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National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY for AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES and ANIMAL RIGHTS

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PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY FOR AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND ANIMAL RIGHTS National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY FOR AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND ANIMAL RIGHTS National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 Foreword It is with great pleasure and satisfaction that after years of work we are now launching an Agriculture Policy for the Maltese Islands. Through this policy document, we have now laid down, in a transparent manner, the government’s vision for agriculture in the Maltese islands for the next 10 years. It is opportune to mention that the drafting of this policy was an electoral manifesto promise that is being delivered. It is a result of both an appraisal of where we stand in the sector as well as of an intense consultation process conducted both internally and externally with relevant stakeholders. It is a policy that is a first of its kind in that it looks at the agricultural sector in a multi-dimensional manner, focusing on developing a vision for agriculture for the coming years with the scope of attracting more investment towards the agricultural sector and making it a more lucrative economic sector, attracting young farmers to take upon themselves the mantle instilled by our forefathers and to secure a balance between agriculture the environment and the resources it requires. Indeed the agricultural sector has to be developed with an environmental consciousness and at the same time ensure a just income to the people who invest in the sector and at the same time ensure social sustainability. The work conducted is reflected through the breadth of the policy itself. The various aspects analysed and considered bear witness to this. Through the work done we looked at the primary sector, the land and the farmers but couldn’t stop there. We had to focus along the whole value chain taking us from the very start to the very end of agriculture production. We have looked at our resources, the breeding material, the livestock and plant propagation material. We focused on the farmers, the field workers and animal breeders. We continued moving along the value chain and looked at the processors and all those involved in adding value to agriculture products. We also focused on the markets available to farmers as well as consumer trends to ensure that the policy takes into consideration the needs of the final consumer. We didn’t stop here either. We looked internally, at our internal administrative structures and tried to identify ways and means that will help us improve the way we can guide the sector forward. We also had to work with other departments that go beyond my Secretariat to foster joined-up government. As a result, today we have a policy with a number of measures that aim at meeting six objectives. Food presentation, labeling and traceability,Consolidation of land holdings,Sustaining water and key resources, Competitiveness and diversification, Adaptation to and mitigation of geo-climatic conditions and Research and development To achieve these objectives 70 specific measures have been identified to be implemented in the coming years. This document presents a clear vision to the farming community as to where we are charting the progression of the sector. It provides a basis for planning the investments that need to be made in order to make agriculture a more attractive sector and to embrace its metamorphosis to meet the realities experienced today both from a supply as well as a demand side. This is an important commitment by this Government which is binding itself to deliver a stronger agriculture sector in the coming years. At the end of the day agriculture is a sector that gives us, Maltese and Gozitans, an identity and it is our responsibility to safeguard it, nurture it and promote it to ensure that the sector is appreciated by the Maltese population as well as the millions of visitors that come to our shores. Hon. Clint Camilleri Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Rights National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 TABLE OF CONTENTS i. Executive Summary 7 ii. Abbreviations and acronyms 8 1. Introduction 9 1.01 Scope 9 1.02 Methodology 11 1.02.01 Strategic objectives 12 1.02.02 Issues paper 13 1.02.03 Stakeholder involvement 14 1.02.04 Analytical process 15 1.02.05 Operational objectives and policy measures 16 1.02.06 Policy implementation 17 2. Situation analysis 24 2.01 Agriculture in the Maltese Islands 24 2.02 Constraints 30 2.02.01 Economic 31 2.02.02 Social 33 2.02.03 Policy 34 2.02.04 Environmental 34 2.03 Crop production 37 2.03.01 Fruit and vegetables 44 2.03.02 Viticulture 49 2.03.03 Tomatoes for processing 53 2.03.04 Potatoes 56 2.03.05 Olive cultivation 59 2.03.06 Controlled cropping 62 2.03.07 Hydroponics and aquaponics 63 2.03.08 Organic farming 64 2.03.09 Cereals and legumes 66 2.03.10 Amenity horticulture 67 2.03.11 Agricultural services 68 2.04 Livestock production 69 2.04.01 Cattle 74 2.04.02 Swine 77 2.04.03 Poultry 80 2.04.04 Sheep 82 2.04.05 Goats 85 2.04.06 Rabbits 87 2.04.07 Bees 88 2.04.08 Others 90 2.05 Agro processing industry 90 2.06 Rural development 93 2.07 Education, research and development 95 4 National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 3. Analytical Process 98 3.01 Rationale 98 3.02 Horizontal issues 99 3.02.01 Ensuring adequate farm income levels 100 3.02.02 Improving agricultural competitiveness 100 3.02.03 Involving the private sector 100 3.02.04 Addressing consumer demands 101 3.02.05 Other positive externalities 101 3.02.06 Safeguarding the environment and biodiversity 101 3.02.07 Combining agriculture with rural development 102 3.02.08 Addressing heterogeneity 102 3.02.09 Targeting the active farming community 103 3.02.10 Retrieving information from stakeholders 103 3.02.11 Reducing bureaucracy and implementation costs 104 3.02.12 Educating and up skilling farmers and farm managers 104 3.03 SWOT analysis by objective 105 3.04 Detailed SWOT analysis by area 106 3.04.01 Food presentation, labelling and traceability 106 3.04.01.1 Fruit and Vegetables – Pitkali Markets 109 3.04.01.2 Fruit and Vegetables – Farmers markets 110 3.04.01.3 Viticulture 112 3.04.01.4 Tomatoes for processing 113 3.04.01.5 Potatoes 115 3.04.01.6 Olive oil production 116 3.04.01.7 Fertiliser and pesticide application 118 3.04.01.8 Dairy 120 3.04.01.9 Beef 122 3.04.01.10 Swine 123 3.04.01.11 Broilers 125 3.04.01.12 Egg production 127 3.04.01.13 Sheep and goats 128 3.04.01.14 Rabbits 130 3.04.01.15 Honey production 131 3.04.01.16 Key marketing perspective 132 3.04.02 Consolidation of land holdings 134 3.04.02.1 Agricultural leases 136 3.04.02.2 Farmer benchmarking 139 3.04.02.3 Agricultural Land Scheme 141 3.04.02.4 Land degradation 142 3.04.02.5 Fodder crop production 143 3.04.02.6 Farms on Government land 144 3.04.02.7 Livestock breeder benchmarking 145 3.04.02.8 Fodder crop demand 146 3.04.03 Sustaining water and key resources 147 3.04.03.1 Water supply 149 3.04.03.2 Rainwater harvesting 152 3.04.03.3 Groundwater abstraction 154 3.04.03.4 New water 156 3.04.03.5 Nitrates 158 3.04.03.6 Intensive farming 160 3.04.03.7 Soil conservation 162 3.04.03.8 Ecosystem services 164 5 National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 3.04.04 Competitiveness and diversification 166 3.04.04.1 Demographics 168 3.04.04.2 Farming skills 169 3.04.04.3 Capital investment 171 3.04.04.4 Profitability 173 3.04.04.5 Working conditions 175 3.04.04.6 Planning permits 176 3.04.04.7 Cooperation 177 3.04.04.8 Production targets 179 3.04.04.9 Niche markets 180 3.04.04.10 Tourism 182 3.04.04.11 Organic farming 184 3.04.04.12 Access to finance 185 3.04.05 Adaptation to and mitigation of geo-climatic conditions 187 3.04.05.1 Seasonal changes 189 3.04.05.2 Severe weather conditions 191 3.04.05.3 Adaptation and mitigation strategies 192 3.04.05.4 Renewable energy 194 3.04.05.5 Carbon sinks 196 3.04.05.6 Risk insurance 198 3.04.06 Research and development 200 3.04.06.1 Higher educational institutions 202 3.04.06.2 Research and innovation 204 3.04.06.3 Idea incubators and product development 208 3.04.06.4 Smart agriculture and IT development 211 3.04.06.5 Internationalisation 213 3.04.06.6 Extension Services 215 4. Operational Objectives and Policy Measures 218 4.01 Way forward 218 4.01.01 Economic Objectives 221 4.01.02 Social Regeneration 227 4.01.03 Resources 232 4.01.04 Governance 240 5. Implementation 247 5.01 Action plan 247 5.02 Responsible entities 258 6. Conclusion 287 References 288 6 National Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands 2018 – 2028 i. Executive Summary A comprehensive Agricultural Policy for the Maltese Islands was requested by various stakeholders in order to provide a strategic national direction for this dynamic sector.
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