DOCSLIB.ORG

Tobacco Control in India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tobacco Control in India Report on Tobacco Control in India Edited by K. Srinath Reddy Prakash C. Gupta This report is jointly supported by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA World Health Organization Tobacco Control in India Report on Tobacco Control in India (New Delhi, India), 25 November 2004 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Nirman Bhawan, Maulana Azad Road, New Delhi 110011, India Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, who commissioned the report as well as the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA), who provided technical guidance. Preparation of this report has been jointly undertaken by HRIDAY, New Delhi, India and Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India HRIDAY Tata Memorial Centre T-7, Green Park Extension Dr Ernest Borges Marg, Parel New Delhi 110016 Mumbai 400012 India up to 31 July 2004; since then Healis Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health 601, Great Eastern Chambers 6th Floor, Plot No. 28, Sector 11 CBD Belapur (E) Navi Mumbai 400614 India on behalf of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India The report has been technically edited by BYWORD EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS A-217, Somdatt Chambers I, Bhikaiji Cama Place New Delhi 110066, India Printed at Shree Om Enterprises Pvt. Ltd., A-98/3 Okhla Industrial Area, Pahse II, New Delhi 110020 ii Tobacco Control in India Foreword Hkkjr ljdkj LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k ea=ky; ubZ fnYyh & 110011 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE NEW DELHI - 110011 J.V.R. Prasada Rao Health Secretary Tobacco use is a serious public health challenge in several regions of the world. It has assumed the dimension of an epidemic resulting in enormous disability, disease and death. It is estimated that five million preventable deaths occur every year globally, attributable to tobacco use. At this rate, the number of such deaths is expected to double by 2020. In addition to damage to personal health, tobacco use results in severe societal costs like reduced productivity and health care burden, environmental damage and poverty of the families. The degree of destruction brought to bear upon the individual and society surpasses the returns generated by tobacco production and consumption in terms of revenue and employment. India has been very conscious of the harmful effects of tobacco use, disease burden and related social and economic costs of health care. Over the period, various administrative measures were taken to prohibit tobacco smoking in public places and regulate the sale of tobacco products and their advertisements. A serious need was felt for framing a comprehensive national legislation on tobacco control, which would ensure uniform and effective enforcement of measures to achieve desired results. After detailed deliberations, the Government of India enacted The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, 2003 in May 2003 with a view to protect public health by prohibiting smoking in public places, banning advertisements of the tobacco products, banning sale of tobacco products to minors and near educational institutions, prescribing strong health warnings including pictorial depiction on tobacco products and regulation of tar and nicotine contents of tobacco products. For any legislation to be successful there is a need for adequate preparedness on the part of civil society, locally and globally, with regard to awareness of the existing problem and acceptance of the necessity for such legal measures. At the global level, India has been a forerunner in the negotiations leading to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which was ratified by India in February 2004. At the domestic level, the State Governments, which are the main implementing agencies, have been advised to enforce the provisions of the tobacco control legislation strictly. As a measure to sensitize members of civil society, policy-makers, parliamentarians, scientific and public health professionals, researchers and the general public, it was necessary to compile basic data and analysis of tobacco use in the country, the extent of disease burden, present status of tobacco control measures, global experience in this field and proposed road map for future course of planning and action. This report Tobacco Control in India has been commissioned with this purpose in view. This report is a product of the untiring efforts of the editors, Dr K. Srinath Reddy, Dr P.C. Gupta, their research teams and also the valuable contributions made by individual experts. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA extended all technical support during the entire period of report development. This publication, I am confident, will fulfil its purpose of raising the awareness among policy-makers, experts, activists and the public at large about the threat of tobacco use and its consequences, which impinges upon the health of the people of India and its economy. 5 November 2004 (J.V.R. Prasada Rao) iii Tobacco Control in India Preface This report owes its origins to the recent global surge in action against tobacco. As awareness of the dangers posed by tobacco spread, nations across the world resolved to forge a campaign strategy and frame a battle plan to overcome the tobacco threat. Indias anti-tobacco law emerged in April 2003, close to the closure of the intergovernmental negotiations on the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in March 2003. Soon thereafter, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (MOHFW), decided to commission a detailed review of the status of tobacco control in India. This was intended to collate the Indian experience and craft a plan for future action based on a critical appraisal of global evidence and Indias specific needs. The series of scientific reports published by the Surgeon General of the United States of America have served, over the years, as the best sources of evidence-based information on the adverse health effects of tobacco use and a resource for the best practices for tobacco use, prevention and control. The collaboration of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was, therefore, welcomed by MOHFW for the purpose of providing technical support to the development of this report. In order to engage the expertise and the energy of a wide range of experts, public health advocates and civil society representatives, MOHFW invited two Indian agencies which have been actively contributing to knowledge acquisition and public health action on issues relevant to tobacco control. As their representatives, we were given the privilege of compiling and editing this report. We undertook this task by inviting several Indian contributors, with specific expertise in different areas related to tobacco control, to contribute (individually and jointly) to different sections of defined chapters. Their manuscripts were extensively reviewed by other Indian and international experts and were later edited and integrated by us to form the text of this report. In undertaking the major task of bringing this report together, we were guided by an advisory group of public health experts from India and the United States. It is an interesting coincidence that the thread of history which originally brought tobacco to India from the Americas had now knit together public health experts from the two countries into a combined effort to advance the agenda of tobacco control and promote public health in India. The potential impact of such an undertaking ensures that children are protected from the social and cultural influences that lead to tobacco addiction, that all tobacco users are encouraged to quit, and that non-smokers are protected from second-hand smoke. This report provides a major source in our national efforts to prevent and control tobacco use. It is also intended to inform and assist many sections of our society who are committed to protecting Indias national interests by preserving and promoting the health of our people. Since several of such readers will not be health professionals, an attempt has been made to keep the language as free from technical jargon as possible. Most of the readers will know that tobacco is harmful but not how harmful. We hope this report will inform them. Many of our readers will want to control tobacco but not know how best to do it. We hope this report will aid them. Above all, we hope this report will provide policy-makers the necessary impetus to initiate and implement a coordinated comprehensive national strategy for tobacco control. K. SRINATH REDDY 15 November 2004 PRAKASH C. GUPTA iv Tobacco Control in India Acknowledgements Advisory Group SAMIRA ASMA ALTAF LAL Associate Director Science Section Global Tobacco Control Office on Smoking and US Embassy Health New Delhi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta India USA VINEET GILL MUNISH DILEEP BAL National Professional Officer Chief, Cancer Control Branch Tobacco Free Initiative California Department of Health Services World Health Organization (Country Office) USA New Delhi India THOMAS J. GLYNN Director, Cancer Science and Trends KHALILUR RAHMAN American Cancer Society Regional Focal PointTobacco Free Initiative Washington World Health Organization (SEARO) USA New Delhi India NISHA GUPTA Public Health Analyst K. VIKRAM
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Manifest Destiny
    UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-2007 Manifest Destiny John Nardone University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Nardone, John, "Manifest Destiny" (2007). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/gi3n-246p This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MANIFEST DESTINY by John Nardone Bachelor of Arts University of Scranton 1999 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Fine Arts Degree in Creative Writing Department of English College of Liberal Arts Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2007 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 1443780 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in Bidi and Cigarette Smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by Age, Gender and Education
    Research Trends in bidi and cigarette smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by age, gender and education Sujata Mishra,1 Renu Ann Joseph,1 Prakash C Gupta,2 Brendon Pezzack,1 Faujdar Ram,3 Dhirendra N Sinha,4 Rajesh Dikshit,5 Jayadeep Patra,1 Prabhat Jha1 To cite: Mishra S, ABSTRACT et al Key questions Joseph RA, Gupta PC, . Objectives: Smoking of cigarettes or bidis (small, Trends in bidi and cigarette locally manufactured smoked tobacco) in India has smoking in India from 1998 What is already known about this topic? likely changed over the last decade. We sought to to 2015, by age, gender and ▸ India has over 100 million adult smokers, the education. BMJ Global Health document trends in smoking prevalence among second highest number of smokers in the world – 2016;1:e000005. Indians aged 15 69 years between 1998 and 2015. after China. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015- Design: Comparison of 3 nationally representative ▸ There are already about 1 million adult deaths 000005 surveys representing 99% of India’s population; the per year from smoking. Special Fertility and Mortality Survey (1998), the Sample Registration System Baseline Survey (2004) What are the new findings? and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2010). ▸ The age-standardised prevalence of smoking Setting: India. declined modestly among men aged 15–69 years, ▸ Additional material is Participants: About 14 million residents from 2.5 but the absolute number of male smokers at these published online only. To million homes, representative of India. ages grew from 79 million in 1998 to 108 million view please visit the journal in 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • A Local Law Raising the Age for the Purchase of Tobacco
    Proposed Local Law Number 7 Of 2018 County Of Ulster A Local Law To Reduce Addiction To Tobacco Products By Raising The Minimum Age For Their Purchase To 21 BE IT ENACTED , by the County Legislature of the County of Ulster, New York, as follows: SECTION 1. LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT. The Ulster County Legislature hereby finds and determines that Ulster County has a substantial interest in preventing children and adolescents from becoming addicted adult smokers, and in avoiding the associated serious health consequences and healthcare costs, by increasing the minimum age for the purchase of tobacco products from eighteen (18) to twenty-one (21). In pursuing this Local Law, the Ulster County Legislature is responding to findings by the Institute of Medicine that: A) Adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine; B) A younger age of initiation is strongly associated with greater nicotine dependence and is also associated with greater intensity and persistence of smoking beyond adolescence and into adulthood; C) Almost one in three high school seniors in Ulster County report having tried cigarettes; D) Underage users rely primarily on social sources to acquire tobacco and most of those sources are likely to be between eighteen (18) and twenty-one (21) years old; E) Raising the minimum legal age to twenty-one (21) will mean that those who can legally obtain tobacco are less likely to be in the same social networks as high school students; F) Raising the minimum legal age will likely immediately improve the health of adolescents and young adults by reducing the number of those with adverse physiological effects.
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in Bidi and Cigarette Smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by Age, Gender and Education
    Research BMJ Glob Health: first published as 10.1136/bmjgh-2015-000005 on 6 April 2016. Downloaded from Trends in bidi and cigarette smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by age, gender and education Sujata Mishra,1 Renu Ann Joseph,1 Prakash C Gupta,2 Brendon Pezzack,1 Faujdar Ram,3 Dhirendra N Sinha,4 Rajesh Dikshit,5 Jayadeep Patra,1 Prabhat Jha1 To cite: Mishra S, ABSTRACT et al Key questions Joseph RA, Gupta PC, . Objectives: Smoking of cigarettes or bidis (small, Trends in bidi and cigarette locally manufactured smoked tobacco) in India has smoking in India from 1998 What is already known about this topic? likely changed over the last decade. We sought to to 2015, by age, gender and ▸ India has over 100 million adult smokers, the education. BMJ Global Health document trends in smoking prevalence among second highest number of smokers in the world – 2016;1:e000005. Indians aged 15 69 years between 1998 and 2015. after China. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015- Design: Comparison of 3 nationally representative ▸ There are already about 1 million adult deaths 000005 surveys representing 99% of India’s population; the per year from smoking. Special Fertility and Mortality Survey (1998), the Sample Registration System Baseline Survey (2004) What are the new findings? and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2010). ▸ The age-standardised prevalence of smoking Setting: India. declined modestly among men aged 15–69 years, ▸ Additional material is Participants: About 14 million residents from 2.5 but the absolute number of male smokers at these published online only. To million homes, representative of India.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Codebook for “Content Analysis of E-Cigarette Products, Promotions, Prices and Claims on Internet Tobacco Vendor Websites, 2013-2014”
    Appendix 1: Codebook for “Content Analysis of E-cigarette Products, Promotions, Prices and Claims on Internet Tobacco Vendor Websites, 2013-2014” (The following is a succinct version of the codebook intended to provide definitions for each variable; the original codebook used for training and reference by coders includes extensive text and graphic examples) Appendix Table 1. Codebook for Products sold by Internet Tobacco Vendors Selling E-Cigarettes Product (Variable) Codebook Definition Disposable e-cigarettes Any e-cigarette intended to be used and disposed of rather than refilled with e- liquids or cartridges. E-cigarette starter kit A kit containing everything needed to start vaping with a refillable e-cigarette, including the vaping device, battery, charger, and e-liquid or refill cartridges. Electronic cigars (e-cigars) An e-cigarette specifically made to resemble a large cigar, must use the term cigar, e.g. e-cigar or electronic cigar. Disposable e-cigars A disposable e-cigarette specifically made to resemble a large cigar (and be disposed of rather than refilled), must use the term cigar, e.g. e-cigar or electronic cigar. Most popular retail store Whether IEVs sold the five most popular e-cigarette brands in retail stores at the e-cigarette brands time of data collection (Blu, Njoy, Mistic, 21st Century Smoke, and Logic) were tracked in 2013. In 2014, Mistic and 21st Century Smoke were dropped because they were not found at all at IEVs in our 2013 sample, and four other brands found to be the most popular in our study of Google Search Trends were added to our brand tracking in 2014 (Joyetech, Ego, Nucig, and V2).
    [Show full text]
  • 2018, Four Senior Most Judges of the Supreme Court, Namely Justice
    Rebellion in the Supreme Court By N.T.Ravindranath, dated 12-03-2018 On January 12th, 2018, four senior most judges of the Supreme Court, namely justice Chelameshwar, Ranjan Gogoi, Joseph Kurian and Madan Lokur stunned the people of India by openly revolting against the Chief Justice of India and conducting a press conference in Delhi accusing CJI Deepak Mishra of selective allocation of important cases for hearing to junior judges in an improper and inappropriate manner. Allocation of cases to different benches is the sole prerogative of the Chief Justice of India. Many important cases have been allocated to junior judges in the past and there is nothing unusual or unfair about it. The four dissident judges claim that all judges are equals and that the chief justice is only the first among the equals. On the other hand, contradicting their own assertion, they refuse to treat their own junior judges as their equals. Thus, their allegations against the chief justice Deepak Mishra can be seen as baseless and without any merit. Hence, the open mutiny staged by the four rebel judges is highly condemnable. This episode has not cast any shadow of doubt on the reputation and credibility of CJI Deepak Mishra. On the contrary, it is the four rebel judges who now stand exposed as crooks by their open expression of frustration and anger over non-allocation of certain cases of their interest to them. Their open revolt has only helped to expose their undue interest in getting certain cases allocated to them for their own vested interests which has raised questions about the impartiality and credibility of the Supreme Court.
    [Show full text]
  • Indiscipline by Public Reps Hurts Peoples Feelings
    AHMEDABAD l THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2020 l Pages 12 l 3.00 RNI NO. GUJENG/2019/16208 l Vol 2 l Issue No. 2 Lijo Jose Pellissery’s Jallikattu is India’s offi cial entry to It was unanimously chosen from 27 entries JALLIKATTU 2021 Oscars in best foreign language fi lm category. This across Hindi, Marathi and other languages. The IS INDIA’S ENTRY 2019 Malayalam fi lm tells the story of a massive buffalo fi lm features actors Antony Varghese, Chemban FOR 2021 OSCARS and the village that gets involved in hunting it. Jose, Sabumon Abdusamad & Santhy. OUR EDITIONS: JAIPUR, AHMEDABAD & LUCKNOW 16°C - 33°C www.fi rstindia.co.in I www.fi rstindia.co.in/epaper/ I twitter.com/thefi rstindia I facebook.com/thefi rstindia I instagram.com/thefi rstindia 80TH ALL INDIA PRESIDING OFFICERS CONFERENCE AUGUST 21 1949 - NOVEMBER 25 2020 Prez: Indiscipline by public AHMED BHAI CONG’S KEY STRATEGIST & TROUBLESHOOTER reps hurts peoples feelings Aditi Nagar Aditi Nagar & Jyoti BJP MP TESTS +VE AFTER New Delhi: Senior Congress leader Kevadia (Gujarat): and the party’s top strategist President Ram Nath Ko- CONFRENCE Ahmed Patel died in a Guru- vind on Wednesday said Kevadia: BJP MP from gram hospital on Wednesday that elected representa- Kheda Lok Sabha seat in due to multi-organ failure at tives should engage in a Gujarat, Devusinh Chau- 71 years. He was suffering healthy dialogue in Par- han, tested coronavirus from complications related to liament and legislative positive on Wednesday COVID-19. Patel, who was crit- assemblies and refrain afternoon, soon after ical for a few days, was admit- from using unparlia- attending the inaugural ted to the Medanta hospital in mentary language dur- ceremony of Speakers’ Gurugram on November 15 af- ing debates.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian History Ancient Indian History : General Facts About Indian Rulers and Historical Periods
    Indian History Ancient Indian History : General Facts about Indian rulers and historical periods The Mauryan Empire (325 BC -183 BC) Chandragupta Maurya : In 305 BC Chandragupta defeated Seleucus Nikator, who surrendered a vast territory. Megasthenese was a Greek ambassador sent to the court of Chandragupta Maurya by Seleucus Bindusara: Bindusara extended the kingdom further and conquered the south as far as Mysore Asoka : (304– 232 BCE) Facts about Mauryas During Mauryan rule, though there was banking system in India. yet usury was customary and the rate of interest was 15’ /’ per annum on borrowing money. In less secure transactions (like sea Voyages etc) the rate of interest could be as high as 60 per annum. During Mauryan period, the punch marked coins (mostly of silver) were the common units of transactions. Megasthenes in his Indies had mentioned 7 castes in Mauryan society. They were philosophers, farmers, soldiers, herdsmen, artisans, magistrates and councilors. For latest updates : subscribe our Website - www.defenceguru.co.in The Age of the Guptas (320 AD-550 AD) Chandragupta I 320 - 335 AD Samudragupta 335-375 AD Ramagupta 375 - 380 AD Chandragupta Vikramaditya 380-413 AD Kumargupta Mahendraditya 415-455 AD Skandagupta 455-467 AD Later Guptas : Purugupia, Narasimhagupta, Baladitya. Kumargupta II, Buddhagupta, Bhanugupta, Harshagupta, Damodargupta, Mahasenagupta Literature : Authors and Book Bhasa -Svapanavasavdattam Shudrak -Mrichchakatika Amarkosh -Amarsimha Iswara Krishna -Sankhya Karika Vatsyana -Kama Sutra Vishnu (Gupta -Panchatantra Narayan Pandit -Hitopdesha For latest updates : subscribe our Website - www.defenceguru.co.in Bhattin -Ravan Vadha Bhaivi -Kiratarjunyam Dandin -Daskumarachanta Aryabhatta -Aryabhattyan Vishakha Datta -Mudura Rakshasa Indrabhuti -nanassiddhi Varahamihara -Panchasiddh antika, Brihad Samhita Kalidas : Kalidas wrote a number of such excellent dramas like Sakuntala, Malavikagnimitram, Vikrumorvasiyatn, epics like the Raghuvamsa, and lyric poetry like the Ritu-Samhara and the Meghaduta.
    [Show full text]
  • Practice Test Doc.- Modern History
    KK INSTITUTION YOUR DREAM OUR TARGET __________________________________________________________________________________ Name of the Candidate: _________________________________________ 1. The Montague-Chelmsford Report formed the basis of: (A) The Indian Council Act, 1909 (B) The Government of India Act, 1919 (C) The Government of India Act, 1935 (D) The Indian Independence Act, 1947 2. Annie Besant was: 1. Responsible for starting the Home Rule Movement. 2. The founder of the Theosophical Society. 3. Once the President of the Indian National Congress. Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below: (A) Only 1 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 1 and 3 (D) 1, 2 and 3 3. Arrange the following events of Indian freedom movement in correct sequence beginning from the earliest: 1. Second Round Table Conference 2. Communal Award 3. Poona Pact 4. Simon Commission Select the correct answer using the codes given below: (A) 1-2-3-4 (B) 4-3-2-1 (C) 4-1-2-3 (D) 3-2-1-4 4. Who among the following first used the word “Swarajya” in its political sense and accepted Hindi as the national language of India? (A) Rammohan Roy (B) Swami Vivekananda (C) Mahatma Gandhi (D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak 5. Who was the first President of All Inida Trade Union Congress (AITUC)? (A) C.R. Das (B) V.V. Giri (C) Lala Lajpat Rai (D) Sarojini Naidu 6. “Tinkathia System” in Champaran meant (A) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/20 area of land. (B) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/19 area of land. (C) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/18 area of land (D) None of the above 7.
    [Show full text]
  • International Youth Review of Chapter 25
    Consolidated List of Non – Governmental Organizations and Other Major Groups Accredited to the World Summit on Sustainable Development at Prepcoms II, III and IV (This list excludes organizations accredited with the ECOSOC and on the CSD List, and includes corrections to names and coordinates received by the Secretariat) Total Number of Organizations: 737 Academie de l Eau (Water Academy) 51, rue Salavdor Allende, 92027 Nanterre cedex, France Tel: 33-1-41-20-18-56 Fax: 33-1-41-20-16-09 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Website: www.oieau.fr/academie Academy for Future Science P.O. Box 35340, Menlo Park 0120, Pretoria, South Africa Tel: (27) 12- 460- 5533 Fax: (27) 12- 361- 2186 E-mail: [email protected] Website: ACDI/VOCA 50 F Street, NW, Suite 1075, Washington, DC 20001, United States of America Tel: (202) 383-9761 and 383-4971 Fax: (202) 783-7204 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.acdivoca.org ACTION for Conflict Transformation Box 16754, Lyttleton, 0140, Centurion, Gauteng, South Africa Tel: 27 82 3915964 Fax: 27 11 4826983 / 27 12 6648380 E-mail: [email protected] Website: none Action Canada for Population and Development (ACPD) 260 Dalhousie St., Suite 300, Ottawa, ONT Canada K1N 7E4 Tel: + 613 562-0880, ext. 222 Fax: + 613 562-9502 Email: [email protected] Website: www.acpd.ca Action pour le Developpement de L’Afrique a La Base P.O. Box 342 DSCHANG, Cameroon Tel: + 237 345-12-38 1 Fax: + 237 3-45-17-00 Email: [email protected] Website: www.adabafrique.org Action pour une Gestion Rationnelle de l Environnement En Mauritanie (AGREEM) B.P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bhuj, India Earthquake of 26 January 2001
    The Bhuj, India Earthquake of 26th January 2001 A FIELD REPORT BY EEFIT Editors: S P G Madabhushi University of Cambridge S K Haigh University of Cambridge Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team Institution of Structural Engineers 11 Upper Belgrave Street London SW1X 8BH Tel: +44 (0)207-235 4535 Fax: +44 (0)207-235 4294 www.eefit.org.uk © EEFIT 2005 January 2005 ISBN 0 901297 37 2 EEFIT gratefully acknowledges the support of its corporate members: Arup Group British Geological Survey BNFL CREA Consultants EQE International Ltd Giffords Halcrow Contents 1. Overview of the Bhuj Earthquake of 26th January 2001 S P G Madabhushi 2. Geological and Seismological Data of the Bhuj Earthquake S P G Madabhushi & D Patel 3. Geotechnical Aspects of the Bhuj Earthquake S P G Madabhushi, D Patel & S K Haigh 4. Performance of Bridges, Ports and Industrial Facilities J M Barr & A Stewart 5. Building Structures A Thompson, A Kirby & P Greening 6. Performance of Low Rise Buildings R J Spence, D del Re & D Patel 7. Summary S P G Madabhushi Overview of the Bhuj Earthquake 1 Overview of the Bhuj Earthquake Dr S P G Madabhushi, Team Leader University of Cambridge 1.1 Background A powerful earthquake rocked the western state of Gujarat in India at 08:46 hours (Indian Standard Time) on the 26th January 2001. The earthquake was estimated by USGS to have a Moment Magnitude of 7.9. The epicentre was reported to be near a major town called Bhuj in the Kachchh region of Gujarat. Fig.1 shows the location of the epicentre.
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Development Organizations
    EDITION 2007 VOLUME II.A / ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST DIRECTORY OF DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS GUIDE TO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, GOVERNMENTS, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES, CIVIL SOCIETY, UNIVERSITIES, GRANTMAKERS, BANKS, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT CONSULTING FIRMS Resource Guide to Development Organizations and the Internet Introduction Welcome to the directory of development organizations 2007, Volume II: Asia and the Middle East The directory of development organizations, listing 51.500 development organizations, has been prepared to facilitate international cooperation and knowledge sharing in development work, both among civil society organizations, research institutions, governments and the private sector. The directory aims to promote interaction and active partnerships among key development organisations in civil society, including NGOs, trade unions, faith-based organizations, indigenous peoples movements, foundations and research centres. In creating opportunities for dialogue with governments and private sector, civil society organizations are helping to amplify the voices of the poorest people in the decisions that affect their lives, improve development effectiveness and sustainability and hold governments and policymakers publicly accountable. In particular, the directory is intended to provide a comprehensive source of reference for development practitioners, researchers, donor employees, and policymakers who are committed to good governance, sustainable development and poverty reduction, through: the
    [Show full text]