City of South Bend Phase II Wellhead Protection Plan Five Year Update
Prepared for:
City of South Bend Utilities 227 West Jefferson Boulevard South Bend, Indiana 46601
Prepared by: American Structurepoint, Inc. 7260 Shadeland Station Indianapolis, Indiana 46256 (317) 547-5580
October 17, 2014
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
American Structurepoint, Inc., on behalf of South Bend Water Works (PWSID No. IN5271014), has prepared this Wellhead Protection Plan in accordance with the regulations outlined in 327 IAC 8-4.1 (the “Indiana Wellhead Protection Rule”) for the South Bend Wellfields. The wellfields are located in northeastern St. Joseph County, within the City of South Bend. This wellhead protection plan is largely based on existing wellhead protection practices currently employed by the South Bend Water Works (2000).
Local planning for the South Bend Water Works (SBWW) is a collaborative effort between the utility, the St. Joseph County Health Department (SJCHD) and additional supporting agencies. An attempt to orchestrate routine meetings to discuss the wellhead protection strategies proved to be difficult, and therefore LPT meetings were not conducted from 2009 – 2013. However, recent efforts have been made to reinvigorate the LPT activity, with a meeting held on October 3, 2014. Representatives from the SJCHD, the South Bend Fire Department (SBFD), South Bend Wastewater Department, and local environmental professionals met and have agreed to set an annual meeting time for review of wellfield issues. Although there has been a lag in LPT meetings in recent years, the SJCHD has been proactive in wellhead protection, serving as the authority for permitting and inspections of various developments and activity within the wellhead protection areas (WHPA). At future LPT meetings, the SBWW and the SCJHD have agreed to review recent updates in facilities that may pose an environmental threat to the WHPA’s. Information regarding the LPT can be found in Section 1.
The 2008 WHPA delineation was completed as part of the City’s Phase II submittal. The WHPA for the South Bend wellfields was delineated utilizing numeric modeling (Modflow). Both a 1-year and 5- year time-of-travel boundary (capture zone) was delineated around the wellfields. The efforts of identifying potential contamination sources and potential management areas are concentrated within the 5-year capture zone, recognized as the official WHPA. A desktop assessment of the aquifer sensitivity to contamination was performed based on several parameters adopted from the DRASTIC method of hydrogeologic potential for contamination (Aller et al., 1985). Based on the input parameters, the Edison, North, Olive, and Pinhook wellfields are determined to be at a high potential for contamination, while the Carriage Hills, Cleveland South and Cleveland North, Erskine, and South wellfields are determined to be at a medium potential for contamination. Information regarding the WHPA delineations and assessment of aquifer sensitivity can be found in Section 2.
The Carriage Hills, Edison, Erskine, North, and Pinhook WHPAs are primarily residential and commercial land-use. The Cleveland and Olive WHPAs are primarily industrial and commercial. The PSI methodology, results, and management strategy are discussed in Section 3.
The potential source management of the WHPA will continue to be a combined effort of SBWW personnel, including field inspectors and technicians who actively work in and around the wellfields, the SJCHD, and the LPT members. Furthermore, groundwater (raw water) monitoring is routinely performed and will continue to be performed as an additional means of potential source management. The SBWW management plan information is outlined in Section 4.
The City of South Bend has an Emergency – Disaster Contingency Plan, and SBWW has cooperated with the local fire department to ensure an emergency response plan is in place for the WHPAs. This plan hinges primarily on effective communication between local emergency responders and the
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SBWW personnel. Furthermore, SBWW maintains multiple different sources of supply (8 wellfields interconnected), as well as a connection with Mishawaka Water, to ensure an adequate supply in the event of an emergency. SBWW also maintains in-system storage that can sustain system demands and pressure during an emergency event. Detailed contingency plan information is outlined in Section 5.
SBWW has implemented wellhead protection activities to meet the Phase II implementation requirements set forth in the Wellhead Protection Rule. The City of South Bend Phase II Wellhead Protection Plan Five Year Update, as outlined in this report, is primarily based on the ongoing wellhead protection activities. This plan and the strategies herein, if implemented effectively, will continue to protect and maintain a high-quality groundwater resource for the City of South Bend.
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ABBREVIATIONS
AST Aboveground Storage Tank BMP Best Management Practice CPWSS Community Public Water Supply System DRASTIC Depth to water; Recharge; Aquifer media; Soil media; Topography; Impact of the vadose zone; Conductivity of the aquifer EPA Environmental Protection Agency GIS Geographic Information System HAZMAT Hazardous Materials IAC Indiana Administrative Code IDEM Indiana Department of Environmental Management LEPC Local Emergency Planning Committee LPT Local Planning Team LUST Leaking Underground Storage Tank NA Not Available NFA No Further Action NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System ORD Ordinance PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl PCE Tetrachloroethylene PSC Potential Source of Contamination PSI Potential Source Inventory PWSID Public Water System Identification RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SBFD South Bend Fire Department SBWW South Bend Water Works SJCHD St. Joseph County Health Department SQG Small Quantity Generator SVOC Semi-Volatile Organic Compound TCE Trichloroethylene TQP Technically Qualified Person USGS United States Geological Survey UST Underground Storage Tank VOC Volatile Organic Compound VFC Virtual File Cabinet VFW Veterans of Foreign Wars VRP Voluntary Remediation Program WHPA Wellhead Protection Area WHPP Wellhead Protection Plan
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INTRODUCTION
The Indiana Wellhead Protection Program and rule (327 IAC 8-4.1) outlines five basic categories for Community Public Water Supply System (CPWSS) wellhead protection plans. These areas include the following:
1. Local Planning Team (LPT)
2. WHPA Delineation
3. Identification of Potential Sources of Contamination (Source ID)
4. Potential Source Management
5. Contingency Planning
This report serves to document the wellhead protection implementation and five year update by the SBWW and to outline the plan for continued protection of the wellfields with respect to the components outlined by IDEM.
Wellfield Description See attached exhibits for maps of the following wellfields. The Carriage Hills Wellfield includes Wells 3 and 4, and is located within a residential subdivision, approximately 0.17-mile east of Ironwood Drive. The Cleveland South and Cleveland North Wellfields include Wells 1 through 6. Cleveland North Wellfield is located approximately 0.10-mile north of Cleveland Road along Patricia Lane. Cleveland South Wellfield is located approximately 150-feet south of Cleveland Road, north of Interstate 80. The Edison Station Wellfield includes Wells 1A to 4A, and is located within Edison Park, just east of North Ironwood Drive. The Erskine Wellfield includes Well 2 and is located approximately 0.56-mile north of US Highway 20 on the western portion of the Erskine Park Golf Course. The North Station Wellfield is located west and south of a meander of the St. Joseph River, approximately 300-feet east of State Road 933. The North Station Wellfield includes Wells 1A to 3A and 4A. The Olive Station Wellfield is located in the southwestern portion of South Bend, on the southwest corner of Olive Street and Sample Street. Olive Station Wellfield includes Wells 1 through 6. The Pinhook Station Wellfield is located in the northwestern portion of South Bend, just west of the St. Joseph River and approximately 0.57-mile south of Interstate 80. The Pinhook Station Wellfield includes Wells 1 through 5. The South Wellfield includes Wells 4A and 5 and is located approximately 0.8-mile north of the St. Joseph Valley Parkway and approximately 900-feet west of Main Street. Exhibits 1 and 2 provide the location of the wellfields, while Exhibit 3 shows a larger scale aerial view of the wellfields and production well locations.
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SECTION 1 LOCAL PLANNING TEAM
The SBWW established an LPT in 1999 consisting of the utility personnel, SJCHD, SBFD, and other local agencies. However, an attempt to maintain a routine schedule proved difficult, and therefore LPT meetings were not conducted from 2009 - 2013. However, recent efforts have been made to reinvigorate the LPT activity, with a meeting held on October 3, 2014.
American Structurepoint personnel met with SBWW representatives, Mr. John Wiltrout, Mr. Ed Herman, and Ms. Kara Boyles, to discuss the SBWW Phase II WHPA five year update and the recent SBWW activity in regards to wellhead protection. Mr. Wiltrout indicated the SJCHD performed reviews for facilities within the SBWW wellfields (Appendix 3) as a result of a local ordinance.
An LPT meeting was conducted on October 3, 2014, and attendees are included in Table 1-1. Meeting minutes from the LPT’s October 3, 2014 meeting is included in Appendix 1.
Table 1-1 SBWW Local Planning Team Name Affiliation John Wiltrout South Bend Water Works Bill Karban EnviroSolutions Nick Tekier South Bend Fire Department Mark Rzepnicki South Bend Waste Water Ed Herman South Bend Water Works John Lankowitz St. Joseph County Health Department Kara Boyles City of South Bend Dustin Graves American Structurepoint
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SECTION 2 DELINEATION
The WHPA delineations were completed as part of the 2003 Phase I plan and updated as part of the 2008 Phase II plan. The delineation of the South Bend WHPA (the 1-year and 5-year time-of-travel boundaries) was completed via numeric modeling through contract support by Peerless Midwest, Inc. IDEM agreed, in correspondence dated October 6, 2014, that the delineation did not require an update as part of this Phase II WHPA submittal (Appendix 2). Additionally, Peerless-Midwest, Inc. completed an evaluation of the South Bend delineation as part of their 2008 Phase II WHPP and found the delineated area was conservative enough to allow for significant wellfield expansion. Exhibits 3 through 10 provide an aerial display of each of the South Bend WHPAs.
2.1 Summary of Regional and Local Hydrogeology
Unconsolidated deposits derived from Wisconsin-aged glaciation cover St. Joseph County (Gray, 2002). These deposits include glacial till interspersed with sand and gravel outwash formations. Glacial till deposits are incised by an outwash valley that generally coincides with the St. Joseph drainage network. The unconsolidated deposits in St. Joseph County overlay the Ellsworth Shale bedrock of Devonian age.
The project area is located in the Plymouth Morainal Complex and St. Joseph Drainageways sections of the Northern Moraine and Lake Region of Northern Indiana (Gray, 2000). This physiographic province is characterized by an extensive alluvial plain along the St. Joseph River corridor. The section has little topographic relief and is drained axially by the Pigeon, Elkhart, and St. Joseph Rivers.
Locally, the project area resides within the regional St. Joseph River Basin Hydrogeologic Setting (Fowler, 1994). Productive aquifers within this basin include unconsolidated deposits comprised of surficial sand and gravel, buried sand and gravel, sand and gravel within buried pre-glacial bedrock valleys, and discontinuous sand and gravel (Fowler, 1994). The sand and gravel aquifers beneath the project area include the (shallow) surficial sand and gravel and the (deep) buried sand and gravel bodies, interpreted collectively as the St. Joseph Aquifer System (Dean, 2010).
According to Dean (2010), the St. Joseph Aquifer System is comprised primarily of fine to medium sand, with some zones of coarse sand and gravel; the granular aquifer formations are interspersed with clay or till units of limited areal extent. Numerous high capacity wells are completed in the St. Joseph Aquifer, which constitutes one of the major aquifer systems in the State (Dean, 2010).
2.2 Evaluation of Characteristics Defining Wellfield Sensitivity to Contamination
Wellfield sensitivity to contamination was evaluated utilizing methodology similar to the DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1985). Specific wellfield parameters of interest include: 1) depth to water, 2) aquifer materials, 3) soil type, 4) slope, and 5) amount of clay thickness. Specifically, the depth to water and the amount of clay thickness (low permeability materials) are more critical factors in determining the aquifer susceptibility and, thus, have a greater weight in determining the susceptibility factor.
A numerical factor is assigned to the wellfield to indicate the degree of sensitivity to contamination, dependent upon the physical characteristics of the wellfield property. Table 2-1 provides an 6 201400923
explanation of the criteria used to determine this rating. Table 2-2 lists the specific sensitivity criteria for the South Bend Wellfields, as the product of the potential for contamination and the sensitivity weighting factor. As specified in the notation following Table 2-2, the total score less than 38 as indicated by the Carriage Hills, Cleveland, Erskine, and South Wellfields would correspond to a relatively medium potential for contamination, while a score equal to or greater than 38 as indicated by the Pinhook, Olive, North, and Edison Wellfields would correspond to a relatively high potential for contamination.
Table 2-1 Criteria for Estimating the Sensitivity of the Wellfield to Contamination
Potential for Contamination Wellfield Criteria Low Medium High Depth to Water >50 feet 20 to 50 feet <20 feet Aquifer Material Shale Limestone Sand and Gravel Soil Type Silt/Clay loam Loam/Sandy loam Sand - Gravel No slope toward Moderate slope toward Slope toward Slope wells wells wells Clay Thickness >50 feet 10 to 50 feet <10 feet Note: Clay thickness refers to the thickness of clay layer above the aquifer Note: Criteria are ranked as follows: Low = rating of 1, Medium = rating of 2, High = rating of 3 (15 points maximum multiplied by weighting factor in Table 2-2)
Table 2-2 Sensitivity Rating for Wellfields
Sensitivity Criteria Potential for Depth to Aquifer Clay Contamination / Soil Type Slope Total Water Material Thickness Sensitivity Rating (weight = 2) (weight = 1) Score (weight = 5) (weight = 3) (weight = 4) Carriage Hills Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 1 3 3 2 2 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 5 9 6 2 8 30 Cleveland South and Cleveland North Wellfields Potential for Contamination (from Table 1 3 3 2 2 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 5 9 6 2 8 30 Edison Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 2 3 3 1 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 10 9 6 1 12 38
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Erskine Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 1 3 3 1 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 5 9 6 1 12 33 North Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 3 3 3 2 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 15 9 6 2 12 44 Olive Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 3 3 3 1 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 15 9 6 1 12 43 Pinhook Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 3 3 3 1 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 15 9 6 1 12 43 South Wellfield Potential for Contamination (from Table 1 3 3 2 3 2-1) Sensitivity Rating 5 9 6 2 12 34 Note: Sensitivity ratings are categorized as follows: High potential for contamination = a score of 38 - 50; Medium potential for contamination = score of 26 - 37 Low potential for contamination = score of 15 - 25 Note: Weights for each criterion are modeled after the DRASTIC evaluation system (Aller et al., 1985)
The assessment of hydrogeologic sensitivity will assist SBWW in evaluating potential threats that may be posed by differing land uses or future development within the WHPA. This analysis, along with the wellfield maps that depict the delineated WHPA boundaries, may be used by SBWW to defend the rebuttal of development within the WHPA that may pose a threat to the groundwater quality.
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SECTION 3 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION
An integral part of protecting the public water supply wellfields is to identify all potential sources of groundwater contamination within the WHPAs. The following provides an overview of the general and specific land uses within the WHPAs and methodology used to identify potential contaminant sources.
3.1 Methods for Identification of Potential Sources of Contamination
Several approaches were taken in an effort to identify all potential sources of contamination within the WHPA. The original PSI was reviewed for accuracy and updated accordingly. Additionally, the City of South Bend Phase II PSI update for South Bend Wellfields was also reviewed (Peerless-Midwest, 2008). Aerial photography was combined with data obtained from the IndianaMap (IndianaMap, 2014) to determine the location of PSCs and areas of potential risk. This database includes locations and descriptions of a variety of environmentally regulated facilities around the state (i.e., UST, LUST, RCRA, VRP sites, and landfill sites). The US EPA National Priority List was also reviewed. The aforementioned data was combined and analyzed utilizing GIS software (ArcGIS) and layered along with the WHPA boundaries. Exhibits 11 through 17 provide a graphical display of the South Bend area WHPAs, respectively, along with the identified locations for potential sources of contamination. Tables 3-1 through 3-7 provide the list of potential sources of contamination corresponding to Exhibits 11 and 17, respectively.
Although the aforementioned databases are fairly comprehensive, they may not encompass every potential contaminant source within the WHPAs. To supplement and “ground-truth” the database information, a “windshield survey” of the entire WHPA was conducted. Locations of unregulated sites (i.e., drycleaners, golf courses, schools, etc.) were identified and recorded. Based on the windshield survey, the majority of the businesses and residents appeared to be connected to city sewers.
3.2 Land Use Within the Wellfield Protection Areas
The area within the South Bend WHPAs is urban and primarily developed as residential and commercial with some industrial facilities (primarily in the Olive Station and South WHPAs). Review of aerial photography and the windshield survey did not identify any agricultural land use.
Contaminant sources from residential areas would likely be in the form of typical household chemicals (i.e., chlorine bleach, lawn chemicals, fuel, etc.). Leachate from septic systems (if present) could introduce nitrates, phosphates, or coliform bacteria to the aquifer. See Section 3.3 for further discussion of the industrial properties located within the WHPAs.
Major roads within the South Bend WHPAs include Interstate 80, US Highway 20, US Highway 31, Michigan Street, and multiple three to four lane thoroughfares. These transportation routes could be a potential source of contamination in the form of roadway runoff; however, of greater concern is the possibility of a hazardous materials spill, especially for Interstate 80. The SBFD team has been made aware of the WHPA boundaries, and mock exercises for spill response will continue to be completed during SBWW and/or SBFD training exercises. Sections 4 and 5 provide more details on the management of these PSC transportation routes.
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3.3 Inventory of Potential Sources of Contamination
Carriage Hills Wellfield
No regulated or unregulated sites were identified in the Carriage Hills WHPA. The Carriage Hills Wellfield was noted to be entirely residential. Potential contamination from residential land use could include pesticides, herbicides, and potential septic system leach fields.
Cleveland South and Cleveland North Wellfields
Three unregulated and 11 regulated sites were identified in the Cleveland South and Cleveland North WHPA (see Table 3-1 and Exhibit 12). The regulated sites include five underground storage tank (UST) facilities, one leaking UST (LUST) facility, four Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) sites, and one solid waste landfill accepting only organic materials (i.e. yard waste, leaf litter, etc.). The City of South Bend Organic Resource Facility (C-7) was not listed in the prior Phase II WHPP. The remaining unregulated sites were not identified on the IndianaMap or the IDEM VFC environmental database and include Cintas Uniform Cleaning Service (Map ID C-10), BluDot Trailer Brake Suppliers (Map ID C-11), and the Blackthorn Golf Course (Map ID C-14), none of which were listed in the prior Phase II WHPP. Additionally, one natural gas and two refined product pipelines (Map ID C-15) were noted throughout the WHPA. Table 3-1 corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 12.
Edison Plant Wellfield
Two unregulated and 16 regulated sites were identified in the Edison Plant WHPA (see Table 3-2 and Exhibit 13). The regulated sites include one Brownfield site with an active environmental restrictive covenant (ERC) for groundwater use (Map ID ED-7), 14 UST facilities, five of which are also listed as LUST sites, and one RCRA facility. The two unregulated sites consist of a dry cleaner (Map ID ED- 16) and Edison Intermediate Center (Map ID ED-15). Although not considered a significant risk to groundwater quality, schools routinely apply turf chemicals (e.g., fertilizers, herbicides) that could leach into the aquifer. Additionally, natural gas pipelines (Map ID ED-19) were noted throughout the WHPA. Table 3-2 corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 13.
Of these 18 sites identified, the following eight sites were not listed in the prior Phase II WHPP:
• North Central Roofing (Map ID ED-6), 1118 North Logan Street, is listed on IndianaMap as a UST facility (UST ID# 30227). No information regarding this site was found on the IDEM VFC and the site was not observed during the windshield survey.
• Lake Shore Estates and Willow Club Mobile Home Park (Map ID ED-7), 815 West Douglas Road, is listed on IndianaMap as a Brownfield (ID# 4110606) with an environmental restrictive covenant for groundwater use at the site due to metals contamination. No additional information was found on the IDEM VFC concerning this site. It was noted during the windshield survey that the site is located on the far northeast portion of the 5-year capture area and consists of a mobile home park.
• Speedway Store #5153 (Map ID ED-8), 2150 South Bend Avenue, is listed on IndianaMap as a UST and LUST site (FID# 635). According to the IDEM VFC, the site has an UST system
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consisting of three 10,000-gallon gasoline USTs, one 4,000-gallon diesel UST, and one 4,000- gallon kerosene UST. The most recent tank tightness testing listed on the IDEM VFC (2013) indicated that all USTs passed. According to documentation on the IDEM VFC, the site was issued a no further action status (NFA) on February 27, 2001. The site was observed to be an active retail petroleum station during the windshield survey and located on the northwest portion of the 5-year capture area.
• Lawson Roofing (Map ID ED-9), 3439 Central Avenue, is listed on IndianaMap as a UST site (FID# 5153). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, the site formerly had one 200-gallon gasoline UST. The UST was reportedly removed in 1986. The site was not observed during the windshield survey.
• Burger King (Vacant Service Station Property, MAP ID ED-12), 2171 South Bend Avenue, is listed on IndianaMap as a UST and LUST site (FID# 17093). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, eight USTs and contaminated soils were removed from the site in 1990. An NFA was requested from IDEM. No additional documentation was available on the IDEM Virtual File Cabinet (VFC) to indicate if the NFA status has been granted. The site was observed to be a Burger King restaurant during the windshield survey.
• Two dry cleaners, Ziker’s at 2330 South Bend Avenue (Map ID ED-16) and Jin’s Cleaners at 1421 Ironwood Drive (Map ID ED-17), were noted during the windshield survey. According to documentation on the IDEM VFC, Jin’s Cleaners is listed as a RCRA conditionally exempt small quantity generator of chromium, tetrachloroethylene, and spent halogenated solvents. No violations were reported for this facility. No information was available on the IDEM VFC regarding the Ziker’s Cleaners site.
Erskine Wellfield
No regulated sites and two unregulated sites were identified in the Erskine WHPA. The unregulated sites were not listed in the prior Phase II WHPP, IndianaMap, and/or the IDEM VFC. Ziker’s Cleaners was noted at 420 East Ireland Avenue (Map ID ER-1) and appeared to be an active dry cleaning facility. The Erskine Park Golf Course (Map ID ER-2) was identified at 4200 Miami Road. Although not considered a significant risk to groundwater quality, golf courses routinely apply turf chemicals (e.g., fertilizers, herbicides) that could leach into the aquifer. Additionally, one refined product pipeline (Map ID ER-3) was noted on the southern portion of the WHPA (5-year capture area). Table 3-3 corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 14.
North Station Wellfield
Six unregulated and 55 regulated sites were identified in the North Station WHPA (see Table 3-4 and Exhibit 15). Of these sites, 34 were not listed in the prior Phase II WHPP, including one NPDES facility (South Bend WWTP), 19 UST facilities, 12 LUST facilities, six RCRA facilities, four Brownfields, four VRP sites, and two SCP sites (note: some sites are listed as having multiple environmental permits). Two of these sites were identified during the windshield survey and consist of automobile service garages (Map IDs N-56 and N-57) and schools, parks, or cemeteries (Map IDs N- 58 through N-62); these sites were not listed on IndianaMap or the IDEM VFC. One natural gas pipeline (Map ID N-63) was also identified on the eastern portion of the WHPA. Additional
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information concerning these sites is listed in Table 3-4 which also corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 15.
Olive Station Wellfield
Seven unregulated PSC sites and 26 regulated PSC site records were identified within the Olive WHPA. The regulated site records include 19 UST facilities (12 of which are also LUST facilities), nine RCRA generators, one VRP site, and one Superfund site (Whiteford National Lease). The locations of PSC sites are depicted in Exhibit 16 and correspond to the PSC site labels in Table 3-5.
Of these sites, the following three regulated and five unregulated sites were not included in the prior Phase II WHPP:
• AJW Distribution Center (Map ID O-1), 1902 West Sample Street, is listed in the Voluntary Remediation Program (ID# 6030105) with an ERC and as a UST/LUST site (unknown FID). During the windshield survey, this site was noted to be part of 1280 Olive Street and was operating as LCI/NFI Trucking. According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, the site historically operated as freight terminals, automobile and truck service stations, and scrap metal salvaging and warehousing. During redevelopment in 2002, petroleum products and PCB contamination was identified in the soils and groundwater at the site. Soil excavation and confirmatory soil and groundwater samples were collected at the site. Ashland Chemical Company, the responsible party, was tasked with the remediation of chlorinated solvent contamination in the groundwater. An ERC was issued for the site restricting residential use on September 23, 2009. The documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC indicated the entire UST system, comprised of 28 USTs, has been removed from the property between 2002 through 2005. Confirmatory soil and groundwater samples were collected during UST closure activities pursuant to the applicable IDEM standards. The documents reviewed also indicated that, as of 2012, contaminated groundwater was collected by the production wells and treated by the City of South Bend at the Olive Wellfield. This site was listed in the Brownfield program (BFD# 4120712) and issued a Comfort Letter dated September 18, 2012.
• LH Leasing (Map ID O-12), 2102 Davis Drive, is listed as a UST site (FID# 5308). No further information was available on the IDEM VFC and the site was not noted during the windshield survey.
• The Former Freight Terminal (Map ID O-13), 2106 Davis Drive, is listed as a UST and LUST site (FID# 24657). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this site and the associated remediation activities have been combined with the AJW Distribution site. See above for additional information concerning this property.
• Additionally, five unregulated sites were noted during the windshield survey and include two automobile/truck service centers, an industrial building (RACO), a potential former automobile service garage, and an AC Delco Auto Parts store.
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Pinhook Plant Wellfield
Five unregulated sites and 17 regulated sites were identified in the Pinhook Plant WHPA. The regulated sites include 15 UST sites (nine of which are listed as LUST sites), one SCP and NPDES site (South Bend WWTP), and one VRP site. Additionally, one natural gas pipeline (Map ID P-23) was noted on the northern and western portions of the WHPA. Table 3-6 corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 17.
Of these sites, the following 10 regulated and five unregulated sites were not included in the prior Phase II WHPP:
• The South Bend Municipal wastewater treatment plant (Map IDs P-1 and P-2) was identified as a UST/LUST site (FID# 420 and 420b) and a SCP site (ID 199807033) having an active NPDES permit.
• The St. Joseph County Highway Department (Map ID P-3), 3301 Riverside Drive, appeared to be an active automobile/truck maintenance garage during the windshield survey. This site is listed as a UST/LUST site (FID# 10364). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, the groundwater monitoring wells at the site have been abandoned and the IDEM has granted a NFA status effective February 8, 2008.
• The Indian Springs apartment complex (Map ID P-6), 2636 Trader Court, is listed as a UST facility (FID# 22714). The apartment complex was observed during the windshield survey. No spills or records of release were identified in connection with this property.
• The Sisters of the Holy Cross church (Map ID P-8) is located at the southwest corner of Douglas Road and State Road 933, and is listed as UST/LUST site (FID # 14214). According to documentation on the IDEM VFC, this site was issued a NFA status by the IDEM on August 30, 2007.
• Total Enterprises Limited (Map ID P-12), 3333 West Lathrop Drive, is listed as a VRP site (ID# 6960502). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, volatile organic compunds (VOC) contamination caused by leaking ASTs and drum storage areas was present in the soil above the Tier II level cleanup goals. After completion of remediation efforts, VOCs were not detected in the soil above the Tier II level cleanup goals and the site was subsequently issued a certificate of completion on July 23, 1997.
• The KB Express Mart #1 (Shell Service Station) (Map IDs P-14 and P-15), 110 Dixie Way North, is listed as a UST/LUST (FID#s 20018 and 11623). During the windshield survey, this site was noted to be an active retail petroleum store, Phillips 66. According to the files reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this site has been issued a NFA status by the IDEM on August 13, 2013.
• Jiffy Lube (Map ID P-16), 426 Dixie Way North, is listed as a UST site (FID# 11444). According to files reviewed on the IDEM VFC, three gasoline USTs were removed from the site in 1991. No evidence of a release was identified during the UST removal / confirmatory
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sampling activities. The site was noted to be an active Mobile Express automobile service facility during the windshield survey.
• The Meijer retail petroleum station (Map ID P-17), 52800 Portage Road, is listed as a UST site (FID 19110). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this site currently has a UST system consisting of one 15,000-gallon gasoline UST, two 12,000-gallon gasoline USTs, one 8,000-gallon diesel UST, and one 4,000-gallon kerosene UST. According to the most recent UST inspection, all five tanks passed leak detection tests. Furthermore, these tanks are constructed in accordance with the WHPA requirements 329 IAC 9-2-1.1.
• In addition to the above regulated sites, five unregulated sites were observed during the windshield survey and include: two dry cleaners, one recycling center (yard waste), and two automobile and/or truck service centers. See Table 3-6 and Exhibit 17 for additional information concerning these sites.
South Wellfield
Five unregulated sites and 13 regulated sites were identified in the South WHPA. The regulated sites include nine UST sites (two of which are listed as LUST sites), one SCP (AM General), three RCRA generators (one of which is also UST/LUST site), one VRP site (Lock Joint Tube), and one Brownfield (former landfill). Additionally, one natural gas and one refined product pipeline (Map ID S-19) were noted in the WHPA. Table 3-7 corresponds to the PSC site labels on Exhibit 14.
Of these sites, the following five regulated and five unregulated sites were not included in the prior Phase II WHPP:
• AM General ESP (Map ID S-1), 711 West Chippewa Avenue, is an active manufacturing facility listed on the SCP (ID# 29649). This site is mapped by IndianaMap as being inside the 1- and 5-year capture areas; however, according to the windshield survey and documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this facility is located just outside the WHP capture areas. The IDEM VFC did indicate, however, that the groundwater tricholoroethylene (TCE) / tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contamination plume reached the wellfield (located on the eastern adjacent property). As of 2009 (the latest documentation found on the IDEM VFC), remediation was ongoing to remove VOCs from the production well water at the South Wellfield. The SBWW utilized a granular activated carbon filtration method for this wellfield to aid in the raw water treatment.
• Baker Rubber (Map ID S-2), 700 West Chippewa Avenue is an inactive manufacturing facility listed as a UST/LUST site (FID 8950). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this site was issued a NFA status on January 12, 1999. The site was observed to be a vacant building during the windshield survey.
• Lock Joint Tube (Map ID S-8), 515 West Ireland Road, is an active manufacturing facility listed as a VRP site (ID# 6960804). According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, the site was issued a certificate of completion for the VRP program on November 16, 1999. The site was observed to be active during the windshield survey.
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• The Ireland Road Site (Map ID S-11) consists of 1.6-acres on Ireland Road, west of Michigan Street. According to documents reviewed on the IDEM VFC, this area included a former unregulated landfill that accepted various wastes including used oil and “sludge”, tires, scrap iron, potential chemical solvents, solid municipal waste, etc.. This area also included several industrial facilities mentioned in Table 3-7. Limited information concerning this study area was available on the IDEM VFC, with dates from 1990-1994. According to the most recent document found on the IDEM VFC dated November 18, 1994, a site investigation consisting of groundwater and soil sampling were proposed for the site in order to identify potential contamination from the former use of the property. No further information concerning this site investigation was available on the IDEM VFC.
• Gurley Leep Ford (Map ID S-12), 320 East Ireland Road, is an active automobile dealership sales and service facility that is located on the north and south sides of Ireland Avenue. This site is listed as a UST site (FID# 10766) and as a RCRA generator (ID# IND069765337).
• Additionally, three unregulated site were observed during the windshield survey and consisted of a Murphy retail petroleum station (under construction – August 2014), a Wal-Mart Service Center, and the Chippewa branch of the USPS.
3.4 Data Management and Tracking New Potential Sources of Contamination
PSC information is maintained by SBWW personnel and the SJCHD. In addition to the information contained in the potential source inventory tables, facility phone number, zip code, contact person, and notes on the facility (where applicable) are also included in the database. A discussion with the LPT representatives also indicate that SBWW and SJCHD intends to meet annually starting in 2015, with a focus on the PSC inventory and high risk facilities within the WHPA’s.
As part of the ongoing operations and maintenance of the wellfields, SBWW field staff may also identify facilities within the WHPA boundaries. Routine observation of existing sites and any new facilities will be added to the PSI when applicable.
Maintaining the PSI as a living document and a viable management tool requires routine data inputs, and this is done as information on various sites becomes available. Resources for such inputs may include the following:
1) Annual updates from SBWW and/or the SJCHD
2) Information from SBWW personnel (meter readers, wellfield operators, etc.) in the field
3) Review of IndianaMap (interactive GIS database available through the Indiana Geological Survey: http://www.indianamap.org/)
4) Environmental Searches
15 201400923
Table 3-1. Cleveland Wellfields
Operating Status / Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Potential Contaminants Current Use
Petroleum hydrocarbons, C-1 Garphyttan Wire Corp. 4404 Nimitz Parkway Manufacturing RCRA-CESQG Active VOCs, SVOCs, Metals
4311 North Mayflower Inactive (UST C-2 Penske Truck Leasing Co. Truck Leasing and Rental UST (Facility ID 13717) Petroleum hydrocarbons Road Removed)
North of Cleveland on C-3 Unknown Portion of Holland Inc. UST (201455) Petroleum hydrocarbons Unknown Mayflower Active (No information C-4 Indiana State Police Dist II 5301 Nimtz Parkway Maintenance Facility LUST Petroleum hydrocarbons found on VFC) RCRA-SQG (RCRA ID C-5 Bowne (RR Donnelley) 5021 Nimtz Parkway Commercial Printing VOCs Unknown INR000016766) Petroleum hydrocarbons, C-6 Holland Inc. SB 5550 West Cleveland Road Freight Hub UST (Facility ID 24867) Active Metals
City of South Bend Organic C-7 4340 Trade Drive Biosolids Landfill CO; LD Methane Active Resource Facility
C-8 Ameritech Services Inc. 4444 Ameritech Drive Telephone Company UST (Facility ID 016020) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active (UST Removed)
Active (maintenance 3825 William Richardson C-9 Old Dominion Freight Freight Hub UST (Facility ID 16500) Petroleum hydrocarbons area noted in 5-year Road capture area) 4001 William Richardson None found (noted during C-10 Cintas Uniform cleaning service VOCs Active Road windshield survey) BluDot Trailer Brake None found (noted during VOCs; Petroleum C-11 4335 Meghan Beeler Court Brake system manufacturer Active Suppliers windshield survey) hydrocarbons RCRA-SQG (RCRA ID C-12 PEI Genesis 4747 W. Cleveland Road Manufacturing VOCs Active INR000120238) RCRA-SQG (RCRA ID C-13 Schafer Gear Works 4701 Nimtz Parkway Manufacturing Petroleum hydrocarbons Active INR000107250)
16 201400923
Petroleum products, C-14 Blackthorn Golf Course 6100 Nimtz Parkway Golf Course NA vehicle fluids, fertilizers, Active pesticides NIPSCO, AMOCO and Throughout WHPA (refer One natural gas and two C-15 NA Petroleum Products Unknown Marathon to Exhibit 12) refined product pipelines
17 201400923
Table 3-2. Edison Wellfield
Potential Operating Status / Current Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Contaminants Use
Former Teamsters Local Petroleum ED-1 Verizon Wireless 2405 East Edison Road UST (Facility ID 11998) Inactive (USTs Removed) 364 hydrocarbons
Petroleum ED-2 McClure Oil Corp. #50 2304 East Edison Road Retail Petroleum UST (Facility ID 12153) Active hydrocarbons
UST and LUST (Facility ID Petroleum ED-3 Vacant Site (Jiffy Lube) 1346 North Ironwood Drive Automobile Service Inactive (USTs Removed) 15257); No Further Action hydrocarbons
Southland Corp. 7-11 Store Edison Road and Ironwood UST and LUST (Facility ID Petroleum ED-4 Retail Petroleum Inactive #24477 Drive 32898) hydrocarbons
Petroleum ED-5 US Army Reserve Center 2402 Rose Street Military UST (Facility ID 17754) Active (USTs Removed) hydrocarbons Petroleum ED-6 North Central Roofing Inc. 1118 North Logan Street Construction UST (Facility ID 30227) Inactive hydrocarbons
Lake Shore Estates and Brownfield (ID 4110606); ED-7 Willow Club Mobile Home 815 West Douglas Road Residential Metals Active / Mobile Home Park ERC (GW Use) Park
UST and LUST (Facility ID Petroleum ED-8 Speedway #5153 2150 South Bend Avenue Retail Petroleum Active 635) hydrocarbons
Petroleum ED-9 Lawson Roofing 3439 Central Avenue Construction UST (Facility ID 5153) Inactive hydrocarbons
Petroleum Inactive (USTs Removed) / ED-10 MAB Paint Store 1427 Ironwood Drive Retail Paint UST (Facility ID 21360) hydrocarbons Benjamin Moore Paint Store
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Restaurant (Former Mel's Petroleum Inactive (USTs Removed) / ED-11 Browns Chicken 1404 Ironwood Drive UST (Facility ID 017024) Equipment and Service) hydrocarbons Hair Salon
Burger King (Vacant 18007 State Road 23 (2171 UST and LUST (Facility ID Petroleum ED-12 Former Service Station Inactive (USTs Removed) Service Station Property) South Bend Avenue) 17093) hydrocarbons Amoco Oil Service Station UST and LUST (Facility ID Petroleum ED-13 17993 State Road 23 Retail Petroleum Inactive (USTs Removed) #20310 10583); No Further Action hydrocarbons
Petroleum ED-14 Tom's University Service 17995 State Road 23 Retail Petroleum UST (Facility ID 15118) Active hydrocarbons
Petroleum products, vehicle fluids, Edison Intermediate ED-15 2701 Eisenhower Avenue School NA fertilizers, pesticides, Active Center paints, cleaning chemicals
ED-16 Zikers Dry Cleaners 2330 South Bend Avenue Dry cleaning facility NA VOCs Active
RCRA SQG (RCRA Facility ID ED-17 Jin's Cleaners 1421 Ironwood Drive Dry cleaning facility VOCs Active INR000134262)
Petroleum products, Active / UST Removed in ED-18 Morris Park Country Club 2200 McKinley Avenue Golf course UST (Facility ID 017637) vehicle fluids, 1991 fertilizers, pesticides
Throughout WHPA (refer to ED-19 NIPSCO Pipeline Natural Gas Pipelines NA Petroleum products Unknown Exhibit 13)
19 201400923
Table 3-3. Erskine Wellfield
Potential Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Operating Status / Current Use Contaminants
420 East Ireland ER-1 Zikers Cleaners Dry cleaning facility NA VOCs Active Road
Petroleum products, Erskine Park Golf ER-2 4200 Miami Road Golf Course NA vehicle fluids, Active Course fertilizers, pesticides
20 201400923
Table 3-4. North Wellfield
Operating Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Potential Contaminants Status / Current Use 10 Combined Sewer Chlorine, phosphates, fluoride, N-1 South Bend WWTP Along St. Joseph River Overflows along St. NPDES ID IN0024520 Active ammonium sulfate Joseph River Yellow Cab Company of South UST and LUST (Facility ID Inactive / N-2 710 North Niles Avenue Taxi Service Petroleum hydrocarbons Bend 7414) Vacant Inactive / N-3 Madison Center 709 North Niles Avenue Unknown UST (Facility ID 22315) Petroleum hydrocarbons Vacant UST and LUST (Facility ID 17284); State Cleanup Petroleum hydrocarbons; N-4 Memorial Hospital 615 North Michigan Street Hospital Active Program ID 200203125 Biohazardous materials and 200611010
South Bend Community Ignitable hazardous wastes N-5 635 South Main Street School system RCRA ID IND074307216 Active Schools Educational Center (one time generator)
South Bend Medical RCRA SQG ID N-6 530 North Lafayette Boulevard Medical Center VOCs and metals Active Foundation IND064702889 South Bend Avenue and East N-7 South Bend Fredrickson Park Park / Former Landfill Brownfield ID 4980047 Methane, VOCs, metals Active Hammond N-8 PTL Enterprises 514 North Williams Street Unknown UST (Facility ID 18132) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive UST and LUST (Facility ID N-9 Vacant Building 332 North Michigan Street NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive 18932) Inactive / N-10 Rose Fuel & Materials 513 East Madison Unknown UST (Facility ID 8079) Petroleum hydrocarbons Commercial Building N-11 City Food Mart 301 North Lafayette Street Retail petroleum UST (Facility ID 22419) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
N-12 Hometown Finance Company 436 Lincolnway West Unknown UST (Facility ID 17280) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive
Former retail Petroleum hydrocarbons, Inactive / N-13 White Lighting Site 520 and 522 Lincoln Way West petroleum, machine Brownfield ID 4020007 metals, VOCs Vacant shop, and dry cleaner
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South Bend Heritage Unknown (no records found on Inactive / N-14 525 Lincoln Way West Unknown SCP ID 200110029 Foundation VFC) Vacant UST and LUST (Facility ID N-15 Virk Mart 705 Lincoln Way West Retail petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 19043) 222 and 223 North Lafayette and UST and LUST (Facility ID N-16 South Bend Tribune Corp. Newspaper printing Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 225 West Colfax Avenue 22268 and 11334) UST and LUST (Facility ID N-17 7-11 Store 32573 501 East Lasalle Retail petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 19236) UST and LUST (Facility ID Inactive / N-18 Babcock Marathon 101 North Lafayette Road Retail petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons 2563) Vacant Lot Petroleum hydrocarbons, Active / N-19 PTL Tire and Auto 135 North Lafayette Automobile Service RCRA ID IND984899195 vehicle fluids, VOCs Goodyear 211 and 213 West Washington Inactive / N-20 MCI SOBNIN Telephone Service UST (Facility ID 17819) Petroleum hydrocarbons Street Chase Bank American Bank and Trust N-21 101 North Michigan Street Retail businesses Brownfield ID 4070511 Asbestos, unknown Inactive Building N-22 Schwander & Co. 115 South Lafayette Unknown UST (Facility ID 16425) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Former Retail N-23 529 Colfax Gas Station 529 East Colfax Avenue Brownfield ID 4070459 Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Petroleum UST and LUST (Facility ID N-24 East Race Automotive 604 East Colfax Avenue Automobile Service 18443); SCP ID Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 200802231 UST and LUST (Facility ID N-25 St. Joseph's Medical Center 811 East Lasalle Avenue Medical Center Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 14508) UST and LUST (Facility ID N-26 Murray Herman Property 511 Eddy Street Unknown Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive 19115) N-27 Corby Fabric Care Center 1015 Corby Boulevard Dry cleaning facility RCRA ID IND981775604 VOCs Active UST and LUST (Facility ID Inactive / N-28 Amoco SS 00250 1102 South Bend Avenue Retail petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons 15574) Vacant Lot
Petroleum products, N-29 Indiana University South Bend 1234 North Notre Dame Avenue College UST (Facility ID 19160) pesticides, herbicides, paints, Active cleaning chemicals
Southeast corner of Edison and College Coal Fired N-30 Notre Dame Coal Ash Site VRP ID 6000708 Metals Inactive Eddy Streets Power Plant
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UST and LUST (Facility ID Inactive / Seven Eleven Food Store N-31 323 North Eddy Street Retail petroleum 15147); RCRA ID Petroleum hydrocarbons Subway 21387 IND984896068 Restaurant Active / N-32 B&F Standard Service Inc. 831 East Colfax Avenue Retail petroleum UST (Facility ID 15294) Petroleum hydrocarbons Marathon Former Retail N-33 Niles Washington Associates 105 North Niles Avenue SCP ID 199702121 Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Petroleum Northern Electric Company N-34 116 North Hill Street Manufacturing RCRA ID IND053663431 VOCs, metals Active Inc. N-35 Environmental Health Labs 110 South Hill Street Laboratory Service RCRA ID IND985103456 VOCs, metals Active SCP ID 201225653; RCRA N-36 Rubin Dry Cleaners 625 Jefferson Boulevard Drycleaning Service Chlorinated Solvents Active ID IND016632713 N-37 Howard Park Ice Rink Center 219 South St. Louis Boulevard Recreational Facility UST (Facility ID 12830) Petroleum products Active South Bend Manufactured N-38 320 East Jefferson Boulevard Former MGP VRP ID6040708 Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Gas Plant Petroleum hydrocarbons, N-39 City of South Bend 227 Jefferson Boulevard Vehicle maintenance RCRA ID 000006931326 Active vehicle fluids, VOCs Inactive / N-40 Health Quest Realty Corp. 315 West Jefferson Boulevard Unknown UST (Facility ID 15181) Petroleum hydrocarbons Jefferson Place Apartments N-41 Vacant Apartments 332 West Jefferson Boulevard Unknown Brownfield ID 4070803 Asbestos, unknown Inactive Construction Petroleum hydrocarbons, N-42 Herman & Goetz Inc. 225 South Lafayette UST (Facility ID 17095) Active equipment service VOCs, metals N-43 Gates Toyota 406 Wayne Street Automobile Service UST (Facility ID 10254) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Community Wide EPA South N-44 Community Wide NA Brownfield ID4070618 NA NA Bend City 2007 UST and LUST (Facility ID Gates Chevrolet Corp. 333 Western Avenue and 401 N-45 Automobile Service 16396); RCRA ID Petroleum hydrocarbons Active (Service) South Lafayette Boulevard IND006939805 N-46 Ashland Oil Co. 405 Western Avenue Industrial UST (Facility ID 1349) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive UST and LUST (Facility ID N-47 Harmon Glass Co. 502 West Western Avenue Manufacturing Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive 13379) UST and LUST (Facility ID N-48 AT&T 222 South Scott Street Telephone Service Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 18190) UST and LUST (Facility ID N-49 Vacant Property 202 South Chapin Street NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive 19565)
23 201400923
Inactive / Former Salvation Army N-50 Oliver Plow Works 533 South Chapin Street VRP ID 6001202 VOCs, Metals Manufacturing Community Center VOCs, metals, petroleum N-51 Ivy Tower Corp. 600 United Drive Former industrial land VRP ID 6030904 Inactive hydrocarbons Former Studebaker UST and LUST (Facility ID N-52 Old Studebaker 520 South Lafayette Boulevard Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Museum 24951) Inactive / N-53 Firestone Store 502 South Michigan Street Automobile Service UST (Facility ID 1986) Petroleum hydrocarbons Vacant Building N-54 3 Bay Station 534 South Michigan Street Automobile Service UST (Facility ID 15436) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive UST and LUST (Facility ID N-55 South Bend VMF 424 South Michigan Street Post Office Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 6914) Northeast corner of Colfax N-56 LaSalle Body Shop Automobile Service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Avenue and Niles Avenue South Bend Avenue and Hill N-57 Automobile Service Garage Automobile Service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Street Vehicle fluids, petroleum N-58 Leeper Park North Lafayette Boulevard Park NA Active products, fertilizers, pesticides Vehicle fluids, petroleum N-59 St. Patrick Parochial School 308 South Scott Street School NA Active products, fertilizers, pesticides Vehicle fluids, petroleum N-60 Perley School 740 North Eddy Street School NA Active products, fertilizers, pesticides Vehicle fluids, petroleum N-61 Coquillard Park Campeau Street Park NA Active products, fertilizers, pesticides Vehicle fluids, petroleum N-62 Cedar Grove Cemetery North Notre Dame Avenue Cemetery NA Active products, fertilizers, pesticides
N-63 NIPSCO Eastern portion of WHPA (5-year) Natural gas pipeline NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Unknown
24 201400923
Table 3-5. Olive Wellfield
Map Operating Status / Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Potential Contaminants ID Current Use
Former VRP (ID No. 6030105); ERC Chlorinated Solvents, Active / LCI and NFI O-1 AJW Distribution Center 1902 West Sample Street warehouse/manufacturing; (Property Use); LUST (FID - Petroleum hydrocarbons Trucking Facility Industrial Unknown)
O-2 Vitran Express 1130 South Olive Street Industrial UST (FID 8593) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive
Roadway Express 1415 South Olive Street LUST (FIDs 16865 and O-3 Trucking Facility; Industrial Petroleum hydrocarbons Active / YRC Trucking Incorporated 1205 South Olive Street 8210)
O-4 South Bend Motor Freight 1220 South Olive Street Trucking Facility; Industrial UST (FID 5316) Petroleum hydrocarbons Unknown / No visual
O-5 L.H. Leasing Corporation 1200 South Olive Street Industrial LUST (FID 17831) Petroleum hydrocarbons Unknown / No visual
O-6 Raitt Corp. 1311 South Olive Street Industrial LUST (FID 8329) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active / NES Rentals
2722 West Tucker Drive LUST (FID 319); RCRA O-7 Steel Warehouse Co., Inc. Manufacturing facility; Industrial Generator (ID IND Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 2730 West Tucker Drive 005441381) Industrial Metal Fab RCRA Generator (ID O-8 2806 West Sample Street Manufacturing; Industrial Metals, VOCs Active Incorporated IND984875286) RCRA Generator (ID O-9 Shapiro Metal Sales 2920 West Sample Street Industrial Metals, VOCs Inactive IND982212425) Petroleum hydrocarbons, Inactive / Part of LCI O-10 Whiteford National Lease 2020 West Sample Street Industrial Superfund (ID 7500045) metals Property
UST; (FID 5314); RCRA Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Inactive / Part of LCI O-11 OK Trucking 2120 Davis Drive Trucking Facility; Industrial Generator (IND984898650 VOCs, SVOCs, Metals Property and IND005441381)
Inactive / Part of LCI O-12 LH Leasing 2102 Davis Drive Industrial UST (FID 5308) Petroleum hydrocarbons Property
25 201400923
Inactive / Part of LCI O-13 Former Freight Terminal 2106 Davis Drive Industrial LUST (UST ID 24657) Petroleum hydrocarbons Property Aluminum Company of Active / KAK O-14 1507 South Olive Street Manufacturing facility; Industrial UST (UST ID 5942) Petroleum hydrocarbons America Building Products Warehouse
O-15 Nelson Fuel Inc. 1511 South Olive Street Gas Station LUST (UST ID 6209) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
Molding Products Division Manufacturing Facility; RCRA Generator (ID No. O-16 1545 South Olive Street Hazardous Waste Active Interplastics Corporation Industrial IND088738620) 1530 South Olive Street LUST (UST ID 5913 and O-17 Conway Central Express Railyard Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 1511 South Pulaski 5307) Contech Construction RCRA Generator (ID No. Ignitable hazardous O-18 Products Inc. / Timken 3202 West Sample Street Industrial Inactive / Vacant IND985055037) wastes Corp. Koontz-Wagner Electric Co. RCRA ID IN0002390813 and Petroleum hydrocarbons, Active / South Bend O-19 Inc. / Colbert Packaging 3300 West Sample Street Industrial IND005070750 VOCs, SVOCs, Metals Chocolate Co. Corp. UST and LUST (Facility ID Inactive / O-20 Enterprise Center 3300 West Sample Street Rental Facility Petroleum hydrocarbons 15906) Commercial Offices UST ID 11229; RCRA ID Ignitable hazardous O-21 Dynec Inc. 3502 West Sample Street Industrial Active / Thermolite IND078917317 wastes Churchill Truck Lines O-22 2117 Davis Drive Industrial UST (UST ID 5313) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Incorporated UST and LUST (Facility ID Active / Jupiter O-23 Mercury Stainless 3602 West Sample Street Industrial Petroleum hydrocarbons 20215) Aluminum Former Marathon Station UST and LUST (Facility ID O-24 3605 West Sample Street Retail Petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons Active #1448 19397)
Ashland Chemical Company RCRA Generator (ID No. O-25 1817 West Indiana Avenue Industrial VOCs and Metals Inactive / Nexeo Solutions IND 016621476)
UST and LUST (Facility ID O-26 Deli Express 2334 Prairie Avenue Retail Petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 12327)
O-27 Floyd's Body Shop 3119 West Sample Street Automobile service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
O-28 RACO 3702 West Sample Street Industrial NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
26 201400923
Olive Street and Indiana Potentially a former automobile Unknown / Drums O-29 Unknown NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Avenue service shop noted on grass
O-30 Belle Way Truck Service 1705 South Olive Street Trucking Facility; Industrial NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
O-31 Bill's Body Shop 1818 South Olive Street Automobile service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
O-32 ASAP Towing Co. 2010 South Olive Street Wrecker service / salvage NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
Petroleum hydrocarbons, O-33 AC Delco Auto Parts Olive Street Auto parts / recycling NA Active metals
27 201400923
Table 3-6. Pinhook Wellfield
Potential Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Operating Status Contaminants
South Bend Municipal Waste Chlorine, phosphates, Water Treatment Plant / 4 Locations along St. NPDES ID IN0024520 P-1 Sewer Outfall into St. Joseph River fluoride, ammonium Active South Bend Combined Sewer Joseph River and INM024520 sulfate System
UST, LUST (Facility ID Chlorine, phosphates, South Bend Waste Water P-2 Riverside and Cleveland Waste Water Treatment Plant 420 and 420b); SCP ID fluoride, ammonium Active Treatment Plant 199807033 sulfate UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum P-3 St. Joseph County Highway 3301 Riverside Drive Highway Department Active 10364) hydrocarbons
Petroleum P-4 Corpus Christi Parish 2817 Corpus Christi Drive Church UST (Facility ID 22172) Active hydrocarbons
Retail Petroleum / Service Station UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum Active / J&S Service P-5 J&S Dairy Mart #22 3301 Portage Avenue (two buildings) 18402 and 18066) hydrocarbons Center and P66
Petroleum P-6 Indian Springs Apartments 2636 Trader Court Apartment Complex UST (Facility ID 22714) Active hydrocarbons
UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum Active / Indiana- P-7 South Bend Service Center 2929 Lathrop Drive Automobile Service 15295) hydrocarbons Michigan Power Co.
UST, LUST (Facility ID Douglas and State Road Petroleum P-8 Sisters of the Holy Cross Church 14214) NFA Active 933 hydrocarbons 08/30/2007 Ryder Truck Rental South UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum P-9 2715 North Bendix Drive Rental Service Active Bend 8021) hydrocarbons
UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum P-10 South Bend Schools 3003 North Bendix Drive Vehicle Maintenance Active 18653) hydrocarbons
28 201400923
Lyle Thompson USARC UST, LUST (Facility ID Petroleum P-11 3401 Boland Drive Army Reserve Center Active (AMSA) 24210) hydrocarbons
Inactive / Vacant P-12 Total Enterprises Limited 3333 West Lathrop Drive Former industrial VRP ID 6960502 Unknown building
Petroleum P-13 McCormick & Company Inc. 3425 West Lathrop Drive Industrial UST (Facility ID 10891) Active hydrocarbons
UST and LUST (Facility Petroleum P-14 KB Express Mart #1 110 Dixie Way South Retail Petroleum ID 20018) hydrocarbons Active / P66 Petroleum P-15 Shell Service Station 110 Dixie Way North Retail Petroleum UST (Facility ID 11623) hydrocarbons
Petroleum Active / Mobil P-16 Jiffy Lube 426 Dixieway North Automobile Service UST (Facility ID 11444) hydrocarbons Express
Petroleum P-17 Meijer 120 52800 Portage Road Retail Petroleum UST (Facility ID 19110) Active hydrocarbons Petroleum P-18 Tom's Car Care Center 3201 Sugar Maple Drive Automobile Service NA Active hydrocarbons Petroleum P-19 Carrier Trucking 3201 Bendix Drive Freight Terminal NA Active hydrocarbons P-20 Ziker's Cleaners 207 Dixie Way South Dry cleaning service NA VOCs Active Council Oak Laundry and P-21 3324 Portage Avenue Dry cleaning service NA VOCs Active Cleaners Bendix Drive and Lathrop Methane, pesticides, P-22 CAR Recycling Solid Waste Landfill NA Active Drive herbicides, etc. Northern and western Petroleum P-23 NIPSCO Natural gas pipeline NA Unknown portions of WHPA hydrocarbons
29 201400923
Table 3-7. South Wellfield
Map ID Name Location Site Description Environmental Permits Potential Contaminants Operating Status
711 West Chippewa Petroleum hydrocarbons, S-1 AM General ESP Industrial State Cleanup Program (ID 29649) Active Avenue metals, VOCs
700 West Chippewa S-2 Baker Rubber Inc. Industrial UST and LUST (Facility ID 8950) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Avenue
Praxair Distribution S-3 3607 South Main Street Industrial UST (Facility ID 11742) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Corp. ARA Services of South S-4 3625 South Main Street Health Services UST (Facility ID 9206) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive Bend Interstate Glass S-5 3801 South Main Street Industrial UST (Facility ID 12648) Petroleum hydrocarbons Inactive / Church Company Inc. 4111 South Michigan S-6 CB Optical Vision Center UST (Facility ID 14357) Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Street 4315 South Lafayette S-7 Heraeus Kulzer Inc. Industrial RCRA (Facility ID IND094559630) VOCs Active Boulevard
Voluntary Remediation Program Petroleum hydrocarbons, S-8 Lock Joint Tube 515 West Ireland Road Industrial Active (ID 6960804) metals, VOCs
Instant Lube Inc. / Mel's 4425 South Michigan Active (USTs S-9 Automobile Service UST (Facility ID 12213) Petroleum hydrocarbons Equipment and Service Street Removed) / Jiffy Lube
Wiegand Amoco 1 / UST and LUST (Facility ID 16564); Former Retail S-10 University Marathon 111 East Ireland Road No Further Action RCRA (Facility Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Petroleum South ID IND984897405)
1.6-acres on Ireland Road Brownfield; ERC (GW and Soils); Inactive / Developed S-11 Ireland Road Study Former Landfill Metals, PAHs west of Michigan Street Comfort Letter Commerical
30 201400923
Automobile RCRA (Facility ID IND069765337); Petroleum hydrocarbons; S-12 Gurley Leep Ford Inc. 320 East Ireland Road Active Dealership UST (Facility ID 10766) Metals
4640 South Michigan Inactive / Vacant S-13 K-Mart Store 4039 Retail Petroleum UST (Facility ID 17111) Petroleum hydrocarbons Street Building Near 700 West Ireland Under construction S-14 Murphy Gas Station Retail Petroleum NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Road (new)
S-15 Wal-Mart Service Center 700 West Ireland Road Automobile Service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active
S-16 USPS - Chippewa 4015 South Main Street Postal Office NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active 4005 South Michigan S-17 Discount Tire Automobile Service NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Street 3811 South Michigan Automobile Sales and S-18 R&B Car Company NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Active Street Service One natural gas and NIPSCO and ARCO Pipe S-19 Throughout WHPA one refined product NA Petroleum hydrocarbons Unknown Line Co. pipeline
31 201400923
SECTION 4 POTENTIAL SOURCE MANAGEMENT
The provision of the Indiana Wellhead Protection rule that requires implementation of protection activities within a WHPA is termed “Potential Source Management.” This activity, required under 327 IAC 8-4.1-8(4), is accomplished in two phases. Phase I is a description of the strategy the CPWSS will undertake to protect the water supply from identified and future potential sources of contamination. Phase II will describe what management activities were implemented to ensure protection of the wellfield.
SBWW will manage the PSI, but will also rely upon assistance from the LPT to review future development in the WHPAs. SBWW either owns the property rights to the land within the wellfields, or controls the property via easement, and therefore, holds direct management capabilities for the wellfields. The developed area in the remainder of the WHPAs outside of the SBWW property boundary is almost entirely residential and commercial land use. It is unlikely expansive development opportunities will be attempted in the future due to the existing development and land use in the area.
4.1 Well Isolation Area Management (Sanitary Setback Area)
In 1999, the Water Pollution Control Board established rules for public water supply well construction (327 IAC 8-3.4). These rules require a sanitary setback area (well isolation area) of 100 feet surrounding any production well, if the well is subjected to disinfection treatment prior to distribution, or if the production aquifer is adequately protected by natural barriers. SBWW well sites are surrounded by a 100 foot radius controlled by direct land ownership or easement, and are all subject to disinfection prior to distribution.
All SBWW wells have been installed following approval by IDEM or IDEM’s predecessor, the Indiana State Board of Health, and therefore, meet the construction standards set forth in 327 IAC 8-3.4. The mixing and storage of any chemical, except those required for operation, treatment, or maintenance of the wells are prohibited within the well isolation areas. No sanitary or storm water sewers are permitted within 50 feet of any well. No roads or parking areas are permitted within 50 feet of any well except for those necessary for well access. All wells possess adequate security measures to prevent the unauthorized access or tampering with wells, pumping equipment, controls, and power feed. There are no major transportation routes within the well isolation areas, only minor arterial streets and access drives to the wells. Management of the well isolation areas (or at least the immediate area surrounding the wells) has proved adequate during the Phase I and Phase II implementation period.
4.2 Wellhead Protection Area Management
4.2.1 General Management and Monitoring Measures for Existing and Future Potential Sources of Contamination
City and County ordinances have appointed the St. Joseph County Health Department (SJCHD) to manage and monitor the PSCs. All facilities that meet or exceed base quantities of hazardous chemicals or petroleum substances are regulated through a permitting and inspection process.
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The SJCHD approach to Wellhead Protection is one of engagement and education, with a goal of cooperation and compliance. It attempts to work together with PSCs to protect the environment and groundwater. The program focuses on groundwater contamination prevention rather than remediation.
After an initial review of a Wellhead Permit application, the SJCHD conducts a thorough site inspection, and works with businesses to develop ways, if appropriate, to manage potential threats to the groundwater. After a permit is issued, the SJCHD conducts routine inspections to identify and correct inappropriate operating and maintenance practices or inadequate record keeping. A copy of the SJCHD Wellhead Protection Permit Application is provided in Appendix 3.
The PSCs are managed through routine inspections by the SJCHD, letters to the PSC property owners, informational materials, and presentations. Failure to comply with the requirements of the ordinances by a PSC property may result in legal action and penalties. Additionally, the SBWW and SJCHD have agreed to meet annually to review and update the PSI with an emphasis on high risk facilities.
Section 3 includes the PSI for each of the wellfields in tabular form. Each PSC site is given a unique label that is cross-referenced and plotted on a corresponding wellfield aerial map. Copies of the maps are provided as Exhibits 11 through 17.
Additional Phase II implementation management measures as performed by the SBWW are discussed below.
Public Education
The SJCHD has conducted several outreach efforts since the Phase I Wellhead Protection Plan implementation in 2000. In addition to these outreach efforts, SBWW also publishes consumer confidence reports, available on the SBWW website at www.southbendin.gov. A copy of the 2013 Consumer Confidence Report is provided as Appendix 3. Additionally, public involvement is encouraged via utility service board meetings, and meeting schedules are available on the SBWW website and provided as Appendix 3.
Furthermore, a brochure describing the Wellhead Protection Program was developed and distributed throughout the community. See Appendix 3 for a copy of the Wellhead Protection Brochure.
SBWW will continue to coordinate with the SJCHD for further opportunities regarding public and business education within the South Bend Wellhead Protection Area.
4.2.2 Well Compliance with Construction and Permit Requirements
All of the production wells in the SBWW wellfields were installed to meet state construction and permit requirements. Upon review of the SBWW records, it was determined that the existing wells within the South Bend Wellfields have been installed in accordance with applicable regulations and standards in effect at the time.
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The SBWW wells are subject to automatic disinfection and meet the provision of 327 IAC 8-2-8.6. According to 327 IAC 8-2-3.4-9(2), the radius creating the sanitary setback shall be 100-feet for a well that will be subject to automatic disinfection treatment meeting the provisions of 327 IAC 8-2-8.6 prior to entering the distribution system. The SBWW has determined that a 100-foot radius is an appropriate distance for its sanitary setbacks. This also applies to any new wells that may be constructed.
4.2.3 Monitoring for Contaminants Associated with Identified Potential Sources of Contamination
SBWW routinely collects groundwater samples for analysis of raw water quality for general chemistry parameters. Routine sampling of finished water is completed according to the Standardized Monitoring Framework, as issued by the IDEM Drinking Water Branch. The samples are analyzed for parameters such as pH, coliform, nitrates, etc.; and, due to the industrial activities in several of the wellfields, additional testing for parameters such as VOCs and SVOCs are conducted. See Appendix 3 for the South Bend 2013 Water Quality Report.
An evaluation was conducted of the PSCs within the Wellhead Protection Areas, which considered the locations and types of these potential sources as well as the hydrogeologic characteristics of the Wellhead Protection Areas (refer to the Wellhead Delineation Report by Peerless-Midwest, Inc. 2008). Based upon this evaluation, SBWW believes its current monitoring practices are sufficient to detect any future contamination. SBWW will continue to routinely update its PSC inventory and revise monitoring practices accordingly.
4.2.4 Methods or Procedures for Maintaining and Updating Records for Potential Sources of Contamination
SBWW maintains information on all identified PSCs in the WHPAs (see Section 3). Updates to this database will continue to be completed as new information becomes available based on newly identified potential sources (i.e., site approval per Wellfield Protection Zoning Ordinance) and SBWW staff reconnaissance.
Updating PSC records is conducted on an as-needed basis by the SJCHD and communicated to the SBWW. During Phase II update activities, the SBWW updates the PSC inventory through windshield surveys and state and federal database searches. These activities are performed via collaboration between the SBWW and their management plan consultant.
Windshield surveys were conducted on August 20th and 21st, 2014. Additionally, searches of federal and state databases for registered sources of contamination were performed.
The SJCHD issues and tracks changes in permits, conducts site inspections, along with other wellhead monitoring activities. Several forms, documents, and guidelines are utilized for this effort including:
• Wellhead Protection Permit Application
o collects information about the applicant
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o activities conducted at the property
o environmental permits and/or registrations for the property
o history of spills at the property
o any known contamination and/or groundwater monitoring activities
o hazardous waste generation or clean-up program involvement at the property • Wellhead Protection Transfer Form
o ensures that the new permit holder fully understands and agrees to the permit conditions, restrictions, and obligations
• Wellhead Protection Permit Inspection Report
o used by the SJCHD for on-site inspections to verify provided information, additional potential contaminants, if any, and any violations observed
• Wellhead Permit Guide
o details how to obtain a Wellhead Protection Permit
o includes a series of questions for the property owner to determine applicability • Wellhead Protection Fee Structure
o lists any fees associated with Wellhead Protection Permit Applications and any other costs
• Wellhead Abandonment Log
o collects information regarding the abandonment of wells and includes sealant methods, location, date, and closure method.
• Wellhead Protection Permitting and Inspection Program
o gives an overview of the WHPP
o details how permits are used to protect the WHPA groundwater
o details how inspections are conducted to assess any potential threats to the groundwater
4.2.5 Identification of Abandoned Wells
The SJCHD enforces the county’s Well Drilling and Water Supply Systems Ordinance. The ordinance requires a permit to abandon a well, abandonment oversight by a licensed water well
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driller, and a completed water well abandonment log submitted to the SJCHD. The SJCHD maintains the abandonment logs for inspection by the SBWW and other interested parties. A copy of the ordinance is provided in Appendix 4.
4.2.6 Pesticide Management
The Office of the Indiana State Chemist (OISC) is the only entity that can regulate pesticides in Indiana. However, the Health Department requires all entities storing or handling pesticides in reportable quantities (100 gallons or less, depending on the substance) to obtain a Wellhead Protection permit if the operation is located within a Wellhead Protection Area. Such facilities are inspected during the permitting procedure and are subject to subsequent inspections.
Additionally, in compliance with state code and as a matter of established practice and policy, the SBWW does not store or mix pesticides or other chemicals (other than those used in the treatment of drinking water) within the 100-foot sanitary setback of any of its wells.
4.2.7 Notification of Property Owners, Mineral Owners, and Leaseholders of Record
SBWW has provided notification, required as part of the wellhead protection rule, to property owners, mineral owners, and leaseholders of record that exist within the delineated wellhead protection area. This criterion was met by publishing public notices regarding the WHPA’s and information on where to access the wellhead protection plan.
4.2.8 Access to Wellhead Protection Plan
The City of South Bend Water Works Wellhead Protection Plan has been made available to owners and operators of identified potential sources of contamination through a variety of outlets.
The Health Department notifies owners and operators of their presence in a Wellhead Protection Area though a direct mailing. The notification includes information about wellhead protection and the importance of preventing contamination of wells.
The Water Works annual Consumer Confidence Report, which is sent to all customers, references the Wellhead Protection Program and provides contact information for customers who would like more information.
The Wellhead Protection Plan is on file with the SBWW, as listed below.
City of South Bend Utilities North Station Filtration Plant 830 North Michigan Street South Bend, Indiana 46601
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4.2.9 Posting of Wellhead Protection Area Signs at Perimeter of WHPA
The Wellhead Protection Rule 327 IAC 8-4.1-8(4)(B)(x) states all public water systems must post “signs along major thoroughfares at the perimeter of the WHPA” to designate the boundaries of the WHPA. Due to Homeland Security issues, such signs are no longer required by IDEM.
4.2.10 Other Management Measures
Water Treatment
In order to provide additional protection to customers, all raw water supply is treated prior to distribution. The water treatment process is variable for each wellfield, and includes the following:
Disinfection
All facilities utilize chloramines, chlorine gas, or hypochlorite for disinfection, to eliminate microbial bacteria and viruses prior to distribution. Residual disinfectant levels entering the distribution system meet the requirements as specified in 327 IAC 8-2-8.6 and subsequent rules for ranges of disinfectant levels.
Filtration
The SBWW treatment also employs filtration methods prior to distribution. The filtration process is variable due to the number of wellfields (e.g. gravity and/or pressure filtration). Granular activated carbon is used in the filtration process at the South and Olive wellfiels.
Water treatment is discussed in this plan due to the uncertain nature of groundwater conditions, as SBWW believes treatment serves as an additional line of defense to prevent contamination from reaching consumers. However, SBWW firmly supports the prevention-oriented approach to eliminating possible contamination, as outlined in this plan.
Ordinances An ordinance governing wellheads was adopted by the St. Joseph County Council in 1998 and later was adopted by the City of South Bend to be administered by the SJCHD. A copy of the South Bend City Wellhead Ordinance 2002 is provided in Appendix 4.
Additionally, St. Joseph County adopted the Well Drilling and Water Supply Systems Ordinance in 2005, provided in Appendix 4.
Class V Injection Wells A Class V injection well project was completed by SBWW in 2003 in order to identify Class V injection wells within the city. This is a well that places non-hazardous fluids directly below the surface and is typically wider than it is deep. Large capacity septic systems are an example of this type of well.
Due to the number of Class V injection wells in the city, SBWW limited the project to identifying all Class V wells within the 5-year capture zones within each of the South Bend’s wellfields. Over 1,900 Class V injection wells were identified during this project, with the majority of the wells
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utilized for parking lot drainage. Additionally, eight potential automotive waste disposal wells were identified.
No large capacity cesspools or septic systems were identified as part of the 2003 project. An investigation was conducted of 169 Class V injection wells formerly identified within the city by the US EPA. A copy of 2003 Class V Injection Well Project Summary is provided in Appendix 4.
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SECTION 5 CONTINGENCY PLANNING
5.1 Basis for Planning
This plan is prepared to meet the requirements as set forth in 327 IAC 8-4.1-8(5) to ensure safe drinking water is available in emergency conditions. The underlying concept in the contingency plan is based on the availability of a constant supply of water from eight interconnected wellfields.
5.2 Contingency Measures
The following plan outlines specific measures implemented in conformance with the requirements listed in 327 IAC 8-4.1-8(5)
5.2.1 Local Responder Training
The SBFD responds to all hazardous material spills within the City of South Bend and surrounding locations within WHPAs. SBWW has provided new information regarding WHPAs as it comes available. With the SBFD included on the LPT, local responder training performed by SBWW or SBFD will include WHPA activities.
Training activities planned include: the importance of Wellhead Protection, SBWW system and wellhead information, locations of WHPAs, and the importance of notification of SBWW personnel and other key official/community personnel of any emergency occurring within the WHPAs.
A mock exercise was performed in South Bend in March 2012 simulating a response to chemical spill. Multiple agencies including SBWW and SBFD representatives were present for the exercise. Information regarding this exercise is included in Appendix 5.
Additionally, SBWW was among the founders of the Indiana Water/Wastewater Agency Response Network (InWARN), a mutual-aid program designed to manage major emergencies and streamline response time. InWARN was launched in August 2007 and serves as a proactive partnership to provide immediate emergency response and protect the well-being of Indiana residents. This program consists of a system of public and private utilities, a steering committee, a web-based communication system, and a practical mutual-aid agreement. The program calls for the allocation of utility personnel with the appropriate expertise, equipment, and tools necessary to assess and assist in returning affected water and/or wastewater systems online as quickly as possible.
5.2.2 Emergency Responses to Leaks, Spills, or Illegal Discharges
A leak, spill, or illegal discharge within the WHPA generally will not mandate an immediate cessation of water production from the wellfield. The wellfield supervisor will be contacted and will coordinate with the SBWW staff to determine the appropriate action to take, both immediately and more long term. SBWW will periodically facilitate training exercises to ensure familiarity with the response activities of all engaged personnel and to identify methods that can better the efficiency of the response coordination.
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Detailed emergency action steps are outlined in the South Bend Emergency – Disaster Contingency Plan (see Appendix 5). These steps will be reviewed in future training exercises performed by SBWW and/or SBFD.
5.2.3 List of Information Provided to Local Responders
In addition to the materials noted above in Section 5.2.1, the SBWW has provided updated contact information to responders. A PowerPoint presentation, “WHP Presentation”, has been developed for use in training the local emergency responders. A copy of this PowerPoint presentation is provided in Appendix 5.
Location of Wellhead Protection Area Boundary The WHPA boundaries were provided to the following agencies.
. St. Joseph County LPT Members . St. Joseph County Health Department . South Bend Fire Department
The information in Table 5-2 was also provided to local responders and posted at the SBWW treatment plants. Table 5-2 Emergency Contact Phone Numbers Contact Phone Number John Wiltrout (SBWW) (574) 235-5670 Ed Herman (SBWW) (574) 245-6108 IDEM Office of Emergency Response (888) 233-7745 National Response Center (800) 424-8802 Indiana State Police (317) 232-8250 Fire/Police Departments 911 South Bend Police Department (574) 235-9201 St. Joseph County Health Department (574) 245-6711
5.2.4 Identification and Description of Alternative Sources of Water
SBWW operates and maintains eight different sources of raw water supply, as well as multiple water towers and ground storage tanks. SBWW maintains in-system storage capable of supplying system demand and pressure during emergency events. An informal reciprocal agreement exists between the SBWW and the City of Mishawaka to share water if one city’s water is unavailable. Additionally, the South Bend area can obtain bottled water supplies on an emergency basis from multiple local water bottlers and local retailers.
5.2.5 Notification of Critical Water Users
SBWW considers all customers to be critical water users; therefore, notification of a water quality or supply emergency will be extended to all customers. SBWW maintains a
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communication plan with the local television, radio, and print media to widely advertise of a water quality or supply emergency (Table 5-3). Information relayed to the public will include nature and extent of water quality problem, limits for use of contaminated water (e.g., boil water advisory), and locations for obtaining temporary water supplies.
Table 5-3 News Media Contacts WETL 574-283-8432 WGTC/WHME 574-291-8200 WHLY 574-251-1620 Radio WGTO/WUBU 269-752-5106 WNDV 765-273-9300 WNSN/WSBT 574-233-3141 WBND 574-243-4316 WNDU 574-284-3016 WSBT – News 574-233-3141 Television WSBT – Breaking News 574-247-6397 WSJV 574-679-4545 WHME 574-291-8200 WNIT 574-675-9648 South Bend Tribune 574-235-6161 Newspaper TriCounty News 574-243-4664 Cable Access Comcast Cable 574-243-4321
5.2.6 Procedures to Follow in an Emergency and Availability of the Complete Contingency Plan
The SBWW Emergency Contingency - Disaster Plan was updated in 2014 and a portion is provided as Appendix 5. The complete plan is available at the North Station Filtration Plant located at 830 North Michigan Street, South Bend, Indiana. Additionally, an emergency telephone list is posted at the operators desk in the plant to assist in a quick response upon an emergency.
Action will be taken in response to two general response scenarios: actual (confirmed) contamination or potential contamination of groundwater supply.
Confirmed Contamination
Immediate action will be taken to cease all operation of the well(s) or wellfield until extent of contamination has been determined and the long-term effects to the well(s) or wellfield and health risk to the customers has been determined. The determination will be made by taking the well(s) or wellfield off line and monitoring water quality to determine if the contaminants pose a public health threat. The raw water quality will be sampled and analyzed to determine the contents and assess the health risks. Frequent water quality monitoring will be performed following the confirmation of contamination, and a trend analyses will be performed to
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determine the extended effects of the contaminants on the local groundwater. If a well is contaminated beyond public health contaminant criteria and cannot be effectively treated or blended, the well will be permanently closed.
Potential Contamination
The production well(s) or wellfield will be monitored for the suspected contaminant(s) (including any by-products or daughter products of the chemicals) on a regular basis according to the estimated travel time from the point of contamination. This analytical data may provide determination of confirmed contamination. If actual (confirmed) contamination is discovered, the steps listed above will be followed.
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SECTION 6 REFERENCES
Aller, L., Bennet, T., Lehr, J.H., and Petty, R.J., 1985, DRASTIC: A Standardized System for Evaluating Groundwater Pollution Potential Using Hydrogeologic Settings: USEPA, Office of Research and Development, Ada, OK, EQA/600/2-85/018, 163p.
City of South Bend, 2003, Class V Injection Plan Summary: City of South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana.
City of South Bend, 2003, Wellhead Protection Plan: City of South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana.
City of South Bend, 2008, Wellhead Protection Plan Phase II: City of South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana.
City of South Bend, 2008, Wellhead Protection Plan Delineation: City of South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana.
Dean, Scott H., 2010, Unconsolidated Aquifer Systems of St. Joseph County, Indiana: Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water, Resource Assessment Section, scale 1:48,000.
Fowler, K.K., 1994, St. Joseph River Basin, chap. of Hydrogeologic Atlas of Aquifers in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4142, 197 p.
Gray, H.H., 2000, Physiographic Divisions of Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Special Report 61, 15 p. 2 figs., 1 plate.
Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), 2011a, UST Report Data Files, Land Compliance, Underground Storage Tanks. http://www.in.gov/idem/5081.htm
Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), 2011b, LUST Report Data Cover, Environmental Cleanup, Leaking Underground Storage Tanks. http://www.in.gov/idem/50681.htm
IndianaMap, 2014. http://www.indianamap.org/.
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