Healthy Communities: Exploring the Intersection of Community Development and Health
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Land Policy, Land Markets and Urban Spatial Segregation Allegra Calder What is Segregation segregation can be neither understood and Rosalind Greenstein and Why Is It Important? nor addressed without fully appreciating Frederick Boal’s (School of Geography, the role that race has played and continues s urban spatial segregation a conse- Queen’s University, Belfast) work is in- to play in American history and public quence of the normal functioning of formed by both the rich sociological liter- policy. Flavio Villaça (School of Architec- I urban land markets, reflecting ature on segregation and his own experi- ture and Urbanism, University of São cumulative individual choices? Or, is it a ence of living in the midst of the troubles Paulo, Brazil) understands segregation result of the malfunctioning of urban land between Catholics and Protestants in within a class framework, where income markets that privatize social benefits and Northern Ireland. Boal suggested that level and social status, not race, are the key socialize private costs? Is it the result of segregation was best understood as part of factors influencing residential patterns. In class bias, or racial bias, or both? Does a spectrum that ranged from the extreme Brazil and many other countries with long public housing policy create ghettos? Or, approach of ethnic cleansing to the more histories of authoritarian regimes, urban do real estate agents and lending officers idealistic one of assimilation (see Figure services are generally provided by the state. substitute personal -
The Rebirth of America's Urban Neighborhoods
House by House, Block by Block: The Rebirth of America’s Urban Neighborhoods ALEXANDER VON HOFFMAN OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS BOSTON AND THE POWER OF COLLABORATION In 1971, Bob Haas, a twenty-seven-year-old engineer and classical piano player, moved to a commune in a large broken-down Victorian house in a section of the Boston Dorchester district known as Upham's Corner. Haas loved the his tory and vitality of Dorchester—a streetcar-era place where first the Irish and then other ethnic groups had made their home in “Baahston”—and a few years later bought the old house from his roommates. Upham's Corner, however, was a neighborhood in crisis. M any poor Afri can Americans and Puerto Ricans lived there. Houses caught on fire and were abandoned. Stores, including the neighborhood supermarket, closed. During his first ten years in Upham's Corner, Haas's house was burglarized twenty- three times. Children on his street grew up, joined gangs, took crack cocaine, and murdered or were murdered. At first Haas naively thought that if he repaired his house, others would do the same, and the neighborhood would come back. When that did not work, he organized a neighborhood association. That did not stem the tide either, and in 1979 he and members of three neighborhood associations founded the Dorchester Bay Economic Development Corporation (Dorchester Bay EDC). Excited by its potential, Haas in 1985 gave up his other careers to become a full-time staff member and spent sixteen years as director of planning. It took a few years, but this last effort began to show tangible results. -
The North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation
The Early Impacts of Moving to Opportunity in Boston by Lawrence F. Katz, Harvard University and NBER Jeffrey R. Kling, Princeton University and NBER Jeffrey B. Liebman, Harvard University and NBER CEPS Working Paper No. 67 October 2000 The authors thank the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the National Institute on Aging, National Bureau of Economic Research, Harvard University, and the Center for Economic Policy Studies at Princeton University for research support. The authors are grateful to Yvonne Gastelum for collaborating on qualitative interviews in Spanish, Ying Qian for conducting pilot survey interviews and for compiling family contact information, Adriana Mendez for translating the survey into Spanish, Humberto Reynosa for editing the Spanish translation, Beth Welty for processing the administrative earnings and welfare data, and to Patrick Wang, Lorin Obler, and Ali Sherman for excellent research assistance. We thank all of the members of the MTO teams at MBHP, BHA, Abt and Westat for making our research possible, and Carol Luttrel for facilitating our access to Massachusetts administrative data. We have benefitted from conversations with numerous colleagues. We are particularly indebted to Josh Angrist, Deborah Belle, Xavier Briggs, Anne Case, Janet Currie, David Ellwood, Judie Feins, Richard Frank, Edward Glaeser, John Goering, Yvonne Illich, Christopher Jencks, Ron Kessler, Alan Krueger, Edward Lazear, Willard Manning, Larry Orr, Michael Piore, James Rosenbaum, James Rebitzer, Joshua Sharfstein, Marta Tienda, Julie Wilson, and Aaron Yelowitz for their comments and suggestions. Additional information on the MTO demonstration, including research results from all five participating cities, is available at www.mtoresearch.org. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] The Early Impacts of Moving to Opportunity in Boston Abstract This study focuses on 540 households originally living in public housing in high-poverty areas of Boston who participated in HUD’s Moving To Opportunity (MTO) demonstration. -
Creating a Just and Inclusive America
| MARCH 2015 | CSD RESEARCH BRIEF 15-24 | Creating a Just and Inclusive America By Xavier Briggs Adapted from an address given at the George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, January 22, 2015, in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the founding of the Center for Social Development. Thank you very much, everyone. It’s great to be much of higher education as we know it, community here with you. I want to thank the university, and in development, Head Start, public interest law, and particular the Center for Social Development and the other fields. From building fields to nurturing social School of Law, for the invitation to give this lecture movements such as civil rights, the environmental today. Special thanks to Michael Sherraden and Karen movement, the women’s movement, the LGBT Tokarz for inviting me and for helping me think about movement, and many lesser known, even taken-for- how best to contribute to this very special series here granted innovations. For example, the neighborhood as on campus. a planning concept, as a supportive building block of The Ford Foundation has long supported work by urban life—that concept was incubated by a foundation Michael and the center to help define, measure, and in the 1920s and rapidly disseminated across the grow the field of asset building—and to advance the country and even around the globe. premise that people of all backgrounds should have I say all this to underscore, at the outset, that working the opportunity to build wealth and reap the benefits in philanthropy is a great privilege, and from our that come from having a financial cushion to deploy for perspective at Ford, a privilege that comes with great themselves and their families. -
Protecting Elections and Enhancing Participation
Protecting Elections and Enhancing Participation: An Agenda for 2021 Academy Election 2020 Project Working Group: Protect Electoral Integrity and Enhance Voter Participation Background The Challenge: Protect Electoral Voting at the federal, state, and local levels is fundamental to American Integrity and Enhance Voter democracy, and citizens must have confidence in electoral systems, Participation processes, and results. Electoral integrity and voter participation are The U.S. election system is highly enhanced by (1) ensuring that everyone with a legal right to vote is able to decentralized. Public agencies and do so; (2) protecting such critical election infrastructure as storage facilities, administrators have critical roles to polling places, and centralized vote tabulation locations; and (3) play in ensuring fair and safe safeguarding such information and communications technology as voter elections. In most cases, the nation’s registration databases, voting machines, and other electoral management counties are responsible for actually systems. The emergence of the Covid-19 crisis, concerns about running our elections. Decentralization cybersecurity, and the complex and decentralized nature of our electoral and lack of standardization create a system present challenges to our election system. The next administration number of challenges, but this structure will be called upon to address these concerns and ensure public confidence can be a strength from a security in the election results. perspective. Recommendations for 2021 1. Strengthen the resources and support to the federal cyber security infrastructure and highlight the importance of this effort. 2. Ensure that adequate funding is provided in order for all federal election duties to be performed well. 3. Ensure that all key election-related positions are filled in a timely manner, with qualified individuals. -
Strengthening Partnerships
Strengthening Partnerships – Means of Implementation of the New Urban Agenda Successful partnerships and approaches ensuring inclusive, sustainable and resilient cities A Networking Event at the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) Date: Tuesday, 18 October 2016 Time: 4:30 p.m. - 6:30 p.m. Venue: Room MR20, Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Benjamín Carrión, Quito, Ecuador Version 10 October 2016 This networking event is hosted by the Cities Alliance Habitat III Joint Work Programme (JWP), consisting of: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development-BMZ (chair) / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, French Ministry of Foreign Affairs/AFD, UN-Habitat, United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG), Slum Dwellers International (SDI), Habitat for Humanity International (HFHI), Ford Foundation, IHS, ICLEI, Ministry of Cities Brazil, Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), UK Department for International Development (DFID) and Swiss SECO. CONCEPT NOTE: CITIES ALLIANCE NETWORKING EVENT, HABITAT III, OCTOBER 2016 About the Event The proposed networking event will highlight the role of partnerships in the implementation of the New Urban Agenda (NUA). The draft outcome document of the NUA already calls for the meaningful engagement of all stakeholders in all stages of the policy process, from planning to budgeting, capacity development, implementation, and monitoring. It also acknowledges the relevance of partnerships in the follow-up and review of the NUA. For cities to be able to provide opportunities to all it is required that all urban actors build partnerships in a way that is characterised by inclusiveness, sustainability and resilience. The networking event will explore in practical terms how to operationalise the NUA and how partnerships of national governments, local authorities, organised civil society and the private sector can contribute to the implementation of key topics of the New Urban Agenda. -
A Practical Approach to Implementing an Integrated, Efficient, and Effective Caremark and EESG Strategy
E2_STRINE-SMITH-STEEL (DO NOT DELETE) 5/23/2021 6:02 PM Caremark and ESG, Perfect Together: A Practical Approach to Implementing an Integrated, Efficient, and Effective Caremark and EESG Strategy Leo E. Strine, Jr.,* Kirby M. Smith**& Reilly S. Steel*** ABSTRACT: With increased calls from investors, legislators, and academics for corporations to consider employee, environmental, social, and governance factors (“EESG”) when making decisions, boards and managers are struggling to situate EESG within their existing reporting and organizational structures. Building on an emerging literature connecting EESG with corporate compliance, this Essay argues that EESG is best understood as an extension of the board’s duty to implement and monitor a compliance program under Caremark. If a company decides to do more than the legal minimum, it will simultaneously satisfy legitimate demands for strong EESG programs and promote compliance with the law. Building on that insight, we explain how boards can marry existing corporate compliance programs with budding EESG programs. By integrating compliance and EESG, corporations can meet growing societal demands in an effective and efficient manner that capitalizes on existing structures. Lastly, we address how EESG and corporate compliance responsibilities should be allocated at the board and senior management level. Instead of separating compliance and EESG oversight, * Michael L. Wachter Distinguished Fellow in Law and Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School; Ira M. Millstein Distinguished Senior Fellow at the Millstein Center at Columbia Law School; Senior Fellow, Harvard Program on Corporate Governance; Henry Crown Fellow, Aspen Institute; Of Counsel, Wachtell Lipton Rosen & Katz; former Chief Justice and Chancellor of the State of Delaware. -
50Th Anniversary Honorary Committee
50TH ANNIVERSARY HONORARY COMMITTEE November 23, 2015 CO-CHAIRS Jack Connors Daniel J. Driscoll Founding Partner & Chairman Emeritus, President & CEO, Harbor Health Services, Inc. Hill, Holiday, Connors, Cosmopoulos, Inc. Victoria Reggie Kennedy Bernadette Di Re Co-Founder and President of the Board, CEO, United HealthCare Community Plan of MA Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the John J. Drew United States Senate President/CEO, Action for Boston Antonia McGuire, RN, MPH Community Development, Inc. President & CEO, Edward M. Kennedy Community Andrew Dreyfus Health Center and Board Chair, MLCHC President & CEO, Blue Cross Blue Shield Tom Van Coverden of Massachusetts President & CEO, National Association Deborah Enos of Community Health Centers Immediate Past President & CEO, Neighborhood Health Plan Joel Aronson Joseph D. Feaster, Jr., Esq . Partner, Alexander, Aronson, Finning & Co., P.C. President, Feaster Enterprises Harris A. Berman, MD,FACP Sandra L. Fenwick Dean, Tufts University School of Medicine President & Chief Executive Officer, Boston Children’s Hospital James T. Brett President & CEO, The New England Council Matthew Fishman Vice President for Community Health, Corinne Broderick Partners HealthCare Executive Vice President, Massachusetts Medical Society Ruth Ellen Fitch Independent Trustee/Director Gregory Bulger Trustee, Gregory E. Bulger Foundation Elmer Freeman Executive Director, Center for Community Health Bernard Carey, Jr. Education Research & Service, Inc. Executive Director, Massachusetts Association for Mental Health Ralph Fuccillo Delta Dental of Massachusetts Helen Chin Schlichte President Emeritus, South Cove Manor H. Jack Geiger, MD at Quincy Point Founding Member & Past President, Foundation for Human Rights Susan Coakley President, Boston Medical Center HealthNet Plan Jay Gonzalez President & CEO, CeltiCare Health Michael Collins, MD, FACP Chancellor, University of Massachusetts Medical School Christopher “Kit” Gorton, MD, MHSA President, Tufts Health Public Plans Inc. -
Poverty & Race Research Action Council
PRRAC Poverty & Race Research Action Council 1015 15th St. NW Suite 400 Washington, DC 20005 202/906-8023 Fax 202/842-2885 www.prrac.org THE POVERTY AND RACE RESEARCH ACTION COUNCIL 2009 ANNUAL REPORT The Poverty & Race Research Action Council (PRRAC) is a not-for-profit civil rights policy organization based in Washington, D.C. PRRAC’s primary mission is to help connect social scientists with advocates working on race and poverty issues, and to promote a research-based advocacy strategy on issues of structural racial inequality. PRRAC’s current work focuses on the continuing legacy of government sponsored racial and economic segregation in the U.S., and its consequences for low income families in the areas of health, education, employment, and incarceration. Our substantive work in 2007 focused on research and advocacy in housing, education, and health. PRRAC also publishes the Poverty & Race newsletter, a bi-monthly clearinghouse for new research and advocacy ideas on race and poverty issues. This report will briefly describe the most significant research and advocacy initiatives undertaken by PRRAC in 2009. HOUSING OPPORTUNITY Civil Rights Task Force on Federal Housing Policy: Following our successful June 2009 conference at the Urban Institute, we continued to press HUD on its civil rights agenda, with detailed written analyses of key HUD programs and meetings with HUD Deputy Secretary Ron Sims and his staff, HUD Assistant Secretary John Trasvina and his staff, and other members of HUD’s leadership team. We also provided detailed input to HUD on the following programs: We testified at a public “Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Listening Session” organized by HUD FHEO to develop a new fair housing regulation – and we also submitted formal comments on the upcoming regulation. -
A Review of Gary Peller's Critical Race Consciousness Book Review
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Connecticut Law Review School of Law 2013 Integration Reclaimed: A Review of Gary Peller's Critical Race Consciousness Book Review Michelle Adams Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/law_review Recommended Citation Adams, Michelle, "Integration Reclaimed: A Review of Gary Peller's Critical Race Consciousness Book Review" (2013). Connecticut Law Review. 229. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/law_review/229 CONNECTICUT LAW REVIEW VOLUME 46 DECEMBER 2013 NUMBER 2 Book Review Integration Reclaimed: A Review of Gary Peller’s Critical Race Consciousness MICHELLE ADAMS Integration occupies a contested and often paradoxical place in legal and public policy scholarship and the American imagination. Today, more Americans are committed to integration than ever before. Yet this attachment to integration is hardly robust. There is a widespread perception that integration has failed. A vanishingly small percentage of social and economic resources are spent on integration. At the same time, some progressives and those who would otherwise consider themselves on the “left” criticize integration as insufficiently attentive to economic equality and dismissive of black identity and culture. Scholars from across the political spectrum have sought to explain this disconnect and to assess the possibilities of integration as a political program, moral ideal, and social agenda. In his recent book, Critical Race Consciousness: Reconsidering American Ideologies of Racial Justice, Professor Gary Peller joins this robust and ongoing conversation. Peller’s central claim is not that integration has had too little influence over the shape of racial equality and social policy, but that it has had too much. One must him credit for intervening in this important discussion. -
Save the Date
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL INTEGRATION SEGMENT SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION 27-29 May 2014 United Nations Headquarters, New York By 2050, about 70 per cent of the world’s population is expected to live in urban areas, and over 60 per cent of the land projected to become urban by 2030 is yet to be built. There is no doubt that urbanization, if done right, can deliver a sustainable future. To be chaired by H.E. Mr. Vladimir Drobnjak, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of the Republic of Croatia to the United Nations and Vice-President of ECOSOC With confirmed speakers (as of 12 May) SPECIAL ADDRESSES H.E. Mr. Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda H.E. Mr. Angelino Garzon, Vice-President of Colombia H.E. Mr. Michael Bloomberg, Former Mayor of New York City and UN Special Envoy for Cities and Climate Change MEMBER STATES H.E. Mr. Mohand Laenser, Minister of Planning and Development, Morocco H.E. Mr. Kadir Topbaş, Mayor of Istanbul and President of United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) H.E. Ms. Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris H.E. Ms. Cristina Alvarez Rodriguez, Minister of Government of the Province of Buenos Aires H.E. Mr. Khalifa Sall, Mayor of Dakar H.E. Mr. Mpho Parks Tau, Mayor of Johannesburg (via video-link) H.E. Ms. Susana Villarán, Mayor of Lima H.E. Mr. Fathallah Oualalou, Mayor of Rabat and former Minister of Finance and Economy H.E. Ms. Jacqueline Moustache-Belle, Mayor of Victoria UN SYSTEM H.E. Mr. John W. Ashe, President of the General Assembly Mr. -
Arcaya Briggs-Commdevt and Health-Oct11.Pdf
Community Development & Health By Mariana Arcaya and Xavier de Souza Briggs doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0778 HEALTH AFFAIRS 30, NO. 11 (2011): 2064–2071 ANALYSIS & COMMENTARY ©2011 Project HOPE— The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc. Despite Obstacles, Considerable Potential Exists For More Robust Federal Policy On Community Development And Health Mariana Arcaya (marcaya@ hsph.harvard.edu) is a doctoral ABSTRACT The implementation of the Affordable Care Act of 2010 and the candidateintheDepartment Obama administration’s urban policy create an opportunity to link of Society, Human Development, and Health at community development with health in new and powerful ways. The the Harvard School of Public ’ Health, in Boston, administration s policy emphasizes improved access to and quality of care Massachusetts. through coordinated local and regional approaches, expansion of access — Xavier de Souza Briggs is an to healthy food, and the support of environmental health including associate professor of clean air, water, and soil—and healthy homes. New federal programs, sociology and planning at the ’ Massachusetts Institute of such as the Affordable Care Act s Community Transformation Grants, Technology, in Cambridge. seek to prevent death and disability through policy, environmental, programmatic, and infrastructure changes. But fragmented congressional jurisdiction and budget “scoring” rules pose challenges to needed reform. We argue that government agencies need to adopt so-called systems of innovation, or organizational practices and support mechanisms that seek continuously to test new models, refine promising ones, bring to scale those that work best, and restructure or terminate what does not. We also argue that a strong and well-focused policy advocacy coalition is needed to help drive reform focused on the social determinants of health.