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DOCUMENT MORE ED 156 521 SE 024 556 AUTHOR Sguire,...lemes L., Jr.; Smith, Susan E. TITLE- Anglers' Guide to the United States Pacific.Coast: -Marine Fish,, Fishing Grounds 6 Facilities. INSTITUTION National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (DOC), Rockville, Md. National Marine Fisheries Service. PUB DATE Nov 77 , NOTE 142p.; ContainS Occasional small print and shaded charts and maps which may not reproduce well 7. AVAILABLE F Superintendent cf Documents, U.S. Governikent Printing' Office, Washington, L.C. 20402 (Stock Nuater 003-0'20-00113-1; $7.50) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC -$1.35 Pius Postage. DESCRIPTORS Biological Sciences; Charts; *Fisheries; *Maps; *Marine Biology; Natural Resources; *Oceanology; *Recreation; *Recreational Facilities; Eesource Guides IDENTIFIERS *Pacific Ocean; United States. ABSTRACT The purpose of this'guide is to provide a general source of information cn treas of the Pacific coast that are more frequently fished and the species of fish that are' commonly taken. The guide covers the marine and estuarine haters along the\coasts. of California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, Hawaii, American Samoa,' and, Guam. 'It is arranged in five sections according tc similarities in their fisheries. Each secticncontaire a series of coastline- fishing charts that outline offshore, bay, and shoreline-fisting grounds and , give locations ,of marine spat fishing facilities such as sport fishing boats, boat launching sites,'fislting piers, skiff rentals, and jetty fishing sites. Included in the guilde.are forty charts of °fishing areas and glossary of 237 of the most common marine game . fishes.(Author/BB) *****************************44**************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ** ******?*************************************************************** 7 A:S.0,AS J. ...Ho, '4,- U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH EDUCATION & WELFARE / - NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVEU FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION OR1C.IN- A*INC, ,T POINTS OF IEV. OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE sEro'orFcat. NA I,ONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POL'CY Anglers' Gut J TO THE UNITEDSTATES PACIFIC COAST +. U.S. DEPARTMENT / NATIONALOCEANIC AND / National Marine OF COMMERCE / ATMOSPHERICADMINISTRATION / Fisheries Service 2 I UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE E. Juatiita M. Keeps, Secretary. ) . NA ION AL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION Richd A, Frank, Administrntpr ) 'NATION MARINE FISHERIES ERVICE Robert W.choning.Directbr ti S 6 ow) a \ - SEATTLE, WA NOvember. 1977 43, , Anglers Guide . -to the United. States Pacific Coast MARINE FISH, FISHING GROUNDS & FACILITIES eP .4- Y JAMES L. SQU R. AND SUSAN E. SMITH t 6 CALIF() OREGUN WASHINGTON ALASKA ilAWAll.AMEETCANSANA, 0AGUAM' f:. ii d ) ,s, The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec- ommend or endorse any proprietary prodat orproprietary material mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be, made to NMFS, or .to this publication fujnished by NMFS,,in any advertising or sales pro- motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends or endorses' any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned herein, or which kas as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly the advertised product to be qsed or purchased because of this NMFS publication. o I 1 I 1 ' r o 4 .. 5 A / h, ., O A ..# Contents Introduction. 1 Ti -Southern California, 5 IINorthernCalifornia' 23 Oregon & Washington, 45 IVAlaska 75 V I Pacific Islands 85 . Marine Game Fishes 101 `Marine 'Game Fishes of the U:S.West Coast 102, Marine Game Fished of the. Pacific Islands 118 Glossary of Terms 130 Index,to Common Narrfes of F,ishces 32 .-Acknowledgments 137 References 138 p iv .Y ALAS 'IC A Anchorage Juneau CA WA D A, Ketchikan Seattle a III Portland ONITEf) `ST AT ES II San Francisco Los Angeles San Diego EX '',11111.1.1.11> ... 11,-;111P 1 --( (11",tfil (o.i,rod till'frl.1' S;(logi-,Ipith ,,o( 7 4 4 1 Introduction While there are millions of individual fish in the ocean and bays, the ob- vious problem facing the marine sport angler is how and where and when to catch them. Anglers who have a local knowledge" of the seasons and locations of good fishing areas usually are the more successful ones, but most realize that pinpointing the. exact location,season, and timefor ratching a certain species of fishis impossible. This' is due to seasonal variation in the geogranphical distributiin and quantity of stocks of fish available, which. 'inturn, is a result A changes in the total marine en- vironment (temperature. salinity, food, etc.), and the biologica4 success of each specie4 inthe competition for survival. Even so. certain species usually are taken in generally well defined fishing areas:;some may be taken only during a certain seasonal period while others may be present throughout the year. The purpose of this Guide is to provide a'general source of infor.mation on those areas that are more frequently fished and the species of fish that are commonly taken. The geographical scope of this Guide covers the Marine and estuarine 4 waters along the coasts of California. Oregon. Washington. Alaska. Hawaii. American Samoa. and Guam. These have been arranged in five sections according to similarities in their fisheries (Figure 1): Section ISouthern California Section IINorthern California Section.IIIOregon and Washington SectionIVAlaska Section V-- Pacific Islands 4,ich .of the five sections contaliTh a series of coastline fishing charts that outline offshore. bay. and shoreline fishing grotinds and give locations of marine sport fishing facilities (all are subject to change from year to yearsui.h as snort fishing boats (party.or charter). boat launchuig sites. fishing piers,skiff rentals. and jetty fishingsites. These facilities are de Mated by numbers on the chart which correspond to a table on the oppo. Also accompanying ,each chart is a general description of the chart area, and notes thaupplement the chart information concerning some of the common game fishesnd,thetr availability ti? the angler. U is important to realize tha marine game fishing is the only segment of the U.S. fisheries that has grown rapidly during the past 15 years. In 1960 the first national marine angling survey was made. It reported an estimated 1.4 million marine anglers along the west coast from the Mexican border to Alaska catching over 79 million fish. By 1965 the number of marine anglers had grown. to almost 2 million (1.977,100) and thecatch to over 87 million fish. The 1970 survey showed over 2million (2.205,000) west coast marine anglers who caught over 61 million fish. Thus, during the past decade. the number of west coast anglers has increased 640/0; howevbr, the number of fish caught, as reflected in the 1970 survey has not kept pace with the increased angling pressure. This increase in angling pressure is to be found throughout the central and eastern Pacific, with a 34°/o increase in southern California. which has 400,0 of all marineangling along the west coast. A 470/o increase was found from central Californianorthward into Alaska. an area which accounts for 60°/o of all west coast fishing. Effectivelong-rangeplanningformarine game -fish sconservation programs wind associated researchactivities must be based on a thorough knowledgeofthescopeand magnitudeoftherecreationalfishery resources: seasonal distribution offish; the operating sport fishery and its fishinglocations;thelocation.type.and number of fishingfacilities -available; and inforrnation on the values thatanglers attach to the various facets of the sport. The task' of obtainingsuch knowledge is a formidable one. We hope that thisGuide,in bringing together many fragments o information into a single source book, will prove useful toagencies involved in this task. and at the same time provide the publicwith a convenient means of utilizing the existing recreationalfishing facilities and learning more about the available opportunitiesfor marine game fishing. 'FYN'S OF FISHING Pacific marine game fishing is centered near. the coastal population centers. An abundance of desirable game fish is usually available alotigIall coasts in the ocean, bays, and brackish-water areas, depending on the place and season of the year. Over 300 speCies are commonly taken by marine anglers who fish the west coast and Pacific Islands; in addition, they incidentally catch many other species. The sport angler has five types of "fishing---pier fishing. rock or jetty fishing.-surf or- bank fishing, private boat fishing, and sport boat (party or charter boat) fishing. The type of. marine environment fished usually dic- tates what species are most likely to be caught. The marine angler must take this into consideration by use of suitable equipment and careful, . .selection of bait or lure to achieve the greatest chance for success. A diversity of fishing gear is used by the Pacific angler, with con- ventional hook and lihe being the most common method of fishing in all areas. In addition. "A"-frame beach seines are used for smelt;poke-poles for fishing blenny eels, cabezon, and octopus in rocky areas; and traps for fish, crab, and shrimp. Nets for sandy-shore and reef species are commonly used in the tropical Pacific. Bare hands are used for grunion in southern California. Other catching methods for marine life are hunting and spearing of fish by divers, "picking" abalones along the shore at low tide, and gathering of rock scallops, abalones, lobsters, crabs. and sea urchins by rs. 2 divers. There is also fishing for rock and Dungeness crabs with hogp nets, and digging clams along the shore and' in bays: Fishing for shellfish and other invertebrateS, however,isnot considered in any detailinthis Anglers' Guide, whrch focuses mainly on true fishes. 41, CHOOSING A FISHING AREA If you are unfamiliar with an area, there Elie a few basic criteria that should be usedinselectinga placetotry your luck. Knowledge of hydrographic conditions(tidalflow, bottom types, and depths)is most important whether you are fishing in the open ocean, nershore, surf zone, .tidal inlets, bays, or in the intertidal portion of a river.
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