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Mesobuthus Eupeus (C.L Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology Mesobuthus eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Turkey Ayşegül KARATAŞ & Ahmet KARATAŞ July 2003 – No. 7 Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology EDITOR: Victor Fet, Marshall University, ‘[email protected]’ ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Michael E. Soleglad, ‘[email protected]’ Euscorpius is the first research publication completely devoted to scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius takes advantage of the rapidly evolving medium of quick online publication, at the same time maintaining high research standards for the burgeoning field of scorpion science (scorpiology). Euscorpius is an expedient and viable medium for the publication of serious papers in scorpiology, including (but not limited to): systematics, evolution, ecology, biogeography, and general biology of scorpions. Review papers, descriptions of new taxa, faunistic surveys, lists of museum collections, and book reviews are welcome. Derivatio Nominis The name Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 refers to the most common genus of scorpions in the Mediterranean region and southern Europe (family Euscorpiidae). Euscorpius is located on Website ‘http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/’ at Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755-2510, USA. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 4th Edition, 1999) does not accept online texts as published work (Article 9.8); however, it accepts CD-ROM publications (Article 8). Euscorpius is produced in two identical versions: online (ISSN 1536-9307) and CD-ROM (ISSN 1536-9293). Only copies distributed on a CD-ROM from Euscorpius are considered published work in compliance with the ICZN, i.e. for the purposes of new names and new nomenclatural acts. All Euscorpius publications are distributed on a CD-ROM medium to the following museums/libraries: • USNM, United States National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), Washington, DC, USA • AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA • CAS, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA • FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA • MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA • MNHN, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France • NMW, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria • BMNH, British Museum of Natural History, London, England, UK • MZUC, Museo Zoologico “La Specola” dell’Universita de Firenze, Florence, Italy • ZISP, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia • WAM, Western Australian Museum, Perth, Australia • NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Publication date: 7 July 2003 Euscorpius — Occasional Publications in Scorpiology. 2003, No. 7 Mesobuthus eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Turkey Ayşegül KARATAŞ & Ahmet KARATAŞ Niğde Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, TR-51200 Niğde, TÜRKİYE (Division of Natural Sciences, Niğde University, TR-51200 Niğde, TURKEY) e-mail: [email protected] Summary Distribution of Mesobuthus eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Turkey is investigated and new distributional records are given. In addition, data on the variation of the number of pectinal teeth, and some ecological features of M. eupeus are provided. Introduction first locality as the possible westernmost site in the range of the species. However, Karataş & Karataş (2001) and Teruel The genus Mesobuthus Vachon, 1950 is widespread in (2002) gave new distributional localities westward, first for the Palaearctic Region from the Balkans to Korea (Birula, Niğde and then for Manisa provinces, reporting the species 1917; Vachon & Kinzelbach, 1987; Fet, 1989; Kovařík, for the first time from central and northwestern Anatolia, 1998; Fet & Lowe, 2000; Fet et al., 2000; Gantenbein et respectively. al., 2000). Three of 13 species are also found in Turkey The number of teeth on the paired pectinal organ – an (Kinzelbach, 1975; Vachon & Kinzelbach, 1987; Kovařík, important sensory organ of scorpions – is utilized to dis- 1996; Karataş & Karataş, 2001; Crucitti & Vignoli, 2002). criminate among sexes and to identify species. The number Of these, Mesobuthus gibbosus (Brullé, 1832), which is an of teeth is higher in male than in female, and there is a varia- endemic scorpion species to the Balkan-Anatolian region, is tion among individuals and between right and left pectens common to the west of the Anatolian Diagonal, except for (Birula, 1917; Crucitti et al., 1998; Crucitti & Cicuzza, the coastal parts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. 2001b; Karataş & Karataş, 2001). On the other hand, M. eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839) is wide- The purpose of the present study is to establish distribu- spread in the Palaearctic Region; it ranges from central Ana- tion of M. eupeus in Anatolia, and to provide data on varia- tolia through Caucasus and Turkestan to China; it is also tion in the number of pectinal teeth for this part of the found in Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (Birula, 1917; species’ range. Vachon, 1951, 1966; Kinzelbach, 1975, 1984; Vachon & Kinzelbach, 1987; Fet, 1989; Kovařík, 1996, 1998; Fet & Braunwalder, 2000; Fet & Lowe, 2000). M. eupeus is syn- Material and Methods topic with M. gibbosus in central Anatolia, to the west of the Anatolian Diagonal (Karataş & Karataş, 2001). Mesobuthus nigrocinctus (Ehrenberg, 1828), which was recently con- During the period between 1994 and 2002 as a re- firmed at a species level, is found in the eastern Mediterra- sult of studies of the Turkish scorpiofauna, 151 speci- nean area (Fet et al., 2000). Most recently, this species was mens (96 ♀♀, 55 ♂♂) of M. eupeus were found in 35 also reported in southeastern Turkey (Crucitti & Vignoli, different localities of the country. Most of them were 2002). taken under stones in daytime, and others were found at The first records of M. eupeus in Turkey were given by night using the UV lamp. The voucher samples were put Birula (1917) from Artvin, Kars, and Oltu (Erzurum). Kin- into 70 % ethanol and have been deposited in the scor- zelbach (1984) reported some new localities from eastern and pion collection at Biology (Zoology) Department of southeastern Anatolia. Crucitti (1993, 1999, 2000) and Cru- Niğde University (ZDNU). Counts of pectinal teeth and citti & Cicuzza (2000, 2001a, 2001b) found this species in morphological investigation were carried out under the Adıyaman, Ağrı, Kars, and Van, and also suggested the first stereo-microscope Olympus SZX9. Discrimination among 2 Euscorpius — 2003, No. 7 Mesobuthus eupeus Mesobuthus gibbosus Females Males Females Males Min-Max Mean ± SD Min-Max Mean ± SD Min-Max Mean ± SD Min-Max Mean ± SD Segment I 0.91-0.97 0.94 ± 0.02 0.89-0.94 0.93 ± 0.02 1.05-1.11 1.07 ± 0.02 1.11-1.26 1.18 ± 0.06 L/W (N= 5) Segment II 1.09-1.15 1.11 ± 0.02 1.10-1.15 1.13 ± 0.03 1.29-1.42 1.36 ± 0.05 1.39-1.54 1.48 ± 0.07 L/W (N= 5) Segment III 1.12-1.21 1.16 ± 0.04 1.13-1.23 1.18 ± 0.04 1.38-1.48 1.43 ± 0.04 1.47-1.68 1.59 ± 0.08 L/W (N= 5) Segment IV 1.41-1.50 1.43 ± 0.04 1.40-1.45 1.43 ± 0.02 1.66-1.78 1.70 ± 0.05 1.10-2.00 1.75 ± 0.37 L/W (N= 5) Segment V 1.81-2.00 1.92 ± 0.07 1.96-2.21 2.06 ± 0.11 2.08-2.23 2.15 ± 0.07 2.26-2.53 2.37 ± 0.12 L/W (N= 5) Table 1: Morphometric characteristics of Mesobuthus gibbosus and M. eupeus in Turkey. sexes on the basis of pectinal teeth number was confirmed 2001), 6 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂ (21.V.2002), 3. Kâhta, Karadut by the presence of genital papillae in males. Village, Nemrut Mt., 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂ (16.VII.2001), 4. Sin- cik, Aksu Village 13 ♀♀, 1 ♂ (24.VI.2001); 5. Aksaray: Results and Discussion Güzelyurt, Ihlara Valley, 1 ♀ (14.IV.2001); 6. Artvin: Yusufeli, Kılıçkaya, YİBO, 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ (26.VIII.2001); 7. Bingöl-Elazığ provinces boundary, Kuruca Pass, 1 ♂ The following key distinguishes species of Mesobuthus (03.X.2001); 8. Elazığ: Baskil, Karakaş Village, 2 ♀♀, 3 found in Turkey: ♂♂ (15.VII.2001); 9. Erzurum: İspir, Elmalı Village, 4 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ (27.VIII.2001); 10. Kars (centrum) 1 ♀ 1. Metasomal segments robust (Length/Width (mean ± SD) (13.IX.2000), 11. Sarıkamış, 3 ♀♀ (16.IX.2000); 12. I, 0.93 ± 0.02; II, 1.12 ± 0.02; III, 1.17 ± 0.04; IV, 1.43 ± Kayseri: Kocasinan, Boztepe vicinity, 3 ♀♀ 0.03; V, 1.99 ± 0.11) (Table 1), octocarinate. Pedipalp che- (30.V.1999), 13. Yeşilhisar, Büget Village, 1 ♀ lae relatively inflate and wider than patella, robust, with (18.VIII.1999); 14. Konya: Ereğli, Zengen, 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ short fingers. Fixed finger of pedipalps with maximum of (19.VIII.2001); 15. Malatya, 1 ♀ (20.V.2002), 16. Bat- 10 diagonal rows of granules; 11 on movable finger. Tel- talgazi, Karahan Quarter, 1 ♀ (28.IX.2001), 17. Yarım- son oblong-ovoid (subglobose), with dorsal surface flat. cahan Village, 2 ♀♀ (15.IX.2001); 18. Mardin: Eskikale Pectines with 16-23 teeth in females, 22-28 in males. …... Village, 3 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ (25.IX.2002); 19. Nevşehir: Der- M. eupeus inkuyu, Goble Stream, 2 ♂♂ (05.VIII.1997); 20 (a). Niğde (centrum), Bucakçayır Quarter, 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂ – Metasomal segments much more slender, decacarinate. (26.V.2002), (b). Özbelde Quarter, 1 ♀ (21.V.2001), 11 Pedipalp chelae more slender, with longer, slender fin- ♀♀, 3 ♂♂ (29.V.2002), (c). Tepebağları Quarter, 4 ♀♀ gers. …………………………………. (2) (05.VI.2001), 21. Aktaş Village (Kayseri road, c. 10th 2. Metasomal segments more slender (L/W; I, 1.13 ± 0.07; km), 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂ (02.V.1996), 22. Aşlama, 4 ♀♀, 1 ♂ II, 1.42 ± 0.08; III, 1.51 ± 0.10; IV, 1.72 ± 0.25; V, 2.26 ± (28.V.2001), 1 ♀ (28.V.2001), 2 ♂♂ (24.VI.2001), 23 0.14) (Table 1), fixed finger of pedipalps with maximum of (a).
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