(excludingwaterproof... of rubber uppers and soles outer with ankle, the covering Footwear Cigarettes, containingtobacco Natural gasingaseousstate whether ornotplaned,sanded... Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, staple fibres,otherthanthose... synthetic 85% predominantly,< containing but fabrics Woven eolns n ohr oee arrf o a o a unladen an of an weight >15000kg(excludinghelicopters... of aircraft powered other and Aeroplanes Major Imports ofKyrgyzstanMajor Imports atHS06level2012-2016 2012 16.78 17.88 18.75 43.46 34.97 40.93 51.85 78.23 61.81 22.84 1.83 2.36 9.32 0.00 9.16 7.90 0.30 0.16 0.06 7.38 2013 22.28 22.01 13.14 10.61 10.69 46.98 35.75 48.81 64.82 64.16 74.62 33.21 2.79 2.47 0.00 9.94 0.00 0.88 0.29 6.43 2014 22.08 26.04 14.46 10.97 10.46 49.97 31.65 45.08 77.88 50.50 73.70 51.76 3.07 2.00 0.00 9.94 0.00 1.38 0.17 5.41 2015 21.80 96.18 19.21 59.57 35.86 25.67 39.55 19.35 47.35 40.25 22.57 24.43 39.16 2.23 3.00 4.33 8.30 5.94 0.00 6.92 2016 19.79 20.65 21.18 21.31 21.64 21.67 23.55 23.76 25.13 28.73 29.12 29.77 31.28 32.22 33.27 34.67 40.29 58.28 61.67 83.11 39 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 40 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 10: ImportPartners (2012-2016) 2016, Switzerland was largest the market export for Kyrgyzstan accounting for 45%of its total exports. Switzerland has accounted on an average for 35%of from exports Kyrgyzstan last inthe five years. In Billion USD showing adecline of 1.2%over previous the year. tableThe below showsthe partnerstop 10export of Kyrgyzstan. in2016 Total exports were USD 1.42 4.3.1 MajorExportPartners: 4.3 Trade Trend: Partners Belgium Tajikistan United Kingdom United ArabEmirates China Turkey Uzbekistan FederationRussian Kazakhstan Switzerland World *All Values inUSDMillions Table oea Republic of elaus aine ean beisan ue aahsan Russian eeaion China ol Counies Millions USD in Values *All eenhave inreasing. overall importshave een dereasing therelative share as aswell asolute value hinese o imports mports in dereased y .as ompared to 4.3 Figure

.2 .2

11 illions

13

Major Import Partners: : (2012 Export Partners : Major Export Partners

nited ingdomnited ekistan World

Countries alue in poe

- 2016)

Top DestinationsofKyrgyzstan 10Export in alue poe Taikistan Turkey witerland op po of oiins

Figure 21:MajorExportPartners

port artners Exported Exported value in 2012

1,683.25 190.13 219.12 404.93 547.90

12.81 39.68 16.11 61.37 50.18 1.73 in alue poe ear

and amounted to to amounted and Belgium hina aakhstan Exported Exported san

value in 2013 1,773.23

221.95 159.01 152.70 382.45 513.20 18.28 50.54 38.96 85.65

0.79

in alue poe Exported Exported value in

2014 1,883.73

. Billion. Though . 141.78 163.70 122.29 508.66 575.61 22.88 75.05 32.78 86.00 3.08

nited ra mirates ra nited ederation ussian Exported Exported value in 2015 1,441.47

157.30 227.70 562.11 in alue poe 22.17 24.21 98.97 35.88 84.05 95.03 1.80

Exported Exported value in 2016 1,423.03 125.07 145.21 151.15 648.02 10.88 21.84 36.42 79.70 89.98 32.01

Table 11: ExportPartners (2012-2016) been increasing.been overall imports have decreasing, relative the been share as well as absolute value of imports Chinese have Imports by in2016decreased 5.5%as compared to 2015and amounted to USD 3.8Billion. Though 4.3.2 MajorImportPartners: Korea, Republic of Korea, Republic Belarus Ukraine Germany Uzbekistan USA Turkey Kazakhstan Russian FederationRussian China *All Values inUSDMillions World importsand eports. maor hunk o this regional trade o yrgystano rom the to to the total eport ompared tothe .oming rom the three other theo eport marketuite is similar to 7 The share able pos of hae oal hae of pos oal pos Millions USD in *Values ountries yrgystan einglandloked a state reliesheavily tradeon itswith neighors i.e. entralThe sian 5.1 Figure

CentralAsian States Regional Trade: Regional

pos

12 illions 14 : Major ImportPartners: Major 5. Trading Partners: eionalrade 2016 in imports and eports and the ussian ederation.ollowing The tale showsyrgyst

Countries Belarus ekistan aakhstan World

aahsan

other than aakhstan it was a mere in .

o the o Top originsofKyrgyzstan 10Import Russia

Figure 22:MajorImportPartners that theo import market. aakhstanWith ontriuting .

entralsian tates

mport artners

Reional ae orea epuli o epuli orea ermany Turkey hina Imported Imported value in 2012 1,784.62 1,210.25 5,373.18 161.25 140.04 198.65 253.13 178.52 518.72 92.04 63.15 aiisan

ear

was with Imported Imported

value in was 2013

1,989.24 1,432.05 5,983.02

111.99 116.36 157.39 233.46 222.85 204.73 555.02 uenisan 97.61 . and .o yrgysta

aakhstan. look we at the imports

kraine tatesnited o meria ederation ussian Imported Imported value in 2014 an’s trade itswith neighbors. 1,779.83 1,098.47 5,734.70

123.06 102.24 108.89 114.73 108.72 307.97 776.74 89.70

The ountry omined beisan

Imported Imported value in 2015 1,271.64 1,029.11 4,068.08

122.07 164.29 677.41 53.98 59.22 53.61 89.32 92.90 wise reakup ol n’s world world n’s Imported Imported

value in

2016

1,464.96 3,844.47 153.61 190.78 635.55 799.82 25.96 69.77 35.17 39.78 62.41

41 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

River Ak-Tash, Son-Kul, Kyrgyzstan SECTION V Trading Partners 44 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 23:RegionalTrade2016 10.6% to compared total the export to 10.36%coming the from three the other CAS combined. breakup of market export the is quite similar to that of import the market. With Kazakhstan contributing 6 imports of Kyrgyzstan from CAS the world imports and Amajor exports. chunk of regional this was with trade Kazakhstan. If we at look the The share inimports Central and the exports of Asian States was 18.6% and 21.3% of Kyrgyzstan’s countries, and Russian the Federation. The followingtable shows Kyrgyzstan’swithtrade its neighbors. Kyrgyzstan alandlocked being state relies heavily on with its trade neighbors i.e.Central The Asian 5.1 RegionalTrade: 5. Trading Share of Exports % Share ofExports Total Exports Share of Imports % Share ofImports Total Imports *All Values inUSDMillions Central Asian States Partners: Kazakhstan 151.15 635.55 10.62 16.53 6 other than Kazakhstan it was amere 2%in2016.The country-wise Russia Regional Trade-2016Regional 145.21 799.82 10.20 20.81 Tajikistan 21.84 1.54 0.17 6.43 Turkmenistan 0.40 0.11 4.36 5.7 Uzbekistan 125.07 69.77 8.79 1.82 World 1,423.01 3,844.47 32.13 39.43 45 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 46 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC mineral fuel,mineral iron and steel in2016compared to 2015. oil prices Russian in 2013, the financial crisis of 2014 and a substantial reductionthe import in bill of The improvementbalancethe in trade in of recent years is a resultevents several of including in afall oils,mineral bituminous substances, machinery, mechanical appliances, nuclear reactors, and boilers. of animal origin, nuts, and edible oil. Whereas imports from Russia are dominated by fuels,mineral crocheted and products agro-based produce; such as dairy birds’ natural eggs; edible products honey; production, infurther include used these be articlesof apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or Russia. Amajor chunk of to Russian the exports Federation are or agricultural intermediate to goods The continuous deficit beaccountedcan for by analyzing the nature to ofexports and fromimports three years, deficit the been hasreducing withthe deficit declining to USD 0.6billion in2016. fluctuation overthe years. tradedeficit The high reached a of USD1.8billion in2013, but the over last Kyrgyzstan has always had anegative balance with Russia, trade though there quite has been abit of effects of any shocks the to Russianeconomy. Kyrgyz economy is closely to linked Russian the economy and Kyrgyzstan has to trickle-down facethe proximity, but two the because share two also acommon history. However, means also this that the Russia is one of largest the trading of partners Kyrgyzstan.ties Their are not because only their of 5.2 Trade withtheRussianFederation eets o an shosto ineral elineral iron and steel in oared to . ries in the ssian inanial risis o and a sbstantial redtion in theiort bill o iroeenthe thebalane in o trade reent in earsreslt a is seeralo eents bitinosoils sbstanes ahiner ehanial alianes nlear reators and boilers. andedibl nts originanial roheted and agro sed in rtherrodtion these inldeartiles aarelo and lothing aessories notnitted or ssia. aor hn eortso to the ssian ederation areagriltral interor ontinoshe deiit an beaonted or b analingnatre the o eorts to and iortsro three ears the deiit has been reding with the deiit delining to billion . . in ltation oer the ears. tradehe deiit reahed a high o . billion in bt theoer last rgstan hasalwas had a negatietrade balane with ssia thogh therehas been itebit a o rg eonolosel is lined to the ssian eono and rgstan has to aethe trile roiit Figure ssia is one theo largest trading artners rgstan.o heir t Trade with with Trade 5.2

15 illions :

Balance of Trade bttwo also beasethe twosharea oon histor. based products such as dairy produce; birds’ eggs; natural honey; edible products of

the with Russia with

the ssian eono. Russian Federation: Russian e oil. oil. e hereas iorts ro are ssia doinated b elsineral ineral ilateral rade with ssianederation

orts Figure 23:BalanceofTradewithRussia .

orts

ear

alane o rade alane o ies are oweer this also eans that the not onl

bease o bease o ediategoodsbe to inldingall a in oil their

down .

Table 13: Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoRussiaatHS02Level top at 10exports 2digit level account for 92%of to total the Russia. exports specified’ have sincethe 2015 highest export been followed by articles of apparel produce.anddairy The The followingtable showsthe top 10 to exports Kyrgyz Russia at HS-02level. ‘Commodities not elsewhere to Russia. clothing beans. The and kidney top dried 25exports at HS-06 level account for 88% the of total exports atExports HS-06level are dominated by ‘Commodities not elsewhere specified’ followed by women *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 610620 853922 520100 620640 999999 40690 TOTAL TOTAL 81330 40510 71333 64 84 52 85 61 62 99 8 7 4 Footwear, ofsucharticles gaitersandthelike;parts parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; hee ecuig rs ces, nl we ces, curd, cheese, whey processed cheese,blue-veinedcheese . incl. cheese, fresh (excluding Cheese Cotton made fibres,knittedorcrocheted . . ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery V (excludingtungstenhalogenfilament . Filament lamps of a power <= 200 W and for a voltage > 100 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit Cotton, neithercardednorcombed Edible vegetables and certain rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain Dried apples animal origin,notelsewhere... of birds eggs;naturalhoney;edibleproducts produce; Dairy Butter (excludingdehydratedbutterandghee) not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles made fibres(excludingknittedor . ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description All products All Products

Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS02Level toRussia 10Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS 06 Level toRussia 25Exports 2012 2012 219.12 219.12 29.01 27.12 23.52 10.96 51.56 0.24 1.98 0.00 3.55 8.29 4.29 3.10 7.17 0.01 0.78 0.00 5.35 5.47 5.47 2013 2013 152.70 152.70 13.25 12.73 0.00 1.93 0.00 0.10 9.46 5.43 0.70 4.57 0.03 0.45 0.00 3.34 1.82 0.58 1.85 1.66 1.66 2014 2014 122.29 122.29 15.08 15.08 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.00 8.04 3.55 1.29 4.05 0.03 0.22 0.00 3.27 1.65 0.00 0.06 1.15 1.15 2015 2015 157.30 157.30 80.19 80.19 0.82 1.16 0.00 8.34 0.00 8.67 4.22 1.68 8.34 4.94 0.01 0.04 0.00 4.19 1.41 0.01 0.06 2016 2016 145.21 145.21 10.83 11.66 17.48 16.65 20.83 41.49 41.49 3.54 3.62 3.41 5.80 3.83 8.46 5.12 9.34 5.71 5.72 7.21 8.90 47 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 48 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 14: Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoRussiaatHS06Level fuels, followed by iron &steel and articles are wood leading the products at HS-02level. Top 10 imports from Russia at HS-02 level account for 73% of total the imports from Russia. Mineral *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 610510 610590 240110 640319 740400 850431 620293 610690 610443 640590 620341 610343 903300 610520 271019 847180 TOTAL 15 99 44 72 27 nightshirts, T-shirts, singlets . T-shirts, nightshirts, ofcotton,knittedorcrocheted(excluding Mens orboys shirts (excluding ofcottonorman-made . of textile materials, knitted orcrocheted Mens or boys shirts Tobacco, unstemmedorunstripped composition leatheranduppers . footwear,rubber, or of leather soles plastics, outer with Sports unwrought shapes,ofremelted . Wasteor othersimilar andscrap,ofcopper(excluding ingots rnfres aig pwr adig aaiy = kVA 1 (excluding liquiddielectrictransformers) <= capacity handling power a having Transformers oes r il aoas wncetr, id akt and jackets wind ofman-madefibres . similar articles, windcheaters, anoraks, girls or Womens materials, knittedorcrocheted . of textile andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses, shirts (excluding petticoats) Womens or girls dresses of synthetic fibres, knitted or crocheted oter ih ue sls f ubr r lsis wt uppers other thanrubber, plastics,leather . with plastics, or rubber of soles outer with Footwear shorts, ofwoolorfineanimal . shorts, Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and prepared ediblefats;animal cleavage Animal orvegetablefatsandoils and theirproducts; shorts ofsyntheticfibres,knitted . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and Commodities notelsewherespecified or otherapparatusinchapter90, . andaccessories formachines,appliances,instruments Parts Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles . T-shirts, (excluding nightshirts, crocheted or knitted fibres, man-made of shirts boys or Mens Iron andsteel minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous bituminous substances;mineral distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products processing units,inputoroutputunits . (excluding data-processing machines for automatic Units Kyrgyzstan’s Top at HS 02Level from Russia 10Imports

Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS06Level toRussia 25Exports 1,784.62 1,011.49 2012 2012 41.83 94.50 78.01 41.84 0.00 0.00 6.96 0.00 4.94 2.04 1.53 0.00 2.41 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.48 4.04 0.00 0.00 1,989.24 1,134.20 2013 2013 107.79 104.31 49.01 10.25 53.38 0.00 0.00 9.25 0.00 3.53 2.30 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.00 1,779.83 2014 2014 117.58 968.07 46.39 95.56 44.11 0.00 0.00 9.83 0.00 1.09 2.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.67 0.12 0.00 0.00 1,271.64 2015 2015 133.28 559.91 40.31 53.51 51.72 21.98 0.00 0.00 4.50 0.00 2.01 2.82 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.00 2016 2016 799.82 267.17 36.01 43.15 52.31 70.85 0.92 0.95 1.11 1.26 1.37 1.64 1.74 1.80 1.87 1.95 2.22 2.31 2.35 2.39 2.93 3.40 Table 15:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromRussiaatHS02Level The top 25importsfrom Russia at HS-06level make up 65% the of total importsfrom Russia. *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 340220 730661 300490 721049 240290 720890 390110 170112 722820 721420 180690 271121 151219 440710 999999 271019 271012 TOTAL 19 84 39 18 73 Surface-active preparations, washing preparations, auxiliary washing preparationsandcleaning . auxiliary preparations, washing preparations, Surface-active Tubes and pipes and hollow profiles, welded, of square or of square welded, rectangular cross-section,ofiron . . profiles, hollow and pipes and Tubes therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= tobacco substitutes of wholly consisting cigarettes and cigarillos cheroots, Cigars, hot-rolled and further worked, . hot-rolled andfurther mm, 600 >= width a of steel, or iron of products Flat-rolled Polyethylene with a specific gravity of < 0,94, in primary forms Raw beetsugar(excludingaddedflavouringorcolouring) finished products,flat-rolledproducts . Bars and rods of silico-manganese steel (excluding semi- . groves orotherdeformations Bars and rods, of iron or non-alloy steel, with indentations, ribs, containers orimmediatepackingsof<= . cocoa, in Chocolate andotherpreparationscontaining Natural gasingaseousstate not refined,butchemically . or whether fractions, their and oil safflower or Sunflower-seed Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; pastrycooks or milk; products starch flour, cereals, of Preparations whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; Commodities notelsewherespecified Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Cocoa andcocoapreparations which >=90%byvolume“incl. . minerals oils andpreparations,ofpetroleumorbituminous Light Product Description All products Articles ofironorsteel Articles Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS06Level fromRussia 25Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS02Level fromRussia 10Imports

1,784.62 2012 2012 470.46 15.68 11.88 13.31 28.42 16.89 33.43 28.15 61.69 37.10 14.27 52.16 31.57 2.79 0.00 0.13 1.05 0.00 5.95 0.00 0.48 0.00 1,989.24 2013 2013 559.64 17.75 15.46 14.76 30.66 20.31 41.85 32.71 74.62 38.97 15.87 40.13 37.67 4.18 0.00 0.36 1.45 0.00 8.82 0.00 0.42 0.00 1,779.83 2014 2014 468.52 16.11 18.07 29.78 27.12 38.94 38.43 73.31 43.59 16.48 35.20 35.52 9.81 3.80 0.00 0.04 3.13 0.00 9.23 7.41 3.67 0.00 1,271.64 2015 2015 259.28 277.52 13.05 11.64 12.50 22.86 34.33 28.35 22.56 34.44 53.53 17.25 29.10 30.15 9.26 7.64 5.84 1.45 4.31 0.00 6.81 5.25 2016 2016 799.82 112.92 125.60 10.39 14.40 14.74 17.00 20.45 29.32 17.04 34.25 19.23 43.15 21.41 23.40 34.77 6.05 6.08 6.52 7.09 8.03 8.36 9.83 49 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 50 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 16:Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromRussiaatHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions 401120 730690 151211 721710 190531 180631 730619 690890 lorries (excludingtypreswith . lorries and buses for used kind a of rubber,of tyres, pneumatic New similarly closed”,ofironor . or riveted seam, open “e.g., profiles hollow and pipes Tubes, Crude sunflower-seed orsaffloweroil Crude whether ornotpolished(excluding . coils, notplatedorcoated, or non-alloysteel,in Wire ofiron Sweet biscuits slabs orbarsof<=2kg,filled blocks, cocoa, in Chocolate andotherpreparationscontaining rolled productsofiron . Line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, welded, of flat- Glazed ceramic flags and paving, hearth or wall tiles; glazed ceramic mosaiccubesandthe . tiles; wall or hearth paving, and flags ceramic Glazed Kyrgyzstan’s Top atHS06Level fromRussia 25Imports

2012 28.07 9.79 0.35 3.04 5.45 7.11 0.00 4.90 2013 15.81 8.64 0.37 0.28 6.99 8.42 0.00 6.32 2014 10.32 4.51 0.17 0.25 7.16 6.79 0.04 7.03 2015 4.23 0.38 1.11 5.04 7.97 5.47 1.87 6.91 2016 4.69 4.85 4.87 5.15 5.48 5.76 5.77 5.93 from 2014onwards have exports declined steadily and were recorded at USD 0.15Billion in2016. therehead, so remains some ambiguity about reasons the for growth the However, said inthe period. 0.7 Billion. From 2013to largest 2014the increase was recorded commodities under unspecified the Kazakhstan grewby 40%.However, highest the value was recorded reached exports in2014,when USD category.in almost every Thegrowth highest inexport revenue was recorded whento exports in2012 and nuts. From grew at 2011exports an 2005till average of annum 14%per with minor fluctuations Major to exports Kazakhstan comprise of ores, articles of products clothing, and dairy edible fruits wood. increase imports inthe of essential oils, perfumery, toilet cosmetics, preparations, and wood articles of for by of decrease the category. fuel mineral 39%inthe However, was compensated fall this for by an bill was USD 635.55Million, areduction of 6.2%compared to previous the year. Thiscanbeaccounted steadily at annum 20% per on average owing to an increasepartially in oil prices. In import 2016 the of imports is somewhat similar to that of Russia. From 2011imports from 2005till Kazakhstan grew Kyrgyz imports from Kazakhstan are dominated by and fuel mineral oil, mineral composition the infact, to Kazakhstan.in exports The notablethe hike deficit in from 2013 onwardsbecause in is rise ofa accompaniedimports fall bya Kyrgyzstan has deficit had atrade with theKazakhstan, deficit showednearly a constant 2013. till trend In Asia, Central Kazakhstan is largest the of trading partner Kyrgyzstan. For most of past the decade, 5.3 Trade withKazakhstan: fro onards eports hae declined steadily and ere recorded at illion in head so therereains soe abiguity aboutthe reasons for thegroth in illion ro to the largest increase as recorded under the unspecified coodities aahstan gre alost eery category he highest groth in eportreenue as recorded in hen eportsto nuts ro till eports gre anaerage at of perannu ith inor fluctuations in aor eports to aahstan coprise of ores articles of ood increase in the iports of essential perfueryoils cosetics toilet preparations and ood articles of decreaby the as illionreduction a of copared to the preious year his canaccounted be for steadily at per annu aerageon oing partially anincreaseto in prices oil n the iportbill iports is soehat siilar to that of ussia ro till aah eports to yrgystandoinated are by ineral fuel and ineral fact in oil the coposition of to aahstaneports in he notable hie in the deficit fro yrgystan hashad a trade deficit n sia entral Figure

16 illions

5.3 : Balance of Trade with Kazakhstan

Trade withKazakh se of in theineral fuel category oeer thisfall as copensated for by an

by oeer the highest alue recordedas in hen eportsreached aahstan largest the is trading partnerof yrgystan

ilateral radeaahstanith

Figure 24:BalanceofTradewithKazakhstan ith aahstan ports stan

onards onards :

ports thedeficit shoed a nearly constant trend till is is because aof in rise iports accopanied byfall a ear

clothing dairy products and edibleand fruits

iportsfro aahstan gre alance of rade alance of

or of ost

the said oeer period the pastdecade

51 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 52 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 17: Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoKazakhstanatHS02Level were leading the category in2016, followed by commodities unspecified and floatglass. Top at 25exports HS-06level account for 75%of to total the Kazakhstan. exports Precious ores metal of total the exports. commodities not and elsewhere specified articles of apparel arethecategories leading making up 43% At HS-02level, the top account 10exports for 83%of to total the Kazakhstan. exports Ores, slag and ash, *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 620433 620312 610831 392330 700529 999999 261690 40120 TOTAL TOTAL 81330 68 39 70 62 61 99 26 7 8 4 Edible vegetables and certain rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain materials ofstone,plaster,Articles cement,asbestos, mica orsimilar not concentratednorcontaining . . Milk and cream of a fat content by weight of > 1% but <= 6%, Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles oes r il jces n baes f ytei fibres synthetic of blazers and (excluding knittedorcrocheted, . . jackets girls or Womens Glass andglassware Mens or boys suits of synthetic fibres (excluding knitted or knitted (excluding crocheted, tracksuits,skisuits . fibres synthetic of suits boys or Mens Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit . or crocheted(excludingT-shirts, knitted cotton, of pajamas’ and nightdresses girls or Womens animal origin,notelsewhere... of eggs; naturalhoney;edibleproducts birds produce; Dairy or packagingofgoods, . for the conveyance Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles Dried apples crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles but not otherwise worked(excluding . but nototherwise ground andpolished glass, in sheets, Float glass and surface crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles Commodities notelsewherespecified Commodities notelsewherespecified and concentrates) Precious-metal ores andconcentrates(excludingsilver ores Product Description Ores, slagandash Product Description All products All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top toKazakhstanatHS06Level 25Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toKazakhstanatHS02Level 10Exports

2012 2012 404.93 404.93 36.07 10.48 11.30 44.58 23.71 63.23 17.42 36.45 36.45 25.22 25.22 9.50 0.75 8.23 1.04 0.02 4.82 0.13 6.45 2013 2013 382.45 382.45 31.33 12.13 13.14 16.33 40.40 15.25 80.01 13.89 20.30 26.36 26.36 17.45 17.45 6.22 2.58 2.90 0.14 6.10 0.10 2014 2014 508.66 508.66 187.10 187.10 22.42 11.41 13.74 12.71 20.71 23.07 71.88 10.47 24.67 38.15 38.39 9.00 3.85 2.43 0.16 5.17 0.10 2015 2015 227.70 227.70 11.27 17.73 30.57 48.21 48.21 18.45 18.70 9.16 5.48 7.42 2.04 7.79 1.36 4.24 0.07 3.19 0.04 4.99 8.11 2016 2016 151.15 151.15 10.31 10.75 13.46 15.72 24.31 24.28 25.39 25.39 4.40 4.68 3.46 6.38 3.48 9.93 3.59 3.64 5.36 7.20 8.99 Table 18: Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoKazakhstanatHS06Level 39% of total the imports from Kazakhstan. Mineral commodities fuels, unspecified and essential oils arethecategories leading making up roughly Top 10imports from Kazakhstan at HS-02level account for 70%of total the imports from Kazakhstan *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 190590 611020 620192 610520 680291 210500 680292 610610 610343 620453 851629 640320 80810 40210 TOTAL 71333 40390 44 33 99 27 or notcontainingcocoa;communion . Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers wares, whether of cotton,knittedorcrocheted . articles, similar and waistcoats cardigans, pullovers, Jerseys, articles, ofcotton(notknitted . articles, similar and jackets wind windcheaters, anoraks, boys or Mens . T-shirts, (excluding nightshirts, crocheted or knitted fibres, man-made of shirts boys or Mens Fresh apples Milk and cream in solid forms, of a fat content by weight of weight by <= 1,5% content fat a of forms, solid in cream and Milk . cubes andsimilararticles and alabaster,Marble, travertine (excludingtiles, in any form Ice cream and other edible ice, whether or not containing cocoa not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, alabaster, tiles,cubesand . and (excludingmarble, travertine Calcareous stone, in any form knitted orcrocheted(excluding . ofcotton, andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts shorts ofsyntheticfibres,knitted . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles or acidifiedmilkandcream, . curdledmilkandcream, kephir andotherfermented Buttermilk, preparations cosmeticortoilet perfumery, Essential oilsandresinoids; oes r il sit ad iie sit o snhtc fibres synthetic (excluding knittedorcrocheted . of skirts divided and skirts girls or Womens Commodities notelsewherespecified storage heatingradiators) Electric space-heatingandsoil-heatingapparatus(excluding bituminous substances;mineral distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products of leatherstrapsacrossthe . leather,of soles consist outer Footwearwhich with uppers and Kyrgyzstan’s Top from Kazakhstan atHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toKazakhstanatHS06Level 25Exports

2012 2012 518.72 122.94 10.75 29.85 0.01 2.25 0.02 0.00 4.08 0.00 4.14 0.62 4.78 0.35 0.00 0.42 2.07 3.51 3.41 0.01 0.00 2013 2013 555.02 109.42 10.20 18.69 0.01 0.36 0.00 0.00 2.23 0.02 0.06 0.33 7.39 0.04 0.00 0.21 0.91 3.29 3.90 1.62 0.00 2014 2014 776.74 168.72 13.73 36.85 0.24 0.41 0.00 0.00 4.58 4.92 0.00 2.19 0.56 8.63 0.00 0.01 0.29 1.90 3.23 3.71 0.00 2015 2015 677.41 192.48 58.07 0.60 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.65 3.28 0.01 2.01 0.20 5.08 0.00 0.00 0.30 2.34 8.57 1.60 2.80 0.00 2016 2016 635.55 117.11 41.13 56.68 75.32 1.26 1.48 1.49 1.52 1.61 1.93 2.04 2.11 2.21 2.34 2.35 2.53 2.59 2.92 3.14 3.21 53 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 54 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 19:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromKazakhstanatHS02Level category account for 64%of total the imports from Kazakhstan. The followingtable showsthe top 25importsfrom Kazakhstan at HS-06level. Importsthis under *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 100119 340220 441011 870324 210111 721049 270119 190110 271121 240220 330499 392111 100199 440710 330510 271019 999999 TOTAL 24 21 19 39 72 10 Durum wheat(excludingseedforsowing) Durum Surface-active preparations, washing preparations, auxiliary washing preparationsandcleaning . auxiliary preparations, washing preparations, Surface-active atce or o wo, hte o nt glmrtd with agglomerated not or resins orotherorganicbindingsubstances . whether wood, of board Particle the transport ofpersons,incl. . the transport Motor carsandothermotorvehiclesprincipallydesignedfor Extracts, essencesandconcentrates,ofcoffee 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, groats, meal,starchor . flour,of sale, retail for up put use, infant for preparations Food Natural gasingaseousstate Cigarettes, containingtobacco of theskin(otherthanmedicaments), . Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of cellular polymers of polymers ofcellular strip, . styrene, unworkedormerelysurface-worked and foil film, sheets, Plates, Tobacco andmanufacturedtobaccosubstitutes Wheat and meslin (excluding seed for sowing, and durum durum and sowing, for wheat) seed (excluding meslin and Wheat Miscellaneous ediblepreparations whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; pastry cooks pastry or milk; products starch flour, cereals, of Preparations Shampoos Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Iron andsteel Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description All products Cereals Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromKazakhstanatHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromKazakhstanatHS06Level 25Imports

2012 2012 518.72 36.84 63.86 38.05 38.05 27.96 29.85 95.47 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.91 0.00 1.21 0.65 0.00 4.23 0.02 5.20 0.11 6.03 9.30 2013 2013 555.02 49.36 47.33 46.37 46.37 43.19 18.69 87.85 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.48 0.00 1.21 1.19 0.00 4.91 0.00 6.08 0.18 7.58 6.02 2014 2014 776.74 104.78 14.17 11.46 43.97 39.57 51.67 51.79 18.57 12.19 13.00 76.11 47.48 36.85 0.00 7.92 0.00 2.88 5.05 2.87 1.72 0.00 0.04 3.01 2015 2015 677.41 112.07 84.51 36.34 31.05 28.20 28.20 59.47 10.30 84.76 58.36 64.95 1.44 4.15 0.15 3.95 1.11 2.02 3.02 1.23 8.26 0.00 6.06 1.69 2016 2016 635.55 11.10 13.96 14.58 16.70 17.66 18.22 18.74 17.66 23.55 22.05 24.03 24.97 26.14 28.54 71.85 30.67 75.32 32.05 6.17 6.18 7.61 8.62 9.28 Table 20:Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromKazakhstanatHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions 730729 721420 151790 110311 170490 252100 441860 961900 flanges, threadedelbows, . Tube or pipe fittings of stainless steel (excluding cast products, . groves orotherdeformations Bars and rods, of iron or non-alloy steel, with indentations, ribs, oils andediblefractionsof . or preparationsofanimalvegetablefats mixtures Edible Groats andmealofwheat (excluding chewinggum) Sugar confectionery not containing cocoa, incl. white chocolate used forthemanufactureof . Limestone flux; limestone and other calcareous stone, of a kind Posts andbeams,ofwood . for babies,andsimilararticles, towels (pads) and Sanitary tampons, napkins and napkin liners Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromKazakhstanatHS06Level 25Imports

2012 0.00 0.92 3.13 0.01 4.25 3.77 0.00 0.00 2013 0.00 0.19 3.41 0.02 4.04 6.80 0.00 0.00 2014 10.46 0.01 2.25 4.75 0.12 4.34 0.00 0.00 2015 0.00 5.21 4.20 1.50 3.26 6.54 0.00 4.67 2016 4.39 4.46 4.46 4.58 4.92 5.09 5.55 5.98 55 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 56 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC to an increase inimports of plastics. import bill for 2016was around USD 69Million, than 17%higher 2015.This increasecanbe attributed incidentally is largest the import from Uzbekistan, was driving the factor reduction. this behind The of USD 102Million in2014.The inimportsfrom fall overall of the fertilizers world which by 45% fluctuated thelastduring fiveyears, the with lowestvalue of USD 59Million in2015 the highestand Fertilizers, plastics, and are top the 3items imported from Uzbekistan. The import has bill revenue export 2016, the of USD 125Million 34%lower in2016was still than that recorded in2012. stock… category for last the five years.Althoughgrew exports by morethanbetween 2015 31%and to UzbekistanExports at HS02level have dominated been by vehicles the other than tramway rolling 2012 to USD 55Million in2016,adecline of more than 60%. for last the five years.Althoughpositive,balance trade theis it has fromworsened USD 144 Million in Kazakhstan. accompanied decline Agradual inexports by asteady growth inimports observed has been Uzbekistan is second the largest of trading partner Kyrgyzstan among its Asian Central neighbors after 5.4 Figure an increase iports in of plastics iportbill for aroundas illion higherthan increase his can be incidentally islargest the iportfro beistan asdriing the factor behind this reduction he illion in heoe fluctuated duringlast the fie years ithloest the alueof illion in and the highest of ertiliersplastics and carpet are the top ites iported fro beistan heiport bill has the eportreenue of in illion stillas loer than thatre stock… category for the lastfive years. Although exportsgrew by more than 31% between 2015 and ports to beistan at to in illion decline a of ore than thefor last fieyears lthough the tradebalance positieis it has orsened fro illion in aahstan gradual declinein e beistan is the second largest trading partner yrgystanof aong itsentral sian neighbors after able 5.4 20

illions Trade withUzbekistan: 17 Kyrgyzstan’s Kyrgyzstan’s 25 ImportsKazakhstanTop from at HS 06 Level

: Balance Tradeof

products flanges threaded elbos threaded flanges products cast ecluding steel stainless of fittings pipe or ube ribsdeforations groes other or ar oils andor fractions edible of dible egetable anial preparations or of ituresor fats roats and heat eal of cho s and non iron or rods of colate ecluding cheing gu cheing ecluding colate Trade with Uzbekistan Trade with leel haebeen doinated by the ehicles other than traay rolling with U ilateral radeebistanith rall fall iports in of fertiliersfro theorld by hich

Figure 25:BalanceofTradewithUzbekistan ports accopanieda steady by groth iports in has been obsered zbekistan ports

alloy steel ithalloy indentations

:

ports ear

rade alance

cordedin

attributed to

Table 21 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoUzbekistanatHS02Level exports to Uzbekistanexports at HS-02level account for 85%of total exports. Vehicles, iron & steel are and machinery top the items export to Uzbekistan at HS-02level. The top 10 three leading products at HS-06level. the to Uzbekistan.exports Dumpers for off highway aeronauticaluse, instruments and AC motors arethe The followingtable showsthe top to 25exports Uzbekistan whichat HS-06level account for 74% of total *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 270900 870899 720890 690210 390410 270119 850153 901420 870410 TOTAL TOTAL 25 31 69 39 85 27 90 84 72 87 cement and stone;plasteringmaterials,lime earths Salt; sulphur; Fertilisers crude Petroleum oils and oils obtained frombituminousminerals, Ceramic products transport oftenormorepersons, . transport andaccessories,fortractors,motorvehiclesthe Parts Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles hot-rolled and further worked, . hot-rolled andfurther mm, 600 >= width a of steel, or iron of products Flat-rolled recorders andreproducers,television . thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery constructional goodscontaining, . constructional ceramic bricks,blocks, tiles andsimilarrefractory Refractory bituminous substances;mineral . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts substances Poly”vinyl chloride”, in forms, primary not mixed with any other precision, medicalorsurgical . measuring, checking, Optical, photographic,cinematographic, anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW (excluding compassesandradio . and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments Iron andsteel Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway Product Description and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Product Description All products All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top toUzbekistanatHS06Level 25Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toUzbekistanatHS02Level 10Exports

2012 2012 190.13 190.13 11.01 12.52 26.39 86.12 5.57 5.63 0.00 0.85 3.03 1.74 0.00 6.41 0.00 0.00 0.07 2.18 0.00 0.00 0.79 2013 2013 159.01 159.01 17.90 28.88 30.41 5.63 4.65 0.16 0.35 2.59 9.08 0.00 6.09 0.00 5.41 6.74 0.24 4.27 0.00 0.00 6.55 2014 2014 163.70 163.70 11.86 15.26 18.05 1.97 0.00 0.35 3.06 2.88 0.00 9.81 0.00 9.23 1.54 0.18 5.92 8.45 0.00 0.00 1.13 2015 2015 13.29 95.03 95.03 27.63 17.78 3.00 0.90 0.00 0.19 3.63 2.86 0.98 0.00 5.76 1.62 0.13 4.93 9.82 5.56 8.08 0.00 2016 2016 125.07 125.07 10.72 15.62 42.13 33.74 2.69 2.72 2.59 3.76 2.91 5.07 3.30 6.84 3.65 8.77 3.73 8.78 3.86 4.24 8.30 57 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 58 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 22 : Top25Kyrgyzstan’sExportstoUzbekistanatHS06Level from Uzbekistan. The top 10imports at HS-02level account for 71% the of total importsfrom Uzbekistan. andFertilizers, plastics, knitted fabrics are among foremost the products at HS-02level imported *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 520100 840820 401194 842911 720249 820719 251690 722540 382490 870840 310230 270210 720449 870423 700529 190110 TOTAL 61 60 57 39 31 8 Cotton, neithercardednorcombed or semi-dieselengine”,for . “diesel engine piston combustion internal Compression-ignition or industrialhandlingvehicles . Pneumatic tyres, new, of rubber, of a kind used on construction Self-propelled bulldozersandangledozers,tracklaying Self-propelled Ferro-chromium, containingbyweight<=4%ofcarbon therefor, . withworkingparts tools, interchangeable,andparts Rock-drilling orearth-boring whether ornotroughlytrimmed . Porphyry,stone, or building basaltandothermonumental . of >=600mm,notfurther Flat-rolled products of alloy steel other than stainless, of a width industries, incl.thoseconsisting . Chemical productsandpreparationsof the chemicalorallied the transport of tenormore . the transport thereof, fortractors,motorvehicles Gear boxesandparts crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles moim irt, hte o nt n qeu solution aqueous in not or . (excluding thatinpelletorsimilarforms, whether nitrate, Ammonium Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit jet) Lignite, whether or not pulverised, non-agglomerated (excluding Knitted orcrochetedfabrics other wasteoftheproduction . Wasteslag, scaleand or steel(excluding andscrapofiron Carpets andothertextilefloorcoverings ignition internal combustionpiston . ignition internal compression- with goods, of transport the for vehicles Motor Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles but not otherwise worked(excluding . but nototherwise ground andpolishedglass, in sheets, Float glass and surface Fertilizers Product Description All products groats, meal,starchor . flour,of sale, retail for up put use, infant for preparations Food Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromUzbekistanatHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toUzbekistanatHS06Level 25Exports

2012 2012 63.15 75.39 19.20 0.00 0.74 9.74 2.34 1.43 6.56 1.48 0.19 0.83 2.32 0.06 3.60 0.10 0.01 0.00 4.67 0.05 3.89 0.22 0.42 2013 2013 22.75 97.61 14.39 26.09 0.02 0.94 2.93 1.24 6.37 1.56 1.00 2.29 1.79 0.15 1.93 9.22 0.13 0.03 2.67 0.69 4.98 1.67 0.71 2014 2014 102.24 17.05 35.99 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.33 1.45 1.60 0.63 0.71 1.52 0.82 0.00 8.56 0.17 1.93 5.77 1.71 8.25 5.80 9.14 0.86 2015 2015 59.22 17.08 0.00 0.13 7.67 0.42 0.52 2.42 1.35 0.50 0.90 0.71 0.55 0.59 0.15 0.27 2.67 4.44 3.40 3.85 4.19 2.80 2.23 2016 2016 69.77 11.65 1.06 1.11 1.31 1.37 1.41 1.41 1.53 1.59 1.64 1.65 3.45 1.75 4.27 1.81 5.14 1.85 6.22 1.89 7.24 2.35 2.41 Table 23:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromUzbekistanatHS02Level about 68%to total the imports from Uzbekistan. The followingtable showsthe top 25 items importedfrom Uzbekistan the HS-06levelat contributing *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 392590 600410 851660 691200 610910 600624 283620 760421 640199 600622 560121 271121 391620 310210 570242 310230 81070 80610 80930 TOTAL 85 56 64 27 walls, ceilings,roofs,etc., . Building elements for the manufacture of floors, walls, partition >= 5%byweightelastomeric . . Knitted or crocheted fabrics, of a width of > 30 cm, containing Fresh persimmons Fresh grapes electric grillersandroasters, . rings, plates andboiling ovens, cookers, cooking Electric Fresh peaches,incl.nectarines alwr, icewr, te hueod rils n toilet and ofceramicsotherthan . articles, articles household other kitchenware, Tableware, T-shirts, singletsandothervestsofcotton,knittedorcrocheted T-shirts, cm (excludingwarpknitfabrics . 30 > of width a of crocheted, or knitted Printedfabrics, cotton Disodium carbonate Hollow profilesofaluminiumalloys,n.e.s. with outersolesanduppersof . knee, the nor ankle the neither covering footwear Waterproof cm (excludingwarpknitfabrics . 30 > of width a of crocheted, or knitted fabrics, cotton Dyed towels andtampons,napkins . thereof (excluding sanitary Wadding of cotton and articles Natural gasingaseousstate rods, sticksandprofileshapes, . mm, 1 > of dimension cross-sectional any with Monofilament recorders andreproducers,television . thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery ra wehr r o i auos ouin ecuig ht in that (excluding orin . pellet orsimilarforms, solution aqueous in not or whether Urea, ropes and cables and articles thereof ropes andcablesarticles cordage, twine, yarns; special nonwovens; and felt Wadding, Carpets and other floor coverings, of man-made textile of man-made coverings, floor orflocked, . materials, woven,nottufted other and Carpets Footwear, ofsucharticles gaitersandthelike;parts moim irt, hte o nt n qeu solution aqueous in not or . (excluding thatinpelletorsimilarforms, whether nitrate, Ammonium Product Description All products bituminous substances;mineral . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromUzbekistanatHS06Level 25Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromUzbekistanatHS02Level 10Imports

2012 2012 14.38 63.15 18.06 14.39 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 1.68 2.79 0.00 0.28 1.47 0.83 0.79 0.52 0.04 2.94 2013 2013 16.83 97.61 21.80 16.88 0.94 0.00 0.00 1.07 0.00 2.24 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.96 2.33 3.56 0.03 1.31 1.79 0.85 3.43 1.92 0.55 3.69 2014 2014 102.24 10.31 24.53 1.17 0.38 0.00 1.59 0.00 0.99 0.11 0.25 0.43 7.04 3.20 2.70 0.89 2.01 3.53 2.39 0.88 2.60 1.66 2.99 3.56 2015 2015 59.22 0.48 0.34 0.04 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.14 0.15 0.79 3.85 1.63 2.01 0.84 1.47 3.94 2.19 1.06 7.31 1.90 3.22 2.71 9.70 3.99 2016 2016 69.77 0.63 0.64 0.68 0.80 0.87 1.36 1.46 1.53 1.60 1.69 1.84 2.14 2.19 2.43 3.14 4.22 2.42 4.65 2.79 5.46 3.18 6.48 3.34 59 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 60 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 24:Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromUzbekistanatHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions 611120 310559 640419 850153 690890 70200 crocheted (excludinghats) andclothingaccessories of cotton, knittedor Babies garments Mineral or chemical fertilisers containing the two fertilising fertilising two the elements nitrogen(excluding . containing fertilisers chemical or Mineral textile materials(excluding . of uppers and plastics or rubber of soles outer with Footwear AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW Tomatoes, freshorchilled Glazed ceramic flags and paving, hearth or wall tiles; glazed ceramic mosaiccubesandthe . tiles; wall or hearth paving, and flags ceramic Glazed Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromUzbekistanatHS06Level 25Imports 2012 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.22 2013 0.10 0.27 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.74 2014 0.18 0.45 0.08 0.00 0.06 1.50 2015 0.04 0.06 0.19 0.58 0.32 0.68 2016 0.49 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.59 0.59 products and raw hideswere foremost the at exports HS02level. below make up 93.12%of total the products to Ores exported China. and slag followed by tobacco tableThe below shows Kyrgyzstan’s top China 10to exports Level.at HS-02 The major listed exports value addition could which provide an explanation for low values. export manufactured tobacco substitutes, raw hides,skins, and vehicles. The nature indicatesof exports low to majorly China Exports comprise of and agricultural manufactured such goods as ores, slag, tobacco, USD 1.3Billion in2016depicting an increase of 39%over 2015. from have China contributed also to aworsening deficit trade inthe in recent years. The deficit crossed Kyrgyzstan has had aconstant deficit trade withChina. The substitution of Russian those imports with projectsenergy Kyrgyz has the led government to strengthen its with China. ties to economic the downturn Russian in the economy coupled promises with unfulfilled of investments in is largestChina the import of partner Kyrgyzstan. Adeterioration ineconomic with Russia ties owing 5.5 Trade withChina: *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code additionvalue which manufactured xports to hina maorly comprise agriculturalof and manufactured goods such as oresslag tobacco 1.3 illion 201 in depicting anincrease 3%of over 20 from hina havealso contribute yrgystan hashad a constanttradedeficit hina.with energy proectshas the led yrgy government to strengthen ties its hina.with the economicdownturn in the ussian economy coupled with hinalargest the is import partner TOTAL 87 27 41 24 26

illions 5 2000 1500 1000 .5 1000 1500 2000 500 500 Trade with China: with Trade 0 and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other bituminous substances;mineral... distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Raw hidesandskins(otherthanfurskins)leather Tobacco andmanufacturedtobaccosubstitutes Ores, slagandash Product Description All products tobacco substitutes raw hidesskins and vehicles.nature he of exportsindicates low 2012 could provide anexplanation for 11. Kyrgyzstan’s Top toChinaatHS02Level 10Exports

d to a worsening the in trade deficit recent in years.deficit he crossed

of of ilateral radehina with Figure 26:BalanceofTradewithChina yrgystan. A deterioration in economic ties ussia with owing to 2013 mports xports low export low values.

he substitutionthose ussianhe of imports with 201 ear 15.

unfulfilled promises investments of in 2012

61.37 30.26 1.93 8.41 9.25 0.00 alance

2013

38.96 2015 3.69 9.64 9.33 0.00 1.04

2014 32.78 1.69 7.88 7.56 0.00 2.81 2015 201 35.88 2.08 5.91 9.74 1.27 0.81 135.25 2016 79.70 10.07 42.72 2.06 6.53 6.92

61 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 62 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 25:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoChinaatHS02Level valued at USD 42.39million. below make up 93.74%of to total the Metal China. exports ores were most the product exported in2016, tableThe below represents Kyrgyzstan’s China to exports at HS-06level. The top 25 listedproducts *All valuesinUSDMillion *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 903180 843041 220421 410150 901580 520942 852560 270119 870590 590390 271019 410411 240220 261690 40900 TOTAL 52 85 84 90 59 checking, notelsewherespecified in . or for measuring appliances andmachines Instruments, extracting mineralsorores . or forboringearth machinery boringorsinking Self-propelled Wine of fresh grapes, incl. fortified wines, and grape must grape and wines, . hasbeen arrested whose fermentation fortified incl. grapes, fresh of Wine animals, whetherornotdehaired . equine or buffalo” “incl. bovine of skins and hides raw Whole hydrography, oceanography, hydrology, . and appliancesused ingeodesy, Instruments topography, Natural honey 200 g/m², made of yarn of different . 200 g/m²,madeofyarn > weighing and weight by cotton 85% >= containing Denim, incorporating receptionapparatus Transmission apparatus for radio-broadcasting or television, anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, designed for the transport of . designed forthetransport Special purpose motorvehicles (other than thoseprincipally plastics otherthanpoly”vinyl . with laminated or covered coated, impregnated, Textilefabrics Cotton minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery blue”, ofhidesandskins . wet- “incl. state wet the in splits, grain and unsplit grains, Full parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; Cigarettes, containingtobacco precision, medicalorsurgical... measuring, checking, Optical, photographic,cinematographic, and concentrates) Precious-metal ores andconcentrates(excludingsilver ores Product Description All products textile articles ofakindsuitable... textile articles textile fabrics; coated, coveredorlaminated Impregnated,

Kyrgyzstan’s Top toChinaatHS06Level 25Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toChinaatHS02Level 10Exports 2012 2012 61.37 30.15 0.00 0.21 0.00 3.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.21 0.00 0.00 7.58 0.01 1.80 6.62 0.00 0.06 0.00 2013 2013 38.96 0.01 0.26 0.00 2.21 1.24 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.00 0.00 9.62 0.79 2.81 4.86 0.00 1.50 0.89 0.00 2014 2014 32.78 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.22 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.18 0.00 0.00 7.60 0.62 2.28 3.47 0.00 0.00 2.36 0.00 2015 2015 35.88 0.00 0.00 0.29 2.32 0.00 0.82 0.00 0.01 0.22 0.63 4.60 0.01 5.68 0.05 2.77 4.61 1.21 0.19 0.64 4.60 2016 2016 79.70 42.39 0.36 0.44 0.44 0.46 0.51 0.61 0.67 0.69 0.84 1.02 1.84 0.68 5.57 0.81 5.77 1.25 9.86 1.34 1.84 Table 26 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoChinaatHS06Level 2016. up 75.73% of total the imports from Footwear China. were and machinery most the imported in goods tableThe below liststhe major products importedfrom China at HS-02level. The top 10 make products Billion showing an increase of more than 42%over 2015. have averaged around USD 1.2Billion over last the five years. The importbill for 2016 was USD 1.4 of apparel and capital such goods as nuclear reactors, and mechanical appliances. Imports from China Imports from are China mainly consumer such goods as footwear, gaiters, appliances, electrical articles *All valuesinUSDMillion *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 251110 847910 870510 870423 510129 940600 410120 902780 253090 TOTAL 80232 54 39 62 61 85 55 84 64 Natural bariumsulphate“barytes” Machinery forpublicworks,buildingorthelike,n.e.s. Machinery Man-made filaments; strip and the like of man-made textile ofman-made materials like the and strip filaments; Man-made Crane lorries (excludingbreakdownlorries) Crane lorries Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles ignition internal combustionpiston . ignition internal compression- with goods, of transport the for vehicles Motor crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles (excluding shorn wool) (excluding shorn combed nor carded neither non-carbonised, wool, Degreased crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles rfbiae bidns wehr r o cmlt o already or assembled complete not or whether buildings, Prefabricated recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery animals, whetherornotdehaired, . equine or buffalo” “incl. bovine of skins and hides raw Whole Man-made staplefibres Fresh ordriedwalnuts,shelled parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; for measuringorcheckingviscosity, . and apparatusforphysicalorchemicalanalysis, Instruments Footwear, ofsucharticles gaitersandthelike;parts Product Description All products mineral substances,n.e.s. other and colours earth pozzuolana, alunite, sulfides, Arsenic Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromChinaatHS02Level 10Imports

Kyrgyzstan’s Top toChinaatHS06Level 25Exports 1,210.25 2012 2012 152.04 122.18 16.19 51.31 97.57 94.12 56.93 61.16 0.00 0.19 0.42 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.94 0.13 0.00 0.00 1,432.05 2013 2013 100.74 185.38 160.11 13.97 83.80 83.25 57.84 52.81 0.00 0.56 1.47 0.00 0.13 0.00 1.12 2.04 0.00 0.00 1,098.47 2014 2014 131.85 15.18 71.65 65.35 74.19 69.67 54.71 33.80 0.09 0.90 0.65 0.02 0.38 0.04 0.84 2.42 0.00 0.20 1,029.11 2015 2015 163.49 21.66 54.53 43.51 44.47 92.05 77.52 73.69 0.04 0.00 0.96 0.19 0.34 0.00 0.57 0.54 0.17 0.00 1,464.96 2016 2016 138.08 150.94 206.53 243.03 53.14 55.99 77.23 99.24 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 63 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 64 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 27:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromChinaatHS02Level product in2016,followed by sportswear, woven fabrics and of parts steam turbines. below make up 39.04%of total the products imported from Footwear China. was most the imported tableThe below lists Kyrgyzstan’s top importsfrom China at HS-06level. The top 25 listedproducts *All Values inUSDMillions *All valuesinUSDMillion Product Code 851770 611522 610342 551511 611596 640590 691200 851762 840290 621210 611430 851712 840690 640219 640291 551599 640299 TOTAL 73 87 other wirelessnetworksand . for or networks cellular for telephones sets, telephone of Parts measuring per single yarn >= . measuring persingleyarn crocheted, or knitted fibres, synthetic of tights and Pantyhose shorts ofcotton,knittedor . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and staple fibresbyweight,mixed . polyester 85% predominantly,< containing but fabrics Woven incl. footwearwithoutapplied . Full-length orknee-lengthstockings,socks and otherhosiery, oter ih ue sls f ubr r lsis wt uppers other thanrubber, plastics,leather . with plastics, or rubber of soles outer with Footwear alwr, icewr, te hueod rils n toilet and ofceramicsotherthan . articles, articles household other kitchenware, Tableware, regeneration ofvoice,imagesor . Machines for the reception,conversionandtransmissionor at o vpu gnrtn bies n spretd water superheated and boilers boilers, n.e.s. generating vapour of Parts rsirs f l tps f etl mtras wehr r not or whether materials, textile elasticated, incl.knittedor . of types all of Brassieres n.e.s., ofman-madefibres, . or otherpurposes, forprofessional, sporting Special garments eehns o clua ntok “oie eehns o for other wirelessnetworks or telephones” “mobile networks cellular for Telephones Parts ofsteamandothervapourturbines,n.e.s. Parts prs oter ih ue sls n upr o rbe or rubber of uppers and plastics (excludingwaterprooffootwear . soles outer with footwear Sports rubber orplastics(excludingwaterproof . of rubber uppers and soles outer with ankle, the covering Footwear staple fibres,otherthanthose . synthetic 85% predominantly,< containing but fabrics Woven Articles ofironorsteel Articles oter ih ue sls n upr o rbe o plastics or rubber (excluding coveringtheankleor . of uppers and soles outer with Footwear Product Description All products and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromChinaatHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromChinaatHS06Level 25Imports

1,210.25 2012 2012 18.31 13.34 28.56 91.10 49.03 61.98 4.70 1.31 0.88 0.85 9.29 1.11 0.00 1.60 9.08 0.30 0.03 0.01 7.21 1,432.05 2013 2013 162.41 11.44 10.60 35.20 37.22 88.10 8.16 1.12 0.96 1.95 8.06 0.39 7.39 0.00 1.86 0.00 0.84 0.18 6.28 1,098.47 2014 2014 10.16 94.46 25.04 62.00 6.17 1.59 0.43 0.71 8.50 1.31 0.29 7.58 0.00 1.26 0.02 0.00 1.34 0.08 4.24 1,029.11 2015 2015 11.95 25.05 19.31 23.26 72.43 31.37 43.89 6.61 2.56 0.32 2.77 9.94 3.26 1.79 5.20 2.43 3.72 0.00 6.87 1,464.96 2016 2016 133.05 11.18 11.55 11.98 13.73 15.30 15.37 15.69 16.91 19.03 20.95 21.31 26.31 29.77 32.20 33.17 60.42 38.26 46.98 Table 28: Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromChinaatHS06Level *All valuesinUSDMillion 847490 620462 551521 620342 540834 551512 853720 540793 8474, n.e.s. heading of substances mineral working for machinery of Parts shorts ofcotton(excluding . shorts Womens orgirlstrousers,bibandbraceoveralls, breeches and modacrylic staplefibresbyweight, . modacrylic or predominantly,containing acrylic Wovenfabrics 85% < but shorts, ofcotton(excluding . shorts, Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and artificial filamentbyweight,incl. . artificial 85% < but predominantly, containing yarn of fabrics Woven staple fibresbyweight,mixed . polyester 85% predominantly,< containing but fabrics Woven electric controlorthedistribution . Boards, cabinetsandsimilarcombinationsofapparatusfor synthetic filamentbyweight,incl. . 85% < but predominantly, containing yarn of fabrics Woven Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromChinaatHS06Level 25Imports

2012 11.77 17.79 10.24 0.47 0.00 0.01 8.78 3.23 2013 11.00 15.58 10.18 1.39 0.00 0.08 8.08 4.70 2014 11.12 18.10 2.07 7.60 0.05 0.58 1.07 6.72 2015 15.16 5.42 5.66 7.74 6.22 0.05 5.42 1.74 2016 10.23 10.50 10.66 11.01 11.06 11.07 9.73 9.78 65 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 66 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 29:Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10ExportstoIndiaatHS02 Level exports to Indiaexports at HS-02level accounted for 99%of to total the India. exports were valued at USD 2.3Million was which 88%more than value the in2015,furthermore, top the 10 during last the five years was recorded in2014;USD 2.61 Million. Kyrgyzstan’s to exports India in2016 revenueExport from India has not amounted to much last in the five years,the highest level of exports elsewhere specified “category,although in recent yearsfuelsthecategory mineral has showngrowth. to Indiaexports declined sharply. to India Exports have dominated been by “Commodities the not The highest level of to exports India wasKyrgyz recorded in 2011; USD 18.3 Million. Post-2011, Kyrgyz exhibited growth. Million in2016.Imports have shown adeclining trend during last the five yearswhereas have exports has improved over last the five yearswiththe deficit reducing from USD 29Million in2012 to USD 20 India has not a significant been trading partner of Balance trade,thoughnegativeof Kyrgyzstan. still 5.6 Trade withIndia: *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code exhibited growth. in illion 201. mportshave shown a declining trend during fi last the rodt ode rodt TTL Millions USD in Values *All exportsto ndia at were valued at 2.3 illion which was % more thanvalue the in 2015 furthermore the top 10 during fivelast the years was recorded in 2014; USD 2.61 Million. Kyrgyzstan’s exports India into 2016 xport revenuefrom ndia amountedhas not to much thelast in five yearshighest the level of e elsewherespecified “category, although recent in years the mineral category fuels hasshown growth. exportsto ndia declined sharply. xpo he Figure five lastyears improvedthe over ndiabeen has not a sig Table TOTAL 12 71 16 30 76 20 97 27 99 8 highest level yrgyof exportsto ndia recordedwas in 2011 1.3 illion. ost 29 Trade with India: with Trade 5.6

18 illions 0 20 20 0 : : Balance of Trade with India 0 Kyrgyzstan’s

0 12 1 1 30 20 2 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit and fruit; industrialormedicinal... and fruit; seeds miscellaneous grains, Oil seedsandoleaginousfruits; precious metals,metalsclad... stones, pearls, preciousorsemi-precious Natural orcultured Preparations of meat, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquaticinvertebrates molluscs crustaceans, of or fish of meat, of Preparations Pharmaceutical products Pharmaceutical Aluminium and articles thereof Aluminium andarticles Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts ofplants nutsorotherparts Preparations ofvegetables,fruit, Works of art, collectorspiecesandantiques Works ofart, bituminous substances;mineral... distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description

dible nutsfruit and citrus peelmelons fruit or of and ind fruit seeds grains miscellaneous fruits oleaginous and seeds il precious metals metals clad atural semi pearls cultured preciousor or other invertebrates auatic reparations crustaceans fish of meatof or of molluscs harmaceutical products Aluminium thereof articles and reparations artcollectorsorks of pieces antiues and mineral substances bituminous ineral theirproducts of and distillation mineral fuels oils ommodities elsewhe not esription rodt ll prodts

2012

Top

10 02 level accounted for

2. nificanttrading partner of yrgystan

Exports to India at HS 02 HS at Level Exports to India

ustrial or medicinal medicinal or ustrial of vegetables fruit nutsparts vegetablesfruit other plants of or of Kyrgyzstan’s Top toIndiaatHS02Level 10Exports All products

Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exports to 02Level India atHS

with the with

re specified re 2013 ilateral radendia with Figure 27:BalanceofTradewithIndia

... xports rtsto India havebeen dominated by the “Commodities not

...... deficit

% of thetotal exports to ndia.

reducing from

precious stones stones precious mports 201 ear

.

2012 alancetrade of 2 illion in 2012 to 20

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.03 0.33 alance

2012 ve yearswhereasve have exports 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.33 2013 2015

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.45 0.12

201 though negative still 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.5 0.12 2014

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.35 0.00 2.61 0.00 0.42 1.80 201 21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.2 1.0 2011 yrgy

2015 201 201 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.11 0.15 0.06 1.24 0.00 0.48 0.27 12 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.11 0.15 0.0 0.00 0. 0.2 20.3 xports

201

2016 has 2 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.23 0.5 1.2 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 2.33 0.23 0.54 1.27

Table 30:Kyrgyzstan’sTop25Exportsto IndiaatHS06Level India. Implying that in2016,only twenty-five products were exported to India. The followingtable showsthe top 25 to exports whichequalIndia, wasthe Kyrgyz to to total exports *All valuesinUSDMillion Product Code 910211 910129 903120 903110 903084 902790 902300 902219 901920 901910 901890 860900 630900 300420 121190 300490 711311 160250 760120 200819 970110 271019 999999 40900 81310 TOTAL rs-ace, hte o nt noprtn a stop-watch a incorporating facility, electricallyoperated, with . not or whether Wrist-watches, metal, whetherornotincorporating . Wrist-watches of precious metal or of metal clad with precious Test benchesformotors,generators,pumps,etc. Machines forbalancingmechanicalparts quantities, withrecordingdevice . andapparatusformeasuringorcheckingelectrical Instruments apparatus forphysicalorchemicalanalysis, . and andaccessories of instruments Microtomes; parts demonstrational purposes,e.g.ineducation . for apparatus andmodelsdesigned Instruments, . surgical, dentalorveterinary Apparatus basedontheuseofX-raysfor medical, (otherthan Ozone therapy, oxygen therapy, aerosol therapy, artificial artificial therapy, aerosol respiration orothertherapeutic . therapy, oxygen therapy, Ozone psychological aptitude-testingapparatus Mechano-therapy appliances;massage apparatus; veterinary sciences,n.e.s. veterinary medical, surgicalor and appliancesusedin Instruments Natural honey designed andequippedfor . of fluids, specially Containers, incl. containers for the transport . householdlinenandarticles rugs, Wornaccessories, blanketsandtravelling and clothing clothing Dried apricots . oftransdermal “incl. thoseintheform put upinmeasureddoses antibiotics, Medicaments containing perfumery, in pharmacy or . inpharmacy perfumery, used primarilyin seeds andfruits, ofplants,incl. Plants, parts therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting plated orcladwithother . silver,thereof,of not or whether parts and jewellery of Articles sausages andsimilarproducts, . meat or offal of bovine animals (excluding Prepared or preserved Unwrought aluminiumalloys . (excluding preparedorpreserved Nuts andotherseeds, incl. mixtures,preparedorpreserved anig, .. i pitns wtroor ad atl, and pastels, and drawings executedentirelyby . watercolours paintings, oil e.g. Paintings, minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description All products

Kyrgyzstan’s Top toIndiaatHS06Level 25Exports 2012 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.03 0.33 2013 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.45 0.12 2014 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00 2.61 0.00 0.42 1.80 2015 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.15 0.06 1.24 0.00 0.48 0.27 2016 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.09 2.33 0.23 0.54 1.27 67 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 68 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 31: Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromIndiaatHS02Level anti-biotics clothing and special articles were leading the products at HS-06level. The top 25imports 88% equaled at HS-06levelthe of total importsfrom India. Mixed medicaments, level accounted which for 94%of total the imports from India. by and articles of machinery apparel. The followingtable showsthe top 10importsfrom India at HS-02 2015. Pharmaceutical products have dominated Kyrgyzstan’s imports over last the five years, followed onbill has adeclining been trend and was USD 22.7Million in2016following aslight from decrease bill from India wasimports in2012when reached USD 30Million. For last the five years,the import Kyrgyz imports from India are considerably invalue higher than its to India. exports The highest import *All valuesinUSDMillion *All valuesinUSDMillion Product Code Product Code 300220 843860 380210 611420 300420 300490 TOTAL TOTAL 90 42 33 62 85 38 61 84 30 9 precision, medicalorsurgical... measuring, checking, Optical, photographic,cinematographic, handbags and similar containers; articles ... handbags andsimilarcontainers;articles travelgoods, andharness; saddlery ofleather; Articles preparations cosmeticortoilet perfumery, Essential oilsandresinoids; Coffee, tea,matéandspices Vaccines forhumanmedicine crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles vegetables (excludingcookingand . nutsor for the industrial preparationof fruits, Machinery recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery products forfridges,vehiclesetc., put . Activated carbon(excludingmedicamentsordeodorant Miscellaneous chemicalproducts n.e.s., ofcotton,knittedor . or otherpurposes, forprofessional, sporting Special garments crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles . oftransdermal “incl. thoseintheform put upinmeasureddoses antibiotics, Medicaments containing thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting Product Description products Pharmaceutical Product Description All products All products

Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromIndiaatHS06Level 25Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromIndiaatHS02Level 10Imports 2012 2012 30.28 30.28 11.91 14.88 0.31 0.10 0.65 0.85 1.41 0.31 0.00 5.07 0.00 0.15 0.43 1.00 0.65 0.29 2013 2013 26.01 26.01 14.95 17.43 0.17 0.12 0.29 0.78 0.27 0.38 0.00 1.34 0.00 0.14 0.07 0.86 0.48 0.54 2014 2014 19.23 19.23 11.08 14.12 0.11 0.10 0.14 0.40 0.43 0.33 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.08 0.05 1.17 0.88 0.34 2015 2015 22.86 22.86 14.18 0.44 0.12 0.23 0.80 2.30 0.48 0.00 0.92 0.91 0.96 0.27 1.18 1.35 1.60 9.99 2016 2016 22.66 22.66 10.80 14.42 0.14 0.21 0.27 0.53 0.73 0.61 0.88 0.66 1.00 1.03 1.19 1.71 1.68 1.76 Table 32 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromIndiaatHS06Level *All valuesinUSDMillion 401410 960810 300439 300432 621490 620630 842951 610910 330499 610442 620442 330590 300410 848220 300450 300610 852352 20230 90240 rubber) (excludinghard contraceptives, ofvulcanisedrubber Sheath Ball-point pens hormones butnotantibiotics,putupin . hormones orsteroidsusedas hormones Medicaments containing derivatives or structural analoguesbut . derivatives orstructural their hormones, corticosteroid Medicaments containing of textilematerials(excluding . articles similar and veils mantillas, mufflers, scarves, Shawls, Frozen, bonelessmeatofbovineanimals (excluding knittedorcrocheted . of cotton andshirt-blouses Womens or girls blouses, shirts Self-propelled front-endshovelloaders Self-propelled T-shirts, singletsandothervestsofcotton,knittedorcrocheted T-shirts, of theskin(otherthanmedicaments), . Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare (excluding petticoats) Womens orgirlsdresses of cotton, knittedorcrocheted crocheted andpetticoats) Womensor orgirlsdressesofcotton(excludingknitted preparations for permanent wavingor . preparations forpermanent Preparations for use on thehair(excludingshampoos, . penicillanic acidstructure, Medicaments containing penicillins or derivatives thereof with a Tapered roller bearings, incl.coneandtaperedroller assemblies concentrates andderivativesthereof . incl. natural vitamins, provitamins, Medicaments containing sterile absorbablesurgical . materials, incl. similar sterilesuture Sterile surgicalcatgut, flavoured, inimmediatepackings . not or whether tea, fermented partly and tea fermented Black “smart cards” “smart circuits integrated one ormoreelectronic Cards incorporating

Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromIndiaatHS06Level 25Imports 2012 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 2.31 0.04 0.00 0.19 0.38 0.00 0.02 0.13 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.59 1.00 2013 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.02 0.00 0.13 0.18 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.22 0.10 0.49 0.67 0.60 1.11 2014 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.31 1.35 0.39 0.69 2015 0.08 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.29 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.29 0.16 0.27 0.65 0.77 2016 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.25 0.39 0.45 0.50 0.59 69 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 70 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC most in2016followed by raw hidesand skins worth USD 56,000. to Pakistanexports make up 99.36%of Meat total the exports. and edible meatthe offal was exported machinery.table The below shows Kyrgyzstan’s topto Exports Pakistan at HS-02level. The 10 major over 400%overbasket 2015.The export majorly comprised of meat followed by raw hides and electrical subsequent year have low. been In to Pakistan 2016exports were USD 0.3Million showing agrowth of produce,sudden of increase exports inthe dairy birds’ and eggs honey. Apart from ineach 2013exports Pakistan had never crossed million the dollar mark. The spike inexports during 2013wascaused by a out ruled 2013can as an be exports, abnormal year because, previous inthe Kyrgyz decade, to exports 2014-2015saw grewby2013 exports an 5000%whereas For 81%decline period the inexports. Kyrgyz The erraticpattern of thatto exports the fact bybetween 201 Kyrgyz andcanPakistanbe observed caused apersistent deficit albeit small withthe 2016deficit at USD 2.9 beingMillion the highest. dramatically. Imports from Pakistan however have on increase the been sincepattern 2014.This has deficitthe recorded was in 2013, USD 0.64 Million. However, post-2013to exports Pakistan decreased pattern demonstrated by to Pakistan. exports For five-year the endingthe lowest 2016, period value of Imports ties. trade from Pakistan have following been amore consistent pattern compared to erratic the Kyrgyzstan has had apersistent deficit trade with thePakistan, low level theweak trade signifies of Trade Pakistan between and Kyrgyzstan has not significant been thelast in fiveyears. Although 5.7 *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code

most in2016most followed exportsto aistan mae up .6 theof total exports machinery. 400over over 201. he exportbaset maorly comprised of meat f subseuent year havebeen In low. 2016 exports to aistan were USD 0. Milliongrowth showing a of sudden increase the in exports dairyof produce,birds’ eggs and honey. Apartfrom 2013 exportsin each aistan had nevercrossed the dollarmillion mar. hespie exports in during 201 was causeda by exports, 201 canruled be as out anabnormal year because,in theprevious decade,Kyrgyz exports to exports grewexportsby000 whereasperiod the 2014 he erratiche pattern of Kyrgyz exports to aistan can beobserved by the factthat gr radebetween aistan and Kyrgyzstan has not able caused apersistent dramatically the deficit reco pattern demonstrated by exports to aistan. or the five tradeties. Imports from aistan havebeen followingmore a consistent pattern compared to the erratic Kyrgyzstan hashadpersistent a trade deficit with aistan, the lowl TOTAL 41 2 32 Trade withPakistan:

USD Millions 4 2 1 0 1 2 4 aan ra aan ra t astan Kyrgyzstan’s Kyrgyzstan’s 25 ImportsIndiaTop from HS at 06 Level 5.7 Raw hidesandskins(otherthanfurskins) andleather Meat andediblemeatoffal Product Description All products

he tablebelow . Imports

rded was inowever,rded was 0.64post 201,USD Million. Trade with Pakistan: Pakistan: Trade with 2012 albeit small

2.41

from aistan howeverhave been the on increasesince 2014. by rawhidesand sins worth USD 6,000. Kyrgyzstan’s Top toPakistan 10Exports atHS02Level shows deficitwith the 2016 deficit atUSD 2.

ilateral radeaistanwith Kyrgyzstan’s top Exports to Pakistan HSat Figure 28:BalanceofTradewithPakistan 201 xports

beenthe in significant 201 saw 201 Imports

2014 ear .

Meat andMeat edible year period ending 2016, the lowest value of

a n

2012 1decline exports. in or Kyrgyz

0.05 0.00 0.00 alance 201 exports to aistan decreased evel of the weaeveltradesignifies of Million being the highest. being the Million ollowed by raw hides and electricalbyhides ollowed raw

lastfive years.lthough 2013 201

meat 2.46 0.00 0.00 02 level. he 10 maor offal was exportedwas offal the 2014 between

0.47 0.04 0.00 his patternhis has 2015 201 2016 0.06 0.01 0.00 and and

2.6

201 201 2016 0.31 0.06 0.14 Table 33:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoPakistan atHS02Level 100% of to Pakistan. exports the Meat and edible offal the was highest export item in2016. tableThe below lists Kyrgyzstan’s top to exports Pakistan at HS-06level. The top 25 make products up *All valuesinUSDMillion *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 160250 830249 820713 410120 440710 760120 901420 852691 841430 271019 852859 410622 40900 TOTAL 21099 83 82 44 76 90 84 27 85 Natural honey sausages andsimilarproducts, . . meat or offal of bovine animals (excluding Prepared or preserved locks withkeys,claspsand . (excluding articles similar and fittings mountings, metal Base okdiln o erhbrn tos itrhnebe with interchangeable, tools, ofsinteredmetal . working parts earth-boring or Rock-drilling animals, whetherornotdehaired, . equine or buffalo” “incl. bovine of skins and hides raw Whole whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, Unwrought aluminiumalloys Miscellaneous articles ofbasemetal Miscellaneous articles (excluding compassesandradio . and appliancesforaeronautical orspacenavigation Instruments parts thereofofbasemetal parts Tools, implements, cutlery, spoonsandforks, of basemetal; Radio navigationalaidapparatus Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles Compressors forrefrigeratingequipment Aluminium and articles thereof Aluminium andarticles minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous precision, medicalorsurgical... measuring, checking, Optical, photographic,cinematographic, (excluding withcathoderaytube . apparatus television reception Monitors, notincorporating parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; without woolon,whetherornot . state“crust”, dry the Hides andskinsofgoatsorkids,in bituminous substances;mineral... distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts edible floursandmealsofmeat . Meat and edible offal, salted, in brine, dried or smoked, and Product Description All products recorders andreproducers,television... thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery

Kyrgyzstan’s Top toPakistan 25Exports atHS06Level Kyrgyzstan’s Top toPakistan 10Exports atHS02Level 2012 2012 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 2013 2013 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 2.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 2014 2014 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 2015 2015 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 2016 2016 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.31 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.14 0.05 71 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 72 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 34 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoPakistan atHS06Level make up 88.17%of total the imports. tableThe below represents Kyrgyzstan’s top importsfrom Pakistan at HS-02level. The top 10 imports and nuts. pharmaceutical products for last the five years. importsOther includefurniture, ediblefruits, bedding, Imports showed agrowth of 28%in2016.The importbasket consistentlybeen has dominated by imports fell dramatically to from have seem 2013to 2014,they picked some from pace 2014onwards. Imports from Pakistan over past the five years have the on average USDbeen 2.7 AlthoughMillion. *All valuesinUSDMillion *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 840729 830990 821510 821220 821195 821110 820890 820750 820719 820560 820559 TOTAL 61 62 95 94 30 9 8 propulsion (excludingoutboardmotors) for marine engines, or rotary reciprocating Spark-ignition capsules forbottles,threaded . Stoppers, caps and lids, incl. screw caps and pouring stoppers, may alsocontainuptoanequivalent . which 8215, heading of articles other or forks spoons, of Sets strips Safety razor blades of base metal, incl. razor blade blanks in Coffee, tea,matéandspices knives ofheading8211 Handles of base metal fortable knives, pocketknivesandother crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles which thereisahighernumber . 8211; setsin ofknivesheading articles Sets ofassorted crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles mechanical appliances(excluding . blades, Knives andcutting of base metal, for machines or for Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit earth-boring toolsand . earth-boring Toolsrock-drilling or interchangeable (excluding fordrilling, thereof andaccessories Toys, requisites;parts gamesandsports therefor, . withworkingparts tools, interchangeable,andparts Rock-drilling orearth-boring and similar stuffed furnishings; ... and similarstuffedfurnishings; cushions Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress supports, Blowlamps andthelike(excludinggas-poweredblowlamps) Pharmaceutical products Pharmaceutical Product Description All products Hand tools,incl.glaziersdiamonds,ofbasemetal,n.e.s. Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromPakistan 10Imports atHS02Level

Kyrgyzstan’s Top toPakistan 25Exports atHS06Level 2012 2012 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.66 0.00 2.45 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.40 0.00 2013 2013 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.07 0.00 3.09 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.42 0.00 2014 2014 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.00 2.19 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.30 0.00 2015 2015 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.09 0.00 2.60 0.07 0.00 0.04 0.00 1.61 0.00 2016 2016 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.20 0.00 3.27 0.22 0.00 0.35 0.00 1.53 0.00 Table 35:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromPakistan atHS02Level these make upthese 86.54%of total the imports. Medicaments were most the imported product in2016. tableThe below representsthe top 25 products imported by from Kyrgyzstan Pakistan at HS-06level, *All valuesinUSDMillion *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 200989 420321 620342 940390 100630 880330 620462 392620 621133 940360 950669 940180 940161 950699 300490 TOTAL 90240 80520 39 63 10 uc o fut r eeals ufretd wehr r not or whether unfermented, vegetables, containing addedsugarorothersweetening . or fruit of Juice composition leather of leather or Specially designed gloves for use insport, shorts, ofcotton(excluding. shorts, and breeches overalls, brace and bib trousers, boys’ or Men’s surgical, dental or veterinary . surgical, dentalorveterinary n.e.s. (excludingofseatsandmedical, offurniture, Parts glazed or polished not or whether rice, milled wholly or Semi-milled gliders) ofaeroplanes or helicopters,n.e.s.(excludingthosefor Parts and shorts ofcotton(excluding. and shorts breeches overalls, brace and bib trousers, girls’ or Women’s stitching orstickingtogether. of apparel and clothingaccessories produced by the Articles made fibres(excludingknitted. man- of n.e.s. garments, other and tracksuits boys’ or Men’s and seats) Wooden furniture (excluding for offices, kitchens and bedrooms, Balls (excluding inflatable, tennis balls, golf balls, andtable- tennis balls) balls, golf balls, tennis inflatable, (excluding Balls flavoured, inimmediatepackings. not or whether tea, fermented partly and tea fermented Black Seats, n.e.s. into beds) convertible (excluding frames wooden with seats, Upholstered swimming andpaddlingpools andoutdoorgamesn.e.s; for sport andequipment Articles clementines, wilkings and similar citrus . clementines, wilkingsandsimilarcitrus Freshand satsumas, ordriedmandarinsincl.tangerines Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes,. products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting textile articles; rags worn textile articles; and clothing worn sets; articles; textile made-up Other Product Description All products Cereals Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromPakistan 25Imports atHS06Level Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromPakistan 10Imports atHS02Level

2012 2012 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.00 0.01

2013 2013 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.32 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.14

2014 2014 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.27 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.02 0.25

2015 2015 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 1.49 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.15

2016 2016 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11 3.27 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.2 1.5

73 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 74 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 36:Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromPakistan atHS06Level Table 37:ImportcomparisonwithPakistan countries, sixare common. of Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan. Table 37shows that out of top the ten commodities imported being by both One of aspects. many the several reasons leading to alow level of is similarity the imports trade inthe Despite differences the the in nature thetwo economies,of andKyrgyzstan Pakistan are similar in *All valuesinUSDMillion *All valuesinUSDMillion Product Code 610462 630260 621132 901420 610342 950662 100620 940389 99 87 39 72 61 55 85 64 84 27 and shorts ofcotton,knitted. . and shorts breeches overalls, brace and bib trousers, girls’ or Women’s fabrics ofcotton(excluding. terry similar or towelling terry of linen, kitchen and Toiletlinen (excluding knittedorcrocheted) cotton of n.e.s. garments, other and tracksuits boys’ or Men’s (excluding compassesandradio. and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments shorts ofcotton,knittedor. shorts and breeches overalls, brace and bib trousers, boys’ or Men’s Inflatable balls Husked orbrownrice specified Commodities notelsewhere and accessoriesthereof tramway rollingstock,andparts Vehicles otherthanrailwayor thereof Plastics andarticles Iron andsteel accessories, knittedorcrocheted ofapparelandclothing Articles Man-made staplefibers and reproducers,television... thereof;soundrecorders and parts andequipment Electrical machinery of sucharticles Footwear, gaitersandthelike;parts thereof nuclear reactors,boilers;parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances, bituminous substances;mineral... products oftheirdistillation; Mineral fuels,mineraloilsand Product Description materials (excludingofbamboo,. Furniturecane, osierorsimilar mareials, including of other Kyrgyzstan Top ofKyrgyzstan 10Imports andPakistan 2016atHS02Level Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromPakistan 25Imports atHS06Level

401.745 121.31 122.34 133.58 134.33 151.18 155.37 207.56 258.29 395.36 Value Product Code 27 12 39 72 15 55 85 29 84 7 2012 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 bituminous substances;mineral... products oftheirdistillation; Mineral fuels,mineraloilsand Product Description and tubers roots Edible vegetablesandcertain industrialormedicinal fruit; miscellaneous grains,seedsand Oil seedsandoleaginousfruits; thereof Plastics andarticles Iron andsteel prepared ediblefats;animal oils andtheircleavageproducts; Animal orvegetablefatsand Man-made staplefibers and reproducers,television... thereof;soundrecorders and parts andequipment Electrical machinery Organic chemicals thereof nuclear reactors,boilers;parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances, 2013 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.14 Pakistan 2014 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 2015 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.07 46,998.27 1,047.86 1,938.11 2,756.02 1,928.04 4,431.29 1,944.04 9,528.77 936.07 687.04 Value 2016 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 followed beans by and shelled kidney medium dried oils. for 2016of USD 262Million. not Commodities are elsewherepotential specified the highest category twothe countries. The followingtable showsthe toppotential 10 to exports Pakistan at HS06level The vast disparitythepotential actual between and values indicatesthe untapped potentialtrade between Kyrgyzstan’s current to exports Pakistan of the X Potential Export only USD 0.3Million. potential to exports Pakistan were valued at USD 1.4 Billion however to exports Pakistan actual the were The figure below shows the potentialactual to exports and Pakistan the lastfor 3years. the In2016 5.7.1 Kyrgyzstan’s Potential Trade withPakistan: *All Values inUSDMillions Export Potential ony potentia exports category fo world ofworld X) he figure beo 5.7.1 ode rodt ns n as ee for 201 beteen the to countries.fooing he tabe shostop the potentia10 exportsto Pakistan HS at 0 asthe disparity beteenactua the and potentia gr Product 740400 710812 520100 870410 271019 999999 71333 Code 1012 20100 010 2101 1333

Siion. 0.3

S iions

1000 100 2000 Kyrgyzstan’s 00 ta an tnta tnta ta an rts t astan

0 unrought, for non for unrought, p god inc. od, combed nor carded neither otton, umpers off for biodiese, containing petroeum not bituminous mineras, or edium an ois ugaris, not spit skinned or or hether Phaseous beans kidney sheed ried, specified esehere not ommodities esription rodt of remelted . ingots or other similar unwrought shapes, Waste andscrap,ofcopper(excluding (excluding gold . purposes platinum, non-monetary with for plated unwrought, gold incl. Gold, Cotton, neithercardednorcombed Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway containing biodiesel, . minerals,not petroleum orbituminous Medium oils and preparations,of vulgaris”, whetherornotskinnedsplit Dried, shelledkidneybeans“Phaseolus Commodities notelsewherespecified oeddried by sheed kidney beans and medium ois. –

of of Kyrgyzstan Min = (Kyrgyzstan’s to exports the world of X, Pakistan’s imports from the world of X) –

S 22 ommoditiesiion. notesehere specified are the highest potentia shos to Pakistan ere aued at Product Description

=

0. Min ( Min Potential Trade with Pakistan d preparations, d of ated ith patinum, patinum, ith ated highay use highay the potentia and actua exports 201 ’s

monetary purposes Kyrgyzstan’s Potential toPakistan Exports atHS06Level Actua and PotentiaandActua Pakistan toExports

Kyrgyzst .

13.2

. Kyrgyzstan’s Potential Pakistan Exports to atHS 06Level

current exports to .

Figure 29: Actual andPotentialExportstoPakistan

an

’s ’s Export aue Export

exports to the world of X,

S 1. iion hoeer the actuahoeer 1.toS Pakistanthe iionexports Pakistan, 2016 Kyrgyzstan’s exports to exports 201 aistan exports to Kyrgyzstan’s Pakistan 0.0

auesindicates untapped the potentia trade Potentia ExportsPotentia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 201 ear 0.03 to :

11.1

0 0 0 0 0

of theX

Pakistan forast the years.3 n 201 the

imports from imports world, 2016 orld 201 iports ro Pakistan’s Pakistan’s

3,532.11

3 580.54 , Pakista 0. 32.11 11.72 44.83 62.14 82.21 .3 2.1 2.21 18.4 1.

Kyrgyzstan’s

n’s n’s orld 201 exports to Kyrgyzst world, 2016 exports to exports 0.31 imports from the 701.58 an’s

01. 201 10.61 19.08 33.74 36.01 54.48 68.09 1.0 33. 3.01 . .0

122.1

potential trade, trade 201 potential Indiative Indicative

2016 ere 1.0 33. 3. . .0 1. 10.61 18.40 19.08 33.74 35.98 54.48 68.09

75 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 76 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 38:Kyrgyzstan’sPotentialExportstoPakistan atHS06Level Kyrgyzstan’s current imports from Pakistan of X Potential Import Million. potential import value was USD 3.8Billion, however, imports actual the from Pakistan USD equaled 3.0 The figure below shows the potentialactual and fromimports Pakistan the lastfor 3years. the In2016 telephones. The product mixwas dominated by medium oils and preparations, followed by medicaments and mobile The value of toppotential 10 importsfrom Pakistan USDequaled Level 285 at HS06 Million in2016. teephones. dominated as productmix by auehe topof potentia10 importsfrom Pakistan at HS 0 ee euaed S 2 iion 201. in he gr he figure beo able Import Potential iion. potentia import aue as 3.S iion, hoeer, theactua importsfrom Pakistan euaed S world ofworld X) *All Values inUSDMillions 32330 0 020 000 Product 392330 870899 880240 Code 38

S iions 2000 000 000 000 ta an tnta rts r astan

Kyrgyzstan’s Potential Exports to Pakistan at HS 06 LevelHS 06 at Pakistanto PotentialExports Kyrgyzstan’s 0 of thefor coneyancepackaging goods, or of arboys, bottes, fas persons, moreehices or ten the transport of for Parts andtractors, motor accessories,for heicopters excuding anan unaden of kg eight 1000 po other and Aeropanes remetedof ingots other shapes, or simiarunrought aste copper andexcuding of scrap, god excuding

. –

Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar of goods, . and for theconveyance or flasks packaging articles bottles, Carboys, persons, . or more often vehicles forthetransport andaccessories, fortractors,motor Parts (excluding helicopters . kg 15000 > weight unladen an of aircraft an of powered other and Aeroplanes .

. Kyrgy

shos .

.

= Min (Kyrgyzstan’s imports from the world of X,Pakistan’s to exports the world of X)–

= .

Product Description .

zstan

. 2.1 Min ( Min

.

.

. the potentia and actua importsfrom Pakistan f

.

201 ’s ’s Actua andPotentia mports from Pakistan Kyrgyzstan’s ks and simiar articessimiar andks

. 32.2 Kyrgyzstan’s Potential toPakistan Exports atHS06Level

current imports from .

. ered of aircraft

medium ois and preparations, fooed by medicamentsand mobie Figure 30: Actual andPotentialImportsfromPakistan

mport aue imports from

Pakistan, 2016 Kyrgyzstan’s exports to exports Pakistan 2.0

Potentia mports Potentia the world of X worldthe of 201 ear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0

0.

of of imports from imports world, 2016 X Pakistan’s

. 11.2 , . .32 75.45 or theor ast3 years. n 201 the Pakistan’s 6.65 8.32

Kyrgyzstan’s world, 2016 exports to exports

3.2 exports 2.3 10.1 . .3 42.73 201 6.85 7.53

31.20

to to potential trade, the the Indicative

2016 3.0 3.0 10.1 . .3 .32 6.65 7.53 8.32

Table 39 : Kyrgyzstan’sPotentialImportsfromPakistan atHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions Product 640590 620342 170199 170490 611596 610342 721049 851712 300490 271019 Code plastics, leather . rubber, than other uppers with or plastics, rubber of soles outer with Footwear (excluding . ofcotton overalls, breeches andshorts, Mens orboystrousers,bibandbrace and beetsugar . (excludingcane sucrose, insolidform Cane orbeetsugarandchemically pure chewing gum) (excluding chocolate white incl. cocoa, notcontaining Sugar confectionery without applied . footwear incl. hosiery, other and socks Full-length orknee-lengthstockings, knitted or . ofcotton, overalls, breeches andshorts Mens orboystrousers,bibandbrace te, f wdh f = 0 m, hot- mm, rolled orcold-rolled . 600 >= of width a of steel, or non-alloy Flat-rolled productsofiron telephones” or for other wireless networks “mobile networks cellular for Telephones prophylactic purposes, . unmixed productsfortherapeuticor Medicaments consisting of mixed or containing biodiesel, . petroleum orbituminousminerals,not Medium oilsandpreparations,of Product Description Kyrgyzstan’s Potential fromPakistan Imports atHS06Level Pakistan, 2016 Imports from Imports Kyrgyzstan 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.00 World, 2016 Exports to Exports Pakistan 543.87 123.08 11.62 38.95 30.63 50.50 27.38 31.36 73.32 76.86 Imports from Imports World, 2016 Kyrgyzstan 198.79 17.21 12.99 14.00 14.52 15.44 18.12 21.18 29.12 89.85 Indicative Trade Potential, 2016 11.62 12.95 14.00 14.52 15.44 18.09 21.18 29.12 71.82 76.86 77 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 78 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 40shows absolute the and relative values of and exports imports with members of CIS for 2016. humanitarian, cultural and other fields amongthe SovietformerRepublics. and Uzbekistan. CISwas formed to promote cooperation inpolitical, economic, environmental, Kazakhstan,, Kyrgyzstan, , Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, formed 1991.The CIS is a inDecember consistingbody regional Azerbaijan,of Belarus,, Kyrgyzstan was afounder member of Commonwealth the of Independent States was (CIS)which Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS): forums for economic and purposes. political Afterthe dissolution Soviet the of Unionthe in 1991, Sovietformer republics formed joinedor various 5.8 Trade Alliances: Table 40 TradeValues andPercentage withCISMembers: (CIS) Aggregation Commonwealth ofIndependentStates *All Values inUSDMillions Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Moldova, Republic of Russian Federation Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan the argesthe component commodities is, not esehere specified, making up 1 oftota the exports to able able oe Prot L Millions USD in Values *All Kyrgyzstan’s Kyrgyz gr contribute the ast fieyears, from being 2012 0 in to 3in 201. AmongstS, the ussia, and Kazakhstan CIS followed by vehicles otherthan railway… and appare. of articles

41

S iions 10000 stan rade ith S as otaof rade 2000 000 000 000 0 0 0 2 1 2 Kyrgyzstan’s Kyrgyzstan’s 10 ExportsTop to C Kyrgyzstan ra t as ta ra

0 maory to the aggregate. he fooing tabe shosthe top 10 exports to the S HS at

Edibe egetabes and certain roots and tubers and roots certain and egetabes Edibe thereof parts boiers achinery, nucear appiances, mechanica reactors, Edibe nutsfruit and citrus peemeons fruit or of teeision reproducers, and recorders sound Eectrica machinerythereof parts and euipment and anima origin, esehere not airy producenaturabirds honey eggs edibe products of res, sag ash and crocheted Artices apparecothingknitted accessories, and of or crocheted Artices knitted apparecothingnot accessories, and of or thereof accessories and parts ehices roing tramay raiay and than or stock, other specified esehere not ommodities esription Prot ll prots aggregate trade ith 2012

iatera trade ith S as ith ord trade iatera S of as ota S iaterarade ith

Kyrgyzstan radeota of as S ith rade

Figure 31:Kyrgyzstan TradewithCISas%ofTotal Trade

Imports and Exports withCISMembers-2016 andExports Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top 10Exports to CIS atHS 02Level the 2013 at 02 eel

.

. Exports

S aspercentage a tota of tradehas shon a decineof 11 oer .

456.41 151.15 145.21 125.07 21.84

0.01 0.71 0.90 2.51 0.15 5.70 3.17

.

.

. Relative %sharein Relative 201 ear

Exports to CIS Exports

ota iatera rade ota ord iaterarade ith 33.118% 31.816% 27.404% 0.002% 0.155% 0.197% 0.550% 0.032% 4.785% 1.248% 0.694% 100%

0 11. 11.0 .3 . 23.1 . 2.00 2. 2.22 0. 2 201 .01

Imports . 0 0.1 31. 1. 31.3 1.3 1. 22.1 1. .3 2.10

1,603.86

635.55 799.82 35.17 39.78 69.77

22.21 . 1.03 6.56 3.86 1.54 6.43 4.36 201 0 2.1 1.2 23.03 31.23 23.30 3.0 2. 1. 0.1

Relative %sharein Relative

Imports from CIS Imports

12.02 3.11 0 1.0 1.0 3.1 1. 1.2 30. .21 .1 . 0 10 20 30 0 0 0

02. 02. 39.626% 49.868%

.1 0.064% 0.409% 2.193% 0.241% 0.096% 0.401% 0.272% 2.481% 4.350% 06 1. 1.10 20.12 21.0 22. 2.2 33. 3. . . iatera trade ith S as of ota rade 100%

Table 41 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoCISatHS02Level contribute 60%of to total the CIS. the exports The followingtable showsthe breakup to CIS of exports at HS-06level. The top 25exportslevel atHS06 CISfollowedthe by vehicles other than railway… and articlesof apparel. Thelargest component is, commodities notmaking elsewhere specified, up14% the of to exports total contribute majorly to aggregate. the The followingtable showsthe top the CIS to 10exports at HS-02. lastthe five fromyears, being 50%in2012 to 39%in2016. Amongstthe CIS, Russia, and Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan’s aggregate with CISas the apercentage trade of total has trade shown adecline of 11%over Kyrgyzstan Trade withCISas%ofTotal Trade *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 700529 620640 261690 870410 999999 TOTAL TOTAL 71333 84 85 26 61 62 87 99 7 8 4 Edible vegetables and certain rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit ormelons fruit andnuts;peelofcitrus Edible fruit recorders andreproducers,television . thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, animal origin,notelsewhere . of birds eggs;naturalhoney;edibleproducts produce; Dairy but not otherwise worked(excluding . but nototherwise ground andpolishedglass, in sheets, Float glass and surface Ores, slagandash made fibres(excludingknittedor . ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles and concentrates) Precious-metal oresandconcentrates(excludingsilver ores crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description All products All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top toCISatHS06Level 25Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toCISatHS02Level 10Exports 2012 2012 884.35 884.35 114.87 116.90 46.67 23.91 47.98 28.00 24.57 15.94 25.22 22.03 40.98 25.22 42.01 42.01 8.53 0.84 2013 2013 779.98 779.98 40.61 31.84 41.47 31.36 15.83 28.43 17.45 15.38 22.15 17.45 81.87 74.53 28.10 28.10 6.32 7.41 2014 2014 896.48 896.48 282.21 282.21 29.61 16.24 23.03 31.23 23.30 25.26 38.40 26.49 38.15 71.97 60.61 6.30 9.95 1.49 2015 2015 538.11 538.11 129.02 129.02 16.04 18.07 34.51 17.79 10.75 18.72 18.45 30.68 49.21 17.78 6.18 6.13 2.67 9.58 2016 2016 456.41 456.41 17.58 18.10 20.12 21.60 22.46 13.06 14.85 25.42 16.66 33.78 25.39 34.66 47.57 33.74 65.81 65.77 79 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 80 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 42 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoCISatHS06Level imports from CIS. the 1.6 Billion in2016.Mineral fuels and oils mineral are largest the component making up 24%of total the Imports from CISdeclined by the more 2015and than 26%between 2016and were recorded at USD *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 690210 390410 870899 610831 610520 252329 850153 270119 610620 851629 271019 610343 520100 392330 853922 901420 40690 TOTAL 40510 81330 27 constructional goodscontaining, . constructional ceramic bricks,blocks, tiles andsimilarrefractory Refractory substances Poly”vinyl chloride”, in forms, primary not mixed with any other transport oftenormorepersons, . transport andaccessories,fortractors,motorvehiclesthe Parts hee ecuig rs ces, nl we ces, curd, cheese, whey processed cheese,blue-veinedcheese . incl. cheese, fresh (excluding Cheese . crocheted (excludingT-shirts, Womens or girls nightdresses and pyjamas of cotton, knitted or . T-shirts, (excluding nightshirts, crocheted or knitted fibres, man-made of shirts boys or Mens Portland cement (excluding white, whether or not artificially artificially coloured) not or whether white, (excluding cement Portland AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, made fibres,knittedorcrocheted . ofman- andshirt-blouses Womens orgirlsblouses,shirts storage heatingradiators) Electric space-heatingandsoil-heatingapparatus (excluding minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous shorts ofsyntheticfibres,knitted . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and Cotton, neithercardednorcombed or packagingofgoods, . for the conveyance Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles V (excludingtungstenhalogenfilament . Filament lamps of a power <= 200 W and for a voltage > 100 Butter (excludingdehydratedbutterandghee) (excluding compassesandradio . and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments bituminous substances;mineral . . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products Dried apples Kyrgyzstan’s Top from CISatHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toCISatHS06Level 25Exports 2,685.94 1,149.30 2012 2012 12.19 53.22 28.26 19.50 0.00 0.00 3.05 1.06 0.07 0.00 0.00 2.68 4.17 0.02 0.02 5.17 3.53 0.00 0.14 2,944.41 1,260.88 2013 2013 17.12 66.99 12.79 21.17 0.00 6.74 2.64 0.95 0.14 0.00 0.01 4.74 1.38 1.71 0.00 9.49 3.17 0.00 0.13 2,907.88 1,144.72 2014 2014 12.86 52.47 15.34 17.72 0.00 1.54 3.17 0.72 0.16 0.00 0.00 6.55 2.35 3.90 0.01 6.50 2.47 0.00 0.12 2,179.49 2015 2015 760.13 24.61 14.29 0.00 1.62 3.63 1.56 0.07 0.01 1.71 7.59 5.35 1.54 3.04 0.00 8.74 4.35 1.84 0.00 0.05 1,603.86 2016 2016 387.66 12.92 3.65 3.73 3.77 3.77 3.87 3.91 3.97 4.24 4.33 4.38 4.38 4.47 4.84 6.83 6.85 7.58 7.58 8.31 Table 43:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromCISatHS02Level at HS06level make up 55%of total the imports from CIS. The followingtable showsthe breakup of importsfrom CIS at HS06level. The top 25 fromimports CIS *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 721049 721420 392111 240220 330499 100199 180690 330510 151219 271121 440710 999999 271012 271019 TOTAL 18 19 15 73 39 33 44 72 99 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= . groves orotherdeformations Bars and rods, of iron or non-alloy steel, with indentations, ribs, Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of cellular polymers of polymers ofcellular strip, . styrene, unworkedormerelysurface-worked and foil film, sheets, Plates, Cigarettes, containingtobacco of theskin(otherthanmedicaments), . Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare Wheat and meslin (excluding seed for sowing, and durum durum and sowing, for wheat) seed (excluding meslin and Wheat Cocoa andcocoapreparations containers orimmediatepackingsof<= . cocoa, in Chocolate andotherpreparationscontaining Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; pastrycooks or milk; products starch flour, cereals, of Preparations Shampoos prepared ediblefats;animal . cleavage Animal orvegetablefatsandoilstheirproducts; not refined,butchemically . or whether fractions, their and oil safflower or Sunflower-seed Articles ofironorsteel Articles Natural gasingaseousstate Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, preparations cosmeticortoilet perfumery, Essential oilsandresinoids; Commodities notelsewherespecified Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles which >=90%byvolume“incl. . minerals oils andpreparations,ofpetroleumorbituminous Light Iron andsteel minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Product Description All products Commodities notelsewherespecified Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromCISatHS06Level 25Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromCISatHS02Level 10Imports 2,685.94 2012 2012 103.29 107.61 480.04 29.34 47.52 77.95 39.65 49.43 69.42 40.71 45.92 78.23 28.30 61.73 18.17 30.64 30.64 7.69 1.43 5.00 0.00 4.60 0.00 2,944.41 2013 2013 116.98 151.43 565.93 13.66 30.84 60.58 64.18 42.88 56.88 76.14 48.65 54.38 64.16 32.05 74.62 22.73 19.39 19.39 2.20 5.09 0.00 6.49 0.00 2,907.88 2014 2014 124.36 144.55 544.71 15.26 32.03 73.79 58.71 45.97 64.32 69.68 44.83 51.58 50.50 37.76 73.36 29.35 40.80 40.80 2.76 6.50 0.00 8.05 0.00 2,179.49 2015 2015 112.21 281.28 245.84 344.18 111.90 92.15 17.71 40.64 59.57 42.10 33.33 42.39 61.36 39.42 38.20 40.25 33.12 22.56 19.20 57.97 2.04 5.44 4.39 1,603.86 2016 2016 119.29 129.94 102.09 185.02 119.29 18.20 19.20 19.58 20.34 20.87 23.55 40.00 23.82 46.01 27.87 48.04 31.21 49.04 40.29 58.65 58.27 68.21 97.82 81 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 82 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 44 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromCISatHS06Level OIC in2016. Table 45shows absolute the and relative values of and exports imports of Kyrgyzstan with members of achieved much interms of fostering economic growth. spirit of promoting international and harmony. peace Despite economic the potential, OIC has not countries. The OIC aims to promote,safeguard and protectthe interests the of Muslim worldthe in In 1992Kyrgyzstan joined Organization the of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). The OIC has 57-member Organization ofIslamicCooperation(OIC): *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Afghanistan Organization oftheIslamicCooperation(OIC)Aggregation Chad Cameroon Benin Bangladesh Azerbaijan Albania 210111 170199 170112 170490 441011 340220 270119 300490 870410 190110 722820 Extracts, essencesandconcentrates,ofcoffee (excluding caneandbeetsugar . Cane orbeetsugarandchemically pure sucrose,insolidform Raw beetsugar(excludingaddedflavouringorcolouring) (excluding chewinggum) Sugar confectionery not containing cocoa, incl. white chocolate atce or o wo, hte o nt glmrtd with agglomerated not or resins orotherorganicbindingsubstances . whether wood, of board Particle Surface-active preparations, washing preparations, auxiliary washing preparationsandcleaning . auxiliary preparations, washing preparations, Surface-active anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway groats, meal,starchor . flour,of sale, retail for up put use, infant for preparations Food finished products,flat-rolledproducts . Bars and rods of silico-manganese steel (excluding semi-

Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromCISatHS06Level 25Imports Imports and Exports withOICMembers–2016 and Exports Imports Exports 2012 453.82 54.47 15.97 19.54 16.11 36.84 21.80 12.15 8.19 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.71 0.00 5.02 0.05 0.02 6.18 % sharein Exports to Exports 2013 Relative Relative 53.16 19.80 17.09 18.50 49.36 23.75 13.18 10.04 OIC 3.55 0.00 5.33 1.81% 0.05% 0.00% 0.00% 0.02% 0.00% 0.16% 0.00% 100% 2014 34.51 19.68 23.59 19.68 43.97 32.51 19.81 3.73 0.00 9.76 9.31 Imports 941.39 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 0.00 6.56 0.00 2015 35.90 13.16 14.01 14.83 36.34 21.34 12.22 10.64 2.49 0.00 7.26 in Imports in Imports from OIC % share Relative Relative 2016 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.14% 0.00% 0.70% 0.00% 100% 10.63 11.76 11.88 12.36 12.42 12.60 13.96 14.96 15.41 15.62 16.08 Table 45:ImportsandExportswithOICMembers–2016 Uzbekistan United ArabEmirates Uganda Turkmenistan Turkey Tunisia Tajikistan Syrian ArabRepublic Somalia Pakistan Nigeria Niger Mozambique Morocco Malaysia Libya, Stateof Kazakhstan Iraq Iran, IslamicRepublic of Indonesia Guyana Guinea-Bissau *All Values inUSDMillions Egypt

Imports and Exports withOICMembers–2016 andExports Imports Exports 125.07 151.15 36.42 89.98 21.84 0.00 5.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.02 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.55 3.49 8.15 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 % sharein Exports to Exports Relative Relative OIC 27.56% 19.83% 33.31% 8.03% 0.00% 1.26% 0.00% 4.81% 0.00% 0.00% 0.14% 0.01% 0.07% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.01% 0.00% 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0.01% 0.12% 0.77% 1.80% 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Imports 190.78 635.55 69.77 3.77 0.00 4.36 0.03 6.43 0.04 0.00 0.35 0.00 3.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 4.04 0.00 0.04 0.09 0.29 0.00 6.59 4.53 0.00 0.00 3.21 in Imports in Imports from OIC % share Relative Relative 20.27% 67.51% 7.41% 0.40% 0.00% 0.46% 0.00% 0.68% 0.00% 0.00% 0.04% 0.00% 0.35% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.03% 0.43% 0.00% 0.00% 0.01% 0.03% 0.00% 0.70% 0.48% 0.00% 0.00% 0.34% 83 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 84 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC of Kyrgyzstan. members has not shown any significant fluctuation when compared thewith overall international trade Trade pattern for OIC the countries follows asimilar trend with world. as the trade Trade with OIC Kyrgyzstof ebers hasnotshown any radeattern for theIC contriesfollows siilar a trendtrade as with the world radewith IC gr able zestan nte ra Erates gana Trenstan Trey Tnsa Tastan Syran ra epl Soala raa Sa 45

S illions

mport and port withC embermport and Kyrg

an

yzstan’s

tra t tta as tra ilateral trade with trade asilateral IC orld of otal IC ilateralrade with Kyrgyzstans trade with ICas of total trade Figure 32:Kyrgyzstan’stradewithOICas%oftotal significant

flctation –

2016

120 2 21 000 0 000 000 000 0 ears

when coared with the overall internationalwhencoaredoverall the with trade

otal ilateral rade otal orld ilateralrade with 2 1 0 000 12 000 1 000 000 01

10 000 00 00 000 0

202 1 00 000 0 000 0 000 000 00

ilateral trade with IC as of otal rade

Table 46 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoOICatHS02Level pearls and precious along metals, with adrop of inexports commodities not elsewhere specified. inexport Thisrevenue drastic fall canbe attributed valuethe export in the fall of to natural culturedor However, from 2014 to declined sharply 2016, exports and were recorded at USD 453.8 Million in 2016. theThe highestto exports OIC were recorded whenthe exports in2014, reached Billion-dollar mark. have exhibited growth ahigh rate last inthe two years of 23%and 20%respectively. under heading this are dominated by aero-plane and parts dumpers for off-highwayboth whichuse, of The top to 25exports OIC at HS06level represent 64% the of to total exports OIC at HS06level.Exports *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 700529 999999 271019 261690 710812 870410 880240 TOTAL TOTAL 71333 72 70 61 99 26 71 27 88 87 7 Iron andsteel Glass andglassware but not otherwise worked(excluding . but nototherwise ground andpolishedglass, in sheets, Float glass and surface crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles Commodities notelsewherespecified Commodities notelsewherespecified minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Ores, slagandash and concentrates) Precious-metal oresandconcentrates(excludingsilver ores precious metals,metalsclad . stones, pearls, preciousorsemi-precious Natural orcultured od ic. od ltd ih ltnm uwogt fr non- for unwrought, platinum, purposes(excludinggold . monetary with plated gold incl. Gold, rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, bituminous substances;mineral . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway thereof andparts spacecraft, Aircraft, eolns n ohr oee arrf o a o a unladen an of an weight >15000kg(excludinghelicopters . of aircraft powered other and Aeroplanes Product Description and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Product Description All products All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top toOICatHS06Level 25Exports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toOICatHS02Level 10Exports 2012 2012 751.13 751.13 114.88 100.53 31.21 17.45 37.45 37.45 35.31 25.22 25.22 64.42 26.82 12.86 8.58 6.72 2.65 0.00 0.85 6.63 2013 2013 210.10 939.14 939.14 207.05 34.73 18.43 15.62 20.33 28.35 28.35 42.60 17.45 17.45 85.09 50.66 81.73 55.23 7.41 2.17 1.54 1039.46 1039.46 2014 2014 281.72 281.72 134.46 130.88 19.14 25.38 23.10 24.83 40.26 38.39 38.15 67.89 43.30 69.26 41.05 1.55 4.41 3.59 2015 2015 571.71 571.71 14.09 10.75 49.42 49.42 23.70 18.71 87.14 18.45 86.04 34.42 23.43 44.87 17.78 37.38 34.03 34.93 9.10 8.17 2016 2016 453.82 453.82 15.89 15.92 14.58 16.30 25.04 25.01 25.21 25.44 27.76 25.39 26.30 36.58 31.44 37.19 33.74 41.34 46.70 40.41 85 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 86 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 47 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ExportstoOICatHS06Level elsewhere specified andelsewhere essential specified oils. Top 10imports at HS02level represent 55% the of total imports. Billion. Imports from OIC at HS02level comprise of and fuel mineral oil followed by commodities not have hovered around a billion dollars, with highest the import bill recordedbeing in 2014 at USD 1.35 Imports from OIC have shown less volatility compared For to exports. past the four years imports *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 640320 720890 620433 620312 610831 690210 390410 851629 870899 252329 850153 270119 392330 901420 520100 40120 TOTAL 81330 99 27 of leatherstrapsacrossthe . leather,of soles consist outer Footwearwhich with uppers and hot-rolled and further worked, . hot-rolled andfurther mm, 600 >= width a of steel, or iron of products Flat-rolled not concentratednorcontaining . Milk and cream of a fat content by weight of > 1% but <= 6%, oes r il jces n baes f ytei fibres synthetic of blazers and (excluding knittedorcrocheted, . jackets girls or Womens Mens or boys suits of synthetic fibres (excluding knitted or knitted (excluding crocheted, tracksuits,skisuits . fibres synthetic of suits boys or Mens . crocheted (excludingT-shirts, Womens or girls nightdresses and pyjamas of cotton, knitted or constructional goodscontaining, . constructional ceramic bricks,blocks, tiles andsimilarrefractory Refractory substances Poly”vinyl chloride”, in forms, primary not mixed with any other storage heatingradiators) Electric space-heatingandsoil-heatingapparatus (excluding transport oftenormorepersons, . transport andaccessories,for tractors,motorvehiclesforthe Parts Portland cement (excluding white, whether or not artificially artificially coloured) not or whether white, (excluding cement Portland AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, or packagingofgoods, . for the conveyance Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles Dried apples Commodities notelsewherespecified (excluding compassesandradio . and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments bituminous substances;mineral . . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products Cotton, neithercardednorcombed Kyrgyzstan’s Top from OIC atHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top toOICatHS06Level 25Exports 2012 2012 814.99 139.88 10.49 12.19 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 1.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 3.29 0.00 2.68 5.18 0.27 0.00 5.16 2013 2013 922.16 127.57 17.12 19.05 0.00 0.00 6.34 2.58 2.90 0.14 0.00 6.74 1.68 2.96 0.00 4.74 9.49 0.47 0.00 6.25 1353.32 2014 2014 178.61 11.41 12.86 36.97 0.00 0.04 3.85 2.43 0.16 0.00 1.54 3.90 3.41 0.00 6.55 6.50 0.24 0.01 7.45 2015 2015 950.99 201.28 58.13 0.00 0.98 7.42 2.04 1.36 0.07 0.00 1.62 2.97 3.83 1.71 5.56 5.35 4.35 0.47 0.08 5.98 2016 2016 941.39 121.15 75.33 11.89 3.21 3.30 3.46 3.48 3.59 3.64 3.65 3.73 3.76 3.94 3.97 4.24 4.33 6.85 7.38 8.31 Table 48:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromOICatHS02Level not elsewhere specified, followed by medium oils and shampoos arethe leading productsthiscategory. in The top 25 importsfrom OIC at HS 06 level represent 48% the of total importsfrom CommoditiesOIC. *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 300490 961900 600410 270119 190110 240220 330499 392111 271121 100199 440710 330510 271019 999999 TOTAL 85 72 84 10 44 39 61 33 therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedor unmixed Medicaments consisting . for babies,andsimilararticles, towels (pads) and Sanitary tampons, napkins and napkin liners >= 5%byweightelastomeric . Knitted or crocheted fabrics, of a width of > 30 cm, containing anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, groats, meal,starchor . flour,of sale, retail for up put use, infant for preparations Food Cigarettes, containingtobacco of theskin(otherthanmedicaments), . Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of cellular polymers of polymers ofcellular strip, . styrene, unworkedormerelysurface-worked and foil film, sheets, Plates, recorders andreproducers,television . thereof;sound and parts andequipment Electrical machinery Natural gasingaseousstate Iron andsteel Wheat and meslin (excluding seed for sowing, and durum durum and sowing, for wheat) seed (excluding meslin and Wheat parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, Cereals Shampoos Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles All products preparations cosmeticortoilet perfumery, Essential oilsandresinoids; Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromOICatHS02Level 10Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromOICatHS06Level 25Imports 2012 2012 814.99 17.11 36.84 38.34 31.85 78.23 28.55 24.33 95.67 11.65 31.37 30.00 19.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35 0.72 0.00 0.06 0.81 2.24 5.74 2013 2013 922.16 17.15 49.36 46.42 37.21 64.16 43.57 18.16 88.22 37.85 19.05 19.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.36 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.79 2.45 7.19 5.69 1353.32 2014 2014 105.82 35.43 43.97 51.96 74.65 43.09 48.02 51.56 78.01 47.98 36.97 19.04 20.03 0.00 0.49 5.07 3.09 1.73 0.00 0.05 3.54 2.60 2015 2015 112.30 950.99 16.50 12.05 36.34 28.39 16.87 35.00 59.57 23.72 65.37 85.88 29.23 58.46 19.52 10.39 1.21 2.02 3.06 1.25 0.00 2.13 2.27 2016 2016 941.39 12.31 12.73 13.32 13.96 14.58 17.90 18.34 18.76 26.43 19.84 30.76 23.55 31.00 24.03 32.43 26.30 43.24 72.71 47.03 75.33 48.10 58.35 87 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 88 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 49: Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromOICatHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions 610342 100119 570242 170490 340220 611420 441011 870324 310230 210111 721049 shorts ofcotton,knittedor . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and Durum wheat(excluding seedforsowing) Durum Carpets and other floor coverings, of man-made textile of man-made coverings, floor orflocked, . materials, woven,nottufted other and Carpets (excluding chewinggum) Sugar confectionery not containing cocoa, incl. white chocolate Surface-active preparations, washing preparations, auxiliary washing preparationsandcleaning . auxiliary preparations, washing preparations, Surface-active n.e.s., ofcotton,knittedor . or otherpurposes, forprofessional, sporting Special garments atce or o wo, hte o nt glmrtd with agglomerated not or resins orotherorganicbindingsubstances . whether wood, of board Particle the transport of persons,incl. . the transport Motor carsandothermotorvehiclesprincipallydesignedfor moim irt, hte o nt n qeu solution aqueous in not or . (excluding thatinpelletorsimilarforms, whether nitrate, Ammonium Extracts, essencesandconcentrates,ofcoffee 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromOICatHS06Level 25Imports 2012 20.75 0.00 0.07 0.00 4.65 5.72 1.35 0.98 0.16 0.12 0.04 4.94 2013 23.65 0.00 0.02 0.00 5.91 6.09 1.28 0.83 0.09 0.05 0.01 9.50 2014 36.01 30.90 11.61 0.00 0.21 0.00 7.16 6.84 9.58 0.72 0.07 2.93 2015 16.88 84.51 0.00 0.31 1.44 6.28 4.19 5.00 0.62 0.19 3.98 1.12 2016 11.11 0.00 6.01 6.17 6.82 6.86 6.92 7.65 7.66 8.62 9.00 9.28 Table 50: ImportsandExportswithECOMembers–2016 Table 50shows absolute the and relative values of and exports imports with members of for ECO 2016. some ECO importantthe ones are: a platform to ways discuss to promote and trade investment opportunities. Among other objectives of organization which was founded in 1985in Tehran by leaders of Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey. the It provides The EconomicCooperation Organization or ECO is a Eurasian political economic intergovernmentaland Economic CooperationOrganization(ECO): Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Turkey Tajikistan Pakistan Kazakhstan Iran, IslamicRepublic of Azerbaijan Afghanistan Economic CooperationOrganization(ECO)Aggregation *All Values inUSDMillions • • • • • finished products the of Member States. Joint efforts freerto gain access to markets outside the ECO region forthe raw materials and to extent the possible. ofLinking national economic, development plans with immediate ECOs and long-term objectives Economic liberalization and privatization. Progressive removal of and barriers trade promotion of intra- regional trade Sustainable economic development of Member States.

Imports and Exports withECOMembers–2016 and Exports Imports Exports 125.07 151.15 411.10 89.98 21.84 5.70 0.31 8.15 0.71 8.19 % sharein Exports to Exports Relative Relative ECO 30.4% 21.9% 36.8% 100% 1.4% 5.3% 0.1% 2.0% 0.2% 2.0% Imports 190.78 635.55 923.39 69.77 4.36 6.43 3.27 6.59 6.56 0.09 in Imports in Imports from ECO % share Relative Relative 20.7% 68.8% 100% 7.6% 0.5% 0.7% 0.4% 0.7% 0.7% 0.0% 89 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 90 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC able able Co rot TOT Millions USD in Values *All fro C contries contries he to rodcts S at level acconted for of the total eortrevene derived traway edible vegetables and roots and ineral fels areleading the ites being eorted to C followinghe tableshows theto eorts to Ccontries Sat level ehicles other than total eorts to C followinghe table shows theto rodctseorted at to C S level aing theof Table 51:Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ExportstoECOatHS02Level ECO countries.ECO countries. The top 10 products at HS02level accounted for 64% the of total export revenuefrom derived tramway, edible vegetables and roots, and fuels mineral are leading the items to exported ECO being The followingtable showsthe top countriesto 10 ECO exports at HS 02 level. Vehicles than other *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code

51 TOTAL

62 72 70 61 99 26 88 27 87 7 : Kyrgyzstan’s of % trade withas total ECO trade

Kyrgyzstan’s Kyrgyzstan’s 10 ExportsTop to ECOat HS 02 Level S illions ehicles rolling traway railway thanand or stoc other arts srpton rot prots crocheted rticles nitted aarelclothing not accessories and of or Iron and steel glassware and lass rticles aarelclothing nitted accessories croche and of or secified elsewhere not Coodities res slag ash and ir ineral sbstances bitinos ineral theirrodcts of and distillation ineral fels oils tbers and roots certain and vegetables dible and accessories thereo craft sacecraft and arts sacecraftcraft and thereof crocheted or knitted accessories, not ofapparelandclothing Articles Iron andsteel Glass andglassware crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles Commodities notelsewherespecified Ores, slagandash Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof andparts spacecraft, Aircraft, bituminous substances;mineral . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Edible vegetables and certain rootsandtubers Edible vegetablesandcertain and accessoriesthereof parts and stock, rolling tramway or Vehiclesrailway than other Product Description All products Kyrgyzstans tradeC with asof totaltrade

in in

ilateral trade with C as withorld trade ilateral C of as otal C ilateralrade with

f

Figure 33:Kyrgyzstan’stradewithECOas%oftotal Kyrgyzstan’s Top a 10Exports to ECO Kyrgyzstan’s Top toECOatHS02Level 10Exports

ear

ted otal ilateral rade otal orld ilateralrade with

t 0 0 t 2012 730.46 107.09 100.41 01 63.26 31.21 17.45 37.04 25.22 12.69 0 63.44 8.58

2013 01 709.39 0 80.07 34.73 18.43 20.33 27.65 17.45 73.79 84.01 54.84 1.23

01 2014 281.06 875.29 71.93 19.14 25.38 24.83 38.39 62.88 66.93 40.53 2.90

01 2015

453.73 30.63 14.08 48.21 18.71 26.59 43.03 34.34 33.49 9.10 8.17

01 1110 2016 411.10

13.83 15.89 15.92 16.30 24.31 25.44 32.58 36.13 36.34 46.61 ilateral trade with C as of total trade

Table 52:Kyrgyzstan’sTop 25ExportstoECOatHS06 Level total exports to ECO in2016 tototal ECO exports The followingtable showsthe top 25 products exported to ECO at HS06level making up 66% the of *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code 870423 640320 720890 620433 620312 610831 690210 390410 851629 870899 252329 850153 270119 392330 901420 520100 700529 271019 999999 261690 880240 870410 40120 81330 TOTAL 71333 ignition internal combustionpiston . ignition internal compression- with goods, of transport the for vehicles Motor of leatherstrapsacrossthe . leather,of soles consist outer Footwearwhich with uppers and hot-rolled and further worked, . hot-rolled andfurther mm, 600 >= width a of steel, or iron of products Flat-rolled not concentratednorcontaining . Milk and cream of a fat content by weight of > 1% but <= 6%, oes r il jces n baes f ytei fibres synthetic of blazers and (excluding knittedorcrocheted, . jackets girls or Womens Mens or boys suits of synthetic fibres (excluding knitted or knitted (excluding crocheted, tracksuits,skisuits . fibres synthetic of suits boys or Mens . crocheted (excludingT-shirts, Womens or girls nightdresses and pajamas of cotton, knitted or constructional goodscontaining, . constructional ceramic bricks,blocks, tiles andsimilarrefractory Refractory substances Poly”vinyl chloride”, in forms, primary not mixed with any other storage heatingradiators) Electric space-heatingandsoil-heatingapparatus(excluding transport oftenormorepersons, . transport andaccessories,fortractors,motorvehiclesthe Parts Portland cement (excluding white, whether or not artificially artificially coloured) not or whether white, (excluding cement Portland AC motors,multi-phase,ofanoutput>75kW anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, or packagingofgoods, . for the conveyance Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles Dried apples (excluding compassesandradio . and appliancesforaeronauticalorspacenavigation Instruments Cotton, neithercardednorcombed but not otherwise worked(excluding . but nototherwise ground andpolishedglass, in sheets, Float glass and surface minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Commodities notelsewherespecified and oncentrates) Precious-metal oresandconcentrates(excludingsilver ores not skinnedorsplit or whether vulgaris”, “Phaseolus beans kidney shelled Dried, eolns n ohr oee arrf o a o a unladen an of an weight >15000kg(excludinghelicopters . of aircraft powered other and Aeroplanes Dumpers for off-highway use Dumpers foroff-highway Product Description All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top toECOatHS06Level 25Exports 2012 730.46 75.59 10.49 12.19 27.52 37.04 25.22 25.84 0.00 0.00 0.75 1.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 3.29 0.00 2.68 5.18 0.27 0.00 5.16 6.72 6.51 0.85 2013 709.39 16.83 17.12 15.62 34.66 27.65 17.45 49.58 0.00 0.00 6.34 2.58 2.90 0.14 0.00 6.74 1.68 2.96 0.00 4.74 9.49 0.47 0.00 6.17 0.67 7.41 2014 281.06 875.29 12.88 11.41 12.86 23.10 33.88 38.15 42.34 0.00 0.04 3.85 2.43 0.16 0.00 1.54 3.90 3.41 0.00 6.55 6.50 0.24 0.01 7.02 2.11 1.49 2015 453.73 10.75 21.86 48.21 18.45 23.34 24.67 17.78 5.23 0.00 0.98 7.42 2.04 1.36 0.07 0.00 1.62 2.97 3.83 1.71 5.56 5.35 4.35 0.47 0.02 5.98 2016 411.10 11.81 14.58 24.15 24.34 25.39 31.30 31.75 33.74 3.03 3.21 3.30 3.46 3.48 3.59 3.64 3.65 3.73 3.76 3.94 3.97 4.24 4.33 6.85 7.38 8.31 91 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 92 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 53 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop10ImportsfromECOatHS02Level elsewhere specified, mediumelsewhere specified, oils and shampoos arethe top 3 productsthiscategory. under At HS06level, the top 25imports make up 48%of total the imports from ECO. not Commodities and essential oils. The top 10imports at HS02level make up 55% the of total imports. Top 10imports from comprise ECO of fuels, mineral followed by, commodities not elsewhere specified *All Values inUSDMillions *All Values inUSDMillions Product Code Product Code 190110 240220 330499 392111 271121 100199 440710 330510 271019 999999 TOTAL TOTAL 19 84 72 10 44 39 61 33 99 27 groats, meal,starchor . flour,of sale, retail for up put use, infant for preparations Food Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; pastrycooks or milk; products starch flour, cereals, of Preparations Cigarettes, containingtobacco parts thereof parts Machinery, mechanicalappliances,nuclearreactors,boilers; of theskin(otherthanmedicaments), . Beauty ormake-uppreparationsandforthecare Iron andsteel Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of cellular polymers of polymers ofcellular strip, . styrene, unworkedormerelysurface-worked and foil film, sheets, Plates, Cereals Natural gasingaseousstate Wood and articles ofwood;woodcharcoal Wood andarticles Wheat and meslin (excluding seed for sowing, and durum durum and sowing, for wheat) seed (excluding meslin and Wheat Plastics and articles thereof Plastics andarticles whether ornotplaned,sanded . Coniferous wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, crocheted of apparel and clothingaccessories, knitted or Articles Shampoos preparations cosmeticortoilet perfumery, Essential oilsandresinoids; minerals, notcontainingbiodiesel, . Medium oils and preparations,of petroleum or bituminous Commodities notelsewherespecified Commodities notelsewherespecified Product Description bituminous substances;mineral . distillation; of their Mineral fuels,mineraloilsandproducts Product Description All products All products Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromECOatHS06Level 25Imports Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromECOatHS02Level 10Imports 2012 2012 785.90 785.90 138.67 38.05 22.74 28.33 95.67 78.23 31.28 19.30 10.44 29.99 29.99 0.00 6.29 1.29 0.72 2.21 0.00 0.06 0.80 5.62 2013 2013 892.26 892.26 127.33 46.37 17.01 43.45 88.19 64.16 37.42 19.16 19.05 19.05 0.00 7.01 1.32 1.34 2.37 0.00 0.00 0.78 5.53 6.95 1237.81 1237.81 2014 2014 105.74 178.41 13.21 51.67 38.87 47.94 43.09 46.90 18.60 18.54 77.81 36.97 36.97 5.07 2.98 1.73 2.52 0.00 0.05 3.50 2015 2015 112.29 926.21 926.21 201.13 28.26 23.03 65.37 35.00 59.57 29.02 18.62 85.77 58.13 58.46 2.02 6.73 3.05 1.25 2.26 0.00 2.01 9.84 2016 2016 923.39 923.39 121.10 14.58 25.74 17.68 30.39 18.31 30.76 18.76 32.43 19.84 43.22 23.55 46.96 24.03 47.33 26.23 57.82 72.69 75.33 75.33 Table 54 : Kyrgyzstan’sTop25ImportsfromECOatHS06Level *All Values inUSDMillions 610342 100119 570242 340220 170490 611420 441011 870324 310230 210111 300490 721049 961900 600410 270119 shorts ofcotton,knittedor . shorts Mens or boys trousers, bib andbraceoveralls, breeches and Durum wheat(excluding seedforsowing) Durum Carpets and other floor coverings, of man-made textile of man-made coverings, floor orflocked, . materials, woven,nottufted other and Carpets Surface-active preparations, washing preparations, auxiliary washing preparationsandcleaning . auxiliary preparations, washing preparations, Surface-active (excluding chewinggum) Sugar confectionery not containing cocoa, incl. white chocolate n.e.s., ofcotton,knittedor . or otherpurposes, forprofessional, sporting Special garments atce or o wo, hte o nt glmrtd with agglomerated not or resins orotherorganicbindingsubstances . whether wood, of board Particle the transport of persons,incl. . the transport Motor carsandothermotorvehiclesprincipallydesignedfor moim irt, hte o nt n qeu solution aqueous in not or . (excluding thatinpelletorsimilarforms, whether nitrate, Ammonium Extracts, essencesandconcentrates,ofcoffee therapeutic orprophylacticpurposes, . products for of mixedorunmixed Medicaments consisting 600 mm,hot-rolledorcold-rolled . Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel, of a width of >= . for babies,andsimilararticles, towels (pads) and Sanitary tampons, napkins and napkin liners >= 5%byweightelastomeric . Knitted or crocheted fabrics, of a width of > 30 cm, containing anthracite andbituminouscoal) (excluding non-agglomerated pulverised, not or whether Coal, Kyrgyzstan’s Top fromECOatHS06Level 25Imports 2012 20.75 36.84 0.07 0.00 4.65 1.24 5.71 0.93 0.16 0.00 0.03 8.69 4.94 0.00 0.00 2013 23.65 49.36 0.01 0.00 5.91 1.17 6.09 0.82 0.09 0.04 0.00 8.60 9.50 0.00 0.00 2014 14.81 30.90 34.99 11.61 43.97 0.19 0.00 7.16 9.45 6.84 0.59 0.07 2.92 0.00 0.49 2015 16.88 12.61 84.51 12.04 36.34 0.29 1.44 6.28 4.92 4.19 0.62 0.19 3.98 1.12 1.21 2016 11.11 12.72 13.32 13.96 5.94 6.17 6.82 6.86 6.86 7.64 7.66 8.62 9.00 9.28 9.37 93 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 94 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 55:ImportsfromTrade Allies 2016 total imports while exports to these countries tototal these imports exports were while around 8%of total the exports. As of 2016 imports from , Uzbekistan, Moldova and accounted Armenia for less than 2% of the tableThe shows imports and exports countriesforselected which have FTAs signed with Kyrgyzstan. 13. 12. 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with regional countries. Along regional with these alliances Kyrgyzstan and socio-political initiated has also anumber /signed andtrade investment, customs, regulation, technical competition and antitrust regulation. common macroeconomic inthe policies sphere, transport,and industry agriculture, energy, foreign market promoting movement free the of and capital, goods, people. Furthermore, services it provides Russia and Kazakhstan and later joined by and Armenia Kyrgyzstan, as an integrated EAEUserves the In 2015,Kyrgyzstan amember became of EURASIAN the economic union (EAEU).Founded by Belarus, EURASIAN EconomicUnion: World Vietnam Uzbekistan Moldova, Republic ,of Armenia *All Values inUSDMillions Viet Nam - Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Tajikistan-Kyrgyz Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Kyrgyz-Uzbekistan Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Kyrgyz-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Kyrgyz-Russia Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Kyrgyz-Moldova Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Kyrgyz-Kazakhstan Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Eurasian Economic Union (Signed and In Effect) Economic Cooperation Organization Trade Agreement (Signedand In Effect) Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area (Signed and In Effect) Armenia-Kyrgyz Free Trade Agreement (Signed and In Effect) Korea -Eurasian[Republic of] Economic Union Free Trade Agreement (Negotiations launched) India -Eurasian Economic Union (Negotiations launched) Country Imports fromTradeImports Allies 2012 5,373.18 63.15 7.58 3.88 0.27 2013 5,983.02 97.61 3.05 6.56 0.94 2014 5,734.70 102.24 1.62 3.83 0.25 2015 4,068.08 59.22 3.68 6.15 0.33 2016 3,844.47 69.77 3.05 1.54 1.03 Table 56:ExportstoTrade Allies 2016 World Vietnam *All Values inUSDMillions Uzbekistan Moldova, Republic ,of Armenia Country Exports toTradeExports Allies 2012 1,683.24 190.13 0.57 0.72 - 2013 1,773.23 159.01 0.08 0.27 0.06 2014 1,883.73 163.70 1.40 0.89 0.10 2015 1,441.47 95.03 1.58 0.15 0.17 2016 1,423.03 125.07 0.23 0.15 0.01 95 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 96 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC development. projects relate to transport the sector, 13 are 6are based, energy for facilitation trade and 3 for multisector Kyrgyzstan has benefittedfrom 48 projectsthe under CARECumbrella. Out 48 those of projects, 26 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. institutions: amongst themselves but by also funding the and assistance technical provided by following the member countries by various projects. Members are to not expected only benefit by mutual cooperation The program aims to develop and strengthenthe existing energy, transportpolicy and sectorstrade of 11. Uzbekistan 10. Turkmenistan 9. Tajikistan 8. Pakistan 7. Mongolia 6. 5. Kazakhstan 4. Georgia 3. 2. Azerbaijan 1. Afghanistan CAREC was initiated by Asian the Development in1993.The Bank program has 11-member states: Central AsiaRegionalEconomicProgram(CAREC): World Bank United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Islamic Development (IsDB) Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF) European for Bank Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Asian Development (ADB) Bank Kyrgyz Republic Peoples Republic of China Bank forBank Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Asian Development (ADB), Bank World (WB), Islamic Bank Development (IsDB) Bank and European Kyrgyzthe government has contributed to major the this, chunk was provided by organizations such as implementation. The combinedfunding transportfor all related projects is USD 715 AlthoughMillion. in Kyrgyzstan. As table the shows, 19of 26projects the have completed been whereas 7are in still The followingtable shows details of projects aimed at improvingthe transport overall infrastructure Table 57:CARECTransportProjects Financing National Road Rehabilitation (Osh-Batken-Isfana)-SecondAdditional 3(Bishkek-OshRoad) ImprovementProject,CAREC Corridor Phase4 Bishkek-Naryn-Torugart Project Road Reconstruction CAREC Regional ImprovementProject Road –Supplementary Corridor National Road Rehabilitation (Osh-Batken-Isfana)Project -AdditionalFinancing National Road Rehabilitation (Osh-Batken-Isfana)Project CAREC Transport Corridor I(Bishkek-Torugart Corridor CAREC Transport Road), Tranche 2 CAREC Corridor I(Bishkek-TorugartCAREC Corridor Road), Phase1 Reconstruction ofTaraz-TalasReconstruction SuusamyrRoad, Phase2 I(Bishkek-Torugart Corridor CAREC Transport Road) Component) CAREC Regional ImprovementProject Road (Kyrgyz Corridor Republic Southern Transport Corridor Road Rehabilitation Corridor Transport ProjectSouthern Road Transport International Shanghai CooperationOrganizationMemberStatesonFacilitation of Agreementofthe Formulating andImplementinganIntergovernmental China (PRC), andTajikistan Cross BorderAgreementamongtheKyrgyz Republic, Peoples Republic of Third Road Rehabilitation Project Regional Projects CooperationinTransport inCentralAsia Management Department Improving Road Corridor MaintenanceandStrengtheningtheTransport Maintenance ofRegional Project Road Corridors Transport Osh-Isfana Road UpgradingProject I(Bishkek-Torugart Corridor CAREC Transport Road) -Tranche 3 3(Bishkek-OshRoad) ImprovementProject,CAREC Corridor Phase4 Financing I(Bishkek-Torugart Corridor CAREC Transport Road) Project 3-Additional 1and3ConnectorRoad ProjectCAREC Corridors 1and3ConnectorRoad ProjectCAREC Corridors DesignAdvance Component) Improvement oftheRoad SectorEfficiency Project (Kyrgyz Republic Sector intheTransport Institutional Support Project Title CAREC Transport Projects ACG, GKGZ,IsDB ADB, EDB,GKGZ ADB, Shared, ADB, GKGZ, ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ OPEC Fund Agencies UNESCAP Funding EBRD IsDB ADB ADB ADB ADB WB WB WB Funding Types Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Grant Grant Grant Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Loan Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Status 97 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 98 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Table 58: CARECEnergyProjects provided by international institutions. thanhigher that for transport projects. The composition fundingof withis similar a major chunkbeing number of projects at 13is less of than those transport the sector, total the funding, USD 930million, is The followingtable sectorshows theprojects funded energy and underAlthough CAREC. aided the Power SectorRehabilitation Project Metering Project) Power Transmission SectorImprovementProject (formerly andDistribution Toktogul Rehabilitation Phase2Project Preparing theCentralAsia-SouthAsiaRegional ElectricityMarketProject Energy EmergencyAssistanceProject Transmission andDistributionMeteringProject Emergency EnergyAssistanceProject -AdditionalFinancing Small HydroPower Development Oshelectro Rehabilitation Project Toktogul Rehabilitation Phase3Project Republic Management andDisposalofPolychlorinated Biphenyls(PCBs)intheKyrgyz Power SectorRehabilitation Project Toktogul Rehabilitation Project Phase2 Project Title CAREC EnergyProjects ADB, EDB,GKGZ ADB, EDB,GKGZ ADB, Shared ADB, Shared ADB, Shared ADB, GKGZ ADB, GKGZ GEF, UNDP Agencies Funding UNDP EBRD ADB WB WB Funding Types Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Grant, Loan Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Assistance Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Technical Loan Loan Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing Status Osh Bazaar SECTION VI Doing Business 100 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC was ranked 30 compared to 2016.The ranking for a Starting Business declined pointstwoby and as of 2017 Kyrgyzstan Apart from international regarding aspects all trade business activity have shown adecline in2017as 6.1 EaseofdoingBusiness: 6. Doing Table 59: DoingBusinessinKyrgyzstan Resolving Insolvency Enforcing Contracts Trading acrossBorders Paying Taxes Protecting MinorityInvestors Getting Credit Registering Property Getting Electricity Permits Dealing withConstruction aBusiness Starting th th out of 190nations. Business: Overall Topics DB 2017 Rank 130 141 148 163 75 79 42 32 32 30 8 DB 2016 Rank 122 141 145 161 73 81 40 29 31 28 6 Change in Rank 2 ↓ 2 ↓ 8 ↓ 2 ↑ 2 ↓ 3 ↓ 2 ↓ 1 ↓ 2 ↓ 3 ↓ - 101 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 102 KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Phone: (+92)(21)32636000Fax: (+92)(21)3263632 Schon Centre, I.I.Chundrigar Karachi, Road Pakistan Kyrgyz Consulate inKarachi, General Pakistan 6.3 Consulate: Contact numbers: Phone: +( 9251)2212196Fax: +(9251)2212169 House No.163, street F-10/1 36,sector Islamabad, Pakistan 6.2 Embassy: 24. 23. 22. 21. 20. 19. 18. 17. 16. 15. 14. 13. 12. 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 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Section breaks 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Cover Page: 4. 3. 2. 1. 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