xvnth International Congress of the Polish Pharmacological Society Plenary lectures

produced by A13 and ibotenate. Infusion of memantine by CIBIC-plus (cognition, behavior, daily living skills) also prevented LPS-induced lesion of the NBM in rats. and ADAScog (cognition). Memantine also showed Neuroprotective activity in In moderate to severe stages, a slower decline was transgenic mice models of AD such as APP23 mice, observed in patients treated with memantine for 28 weeks Tg 2576 mice, and triple transgenic mice (APPIPSI as measured by ADCS-ADL scales. There results were ITau). subsequently confmned by 24 weeks extension trial. In summary, these clinical data provide evidence that memantine is able to improve the cognition and Clinical data daily living skills of demented patients relative to pla• cebo. In addition to a cognitive benefit, additional In mild to moderate Alzheimer's patients memantine clinical trials showed positive effects of memantine significantly attenuated symptomatic decline as a mono• upon activities of daily living and behavioral distur• therapy following 24 weeks of treatment as evaluated bances in the Alzheimer's patients.

Antiplatelet drugs in cardiology - new, newer, the newest ones

Krzysztof J. Filipiak

1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland

Novel diphosphate (ADP) P2Yl2 antago• nist of the platelet ADP P2Yl2 . Preclinical nists, including , , and and early phase clinical studies have shown prasugrel elinogrel, are in various phases of clinical develop• to be characterized by more potent antiplatelet effects, ment. Prasugrel is registered in USA nad European lower interindividual variability in platelet response, Union (Efient, Effient). Ticagrelor (Brilanta) is going and faster onset of activity compared to . to be registered late in 2010, while cangrelor and elino• Recent findings from TRITON TIMI 38 trial in acute grel are still under investigation. These ADP P2Y(12) coronary syndromes (ACS) showed prasugrel to be antagonists have advantages over clopidogrel and ti• more efficacious in preventing ischemic events in pa• tients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary clopidine ranging from faster onset to greater and less intervention (PCI); however, this is achieved at the variable inhibition of platelet function. As far as tica• expense of an increased risk of bleeding. Prasugrel grelor is concerned, they can have different side ef• provides more rapid and consistent platelet inhibition fects form older drugs like clopidogrel and ticlopid• than clopidogrel. PLATO trial showed ticagrelor to be ine. Novel ADP P2Y(12) antagonists are under inves• better than compared clopidogrel without greater risk tigation to determine whether their use can result in of bleeding. However in CURRENT OASIS 7 trial improved antiplatelet activity, faster onset of action, clopidogrel showed better efficacy when doubled in andlor greater effects than clopidogrel, doses at the admission and during the first week of without an unacceptable increase in hemorrhagic or ACS. The lecture compares these novel drugs show• other side effects. Prasugrel, a novel third-generation ing how big progress is expected to happen due to oral , is a specific, irreversible antago- their use in the every day practice of cardiology.

Pharmacological Reports, 2010, 62, suppl. 5