1950 CO_NGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 41f I Walter F. Murphy, Jr. David M. Staples The following-named (civilian college goodness. As instruments in Thy hands, , Harvey A. P. Myers IIIJohn S. Steel graduates) to be' ensigns in the Medical Serv· help us to be diligent in all good works, l James W. Myers Richard B. Steinmetz, ice Corps of the Navy: and thus bring honor to our country and I Hal S. Needham Jr. Travis W. Drummond our God. We pray in the Redeemer's , Murray L. Nelson Richard L. Stemshoel Ray F. Paige name. Amen. Aloysius E. O'Flaherty Alexander M. Stewart Vera L. Ortynsky (civilian college grad· ' III Samuel T. Stumbo uate) to be an ensign in the Medical Service The Journal of the proceedings of Howard B. Olson Joel D. Sugg .corps of the Navy. Thursday, January 12, 1950, was read Glenn E. Omholt Oral R. Swigart, Jr. The following-named to be ensigns in the and approved. P.eter G. Parai:kos Aubrey W. Talbert, Jr. Nurse Corps of the Navy: Davis R. Parker Arvin C. Teschner MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Helen M. Balashek Dolores G. Irion David A. Patriquin Richard L. Thompson Sundry messages in writing from the ~obert C. Phelps William S. Torrance Ella Barber Kathryn D. Kutina 'Jack N. Phillips Dallas B. Trammel Myrtis R. Beaudrot , Betty J. Lewis President of the United States were com­ Reagan L. Freis Richard E. Tremblay Dorothy E. Blackmore Gloria L. Mcintyre municated to the House by Mr. Hawks, Robert E. Presson Thomas G. Troxel, Jr •. Lola C. !Bull Mildred J. Pastrana one of his secretaries. Mattie L. Chandler Ruth A. Petchesky Kenneth F. Provost George F. Tubley CALENDAR WEDNESDAY ; David J. Pudas Edward F. Tucker Irene M. Chulack Onis Spinka Joseph D. Reed Thomas A. Tweedy Audrey M. Devaney Vivian I. Tedder Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask James L. Rice Wendell N. Vest Mary T. Duhai:nel Loraine H. Tourville unanimous consent that business in Nicholas E. Ries, Jr. Paul G. White Bernice E. Fenn Joan Warmack order on Calendar Wednesday of this Pearl Y. Gasper Fern R. Warnes I Elmer P. Rieser Robert M. Wilkins week be dispensed with. Harvey F. Robbins David W. Wilkinson Helen M. Gustas Charlene T. Yasiunas Eva V. Haring Joycelaine M. Zimmer- The SPEAKER. Is there objection to : Ray C. Roberts, Jr. Walter G. Wilson the request of the gentleman from 1 Donald E. Ross William B. Wilson, Jr. Olive J. Haskew man Philip F. Ruppel Edwin W. Wislar Betty J. Hogan Adela DeL. Zubke )'ennessee? Mary N. Hood 1 Richard W. Scott Frederick M. Woeller There was no objection. , William E. ShackelfordRoger Wolin The following-named officers to the grades EXTENSION OF REMARKS 1Donald DeL. Shrier James L. Wood · indicated in the Medical Corps of the Navy: Mr. McCORMACK ~~ ~ 0. -::i o~ e~~o~ the average acreage planted to cotton or 70 percent or 50 percent as outlined above." o.,.....Cl) aia> 'C bl) o~~ <>i:J~ .... 0 war crops, combined, in the years 1941 These estimates were made by .the county District and county +>al al "i:l~s~ d 'd~~ to 1948, inclusive, or at least 50 percent of committees on the basis of a 10-percent sam­ ~g},~ 8 o'-'0> ~:: ~'C 0 any of those years, including 1949, which­ ple of farms. ._.alai ~~ o.'.; t °'i: s-a g: Because of the time allowed and the lack · ~~ § o.~ 0 s:l ever is the greater acreage. It will also ~c.tl...... , o.S o.1 ~g~ ~~a of any sound basis, we are unable to give you r:i:l be necessary that we pr~vide for realloca­ ~ ~ tion of acreage within the county and any estimate by counties of the additional ------acreage which would be required had the 70- District 5: State in order that those who do not de­ percent provision included the war crop Canadian ______589 2, 294 2, 500 700 sire to plant may release the unused or credit. However, we doubt whether the in­ CreekCleveland_------______106 270 330 500 frozen acreage to those who need it. clusion of this acreage would make any sub­ 387 387 690 900 Grady ______2,507 4, 150 4,858 5,000 This would 'be done through the county stantial difference in the total acreage re­ . Kingfisher______411 356 4'75 275 committees. One-half of the acreage quired, probably 8,000 or 10,000 acres for the Lincoln ______85 203 314 2,000 Logan ______751 should be reallocated by the county com­ State. McClain ______268 807 750 We have also enclosed a tabulation showing 861 1, 61 7 2,065 1, 500 mittee, and the remainder by the State Okfuskee ______555 1, 211 1, 470 1,000 the comparison between the 1942 and 1950 Oklahoma ______143 501 586 700 PMA. cotton allotment .. You will notice that Osage Payne ______145 707 752 700 Many farmers, including thousands of and Pawnee Counties are the only counties Pottawatomie ___ 350 782 782 1, 500 152 284 348 498 veterans, have purchased farms in 1948 in which the 1950 allotment is equal to the Seminole_------and 1949 with the expressed intention 1942 allotment. TotaL ______6, 559 13, 573 15, 977 16, 023 of raising cotton, and should be con­ In connection with the release and reap­ ------District 6: -- sidered, and the minimum should be portionment provision which we discussed Adair ______4 2 4 25 adopted which would provide a specified in our conversation, the county committee Cherokee_------4 ------4 250 estimated that approximately 70,000 acres Haskell ______687 1, 139 l, 139 1, 000 separate allotment for irrigated areas Hughes ______586 1, 580 1,666 2,000 would be released for reapportionment if a Mcintosh ______like the Lugert-Altus, Okla., area, which provision similar to that contained in past 1, 306 1, 005 1, 560 2,000 would not take away any of the acreage Muskogee ______1, 437 922 1, 828 1,000 programs was provided by law. The State Okmulgee ______931 687 1, 341 7,000 from dry-land farmers. committee is of the opinion that this is Pittsburg ______867 263 883 500 Sequoyah ______723 975 1,025 500 There should be a provision adopted probably too conservative. ------which would grant an appeal from BAE The State committee is very anxious that TotaL ______6, 545 6, 573 9, 450 14, 275 acreage figures. a release and reapportionment provision ------be made immediately for use in connection District 7: We should also adopt an amendment Caddo ______2, 573 5, 170 6, '436 1, 200 which would allow any cotton farmer to with the 1950 program. This would provide Comanche ______741 3, 213 3, 400 800 Cotton ______vote, not just those who raised cotton the county committees with a means of al­ Greer ______652 1, 770 2, '2:77 1, 000 leviating many of the hardship cases and 3, 904 597 4, 171 1,000 in 1948. adjusting some of the inequities. Harmon_------153 153 3,000 We should likewise adopt my amend­ Jackson ______3, 923 2, 147 4, 848 250 I hope that this information will be help­ Kiowa ______1, 575 2, 995 3,839 300 Tillman ______ment which would provide for the swap­ ful to you and that you will call on us for 1,095 2,628 2, 835 I. 750 ping of wheat and cotton acreage allot­ ------any additional information that you require. TotaL ______14, 463 18, 673 Tl, 959 --9,300 ments at the county and State levels, just Very truly yours, --- so the acreage did not exceed our county H. P. MOFFITT, DistrictAtoka 8: ______Executive Officer. 492 1,037 l, 168 325 and State allotments. Bryan ______615 2, 631 2, 772 4,000 The act should have been based on Carter______292 566 599 500 the historical basis instead of tillable- Additional acreage required to provide CoaL ______87 118 128 400 each farm Garvin ______157 477 585 1, 500 acreage basis. • Jefferson ______6, 838 3, 945 6,579 800 An amendment should be adopted that Johnston ______155 153 212 200 Love ______568 643 903 1, 500 would insure that each family has .suf­ Marshall ______215 315 429 580 ficient cotton acreage to provide a living. Murray ______51 167 167 600 Pontotoc ______34 224 224 550 In other words, each family should have Stephens ______1, '2:71 2,209 2,675 3,000 enough acreage to provide an economic District and county . ------TotaL ______10, 775 12, 485 16, 441 13, 955 family operating unit. ------Twenty years ago Oklahoma was at District 9: one time the largest cotton-producing Choctaw ______680 1, 142 1,342 1, 653 Latimer ______31 189 193 400 State, and was second in acreage in the LeFlore ______773 842 1, 266 1, 500 ------!------McCurtain ______506 722 855 1,800 Nation. We had four times as much District 1: Ellis ______Pushmataha _____ cotton acreage as is now allotted. Okla­ 14 199 199 50 80 200 220 500 TotaL ______-- homa farmers have been taught the ad­ District 2: 2,070 3, 095 3,876 5,853 Garfield______O O O o ------vantages of diversifying, and as a result Kay_------100 State total _____ 51, 096 69, 488 93, 479 70, 899 have diverted considerable cotton acre­ Major______------130 130 175 Noble______175 905 905 450 age to wheat and other commodities in Woodward______17 45 48 43 the last few years, due to labor condi­ Oklahoma cotton allotments tions, diversification, price, and climatic Total------192 1,080 l, 083 768 ------District and county 1942 1950 conditions, and because farmers were District 3: urged to diversify to war crops in 1945, Craig ______12 9 14 10 Mayes ______100 307 352 224 District 1: Ellis----·------4, 353 452 1946, and 1947, and because of the fact Nowata ______27 69 77 0 District 2: · Osage______1, 535 1, 614 2, 021 Garfield ______that we farm our land in 1-, 2-, ·and Pawnee ______200 329 78 ·3-year cycles, alternating between wheat, 315 1, 192 1, 347 500 Grant ______------_ 22 Rogers ______208 237 324 250 Kay ______------642 500 cotton, grain sorghums, and other crops. Tulsa______220 443 506 204 Major ______2, 438 700 Wagoner ______530 945 l, 129 3, 000 Noble __ ------______5,018 2,400 I desire to read a letter from the PMA Washington _____ 18 22 25 37 Woodward ______1, 293 executive officer, together with tabula­ ------143 tions relating to the various amend­ TotaL______2, 965 4, 838 5, 795 4. 425 TotaL. ------9, 742 3,821 ments: DistrictBeckham 4: ______District 3: STILLWATER, OKLA., January 9, 1950. 3, 173 2, 678 4, 718 700 Craig ___ ------1,006 140 Blaine ______466 344 675 2, 500 Delaware______118 4 Hon. VICTOR WICKERSHAM, Custer ______1, 011 1, 264 1,630 2,000 Mayes ______------7,263 2,946 Member of Congress, Pewey ______1, 119 l, 538 1, 782 350 Now a ta. ______2, 108 777 Washington, D. C. ;Roger Mills ______1,564 1,689 2,303 200 Osage _____ ------______9, 784 11, 412 Washita ______Ottawa ______------DEAR CONGRESSMAN WICKERSHAM: As you 180 1, 459 1, 591 500 45 2 Pawnee ______11, 035 11. 200 requested in our telephone conversation to­ Total.______7, 513 8, 972 12, 699 6, 250 Rogers __ ------______7, 717 3, 320 day, we are sending a tabulation by counties Tulsa. ------10, 390 7, &77 i950 CONGRESSIONAL: RECORD-HOUSE 413 Oklahoma cotton allotments-Continued The SPEAKER. Is there objection to spending 2 years overseas in the Navy during the request of the gentleman from the war I came home to start farming for District and county 1S42 1950 Arkansas? myself. I've done very well up until now. I b9ught a place this last November through There was no objection. the Farmers Home Administration, but I am District 3-Continued [Mr. TACKETT addressed the House. going to lose it unless you help me. The Wagoner------34, 196 29, 403 Washington ____ ------__ 588 236 His remarks appear in the Appendix.] farm consists of 161 acres and sold for $9,900. EXTENSION .OF REMARKS The land has been laying out for several years Total. _____ ------_ 84, 250 67, 317 and therefore I cannot get either a cotton District 4: Mr. GREEN asked and was given per­ or peanut allotment. It is very good cotton Beckham. __ ------__ 92, 363 65, 500 mission to extend his remarks in the land and I am a cotton farmer. I worked Blaine __ ------­ 29, 517 12, 156 Appendix of the RECORD and include a part of the land last year and· made about Custer_ ------·------36, C.88 18, 226 one-half bale of cotton to the acre. Could Dewey ______21,446 6, 994 letter. Roger Mills ______49, 038 Mr. RAMSAY asked and was given you tell me what to do? If I lose it, the Gov­ Washita._------108, 806 ~;; &°6 ernment will never buy me another farm. permission to extend his remarks in the I am sure to lose it unless you can help. 3::!7, 858 207, 176 RECORD covering a survey and report of Yours truly, District 5: the Port Control Division of the Bureau JOHN T. ATHERTON. Canadian. __ ------_------23, 486 12, 600 of Customs. Cleveland ______--- __ ---- 16, 992 5,334 Mr. KEOGH asked and was given per­ It is shown that one county, for ex­ Creek ______·------34, 134 16.804 ample, has 500 families that will not be Grady_------78, 219 33, 575 mission to extend his remarks in the Kingfisher.------9,483 l, 572 RECORD and include three letters. able to farm because of the present cot­ J~incoln. __ ------37, 025 11, 802 ton-acreage legislation that has been Logan ____ ------~------21, 893 8, 142 Mr. KEE asked and was given permis­ written. Unless the so-called Cooley McClain ______49, 966 20, 737 sion to extend his remarks in the RECORD Okfuskee ______------44, 123 28, 136 resolution is much different from what I Oklahoma._ ------_ 13, 842 2, 758 in two instances, and in each to include have heard it is, I think the facts will Payne __ _------18, 498 7, 038 a brief newspaper article. Pottawatomie ______30, 655 7, 284 show that this country will get only about Seminole .• ------25, 315 7, 546 Mr. O'SULLIVAN asked and was giv­ an additional 1,500 acres. It is obvious en permission to extend his remarks in 403, 631 163, 328 that 1,500 acres will not take care of 500 the Appendix of the· RECORD and attach families. I certainly hope the bill can be District 6: extraneous matter. amended, as the people down there are Adair_ ------336 53 Cherokee _____ --_------7, 291 1, 103 COTTON ACREAGE ALLOTMENTS hoping it will be amended, in order that Haskell __ ------_ 23, 274 10,000 genuine, family-sized, c.otton farmers can Hughes __------33, 953 16,379 Mr. BECKWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I Mcintosh ______48, 822 33, 500 ask unanimous consent to extend my re­ remain on the farm, because getting a job Muskogee ______57, 649 49, 232 today is not the easiest undertaking in Okmulgee ______36, 965 32, 500 marks and proceed for 1 minute. Pittsburg __ ------__ __ ----- 33, 708 18,50'.J The SPEAKER. Without objecticm, the world. Sequoyah. _____ ------22, 775 6,247 it is so ordered. Mr. COX. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-'· tleman yield? TotaL. _------264, 773 167, 514 There was no objection. Mr. BECKWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I re­ Mr. BECKWORTH. I yield. District 7: Mr. COX. Maladministration of this Caddo __ ------112, 750 61, 340 call, if I am not mistaken, when the cot­ Comanche. ______------42,042 16,883 ton acreage allotment legislation was law has put hundreds of farmers on the Cotton ___ -----_____ ------46, 291 18,950 road looking for jobs in my State. Greer __ ------75, 240 52, 000 before us in August we had only 1 hour Harmon ______.59, 230 55, 822 of general debate. I furthermore recall Mr. BECKWORTH. There is more to Jackson. ______------104, 565 67, 123 that it was difficult to get time to speak it than maladministration. Kiowa __ ------92, 478 52, 238 Tillman ______"------110, 272 60, 601 on the amendment to it offered in Octo­ Mr. Speaker, at this point I include ber 1949. I sincerely trust that the Com­ some letters I have received: TotaL. __ ------642, 868 384, 967 == === mittee on Agriculture, when the resolu­ TYLER, TEX., January 10, 1950. District 8: tion is brought to this floor, will see that Hon. Mr. BECKWORTH: Atoka ______------15, 742 4,81!l Bryan______------49, 310 26, 700 ample time for discussion of these impor­ I am wondering tonight as I read through Carter ___ ------20, 237 4,139 tant cotton acreage allotment proposals your documents from the first session of the CoaL. ------16, 128 8,000 is available. Congress and wondering what will become of Garvin ______------__ 48, 770 15, 495 the little farmer. I have a 135-acre farm J e:f:l'crson ___ ------__ ------48, 653 27,000 ·I han a letter from a. veteran in Van and children farming that land and five of Johnston ___ ------_ 18, 424 5,335 Zandt County in which he says: Love ______------__ 24, 905 15, 700 them have families on the farm. And the Marshal!______16, 502 7, 988 · I have a wife and four children. I was Murray ______allotment on the farm to plant in cotton is 10, 689 2.288 raised on a farm. After spending 2 years 5 ~1o acres for the five crops. If there can be Pontotoc _____ ------22, 000 4, 993 Stephens ______----- __ 44, 270 18, 613 overseas in the Navy during the war I came any remedy in our favor I do favor more home to start farming for myself. ·I've done acres. I will appreciate your efforts for the TotaL. ------335, 630 141, 071 very well up until now. I bought a place this same. Please let me hear from you at an last November through the Farmers Home early date. Thanking you for past favors. District 9: Choctaw------28, 868 13, 400 Administration. But I am going to lose it Respectfully, Latimer ______------__ 4, 964 1,400 unless you help me. The farm consists of CHARLl!:S MAYFIELD. Le Flore __ ------37, 492 15,800 161 acres and sold for $9,900. The land has P. S.-The war had my boys and now they McCurtain ___ ------39, 251 21, 767 been laying out for several years, and there­ Pushmataha __ --_------8, 393 2,057 are back on the farms to try and make a fore I cannot get either a cotton or peanut living. Please tell me what can be done TotaL. _------118, 968 54, 424 allotment. It is very good cotton Ian~ and about this matter. State total. ______I am a cotton farmer. I worked part of the 2, 202, 073 1, 190, 070 land last year and made about one-half bale CARTHAGE, TEX., January 11, 1950. of cotton to the acre. Could you tell me Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE what to do? If I lose it, the Government will DEAR Sm: I am writing you about this cot­ never buy me another farm. I am sure to Mr. EVINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ lose it unlezs you can help. ton allotment. I don't know how you all mous consent to address the House for think the people are going to live down here. 1 minute and to revise and extend my It is obvious the Government in one in­ We have just been planting enough to get stance undertakes to put this veteran in by," and now with this cut we can't get by. remarks and include two editorials. It has ruined the people in this part of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to a secure position to farm and then country. There are just lots of us can't make the request of the gentleman from through the inadequacy of the acreage enough to pay back what it would take to Tennessee [Mr. EVINS]? given him to farm takes from him the make a crop, and there will be lots of people There was no objection. opportunity to pay for the very farm it that can't borrow any money. [Mr. EVINS addressed-the House. His helped him to buy. There are just lots of places that are just remarks appear in the Appendix.] I enclose his full letter: allowed 5 or 6 acres. Take me, I have farmed all of my life. Take back during the war, , Mr. TACKETT. Mr. Speaker, I ask CANTON, TEX., January 12, 1950. I stayed on the farm renting the other fel­ unanimous consent to address the House Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH. low's land and now I have bought 100 acres f.or 1 minute and to revise and extend DEAR r .1:R. CONGRESSMAN: I have a wife and 3· years ago and I have a· little over 40 acres my remarks. four children. I was raised on a farm. After in cropland. And I have not found ciut how '414 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 much cotton I can plant yet, but they told acres of cotton allotment to give these non­ JANUARY 11, 1950. me it would be about 5 or ·6 acres, and a man history farms and if one-half of this 1,300 Mr. B. F. VANCE, can't live on that amount of cotton much apply for an allotment, there will be less than Production and Marketing Adminis­ less pay for a place. There isn't anything 2 acres of cotton allowed for each farm. On tration, Department of Agriculture, right about it and I think lt is hlgh time to these 1,560 history farms in Panola County, College Station, Tex.: do something about it and I would be glad most of them will be allowed less than 14 Please wire me immediately why you re­ to hear from you and I want you to do some­ percent of their cropland for a cotton allot­ served· only 3.7 percent for State reserve cot­ thing about it. ment-the county factor is .1398. This situ­ ton acreage rather than 10 percent for reserve. Well, I will close hoping to hear from you ation makes many farmers unreasonable to LINDLEY BECKWORTH, soon. talk to and you can hardly blame them. Member of Congress. S. F. MAINES, Their normal farm life was int errupted by the war and they became displaced persons Note why no higher percentage ·was HENDERSON, TEX., January 14, 1950. for such period and it will take time, even reserved by the State committee: Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, a longer period of time, for their readjust­ COLLEGE STATION, TEX., January 11, 1950. New House Office Building, ment than most any other industry. By Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, Wash ington, D. C. comparison, farmers were allowed over 31 per­ Member of Congress, DEAR LINDLEY: I h ave 270 acres in my cent of their cropland for a cotton allotment House of R epresentatives, farm, 138 in cultiva tion. I only get 8 acres. before the war. Washington, D. C.: Can't rent my farm. Can't you help? You asked about the proposed 70-50 Less than 10 percent of State cotton allot­ Happy New Year. amendment for the sections of the country ment was reserved by committee for th.e rea­ MARTHA HAMLETT, that we mention, but I doubt if very much son that it was felt that the amount reserved relief car: come from this amendment. In was enough to take away from the stable · GRAND SALINEJ TEX., January 10, 1950. t h is country it W&S necessary to make se­ cotton-producing area of Texas. Details rel­ Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, vere downw&.rd adjustmen ts in cotton acre­ ative to studies made by committee too Member of Congrest;, ages reported by the farmer, to come within voluminous to wire. Wash i n gton, D. C. BAE estimates. These adjustments had to B. F. VANCE. DEAR MR. BECKWO.RTH: I have two 100-acre be made on an individual farm basis and farms near Edgewood in Van Z-andt County. when the farmer complained he was told that DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, Each oi these farms has about 90 acres till­ such adjustment would not affect his cotton PRODUCTION AND MARKETING able land, one of them being your grand­ allotment because at least 1 of the 3 years. ADMINISTRATION, father's old home place south of Edgewood 1946, 1947, or 1948 had been left reasonably Tyler, Tex., January 10, 1950. high. We told him wrong if the 70-50 and the other nor '~h of Edgewood. Mr, LINDLEY BECKWORTH, It has been some 5 years since either of amendment is passed and many appeal cases Member of Congress, these farms had all¥ cotton on it and I find will result. Washington, D. C. it almost impossible to rent either this year You asked what provisions would be need­ DEAR MR. BECKWORTH: About 300 to 4CJO unless I am allowed to have cotton planted. ed to give some relief. I will say an amend­ additional acres would be given to Smith Will you do what you can to assist me in ment as follows would give us much relief County if the 70-percent amendment were .gettihg cotton acreage allotment on each and not take too much additional cotton added. Thts is taking into consideration farm for the current year? If I am not al­ acreage: ( 1) Irrespective of the county fac­ that we were required to adjunt downward lowed an allotment, and have cotton planted tor, the cotton allotment on any history the reported acreage to get within the BAE regardless, please advise me what penalty' if farm shall not be less than 75 percent of figures. If the actual farmers' reported any for such action and would I be aUowed the highest acreage reported by the farmer acreage were used as a basis it would greatly to market the cotton. to be planted to cotton in 1946, 1947, or 1948 help this county. Wishing you the best of success, I am, but not to exceed 30 percent of the cropland The number of acres that we have to dis­ Yours very truly, on the farm. (2) Grant additional cotton tribute to old cotton farms which grew cot­ W. L. PE'ITIGREW. acreage to the county committee for distri­ bution to extreme hardship cases including ton first since the war in 1949 is 600 acres, nonhistory farms. (3) Allow unused cotton new farms will have to draw their allotment CARTHAGEJ TEX.J January 5, 1950. acreage to be returned to the county com­ from this same 600 acres. There are 5,600 Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, mittee for redistributicm to other faTms. farms in this county. Only 2,190 of these Member of Congr ess, were eligib1e to draw a regular cotton allot­ I Third District , Texas, This is what think about the situation ment. This leaves about 3,400 to draw their in general. We ar.e dealing with the same allotment from the 600 acres. Washington, D. C. farmer w.ho grew cotton for 5 and 6 cents DEAR MR. BECKWORTH: This will answer per pound in the early thirties. That is why Up to the present time we have about 300 your letter of December 23, 1949, regarding they voted for marketing quotas on December requests for this acreage, each day adds a proposed legiGlat1on to relieve the deplorable 15, 1949, and not because they were satis­ good many more, and it is estimated that situation that cotton growers in Panola fied with their newly established allotment. we will have at least 500 requests for this County, Tex., find themselves. No doubt the They do have hopes, however, that some re­ acreage by the time we are required to quit same conditions exist in most of east T.exas, lief will be offered when Congress meets in taking applications. parts of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Ala­ January. Mr. BECKWORTH, I believe you wiU Trusting this to be the desired informa­ bama, Georgia, and the northern part of tion, I am, agree, it's no time for anyone to be trying Sincerely, Mississippi. In referring to these areas, I to place the blame on the other fellow for have in mind sections of the country where criticizing or grabbing glory. The welfare DANG. OWEN, poorer land -and smaller farms are located. Secretary, Smith County PMA. They were populated with people, both col­ of many people are affected and cannot be ored and white, with Umited education, small helped by "passing the buck." I have con­ fidence in Congress and the Department of DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, incomes, large families, and low credit rat­ Agriculture working out a program fair to the PRODUCTION AND MARKETING ings. Then the war came and age groups af­ areas of the country that I mention. fected by selective service could not be de­ ADMINIS'l:RATION, Be assured of my sincere appreciation for Tyler, Tex., January 12, 1950. ferred because of insufficient units on these Mr. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, small farms. For economical and patriotic your personal interest in this subject. With kindest regards, · I am, Member of Congress, reasons those rejected for military service went to nearby shipyards, defense plants, and Yours very truly, Washington, D. C. other employment necessary to the war e1Iort T. L. VINCENT, DEAR Sm: The proposed amendment to the and even to large farms in other sections of Secretary, Panola Coun_ty PMA. present cotton-allotment law would help the country where farming is carried out on a some farms in the county, but this would be a minority of the farms, and it would possi­ mass-production scalj:l. Rising prices made HENDERSON, TEx., January 10, 1950. it necessary that they earn more money than Mr. BECKWORTH. bly cause an uproar and protest from those could be expected from a small farm. DEAR Sm: I am writing you in regard to that were not helped. After the war was over these farmers did my farms. I have 278.02 acres of cultivated Under the present law as it now exists the not readily return to the farm for economical land and five tenant houses and they did not counties were required to reduce the cotton reasons. This resulted in .little or no cotton give me any land to work ln cotton. It looks acreage as reported by the farmers so that history on many farms in Panola County dur­ like I ought to have got some acres. Every­ the total for the county would come within ing the base period-1946-48. .In fact 1,300 body around me got some acres but me. I the acreage limits set by BAE. In this of the 2,860 farms in this county have no would like for you to tell me how to get some (Smith) county the farmers reported planted cotton history. Many of these farm people land so the tenants can grow some cotton, in 1946, 16,875 acres; 'BAE said we had 6,340 that we refer to have returned to their farms 1f they don't get some it ts going to be the acres, we were required to reduee it to the now, because industries are catching up with worse depression that has been in this part BAE figure; in 1947 the farmers reported orders and this labor is no longer needed. of section in many years. 16,731 acres, BAE figures were 9,450 acres; in Since industry is not obligated to pay men If there is any way you see to help me, will 1948 the farmers reported 20,676 acres, BAE they don't need, these people must be allowed appreciate it. figures were 14,300 ecres; in every year we the privilege of earning a living and farming Your friend, were required to get within BAE figures on 1s all they know. This county has only 1,000 H. E. PRICE, cotton. 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 415 Local committeemen were used to reduce DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, arises out of provisions of the present law the reported farm acreages in their respec­ PRODUCTION AND MARKETING regarding which the Department of Agricul­ tive communities; written notice was given ADMINISTRATION, ture has no discretion of action. We are in­ the farmers of the downward adjustments; Jefferson, Tex., January 11, 1950. formed that amendment of these provisions many protested this downward adjustment Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, 1s currently under consideration by the Con­ on the grounds that it would ruin their aver­ House of Representatives, gress, and that representatives of the De­ Washington, D. C. partment have made suggestions regarding age. In many instances a farmer's reported DEAR CONGRESSMAN: In reply to your re­ such amendment. cotton acreage was reduced in 2 of the 3 quest on House Joint Resolution 384, I sub­ Although we do not have the detailed fa­ years to a zero, leaving him 1-year's history, mit the following comments: miliarity with the complexions of operation so that county totals could be gotten within 1. The bill states that no farm cotton­ of this program that would qualify us to ren­ BAE limitations. It was explained to the acreage allotment established for the 1950 der competent opinion regarding specific as­ protesting farmers that the average would crop shall be less than the larger of 70 per­ pects of it, we believe that it should be possi­ not be used, and that the 1 year left as re­ cent of the average acreage actually planted ble to devise amendments of the present law ported would prevent his allotmen~ from to cotton on the farm in 1946, 1947, and 1948, that will remedy difficulties of the types you being limited by his highest planted. Under or 50 percent of the highest cotton acreage. describe, and that will do within the spirit the proposed amendment the average would This would be excellent if we took the and intent of the allotment program as ·a be used in the 70 percent of the average average acreage before the State office forced whole. planted acres for the 3 years of 1948, 1947, the county committee in each county office Certainly we shall watch with interest any and 1946. Naturally such farms would not to adjust the cotton acreages reported as action that the Congress may take in this benefit from this amendment; under the 50 planted on a farm so as to lower the county matter. percent of the highest year few would acreage enough to come under the BAE Very sincerely yours, benefit. figures sent out from the State office. LEON H. KEYSERLING, The proposed amendment would help a Since the BAE figures on cotton for Marion Acting Chairman. few farmers and would only serve to make County was several thousand acres lower even a greater number mad, 1f the BAE limi- than the reported acreage from the farmers, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, the only way the county and community tationn have to be used. , Washington, D. C., January 13, 1950. committee could cut within the BAE figures Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, Trusting this t~ be the desired information, was to take the entire reported acreage away I am, House of Representatives. · from a farm for 1 or 2 of the 3 years IR:AR MR. BECKWORTH : This is in reply to Sincerely, so as not to cut a little off each year and DANG. OWEN, your letter of November 8 relative to the ruin his highest planted. Now, if we go back effect of synthetic fibers upon the _future Secretary, Smith County PMA. and take an average of the 3 years, his farm adjusted acreage might show the planted . consumption of American cotton. acreage for only 1 year, whereas he actually As you know, the consumption of synthetic DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, planted cotton all 3 years. fibers in the United States has risen rapidlly PRODUCTION AND MARKETING Unless Congress allows the State and since staple rayon fiber came into general ADMINISTRATION, county offices to adjust the BAE figures, use during the early 1930's. The increase in Hemphill, Tex., January 13, 1950. which we firmly believe in this county to be the use of rayon fiber has been especially Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, completely in .error, the adjustment average rapid during the past 5 or 6 years. Recently, Congress of the United States,. House will not help too much. it has amounted to approximately 17 per­ of r:epresentatives, Washington, cent of the amount of cotton that has been If Congress will allow farmers who are not consumed in this country. While there are D. C. going to plant cotton in 1950 and who have Sm: I am sorry to be late with a reply to a cotton allotment to release such cotton other synthetic fibers such as Nylon that compete to some extent with cotton, its im­ your letters of January 3 and January 7, 1~50, allotment, we will be able to distribute this 1 portant competitors are rayon and paper. 1 but I have been busy on peanut-marketing extra acreage to farms that need it. Not only has the use pf rayon increased 1 quotas. Yours very respectfully, WALTER C. RALPH, rapidly in the United States during recent I The committee of this county has reserved years, but it has also increased rapidly in I 115.3 acres for new farms. The term "new Secretary, Marion County ACA. important foreign cotton-consuming coun­ 1 farm" includes all farms not having cotton tries. During 1948, for example, the use of : history for 1946-48. This acreage has been EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, artificial fibers as a group amounted to 24 ' asked for by approximately 200 farmers. You COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS, percent of that for cotton. In some countries can see that this would average about one- Washington, D. C., January 13, 1950. such as Germany, Austria, Sweden, and Ihalf acre per new farm. . . Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, Switzerland, it amounted to much more, from I I sincerely hope this information will ~1d House of Representati ves, 20 percent to as high as 50 percent. you in arriving at a solution to the hardships Washington, D. C. It is impossible to foretell what the future imposed upon east Texas by the present DEAR CONGRESSMAN BECKWORTH: Let me holds with respect to increased rayon con­ allotment formula. acknowledge your communication of Janu­ sumption at the expense of cotton. No one Sincerely, ary 9. knew 15 years ago when the staple fiber rayon HARRIS H. MINTON, · We are aware that the reinstitution of industry was in its infancy that it would be Secretary, Sabine County PMA. acreage allotments for cotton under the pro­ as large as it is today. Perhaps the real ' 'isions of Public Law· 272 of the present answer to the future is what research in the Congress has been attended with difficulties rayon industry may be able to do to impart DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, in certain areas. We are glad to have the to rayon those superior characteristics that PRODUCTION AND MARKETING further information regarding the extent cotton now possesses. Research, plus an ag­ ADMINISTRATION, of these difficulties in east Texas conveyed gressive advertising campaign has largely Canton, Tex., January 10, 19:50. in your communication. been responsible for the prominent position Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, Problems of this sort may appear ·small in rayon occupies today. House of Representatives, relation to the national economy as a whole, I should like to point out, however, that Washington, D. C. yet they can give rise to serious economic there are rnme favorable aspects toward DEAR MR. BECKWORTH: We believe that the dislocations in the areas affected, as well as maintaining cotton consumption at a rea­ 50-70 amendment would increase Van Zandt in the lives of many inqividuals, and this sonably high level, particularly in the United County acreage by approximately 4,000 acres. makes them a proper matter of national States. The most important factor is a con­ concern. · tinuing high level of employment and na­ We have only 427.7 acres of cotton to dis­ Such difficulties are perhaps inevitable in tional income. Another important factor is tribute to all farms which grew cotton first connection with the reinstatement of a pro­ the increase in our population. These two since the war in 1949 and new farms. We gram as complex as that for the apportion­ factors, coupled with the fact that cotton feel that around 1,000 farmers will make ment of cotton acreage, and one that direct­ fiber still possesses many characteristics application for this new grower allotment. ly affects so large a number of individuals. superior to rayon and other synthetic fibers, We feel that unless the whole allotment The need is to be alert to the emergence of will probably mean a continuing relatively procedure can be revised that House Joint these problems, and expeditious in remedy­ large consumption of cotton fiber in the Resolution 384 should be passed with an ing them as they arise. United States. amendment added to the effect that no allot­ The Council of Economic Advisers, obvious· As regards foreign markets, which are im­ ments will be increased to more than 40 per­ ly, is not in a position to judge the local ad­ portant for cotton, the situation may be cent cf the farm cropland by this resolution. ministration of this program in your area. greatly different. While the increase in Very truly yours, . Quite regardless of local administration, population abroad will create a continually JAMES C. HODGE, however, it is our impression that. the pri­ increased demand for fiber, that demand may Secretary, Van Zandt County PMA. mary basis of the problem to be resolved not be met wi.th United States cotton due 416 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16_ to the lack of dollars abroad with which to Counties with more cotton acreage allocated At this point I desire to include some pay for it. The outlook for continued ex­ in 1950 than in 1942 data I have received from Mr. B. F; ·ports of cotton in large amounts does not T-EXAS appear favorable at this time for that reason. Vance, College Station, Tex.: DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, I should like to have replied more specifi­ Acreage Acreage · cally to the question you raised, but it is of County allocated allocated PRODUCTION AND MARKETING such nature that it can be dealt with only in in 1950 in 1942 ADMINISTRATION, general terms. College Station, Tex., January 13, 1950. Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, Sincerely yours, 85, 910 73, lll A. J. LOVELAND, 19, 512 14, 934 House of Representatives, Under Secretary. 161 , 395 65, 405 Washington, D. C. 81, 434 50,180- DEAR MR. BECKWORTH: As requested in 106 5 your wire of January 12, I am attaching a list­ DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 99, 905 90,699 ing sheet showing a distribution of the 1950 Washington, November 22, 1949, 191 228, 755 126, 188 State cotton acreage allotment and the State Hon. LINDLEY BECKWORTH, 1, 563 696 committee reserve of 290,207 acres. The House of Representatives. 54, 762 45, 931 44, 103 State committee reserve represents 3.8 per­ DEAR MR. BECKWORTH: This 1s in reply to 31, 383 cent of the total State allotment. your letter of November 14 enclosing a news­ 11 13, 025 112, 705 33, 061 23, 181 The State committee reserve was required paper clipping commenting on the report of 48, 771 38, 131 to be used for (1) adjusting computed coun­ Senator SPARKMAN'S committee regarding 4, 911 4, 399 103, 327 ty allotments and upward trend in cotton families earning less than $1,000 per year. 89, 812 planting, (2) abnormal conditions affecting The estimates of the number of farm and 123, 445 108, 197 141, 259 95, 242 cotton plantings, (3) for assisting county nonfarm families receiving incomes of less 158, 392 157, 888 committees with the establishment of fair than $1,000 and $2,000, respectively, reported 203, 939 123, 388 87, 927 64, 560 and equitable allotments for farms whose in the newspaper clipping were prepared by indicated allotments were between 5 and Mr. SPARKMAN'S staff from data supplied by 14, 935 8,031 149, 162 136, 439 15 acres, (4) for assisting county com­ the Bureau of the Census in its current pop­ 290 30 mittees with the making of 1950 new farm ulation survey. "Income" as the term is used 72, 618 67, 698 in this report, refers t ::i an estimate by the 99, 213 93, 970 al~otment~, and ( 5) to assist county com­ person interviewed of the total money .in­ 188, 709 136, 532 mittees with the making of minimum farm come of all family members. This includes 460 170 allotments of not less than the smaller of 5 248, 699 175, 123 acres or the highest cott on history of the the net income from the operation of a farm, 203, 782 146, 899 ranch,-business, or profession; money wages 99, 435 58, 278 farm during the years 1946-48. and salary; net income from rents; royalties; 7, 287 2, 662 The adjustment in county allotment for and cash receipts from various other sources. 17, 145 7, 766 abnormal conditions affecting cotton plant­ 511 ings was the most difficult one since it re­ It should be noted that farm laborer families 20, 268 ----- 6~ 43 2 are included in these estimates of the dis­ 33, 222 29, 381 quired that consideration be given to (a) all tribution of farm families by total money 85, 005 75,337 types of weather conditions affecting cot­ income level. 24, 934 23, 472 ton plantings in 1947 and 1948, (b) soil 118, 937 99, 224 crusting in irrigated areas, ( c) production One cannot say categorically that most of 56, 978 50, 997 the farrµ families earning less than $1,000 per 11, 712 11, 012 of designated war crops instead of cotton in year are working either on poor or on rich 109, 444 50, 338 1947, (d) disproportionate movement of farm land. First, there are important regional dif­ 6, 019 1, 104 operators and farm labor to off-farm em­ ferences in the productivity of land in its ployment as between counties, and (e) other minor abnormal conditions affecting one or present use and in the concentration of low­ At this point I desire to insert a para­ more counties. income farms. Generally speaking, the per­ graph from the monthly Business Re­ . Th_e S~ate committee formula for use in acre value of crops in the Great Plains is view, of the Federal Reserve Bank of lower than in the Southeastern States and distributmg the State reserve is as follows: the land has a lower market value per acre. Dallas, which is dated January 1, 1950. 1. Trend: For counties and administrative Low-income farm families, however, are far It was written by C. H. Moore. Note areas where the 1948 actual planted cotton more numerous in the Southeast, and repre­ what is said about the "nearly one-half acreage exceeds the 1947-48 average planted sent a much greater proportion of the total billion dollars": acreage by more than 10 percent, an allot­ ment adjustment for such trend was com­ number of farms in the latter region than in WHAT DOES THIS MEAN TO TEXAS AGRICULTURE? the Great Plains. The farms are smaller in puted as the product of (a) the increase in. Application of the control program on a 1948 acreage over 1947 acreage and (b) the Southeast and more of the work is hand .0904686. labor. substantial scale in Texas during 1950, for Generally speaking, within the same geo­ the first time in nearly a decade, follows a 2. Abnormal conditions: For counties and graphic region the average value of land and year in which near-record acreages, together administrat ive areas where the 1947-48 aver­ buildings per acre increases as the economic with good to excellent yields, resulted in age planted acreage is less than the 1941 size of farm, measured in terms of total value the largest physical volume of production tn planted acreage an allotment adjustment for of products sold and used, increases. Yields the history of the State. Of special signifi­ abnormal conditions of production affecting per acre of the major crops in each_respective cance were the highest per acre yield of cot­ cotton plantings was computed as the prod­ region likewise were higher in 1944 on com­ ton in more than 50 years and the record uct of (a) the decrease in planted acreage total cotton production. The value of pro­ from 1941 to the 1947-48 average and (b) mercial-family farms than on small-scale 0.0904686. farms. These comparisons suggest a tend­ duction also was a record, despite some price ency for low-income farming units in a par­ recession. In contrast with this high pro.;. 3. Five- to fifteen-acre allotment farms: ticular geographical area to be concentrated duction, the 1950 control program calls for For assisting county committees with the ad­ most l:eavily on the less-productive land. a reduction in acreage of the four major justment of allotments for 5- to 15-acre These apparent differences in land quality crops-cotton, wheat, peanuts, and rice­ allotment farms, 50 percent of the amount are not large enough, however, to warrant a which would reduce total acreage of Texas of acreage used for this purpose under the conclusion that most of the farm operator crops more than 4,000,000 acres, or 13 per­ 1942 allotment program (but not less than families who earn less than $1,000 per year cent below the 30,000,000 acres harvested in the smaller of 5 acres or the amount actu­ are located on poor land. One cannot draw 1949. Furthermore, if history repeats itself, ally used under the 1942 program), except the conclusion that any given number of yields of most crops in 1950 are not likely to that an additional 1,204 acres was allocated farm operator families earn less than $1,000 equal the very good yields of 1949. Two suc­ to McLennan County, 859 acres to Hill because they are located on poor land. The cessive years of favorable weather and high County, and 214 acres to Coryell County above annual earnings of a farm operator's family yields for major crops in Texas are unusual. the amounts specified for use in determin­ depend primarily upon the total amount of Thus, total volume of production in 1950 ing fair and equitable allotments for such labor, land, and other capital owned and appears likely to be substantially below that farms that will be comparable with allot­ used effectively in farm production, prices re­ of 1949; this, together with the probability ments established for other similar farms in ceived for farm products, and prices paid for of some further price decline, would mate­ the communit ies in these three counties. items used in farm production. Experience rially reduce the value of production and 4. Group II: For assisting county commit­ indicates that within a farming area the the income to Texas farmers. For example, tees with the establishment of Group II (new number of acres operated is a much more im­ the probable production of cotton, based on grower) allotments in 1950, these amounts portant factor determining the net earnings the allotted acreage of 7,637,000 acres and were allocated: of a farm operator than is the productivity the 10-year (1940-49) average yield of 181 (a) For counties with official 1950 allot­ of those acres-assuming, of course, that he pounds, would amount to only 2,765,000 ments of less than 1,000 acres: 25 acres, but has sufficient machinery and managerial skill bales, or 53 percent less than the 1949 pro­ not more than 25 percent of such official to operate the larger acreage. duction. On the basis of 1949 prices, the allotment. Sincerely yours, reduction in income as a result of this (b) For counties with official allotments of A. J. LOVELAND, smaller production would be nearly one-half 1,000 acres or more but less than 3,0JO acres: Under Secretary. billion dollars. 50 acres. 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORP-HQUSE 417 (c) For counties with official allotments of the first time in 1949, on the basis of tlie which amounts of allotment are to be used 3,000 acres or more but no more than 5,000 amount of such cropland of record in the for providing minimum acreage allotments acres: 75 acres. State office . . for small farms in all counties. (d) 19,613 acres to certain counties in 5. Small-farm increases: The remaining Very truly yours, which substantial acreages of land in farms amount of such 3.8 percent State reserve to B. F. VANCE, were devoted to cotton and, other crops for be added to the State reserve of 5,287 acres, Chairman, State Committee. TABLE 3 (Revised Dec. 1, 1949) .-U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics-Agricultural estimates TExAs-1-3

State committee adjustments Cotton acreage Computed . Apportionment County com· Apportionment District and county base, 95 percent county allot- 1------,------1 Official county for ~mall farm mission reserve for group rr of 1947-48 ment For abnormal allotment a2,~~t~:~ts Item 4, MQ-26 farms (new) average (2) X0.89721957 For tre~ds conditions (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (7) (8) (9) (10)

District 1-N: Armstrong ______------'loO 852 ------(1)"""" ___ 62 914 15 47 25 Brjscoe. ------19, 902 17, 856 (l) l') (1) (l) (I) Castro------Deaf Smith ______.______6,1, 091816 6, 115 Z40 181 6, 536 95 897 1,427 77 l 1, 505 7 60 ------50 Floyd.------51, 063 45, 815 ------11 45, 826 215 6, 559 ------50 Gray.------~------3, 007 2, 698 ------·------254 2, 952 54 226 Hale.------85, 975 77, 138 ------20 77, 158 188 6,378 ------50 Hemphill______1, 026 921 ------Ml 1, 462 32 48 Parmer------4, 560 4,091 ------505" 675 4, 766 129 556 75 Swisher------7, 410 6, 648 ------7, 153 98 1,024 ------1------~1------~-1------1------1------~-1~------~-1------1------~ 163, 561 822 1, 745 148, 272 833 15, 795 250 TotaL------l======l======182, 300 l======l======l======l======l======l======z===== District 1-8: Andrews------1, 662 1, 491 ------86 1, 577 14 22 50 BaileY------94, 525 84,810 ------21 84, 831 220 3,816 828 Cochran______90, 250 80, 974 ------158 81, 132 93 1,200 207 CrosbY------111, 150 99, 726 ------26 99, 752 129 9,246 ------i55 Dawson------254, 600 228, 433 ------57 228, 490 106 5, 657 Gaines.. · ------35, 625 31, 963 ------· 8 31, 971 216 706 724 Glasscock______5, 320 4, 773 ------1 4, 774 12 201 75 HockleY------226, 100 202,862 -· ------.. ----- 52 202, 914 329 4, 500 621 Howard.------97, 850 87, 793 ------23 87, 816 108 3,292 ------L amb.------209, 950 188, 372 ------47 188, 419 214 7, 977 ------.. ------Lubbock •• ------276, 450 248, 037 ------62 248, 099 505 14, 999 ------LYDD------227, 050 203, 715 ------51 203, 766 8 7,627 ------Martin.------110, 675 99, 300 ------25 99, 325 106 3,499 ------Midland.------25, 888 23,227 ------7 23, 234 63 513 ------iii3 -T errY------132, 050 118, 478 ------.. ------30 118, 508 305 8,836 Yoakum------9, 737 8, 736 ------250 8,986 70 633 517 1------~ 1 ------1 ------1------1------~ 1 ~------1------1------~ 1, 712, 690 904 1, 713, 594 2,498 72, 724 3,280 TotaL------l======l======1, 908, 882 l======l------======l======l======l======ll======z District 2-N: Borden.------20, 900 18, 752 19, 475 37 843 723 ------13 51, 026 165 1,481 ------Childress.------56, 857 51, 013 ------____ ., ______Collingsworth______81, 415 73, 047 19 73", 066 296 4,067 -- Cottle-_.______63, 698 57, 151 15 57, 166 82 .4,806 ------Dickens------59, 375 53, 272 14 53, 286 209 o,570 ----- ... ------DonleY------30, 685 27, 531 li99 28, 130 166 573 ------278 17, 112 69 1, 129 ------~:~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~ i~ !~: :: 13 48, 597 124 723 ------.. -... --- HalL ... ------114, 950 103, 135 27 103, 162 125 3, 162 ------o Hardeman·------39, 425 35, 373 654 36, 027 149 4, 209 ------.. -- Kent.------24, 914 22, 353 43 23,025 142 974 ------.. -- King______12, 801 11, 485 61 11, 546 ------84" 45. ------MotleY------43, 130 38, 697 10 38, 707 1, 988 ------Wheeler __ ------~------31, 825 28, 554 1,345 29, 899 126 3, 759 Wichita______9, 405 8, 438 873 9,311 259 1, 293 ------310 Wilbarger·------'------73, 625 66, 058 16 66, 074 181 6,467 ------1~------1------~-1------1------1------1~------1------~-1------~ 1,352 3,980 665, 609 2, 214 41, 089 Total------l======l======735, 917 660, 277 l======l======l======l======l======I======310 District 2-S: Baylor______13, 300 Coleman ______- - 16. 910 11, 933 ------1, 223 13, 156 168 894 ------15. 172 ------3.279 18, 451 197 2.455 ------Fisher.--~------93, 575 83, 957 ------.. ------22 83, 979 199" 2,323 -- ·------Haskell •• ------137, 275 123, 166 ------31 123, 197 233 1, 506 ------·Jones. ______; ___ ~ - -=------105, 450 94, 612 ------... ----- 1, 621 ll6, 233 575 4, 224 ------... ----- Knox ... ------80, 750 72, 450 ------20 72, '170 73 4,891 ------... --... Mitchell.------74, 480 66,825 17 66,842 145 1, 431 38, 484 ------11 38, 495 127 1, 630 ------Nolan.Runnels ______------_.______94,42, 893810 ------.. -- 85, 065 ------22 85, 087 172 1, 814 ------ScurrY------94, 430 84, 724 ------23 84, 747 158 2, 317 ------Stonewall______22, 515 20, 201 ------1,262 21, 463 99 1, 727 ------Taylor.------28, 072 25, 187 ...... ------2,496 27, 683 362 3, 963 1------~ 1 ------1 ------1------1------1------~1------I·------~ 721, 776 10, 027 731, 803 2, 508 29, 175 TotaL.------l======l======l======l======l======l======l======I======804, 460 ------...... ------District 3: Archer .•• ------1, 026 921 22 423 1, 366 70 189 50 Brown______3, 895 3, 495 163 852 4, 510 284 046 75 Callahan______4, 745 4, 257 1,034 5, 291 113 457 ------.. ------ClaY------lo, 770 14, 149 ------1, 458 15, 607 508 2,067 Comanche______:______2, 641 2, 370 ------i56" 646 3, 172 272 414 ------· 75 Eastland._------1, 339 1, 201 81 295 1, 577 120 219 50 Erath.. ------7, 315 6, 563 •16 888 7, 867 377 937 ...... -- Hood.• ------2, 251 2,020 190 91 2, 301 92 299 50 Jack_------2, 636 2, 365 68 119 2,552 82 186 50 Mills------1, 947 1, 747 109 238 2,094 162 300 50 Montague. __ ------4, 646 4, 168 197 799 5,164 132 608 ·------Palo Pinto.•• ------2, 304 2,067 100 6 2, 173 58 267 50 Parker___ ------1, 867 1,675 175 272 2, 122 109 248 50 Shackelford.• ------1, 791 1,607 434 2,041 38 35 50 Somervell ______,______1, 216 1,091 ------"78" 100 1, 269 28 150 50 Stephens __ ------627 563 04 62 679 45 100 25 Throckmorton______4, 722 4, 237 ------72· 399 4, 636 78 631 75 Wise.------1, 235 1, 108 654 1,834 150 253 00 Young______8, 408 7,544 ------1, 317 8,861 119 822 ------1------~1------1------1 ------1------·l------~11~-----~- 1------TotaL.---~------·------70, 381 63, 148 1,881 10, 087 75, 116 2,837 8, 728 759 """",,,,,,.""""'==""""-~======""""•1-==-====-a:o-~,.,...... '*""..... _,,====1=--- ....;;:=;;:=:1======1===-==::::::::=m• t See administrative area tabulation. XCVI--27 418 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16

TABLE 3 {Revised Dec. l, 1949) .-U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agriculturd Economics-Agricultural estimates-Con.

State committee adjustments Cotton acreage • Computed Apportionment County com- Apportionment District and county base, 95 percent county allot· Official county for ~mall farm mission reserve for group II of 1947-48 ment For abnormal allotment a~~~t:~!1sts Item 4, MQ-26 farms (new) average (2) X0.89721957 For trends conditions

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (7) (8) (9) (10)

I · · t 4 D1stncBeIL ____: :: ______91, 152 81, 783 21 81, 804 l, 191 2,340 --- -- ... B osque ______._------___ _ 2, 031 ------Collin ______16, 672 14, 958 628 15, 586 363 ------143, 593 128, 834 34 128, 868 695 9, 322 ------Cooke .• -----______------_ 11, 970 434 12, 958 321 856 Coryell. ______. ______10, 740 1, 784 ------23, 228 20, 841 l, 284 22, 125 818 2,322 --- ... ------DaJias ______...... --_-- . -----. ------57, 998 52, 037 413 52, 450 478 2, 777 ------...... Delta.------__ • ______60,800 54, 551 14 54, 565 120 1, 760 ------.. ------Denton ______. _. --.. --. --. ------35, 578 31, 921 1, 045 32, 966 312 4,372 ------Ellis._.------.... ------185, 250 166, 211 41 166, 252 52.5 5,403 ------..... --- Falls.. ______. _____ ._ ....•. 106,875 95, 890 25 95, 915 590 3, 811 ------Fannin. ______. ___ ------. 127, 775 114, 642 29 114, 671 962 3, 075 ------Grayson. ______------_ .. ----.. ------68, 922 61, 838 774 62, 612 511 3, 495 ...... Hamilton.. ------10, 592 9, 503 244 436 10, 183 282 869 ------Hill. __ _ ------______------______174, 800 156, 835 39 156, 874 1, 318 3, 2.'35 -... ------Hunt._. -- __ ------­ 165, 443 148, 440 37 148, 477 487 12, 803 ------Johnson. ------47, 785 42, 874 Kaufman ______101, 650 91, 202 ======------~-23------91:225· ------·1;201· ------· ·5;254· ------1;387 L amar ____ ----- __ ------______------_ 109, 915 !JS, 618 ------25 98, 643 430 5, 667 ------Limestone.------. ----... ------. 110, 818 99, 428 ------25 99, 453 392 1, 698 ------121, 885 109, 358 ------28 109, 386 2, 094 5, 118 ------70, 110 62. 904 ------753 63, 657 582 5, 587 ------~g~~~~-~=====~======N avarro. _____ ... --. --...... ----...... 153, 900 138, 082 Rockwall ______------35 138, 117 1, 091 2, 8813 ------36, 812 33, 028 ------9 33, 037 85 2, 734 ------'!'arrant. ... ______------Hi, 150 14, 490 ------103 14, 593 144 1, 082 ------Williamson ------154,850 138, 934 ------737 139, 671 486 58it ------Total.------______------2, 204, 523 1, 977, g42 678 8,342 1, 944,088 15, 483 90,087 1, 387 District 5- : 1======1======:1======1:======1======1======1======1======Anderson______11, 020 9,887 923 1,"719 ·12, 529 280 1, 461 -- .. --.. ------Bowie.------30, 780 27, 616 ------· 325 · 1, 174 28, 790 350 1, 138 ------Camp .. ------5, 918 5,310 579 6, 209 83 701 ------.. Cass .. ------21, 660 19, 434 434 2, 890 22, 758 237 2, 216 ... Cherokee______10, 878 ------9, 760 425 2,561 12, 746 391 1,482 --- -- ... ------Franklin______8, 336 7,479 222 658 . 8,359 133 859 ---- Gregg ______. 2,.223 ------1, 995 71 .714 2, 780 85 298 --50 Harrison.------22, 420 W,116 3,388 23, 504 270 3, 117 Henderson______8, 312 7,458 ------"i 72 · 2,554 10, 184 431 1, 287 ------43,343 .1, 192 44, 535 604 3, 232 ------Hopkins.... ------48,_308 ------896" -- -... ------Houston.------24, 368 21, 863 2, 202 24, 961 503 3,099 ------M arion .. ------3, 420 3,068 92 826 3, 986 80 388 75 Morris.------6, 246 5,604 ------·-271 · 811 6,415 151 659 ------Nacogdoches______9, 975 8, 950 2,396 11, 617 265 1,406 ------· ---- Panola______15, 152 13, 595 ------·-443· 2,341 15, 936 424 2,001 ------Rains ... ------12, 492 11, 208 461 12, 112 l17 1,302 ------... ---- Red River______55, 338 49,650 13 49, 327 2,599 - -- -- Rusk ______. ______19, 238 ------663 .. ------17, 261 950 3, 160 21, 371 561 2, 725 -- -- ShelbY------12, 920 11, 592 326 2, 190 14, 108 289 1, 792 Smith·------~· ------11, 281 10, 122 439 3,833 14, 394 276 1,684 --======--.. ------~ = Titus .. ------9, 215 8, 268 181 1, 060 9,509 203 1,073 ------Upshur·------.------7, 125 6, 393 244 2, 135 8, 772 156 1, 211 Van Zandt..______35, 530 31, 878 887 2, 917 35, 682 348 2, 412 ------) Wood.------~------7, 448 6, 682 463 1, 987 9, 132 100 801 ------1-----~1 .,------1------1------1------1~-----1------1 ------TotaL______399, 603 358, 532 7, 759 43, 761 410, 052 6,664 38, 943 125 1======1======:1======1:======1======1======1======1======District 5-S: · Angelina______4, 113 3, 690 851 4, 541 75 329 711 Brazos------28, 072 25, 187 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Freestone.------27, 265 24, 463 597 925 29, 985 317 1,625 ------Grimes______19, 095 17, 132 1, 548 18, 680 233 349 ------Hardin------8 7 19 26 6 4 6 Jasper______352 316 16 227 559 12 61 25 Leon .. ------12, 825 11, 507 326 1, 194 13, 027 338 1, 395 Madison______8, 788 7, 885 208 ------1,243 9,336 267 925 - --- - 306 1, 030 70 117 ------50 ~~~~~g~~:~--~======. ~~6 ~~~ ------·33· 120 503 ------·· 97 · 75 25 Polk------4, 418 3, 964 100 S81 4,445 418 75 Robertson______41, 752 37, 461 _ ___ ------• ---- _ _ _ Sabine . .. ------2, 546 2, 284 =-======- -- - 613 - -- --2~897 ------·52· ------415" ------00 San Augustine______7, 196 6, 456 222 792 7, 470 121 940 ------San Jacinto______2, 760 2, 476 111 457 3, 044 22 239 75 TrinitY------3, 743 3, 358 ------608 3, 966 69 369 75 T y ler ______290 260 ------181 441 8 35 25 Walker.______6, 911 6, 201 140 631 6, !l72 64 648 ------Vf allcr --- • ------____6_, 2_ 4_6______5,_6_04_ _-_-_--_-_-_--_-_------_-_. _____5_7_8______6,_1_82______12_2______8_2_5_ __------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TotaL______177, 577 159, 325 1, 753 10,674 109, 104 1, 883 8, 769 481 District 6: Culberson. _____ ---- __ ._------. ------_____ ------_____ ------_ ------______------____ . _. 191 Ector..______309 277 ------8 285 5 42 25 El Paso______48, 260 43, 300 ------11 43, 311 289 1, 251 ------Hudspeth______15, 898 14, 264 ------76 14, 340 26 57 569 Loving______475 426 ------4 430 5 30 25 Pecos· ------16, 862 15, 129 ------Presidio.------2, 190 1, 965 Reeves.------18, 682 16, 762 ------i.-859" ====:::::::::=:= ------i8,"62i" ------58" ------1.-850" ------·-·1;552 T errell ... ------84 75 2 1 78 5 0 19 W ard·------12, 920 11, 592 ------2 11, 594 18 479 ------Total._------_____ ------_ 115, 680 103, 790 1, 861 102 88, 659 406 3, 709 2, 381 District 7: i=====i:=====i======i======i=====i=====l======I===== B Janco ______- _. _. _. _. 142 127 9 78 214 35 (\ 25 Burnet. __ ------­ 7, 742 6, 946 154 607 7, 707 172 1,038 Coke. __ ------3, 501 3, 141 1, 106 4,247 52 177 ------75 Concho. ------______------____ _ ------Crockett. ______25, 175 22, 587 1, 538 336 24, 461 38 1, 282 81 73 12 85 0 ------21 Gillespie.. ______------235------~-·-75· . Irion .. ______95 85 9 330 39 25 760 682 54 6 742 Kendall. .... ______13 50 62 5 4 ------3 7 5 1 2 1 See administra~ive area tabulation. 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 419

TABLE s .{Revised Dec. 1, 1949) .-U. s; Department o/ Agriculture, Bureau o/ Agricultural Economics-Agricultural estimates-Con.

Cotton acreage Computed State committee adjustments base, 95 percent county allot· Official county tfr~~~~t qo~ty com- Apportionment District and county allotment adjustments m1ss1on reserve for group II of 1947-48 ment For abnorma.l rr acres Item 4, MQ-26 farms (new) average (2) X0.89721957 For trends conditions 15

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (7) (8) (9) (10)

District i-Continued Kimble...... 19 17 4 80 101 20 12 25 KinnPy ...••.••••••.••. ------• ------• -··-----. --· .. - . ------•• -... - •• --· ------. . ------.... • ------...... ------• . . . . ------__ •.. -- 290 . Lampasas...... 1, 910 1, 714 56 511 2, 281 135 282 50 Llano...... 62 56 6 85 147 22 15 25 McCulloch._···················---···· 8, 716 7, 820 ·····------··· 2, 136 9, 956 93 120 ------···25 Mason...... 306 '%15 ------i . 199 474 67 67 Menard... ------214 192 4 126 332 20 10 25 Reagan...... 4'%1 383 63 3 449 ------····· 67 52 San Saba...... 4, 798 4, 305 ------······-··· 778 5, 083 113 609 Schleicher._.------··················· 5, 462 4, 901 .....••... -····· 68 4, 969 '%! 260 00 66 3 64 ------·-·iro i~¥i?~~~======~=== ------0a;4iJ------;~- ======;= ii ' m ~i • ~ TotaL •••• ------••• ------122,865 110, 236 1, 926 6,473 118, 635 987 7, 676 800 District 8-N: .A UStin.r--·········------·-·········-·· 24, 795 22, 247 ------"(1)"" _____ 158 22, 405 275 1, 769 Bastrop.•••.•..•...•..••..••...... ••. 16,340 14, 661 (1) (1) (1) (1) ------·z1r·----- Bee... ----······------7,838 7,032 1, 353 8,385 158 777 155 4,593 4, 121 ------1, 120 5, 241 66 728 Bexar------····--··-················ -----·-(1~ ------Burleson. ....•.. ------···· 39, 758 35, 672 -----··c,r·----- (1) 1l) (1) (1) Caldwell.•.•...•..••.••...... •.•...•••• 30, 162 '%1,062 ------_.. _____ 810 '%/,872 198 2,'%15 12, 562 Colorado ••••••.•••. -----~---··········· 13, 442 12,060 ------. i.5" 502 :<46 1,224 Comal ....•.... ------········-···-··· 223 200 252 467 39 70 25 D e Witt. ..•. ------·······-···· 21, 802 19, 561 ------1,266 20, 827 4'%1 2, 981 Fayette..••.•.. ------39,473 35, 416 ------175 35, 591 300 4, 141 Goliad..----. ---.••.. ------• --• · -· 4,650 4, 172 ------1,{)70 5,.242 81 436 Gonzales.•.•• _...• -. -• --•. --. ------22, 848 20, 500 ------1,274 21 , 774 150 3,016 '%!, 122 24,334 2,389 26, 723 271 2, 784 Guadalupe.•...... ---·------······-· ------~r······ ------·(1)"" ____ _ H ays .• _------··-··-····-··· 11, 495 10, 314 (1) (I) (1) (1) Karnes.-····------38, 6h1 34, 649 ------2,966 37,615 232 5, 185 Lavaca.---··········--·-·········-···· 46, 265 41, 510 ------10 41, 520 296 5,443 Lee .....••••...•.•.•..•.••...•...•...•. 10, 972 9,844 ------···26- 429 10, 273 196 1,367 Medina•..... ------•...... --. -. ------147 132 186 344 52 47 25 Travis.. ___ ···--·------·-········ - 51, 443 46, 156 ------35 46, 191 367 1,041 Washington. __ ------·· 36, 670 32, 901 ------·(ir··---- 556 33, 457 375 4,230 ------(1)·---· -- W Uson. ••.••..••.••. ------• · -· 4,940 4, 432 (I) (I) (1) (1) Total.------•• ------· 453, 596 406, 976 41 14, 551 356, 489 3, 729 37,514 205 District 8-S: Aransas. ___ ------1, 021 916 83 999 5 0 25 Kleberg ______...••••. -······------· 8,598 7, 714 ------40 7, 754 126 74 ------1, 526 ------i;ii35 Nueces._ •••.•... ---· ------··-·····--- 97, 375 87, 367 ------s, 011 {)0,378 410 Refugio.·········------10,498 9, 419 ...... ---- 464 9,883 68 1, 120 ------···· San Patricio_--···------··· 71,,725 64, 353 ------2, 046 66,309 105 1, 750 1, 035 Total.----_. ------189, 217 169, 769 ------5,{)44 175, 413 714 4,470 2,095 District 9: Brazoria .•• ------········ 11, 281 10, 122 -----······-··-· 390 10, 512 164 1, 333 ------Calhoun...----········------····-· 19, 998 17, 943 ------·· 4 17, 917 65 2, 550 ·------Chambers.•• ------·····--·-···------· 142 127 -···-········-r· 79 206 · 13 21 25 Fort Bend...... 79, 800 71, 598 ....•.....•••.•. 18 71, 616 li82 6, 441 Galveston •.••• ------· ···-·· 14 13 --·············· 4 · 17 5 o ------4 Harris.• • -----··········------·····-· 4, 318 3, 874 ········--···· -- 849 4, 723 136 609 75 Jackson. .•. -----·········-·-······-···· 18, 952 17, 004 -·-·········--·· 179 17, 183 136 1, 628 ------···· Jefferson .....•.•.. ------195 175 --·-·········-·· 82 257 14 35 25 Liberty.. ------······--· 3, 325 2, 983 --····------· 252 3, 235 63 300 75 Matagorda----··------J.8, 288 16, 408 -·············-· 5 16, 413 103 2, 299 ··-·········-··· ~~g,~k: ::======------28;358" ------·25; 443· ======------7------·-25; 45() ------249· ------·· 3;295· ======Wharton. •••• ------89, 300 80, 122 ------········ 20 80, 142 498 7, 354 ··············-- 245,812 ------1,889 247, 701 2, 028 25,865 204 Total ••------1==='~'=3=, =97=1= 1======1======!1======1======1======11======1======District 10-N: Atasr.osa•• ------4, 456 3,998 ------·322· 1,303 5,301 113 759 ------75 Brooks.•• ------3, 061 2, 746 77 3, 145 51 292 Dimmit------·-······-··-····· . 665 597 ------5 602 6 60 25 Duval. ..••••.••..•...• ------····· 19, 723893 17, 261 ------·30· 2'18 17, 539 173 1,097 ------.. Frio.------. ------··· 711 13 754 36 113 25 Ji.m Hogg..••.••. ---······------···-- 1, 463 1, 313 62 400 1, 775 44 165 50 Jim Wells.------·······--·------19, 285 17,303 ------·i· 2, 120 19,423 179 450 517 Kenedy··-···------3 3 1 5 5 0 1 La Salle.. ------1, 349 1, 210 83 125 l, 368 16 155 50 Live Oak •••••••• ------15, 912 14, '%17 ------842 15, 119 265 1. 078 ' 310 Mcl\iullon••.••.. ----····-~------1, 259 1, 130 ------105 1, 235 8 173 50 Maverick...... 6, 935 6,222 ------169" 2 6, 224 -0 120 1,035 Starr------···········------···-- 26, 362 23, 652 ------·-105- 24, 421 185 2, 265 ------Webb •.. ------·······-··-·-····--·-· 1, 197 1, 074 125 1,305 26 149 50 Zapata .••• ------1, 360 1, 220 114 104 1,438 7 185 103 Zavala .• ------4, 038 3,623 315 ------3,938 11 118 2, 070 1~------1------1------1------·1------1------1------l------~ Total.. ______------107, 376 96, 430 1, 771 f>,481 103, 592 1, 130 7,179 4,361 l======~~======J=-===-====1======1======1====-======l====~==:I=====~ District 10-S: Cameron.------175, '%15 157,~1 ------6;854" 89 157, 300 206 19, 345 1, 552 Hidalgo•• ------143, 925 129, 132 135, 986 168 9,368 2,070 104, 968 · S,230 --·------108, 198 116 6, 535 1,035 WillacY--~------116, 992 ----··--·-·-~·-- 1------1------1------1------·1------1---~------1------I·------~ Total..------436, 192 391, 361 ~o. 084 39 401,484 490 35, 248 4, 657 l======l:======l======l======il======l==-======I=====~==~=====~== State... ------8, 182, MQ 7, 841, 035 29,928 123, 699 7,289,6U 44,404 426,971 21, 286 "Totals for areas------·-·-·-··-- --··------­ l.380 6, 332 '213, 26.3 . 1, 701 15, 696 1,08.5 State totals------······-----···- 81,308 130,031 7, 602,874 (6, 105 442, 667 22, 371

1 See administrative area tabulation.

. . 1· - 420 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16

TABLE 3 (Revised Dec. 1, 1949) .-U.S. Department of' Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural .EQonpmi<;s~Agricultural estimates-Con.

ADMINISTRATIVE AREA TABULATION

State committee adjust· men ts Official ad- Adjusted for Group II Administra- Acreage allot· Percent base 1950 com- ministrative small farms County com- farm (new) tive area ment base is of county puted cotton area allot- (15 acres or mission re· apportion- County total allotment Abnormal ment less) serve, item 4 ment Trends conditions (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (8) (9) (10) (11)

Pecos ____ ••••••••.....•.•....• I. ------. 8,593 48.41 7,324 923 0 8, 247 . 50 1, 180 1,035 Do .•.•••••. ---.•.... --•. - IL ...... 9, 157 51. 59 7,805 0 2 7,807 0 330 Q Total.. ______------17, 750 100.00 15, 129. 923 16, 054 50 1, 510 1,035 Burleson •• -----. __ .. ------I. ------19, 395 46.35 16, 534 0 379 16, 913 293 1, 764 ------Do .•• ------...... _ IL ...... 22, 454 53. 65 19, 138 0 7 19, 145 0. 1,046 ------TotaL •• -----____ ------41, 849 100. 00 35, 672 386 36, 058 293 2,810 ------! ______Hays_------437 3. 61 372 17 14 403 . 20 60 ------Do ..•. ------__ ..•••.... IL ...... 11, 662 £6.39 9,942 0 413 10,355 107 967 ------Total..•• ------___ ------12, 099 100.00 10, 314 17 427 10, 758 127 1,027 ------Robertson ______I______13, 619 ::lO. 99 11, 609 0 I, 249 12, 858 350 416 ------·----- Do .. ------IL ...... 30, 330 69.01 25, 852 0 7 25, 859 10 1, 516 ------TotaL.--- ~ ------4.3, 949 100. 00 '37, 461 0 1, 256 38, 717 360 1, 932 ------! ______Wilson.------·------5,080 97. 71 4,330 0 1, 449 5, 779 90 753 ------Do.------..•. IL ...... 119 2. 29 102 8 79 189 17 28 ------' To~L ...... :. •••..•...• ------5, 199 100. 00 4,4::l2 8 1, 528 5, 968 . 107. 781 ---·------Bastrop.------! ______·---- 4, 133 24.0.1 3, 523 0 10 3, 533 32 172 ------Do.------: ...•...•.. IL ...... 13, 067 75. 97 11, 138 301 700 12, 139 . mo 1, i02 -- ·------Total.. •. ---~------17, 200 100. 00 14, 661 301 no 15, 672 162 1,871 ------Presidio .. ______• _____ !. ______0 61 466 11 ______475 20. 62 405 0 0 0 Do ••• ------1,829 79. 38 1, 560 37 0 1, 597 12 i2 50 ____ .. ______Total..• ------. 2,304 100. 00 1, 965 37 61 2, 063 12 72 50 I______Johnson •.• ~--- ____ . ____ •. ____ .13, 695 66. 99 28, 721 0 6 28, 727 0 866 ------Do.------____ . __ ...... IL------~- 14, 274 28.38 12, 168 0 547 12, 715 0 816 ------Do.------. ____ •. III ...... 2,330 4.63 1, 985 0 418 2,403 - 331 342 ------TotaL.------50, 299 100. 00 42, 874 971 43, 845 331 2,024 ------! ______Briscoe ______... ______3,830 18. 28 a. 264 £4 184 3, 542 27 507 ------Do ..• ------... II...... 17,119 81. 72 14, 592 0 3 14, 595 82 2,088 ------Total. ••••.....•.•.. ------20, 949 100. 00 17, 856 94 187 18, 137 109 2, 595 ------! ______5 Brazos ....•••••.... -----.... __ IL ______22,095 74. 77 18, 832 0 18, 837 0 155 ------Do ..• ------...•. -----.... 7,455 25. 23 6,355 0 799 7, 154 150 91(! ------Total. .. ____ _.______. ---. ------·------29, 550 100. 00 25, 187 0 804 25, 991 150 1,071 ------Grand total. ....•.•.••. ------·-- ~1,148 ------205, 551 1,380 6,332 213, 263 1, 701 15, 696 1,085

EXTENSION OF REMARKS Perhaps you see the name "J. Smith" graph (5) as "(6) ", and by inserting after Mr. LANE asked and was given per­ listed among the victims, when there paragraph (4) the following new paragraph: might have been many "J. Smith's" in _ " ( 5) For any person to transport any pas­ mission to extend his remarks in the senger in air commerce unless such pas­ Appendix of the RECORD in three separate air transit at the time of the tragedy. senger has registered, in such manner as instances and in each to include ex­ And the thought comes to you that it the Board shall by regulation prescribe, his traneous matter. would not be difficult for the air lines full name and address and the name and Mr. GWINN (at the request of Mr. to have a complete roster-first name, address of an individual to be notified in WooDRUFF) was given permission to ex­ middle initial, last name, and address, of case of an accident involving the aircraft tend his remarks in the Appendix of the all passengers and crew members on in which he is to be transported; and." every flight. SEC. 2. This act shall take effect 15 days RECORD. after the date of its enactment. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts asked Apparently they do not have such a and was given permission to extend in list available to the press, which is a THE LATE GEN. HENRY H. "HAP" ARNOLD the RECORD an article on excise taxes cause of grave anxiety to many people. Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask printed in the American magazine. The recent decline in air-passenger traffic in the United States cannot be unanimous consent to address the House WHO IS "J. SMITH"? for 1 minute and to revise and extend blamed on the season or the weather my remarks. · Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ alone. mous consent to address the House for The public has confidence in the Planes The SPEAKER. Is there objection to 1 minute and to revise and extend my and the pilots. the request of the gentleman from New remarks. More people would like to travel by Jersey? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to air, but they have misgivings concerning There was no objection. the request of the gentleman from the controls, the management, and the Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, today Massachusetts? · policies in operation at our airports. I mourn the passing of a great Ameri­ There was no objection. In an effort to overcome these objec­ can citizen, a great American warrior, Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, what is your tions in part, I have introduced a bill to Gen. Henry H. "Hap" Arnold. reaction when you read the account of amend the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 I recall meeting the Air Force general an air-line crash and see the incomplete so as to require the preparation of pas­ with President Roosevelt at the White names and addresses of those presumed senger lists for all flights of commercial House during the middle of the late war. to be aboard the wrecked plane? air lines. It provides: The going was rather rough but Gen­ You think of the needless worry, the That subsection (A) of section 610 of the eral Arnold was not terribly concerned. uncertainty, the confusion. Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, as amended, He said: "We are going to win; we are And you wonder why the air lines are is ame!lded by striking out "And" at the end not going to lose. Those kids of mine, so negligent in this matter. of paragraph .(4), by renumbering para- most of them in their teens, are knocking '1950 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 421 the enemy's best out of the air right and EXTENSION OF REMARKS very small beginning was built the left. We are not going to lose." It was Mr. GOODWIN asked and was given mighty aerial armada whicb made such in that spirit that General "Hap" Ar­ permission to extend his remarks in the telling blows on the AxiS' Nations in nold and his boys wrote history in free• RECORD in two instances and to include World War II. This force of 2,300,000 dom's cause. . in each an editorial. men and 80,000 planes of all types-the Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker~ will the Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, wartime United States Army Air Forces gentleman yield? · on Thursday last I asked and obtained and the Air Force of today-are great Mr. CANFIELD. I yield. · permission to insert an editorial by Mr. monuments to his lifetime of lia.bor and Mr. RANKIN. I think I express the David Lawrence and also copy of a re­ statesmanship in its behalf. views of every Member of this House port by the Committee on Economic De­ Flags throughout the United States fty . when I say that General Arnold will go velopment on the subject of civilian con­ _at half-mast today. It is entirel;f fitting down in history as one of the greatest trol and militarism. The Public Printer that a peaceful and nonmilitaristlc Na­ military leaders of all time and one of advises me this extension will cost tion should pay this respect to one Qlf its the greatest servants the American peo­ $389.50. In view of the subject matter greatest soldiers. For General Arnold ple ever had in time of war. covered by the article and the caliber of was not only a military man, but a pla-\n THE COAL SITUATION the committee making the recommenda­ citizen as well-a man who believed sin~ tion, I ask unanimous consent that the cerely in· the orderly processes of a de• Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I ask extension may be made notwithstanding mocracy, who abhorred war and worked unanimous consent to address the House the cost. throughout his lifetime for a real and for 1 minute and to revise and extend The SPEAKER. Notwithstanding the just peace. He contended that such a .my remarks. cost and without objection, the extension peace can be maintained through The SPEAKER. Is there objection to may be made. strength. He labored in behalf of his the request of the gentleman from Illi­ There was no objection. ·beliefs. Today a policy of strong de­ nois? Mr. JACKSON of California asked and fense, with the Air Force as its keystone, There was no objection. . was given permission to extend his re­ ·stands as the · avowed aim of this Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I desire marks in the RECORD and include an arti­ Government. to read to the House a letter that came cle and an editorial. Gen. Henry H. Arnold-"Hap'' .to my desk this morning from one of my THE LATE HENRY H. ARNOLD Arnold-has passed from the scene. In good -friends and a constituent. He •his departure he is mourned by all in writes as follows: Mr. SCUDDER. Mr. Speaker, I ask these United States. To me he was a unanimous consent to address the House JANUARY 14, 1950. counselor and friend. The memory of Hon. L. C. ARENDS, for 1 minute and to revise and extend my "Hap" Arnold will remain indelibly with House Office Building, remarks. me, as it will with all the people who Washington, D. C. - The SPEAKER. Is there objection to knew him. · DEAR LES: The coal situation: We have the request of the gentleman from Cali­ been out of coal for the part 3 days and fornia? SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED m o.ny of our good customers are out. The There was no objection. Mr. RICH asked and was given per­ only. thing that saved them was the mild Mr. SCUDDER. Mr. Speaker, nearly mission to address the House today for weather. I wonder just who is running the 4 years ago one of America's great war­ country. I know from first-hand that most 15 mim!tes following disposition of mat­ miners want to work, but they have no voice time leaders retired from his role as com­ ters on the Speaker's desk and at the in the affairs of the UMW A. How about ap­ manding general of the Army Air Forces. conclusion of any special orders here­ plying the antitrust laws to the UMWA? It Gen. Henry H. Arnold-he was "Hap" to tofore entered. ·might be well to look into the legality of all, whether a civilian or a military I AM NOT A DEMOCRAT John L.'s position. The strip mines are man-sought a quiet life as a gentleman hardest hit of all. Three days in a strip farmer in the lush Sonoma Valley of Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ mine means 3 days stripping and 1 to 1 'h California, Jack London's famous Valley mous consent to address the House for 1 days' 'mining. How about having some Sen­ of the Moon. There he said he wanted minute and to revise and extend my ator start impeachment proceedings against remarks. the President for not doing his duty in this to sit under an oak tree and look at white-faced cows. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to case. . the request of the gentleman from Penn­ We have just counted up the customers General Arnold's ranch was only a who have orders in and will be out of coal .few miles from my home in Sebastopol. sylvania? completely within 3 to 5 days and they total The week before I left Sebastopol to There was no objection. 148 as of now. The Department of the In­ come on to Washington as a Member of Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, a news ar­ terior was quoted in this morning's Panta­ Congress, Mr. and Mrs. Walter Murphy, ticle which appeared in a paper caused graph that there was no emergency. The publishers of the Sonoma Index-Tribune, a letter to be written to· me which rwant people who are out of coal are in a real state had Mrs. Scudder and myself as house to read because someone is really taking of emergency, · advantage of me through the newspapers Sincerely. guests. They invited "Hap" Arnold, Mrs. Arnold, and their daughter to the and I do not like it. The news article is The writer did not say so, but the peo­ house for dinner. During the evening I as follows: ple he refers to are neither Democrats had occasion to discuss with the general "Be nifty and thrifty in '50," says economy nor Republicans. They are American many things of moment concerning our advocate Representative RICH (D., Pa.). citizens who are either out or will be This lawmaker used to shout, almost every Government, and especially did we dis­ time a spending proposal came up: "Where out of coal in a few days. Maybe it is cuss the Chinese problem, over which he are we going to get the money?" warm down at the Blair House, where was greatly concerned. It is pathetic to the President lives, but it is getting cold lose students of world affairs in such You see they listed me as a mean­ in the homes of many of the people of times as these. ing Democrat. Now I insert the letter my district. Even after his retirement General I received from one I knew 45 years ago: Mr. Speaker, Congress accepted the re­ Arnold remained active in Air Force JANUARY 10, 1950. sionsibility toward avoiding such emer­ affairs and could be seen on occasion in Hon. ROBERT F. RrcH, gencies as we now face by writing the his office at Hamilton Air Force Base in House Office Building, Taft-Hartley Act. So I ask, Whose re­ Marin County, Calif. There less than a Washington, D. C. sponsibility is it? Certainly the Mem­ DEAR MR. RICH: I see by the enclosed clip­ year ago he was presented with a model ping you have turned Democrat. How hor­ bers of Congress are not to blame but of the plane in which the Wright broth­ rible. Don't you realize that the con­ rather the responsibility rests on the ers taught him to fly in 1911. This science-the Democratic conscience-has shoulders of one man, President Tru­ model he added to his collection at So­ lost its eyes and ears and that two more years man, and he should use what machinery noma, a collection which characteristi­ of deficits will find us going into a tailspin he has available to forestall suffering on cally the general made available for and paternalism or communism (identities) the part of many of our citizens whose public display. or any other ism will not be able to avert the crash in which all that is worth while coal bins are empty. · After all, the wel­ When one looks at this kitelike plane will be destroyed. The first indication of fare of the people does _come ahead of he is impressed with its flim.siness. And this fatal disaster will be a mass realization politics. - · · he is impressed further that from this that Government securities are unsound, 422 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 which they will be, and then the tailspin o! tions. Yet he lived through two great The SPEAKER. Is there objection to a run on the (Treasury) bank for redemp­ wars. He saw the destructive power of the request of the gentleman from Ne ... tion. And what will the cash they will get be worth? This is no joke. It is a probability weapons greatly enhanced through the braska? more than a possibility. I understand the use of airplanes. He lived to see air There was no objection. incapacity of the crosscut of our people to power develop into the most deadly and Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, the coal think in time before the catastrophe is rec­ destructive thing in the whole world. shortage in my district is now serious. I ognized, and they alone can save their land The planes built under the guidance of wish to serve notice on this House that of plenty-but we, the people, are damn ·the Air Force carried the atom bomb. if it continues and if we get the same fools because we cannot think in time to The destruction wrought by the planes realize that those in control, without vision · kind of weather in Nebraska as we had or consistency or much conscience, dominate sent out under his direction laid waste last year there will be loss of life. Mr.: their even more selfish or weaker brethren. two great nations in the world. He Clarence Isaacson, one of the prominent But you, a Democrat! worked so hard that his heart was over­ coal dealers, called me by telephcme this Respectfully, strair_ied and he finally had to take it morning. He was speaking for the coal PRYSINGER EVANS. easy. dealers of my home town, Norfolk, Nebr,·1 But after he retired to beautiful He stated that the town is entirely out, Mr. Speaker, I want to deny this ac .. Sonoma he still kept in touch with our cusation that I am a Democrat with all of stoker coal and that other grades are security problems. In 1949 he appeared being depleted. He and these coal deal•: the vehemence at my command. I am before a committee of which I was a and always will be a Republican. I will ers want something done at once to re .. : member, which investigated the prob .. lieve this situation. Members of this do all I can in aiding the Republican lems surrounding the procurement of Party to do those things that will make House will recall that last winter thEt' the B-36. At that time he looked thin "snow lift" operations in Nebraska re .. ; our country the best country in all the and tired but the old spark was th_ere. world, for all of our people, at all times, sulted in saving life because operators of 1 When he wrote a series of articles for airplanes hauled fuel and medicines to THE LATE HENRY H. ARNOLD the Washington Post I think he showed 1 the isolated farmers. If the weathe~ Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask that he was more than just a great changes and "snow lift" conditions come.1 general. He was a statesman and a unanimous consent to address the House again there will be no coal for the air~:: for 1 minute and to revise and extend humanitarian. He had seen enough to men to fly. There will be much suff er-- my remarks. know that under modern conditions war 1 should be made impossible, or the human ing. I am merely calling your attent~on , The SPEAKER. Is there objection to to this serious situation and am puttm~ the request of the gentleman from race might destroy itself. In one of 1 these articles he dwelt on this and those responsible for this condition on California? · notice. Something must be done about, There was no objection. pointed out that the nations must find some way, besides war, to settle their it at once. By passing this information Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, I read on to the members of the House of Rep .. 1, in this morning's newspapers, with great differences. He advocated a large mili­ tary establishment as a peace weapon. resentatives I hope it will come to the sadness of the death of General Arnold. attention of those who can and should, It was not generally known by Members He knew and said that if two great in­ dustrial nations came to grips in a war do something about it now. It has been of the Congress that General Arnold be .. 1 came an aviator by chance or perhaps they would both lose, even though one very cold in Nebraska. A short time ago, of them was declared the winner. I am informed, it was 32 ° below zero at one might say by accident. some places in the State. In 1907 he was graduated from the We sympathize with his family over Military Academy and was commissioned their great loss. But they should find COTTON-ACREAGE ALLOTMENT in the Infantry. He went to his Con­ great comfort from the fact that their Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr,. gressman ancl requested that he be placed loved one contributed much toward the Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to act ... : in the Cavalry. His request was not victory which we all hope will bring peace to the world. His men and the other dress the House for 1 minute and to re-­ granted and he was sent to the Philip .. vise and extend my remarks. pines as a second lieutenant in the In­ services working as a team destroyed two vicious and inhuman dictators. We all The SPEAKER. Is there objection to fantry, Later he returned to America, 1 hope that his hopes for peace and good the request of the gentleman from Mich--: and in 1911 he was transferred to the igan? Signal Corps. and became one of the pio .. will on this old world will come to pass. He will be missed by thousands who knew There was no objection: neer aviators in the armed services of the Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. United States. "Hap" Arnold as he was him personally and by millions who ad­ known won many honors as a young mired him. Speaker, it would be amusing if it was aviator. He really did not come into his EXTENSION OF REMARKS not tragic to hear the remarks of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. BECK ... own ~ntil after the First World War. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan asked and When the Chief of the Air Corps, Gen­ woRTHJ, who speaks from his head as was given permission to extend his re­ well as from his heart, and the comment eral Westover, was killed in 1939 Arnold marks in the RECORD and include two was made the Chief of the Air Corps and of the gentleman from Georgia [Mrf' editorials. coxJ. Now, over the years, who wrote was elevated to the rank of major Mr. JENSEN asked and was given per­ general.· mission to extend his remarks in the this legislation affecting cotton, any"'.'·~ Like others, he saw trouble coming and RECORD and include an editorial appear­ way, the legislation of which you nOV? he and his associates made the plans on ing in Newsweek, republished in the Des complain? You fellows on the Demo ... · which our tremendous Air Force was Moines Sunday Register, December 1.8. cratic side, the New Dealers, the Fair1 made possible when the war came to us. Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin asked and Dealers. Day after day you have been Under his leadership we had formulated was given permission to extend his re­ coming in here and squawking and belly.. a plan that sprouted until we produced marks in the RECORD in three instances aching about it. Why do you not change over 50,000 planes a year and also we had and include extraneous matter. it? Will not the big boss permit it, the machinery and facilities to train the Mr. REED of New York asked and was if he is ruining your cotton farmers, as thousands of pilots, bombardiers, and given permission to extend his remarks you claim this legislation is? He a;nd navigators to man and operate these in the RECORD in two instances and in­ John L. Lewis, between the,m, are fixmg planes. This great air armada; which clude extraneous matter. it so our people in the NG•J.·th are cold, operated in every theater in the war was Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts asked eat cold meals, go to bed to keep warm. made possible through the leadership and and was given permission to extend her You lack either the inclination or the vision of General Arnold and those who remarks in the RECORD to pay tribute to courage to do the job. You will not let worked closely with him. He really was the accomplishments of the late Gen. us do it. the spark plug that made all of this Hap Arnold. possible. VETERANS' INSURANCE He became a young officer in the THE COAL SHORTAGE Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. United States Army in 1907. At that Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad ... time there was no fear of war and we all unanimous consent to address the House dress the House for 1 minute and to re .. felt America would be secure for genera- for 1 minute. vise and extend my remarks. 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 423 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to and harried by all the problems of pro­ Top-ranking representatives of both the request of the gentlewoman from duction during the war, I have seen him labor and management in these indus­ Massachusetts? when he sensed victory. We instinc­ tries, over 50 of them, will join tomorrow There was no objection. tively admired him, who could be cheer­ in this meeting to fight to, J!)reserve these Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. ful in the face of trial, who was sad when industries and the ;obs that, they provide. Speaker, on Friday I went to the Vet­ the price of victory was the life of young NATIONAL DEFENSE erans' Administration office where they American boys, and Yet who kept his eye are getting out insurance overpayments unswervingly on the goal. The fact that Mr. PLUMLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask checks to the veterans. The Veterans' we achieved it is the real tribute to him. unanimous consent to address the House Administration call them dividends, but In South Dakota we shall remember for 1 minute. they are not dividends. It is money the him as the pilot who flew the mail in for The SPEAKER. Is there objectic....i to veterans paid into the insurance funds President · Coolidge when the summer the request of the gentleman from themselves as overpayments. Our Com­ White House was the State Game Lodge Vermont? mittee on Veterans' Affairs made an in­ in the Black Hills. He was on that mail There was no objection. vestigation in the last session of Congress run, we have understood, because he was Mr. PLUMLEY. Mr. Speaker, the and report that I think are responsible in disgrace for having supported Gen. many requests I have received from peo­ for the getting out of these checks, even Billy Mitchell's point of view on the im­ ple outside my own district asking for though belatedly. They are coming out portance of air power in national defense. copies of the speech I made on January today. That point of view prevailed, however, 12, which you will find in the RECORD on There is a misunderstanding even and eventually Major Arnold became pages A212, entitled "Defenseless Amer­ among the press. Some of the press are Gen. H. H. Arnold, Chief of the United ica," suggests it migbt be worth while writing editorials saying that this is a States ...\ir Force that knocked the famed for a Congressman or two to read it. sort of bonus given to the veterans. It is Luftwaffe out of the skies, smashed the I would like to continue by suggesting in no sense a bonus. It is a business transportation system of the enemy in that sea power will be vital to the Atlan­ proposition. It is an overpayment that Europe and then destroyed the initiative tic Alliance. the veterans made for their insurance. of the enemy in the Pacific and carried With great stretches of ocean between This money belongs to them. It is a debt the atomic bomb to Hiroshima. I would the participating members of the Atlan­ owed to the veterans that is being paid to not detract one iota from the credit due tic alliance the sea lanes must be ave­ them at -last. · anyone in the great record written by nues for both military and economic sup­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS every unit and branch of t!1e armed plies. Mrs. BOLTON of Ohio Cat the request forces in World War n, but to the extent Only sea-air power can keep them that air power contributed to final vic­ open. of Mr. VoRYS) was given permission to tory it is only proper to say that the In my opinion, we need not only one extend her remarks in the RECORD and Nation suffered a great loss when the include an editorial from the Cleveland big carrier-we need a half dozen. chief architect of our air power in World PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE ·Plain Dealer. War II died yesterday. Mr. VAN ZANDT asked and was given General Arnold's life was unquestion­ Mr. HALE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ permission to extend his remarks in the ably shortened by the tension of his serv­ mous consent to address the House for REOORD and include a report of the Al­ ice in the war. He was a great American 1 minute and revise and extend my re­ toona Chamber of Commerce for the cal­ and one of the greatest of all times. marks and include a newspaper article. endar year 1949. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. CASE of South Dakota asked and FOREIGN TRADE POLICY the request of the gentleman from was given permission to extend his re­ Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Maine? marks in the RECORD in two instances, unanimous consent to address the House There was no objection. and include in one an exchange of tele­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend my [Mr. HALE addressed the House. His grams with the American Legion of remarks. remarks appear in the Appendix. l South Dakota and in the other an The SPEAKER. Is there objection to LET US KEEP THE PENNY POSTAL RATE editorial. the request of the gentleman from Ohio? Mr. CUNNINGHAM asked and was There was no objection. Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. given permission to extend his remarks Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, many Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ in the RECORD and include a letter. industries in the United States are in a dress the House for 1 minute. Mr. JENKINS asked and was given bad way because of the foreign-trade The SPEAKER. Is there objection to permission to extend his remarks in the policy of the present administration. the request of the gentleman from New RECORD and include two releases. The situation has Lecome so serious that York? Mr. KEATING asked and was given many employees and employers are join­ There was na objection. permission to extend his remarks in the ing together to combat this growing Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. RECORD in two instances and include ex­ menace to their employment and busi­ Speaker, I was very much upset when, a traneous matter. ness. few minutes ago, I heard the report that THE LATE' GEN. H. H. ARNOLD The New Deal doctrine that some in­ the old bugbear of doubling the penny dustries should be sacrificed for the postal care:: rate is to be brought up be­ Mr. CASE of · South Dakota. Mr. benefit of others does not go well with fore long. I thought we fought that bat­ Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ those that are being sacrificed. tle out last year. But I fear once again dress the House for 1 minute. Tomorrow there will be a big meeting that this way of putting the tax on the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to here in Washington, participated in by poor man is coming up before the Con­ the request of the gentleman from South management and labor working together gress. I hope there will be enough Mem­ Dakota? and both fighting together for their eco­ bers to def eat such a bill, because it is There was no objection. _ nomic lives. The so-called New Deal definitely against the interests of the Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr. trade agreements have seriously affected people. It is the only way left for the Speaker, to the extent that victory we~t pottery and glassware output and also rank i:..nd file to send messages in any to air power during World War II, it the production of matches, cedar shin­ profusion through the mails. I believe should be a matter of national mourning gles, fish and sea food, scientific instru­ the penny postcard should be retained, that the chief architect of our air power ments, gloves-both leather ·and wool­ and I hope the House will not take action in the war passed away yesterday. hats and millinery, hothouse vegetables, to the contrary. It was my privilege to see Gen. "Hap" aluminum products, kaolin and book The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ Arnold at close range during the war products. tleman from New York has expired. years and the years immediately prior The constant efforts of Secretary thereto as a member of the committee Acheson and of Mr. Hoffman and others INTERNATTONAL WHEAT AGREEMENT making appropriations for the Air Force. to persuade the public to buy foreign Mr. HOPE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ I have seen him when he was stern, I goods rather than those made In this mous consent to address the House for 1 have seen him when he was gentle, I country threaten the continued existence minute and revise and extend my re­ have seen him when he was harassed of these very impcrtant industries. marks. 424 ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. PHILLIPS of California. Mr. pated in the recent Queen of America the request of the gentleman from Speaker, it is interesting to note the first contest on the Mutual Broadcasting Kansas? Jackson Day dinner, on January 8, 1835, System's Queen for a Day program. There was no objection. was held to celebrate the fact that the This queen was not selected for her Mr. HOPE. Mr. Speaker, since the new little Republic was free from debt. beauty qualifications alone, instead, she end of the war one of our major outlets The United States had no national debt. was chosen by women's club representa­ for wheat has been Germany u1d Japan. The Jackson Day dinners throughout the tives for her voluntary contributions in This wheat llas been purchased by the country this year are presumably being the field of public service, particularly United States Army and paid for by held to celebrate the fact that, under among distressed and underprivileged the taxpayers of this country. This will Harry S. Truman, the United States has people. be necessary as long as the occupation a national debt of over $257 ,000,000,000, It is with great personal pride· that I lasts, because these countries cannot the largest peacetime debt in our history, .mention Mrs. Sally Baker, a resident of produce enough food to supply their peo­ and perhaps to celebrate the fact that in Pikeville, Ky. She has given over a ple. The amount so consumed has been time of peace and employment, this debt quarter century of her life aiding the more than 150,000,000 bushels per year. is being increased at the rate of from peQple in the villages and mountains Today representatives of the member five to ten billions a year. I rise to re­ of eastern Kentucky. She was highly nations of the International Wheat mind my Democratic friends that the praised by hospitals, churches, and citi­ Agreement are meeting in London to purpose of the Jackson Day dinner seems zens and charity groups. She is truly the consider the admission of western Ger­ to have changed in 115 years. "queen of America." Shortly she will de­ many and Japan as members of the In­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the part for a European tour to talk with ternational Wheat Agreement. It is my gentleman yield? individuals and groups participating in understanding that our delegate to this Mr. PHILLIPS of California. I yield. club work and humanitarian endeavors meeting has been instructed to vote for Mr. DINGELL.. How did the ·gentle­ there. I am sure that the Mutual Broad­ the admission Jf Germany and Japan. man vote on the tax cut in the Eightieth casting System, its Queen for a Day pro­ If they are admitted, it means that they Congress? gram, and clubwomen ·of America have will hereafter secure most, if not all, of Mr. PHILLIPS of California. I voted made a wise selection. Mrs. Sally Baker, their wheat imports under the Interna­ for all tax cuts. of my own State of Kentucky, and from tional Wheat Agreement. But that is Mr. DINGELL. I thought so. my own congressional district, is a not all. As soon as these countries are The SPEAKER. The time of ,the gen­ worthy ambassador of good will. She admitted, Canada and Australia will de­ tleman from California has expired. represents the type of womanhood that mand that 30,000,000 bushels of the EXTENSION OF REM/. ~KS makes up eastern Kentucky. wheat so imported into Germany and Mr. PHILLIPS of California asked and THE PENNY POSTAL CARD Japan under the agreement be allotted was given permission to extend his re­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. to them as exporters. If this demand is marks in the Appendix of the RECORD. Speaker, Iask unanimous consent to ad­ granted, 30,000,000 bushels of the wheat Mr. TOLLEFSON asked and was given dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ which in the past has been supplied by permission to extend his remarks in the .vise and extend my remarks. United States producers and paid for by RECORD and include extraneous matter. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the taxpayers of the Unitec~ States and Mr. CRAWFORD asked and was given the request of the gentleman from which will continue to be paid for by the permission to extend his remarks in the California? taxpayers of the United States, will be RECORD and include a letter. There was no objection. supplied by the wheat growers of Canada Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. and Australia, who have not been asked Mr. SADLAK asked and was given per­ mission to extend his remarks in the ·Speaker, I was interested in the remarks to reduce their acreage and who will RECORD and include two editorials. ,of the gentleman from New York lMr. never have to reduce their acreage if we Mr. JUDD asked and was given per­ EDWIN ARTHUR HALL] about the proposed continue to turn over to them export mission to extend his remarks in the increase in rates on the penny postal markets which rightfully belong to us. RECORD in four instances and in each to card. I would like to call his attention In the meantime, our wheat exports to the fact that we subsidize business in are shrinking, surpluses are accumulat­ include extraneous matter. Mr. MILLER of California asked and a big way through the present penny ing, and the farmers of the United was given permission to extend his re­ postal card. It costs about 2.6 cents to States, pursuant to the acreage allot­ marks in the RECORD and include an edi­ deliver each penny postal card, and 90 ment program announced by the Secre­ percent of them are used by business tary of Agriculture, are cutting their torial. SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED .firms in the solicitation of business or in wheat acreage by 10,000,000 acres. the conduct of their business. This is a EXTENSION OF REMARKS Mr. CANFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I ask _hidden subsidy that the Government is .unanimous consent that on Tuesday, fol­ paying·them. It is to wipe out a part of Mr. HOEVEN asked and was given per­ lowing the business of the day and any mission to extend his remarks in the this subsidy that the bill I have men­ other special orders, I may address the tioned was introduced. RECORD and include an editorial. House for 10 minutes. Mr. MACK of Washington asked and Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, will the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to gentleman yield? was given permission to extend his re­ the request of the gentleman from New marks in the RECORD in three instances Mr. MILLER of California. I Yield. Jersey? Mr. WILLIAMS. This is just another and include extraneous material. There was no objection. Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin asked and was attempt to wipe out a part of that deficit given permission to extend his remarks EXTENSION OF REMARKS that the gentleman and his party have in the RECORD in three instances; in two Mr. BENTSEN asked and was given been talking about so much? to include editorials, and in the third, permission to extend his remarks in the Mr. MILLER of California. That is an article from the Kiwanis magazine. RECORD. right. Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ Mr. GAVIN asked and was given per­ QUEEN OF AMERICA mission to extend his remarks in the tleman yield? RECORD in three instances and to include Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. MILLER of California. I yield. two editorials and one newspaper article. unanimous consent to address the House Mr. RICH. Why do you not bring a for 1 minute and to revise and extend my bill in here to raise the penny post card, JACKSON DAY DINNER remarks. and why do you not raise the price of Mr. PHILLIPS of California. Mr. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to parcel post, and a lot of things, and let Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ the request of the gentleman from Ken­ them try to pay their own way? You dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ tuck:y? will get a vote over here on that. vise and extend my remarks. There was no objection. Mr. MILLER of California. I will tell The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I should the gentleman there is a bill, H. R. 2945, the request of the gentleman from Cali­ like to express my appreciation to the ·that is presently before the Rules Com­ fornia? thousands of women's clubs and club­ mittee, that has been reported, and we There was no objection women throughout America who partici- hope to get it before the House shortly, 1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 425 which raises the penny postal card. It Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, on last tury has seen a more intelligent man, a also serves notice on the people who re­ · 'Wednesday my local paper, the Akron more progressive man, and a man willing to ceive these postal subsidies that we are . Beacon-Journal, which is one of a chain do more for himself and for humanity. The trend through the ages has been toward a going to end them. At the present time . ha\Ting papers in Detroit, Miami, and more liberal form of government. - many businesses predicate that business Chicago, sponsored a high-school day The Government of the United States has on the subsidies they receive from the and allowed high-school students to edit followed the trend. We have had a type Government in the form of special treat­ the paper. Two of the students, Shirley of welfare state ever since the first t ariff ment. We hope in time to end this prac­ Schley, of St. Vincent High School, and was levied, ever since the Government tice and eliminate the so-called postal Joe cooper, of West High School, wrote started subsidizing groups in the country, deficit. editorials on the so-called welfare state. and ever since there has been a United States Mr. RICH. Will the gentleman's bill While we may or may not agree with Post Office Department. pay its way? their thinking, I am sure we will all agree The fact that we've had a type of wel­ that their fresliness of thought is most fare state ever since we've been a nation is Mr. MILLER of California. Yes; part what the opponents of a welfare state have of it, not all of it. inspiring. In view of the soggy drivel · overlooked in their zeal to discredit it. The SPEAKER. The time of the gen· which most of our country's newspapers When they continue to contend that they tleman from California has expired. · inflict upon the reading public, I would are against all the principles of a welfare EXTENSION OF REMARKS suggest that many of them should re­ state completely they fail to realize that this cruit high-school students to write all of places them in opposition to fire and police Mr. GRANGER asked and was given their editorials. departments, waterworks, tariffs, Federal permission to insert in the Appendix of No doubt some editorial writers may grants, even the postal system. Clearly the the RECORD a radio broadcast, notwith­ · reply that we should elect high-school , issue is not whether to have a welfare state, . standing the fact that.it exceeds the limit but rather to what extent to have a wel­ students to Congress, and to that I would fare state. established by the Joint Committee on · have no objection. Printing and will cost $328. The welfare state should go to this extent: Reporters by and large get out and 1. It .should protect and safeguard the Mr. HOLIFIELD asked and was given · learn the facts .. but too many e.ditorial individual from matters over which the in­ permission to extend his remarks in the writers grind out the same old tunes, dividual has no control, but which can harm RECORD and include extraneous material. with never a new thought or idea. So I him, such as sickness, accident, old age, de­ Mr. CLEMENTE asked and was given · commend the editorials of these young pression, and inflation, to mention a few. · · permission to extend his remarks in the people to the attention of the Members: 2. It should guarantee our citizens equal RECORD on the story of the development TWO VIEWS ON THE WELFARE STATE · social, moral, and economic opportunities of the typographical union. and equalize these opportunities. This in­ As the 1950 campaign opens, both Demo­ cludes civil rights and aid to education. Mr. DAVIS of Georgia asked and was crat and Republican leaders are vigorously given permission· to extend his remarks engaged 1n shaping party platforms. Al­ 3. It should proviqe for the general wel­ in the RECORD and include extraneous ready the welfare state, that much-used fare of the people by s~epping in whenever matter. · and much-abused term, has entered the the people need and want something they Mr. THOMPSON asked and was given controversy. are not receiving adequately through pri­ permission to extend his remarks in the Philip Willkie, Republican representative vate funds. A good example on this point Appendix of the RECORD and include an to the Indiana State Legislature, substituted ls the Government's housing program. for this term one which better describes the Truly a welfare state is just a state de­ editorial. goal of many Republicans. Mr. Willkie ap­ . signed more and more to help the people Mr. COLMER asked and was given peals for the opportunity state. In essence, · help themselves: Actually a welfare state · permission to extend his remarks in: the his plan might be summed up as public · ls a Fair Deal state. Appendix of the RECORD in two separate welfare through private funds. Many liberal ·Republicans will concede · instances and include extraneous matter. Liberal Republicans are quite w1lling to the need for certain welfare legislation but ·Mr. DINGELL asked and was given agree that during the past 20 years the they will argue, "Let's. do it through pri­ permission to insert in the RECORD a American concept of a democratic form of vate funds." This is a utopian attitude. speech by the Honorable M. W. Szym. government has changed. Members of Con­ Private business on the whole is neither czak, a member of the Board of Gover· gress are now charged not only with the re­ willing nor able to provide for the public sponsibility of guarding the present welfare welfare. The Government is the people's in- nors of the Federal Reserve System, not· ·of the public, but with obtaining better withstanding the fact that it exceeds the conditions for more people. Besides the . strument and because it ls both able and limit prescribed by the Joint Committee basic freedoms, many workers of today are willing, it looks out for the public welfare. on Printing and will cost $191.34. asking for security. · Others condemn the welfare state because Mr. ANGELL asked and was given per· There has been an increasing tendency to it can be mismanaged or because it can be mission to extend his remarks iri the obtain this security at the price of destroy­ carried too far and become socialism. That ing individuality. A person is not regarded is true. Anything can be mismanaged or RECORD and include. an editorial on pen­ as capable of thought and action, but rather carried too far. · sions and general welfare. written by . as a statistic, an automaton that pays in­ The people need and want a welfare state . E. B. Clar~. of his district. come tax and receives social security. They proved it in the last election. We SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED Incentive was the spark that kindled early .should not look at the welfare state seeing American democracy. Why not put this only its cost and not- its value. Mr. .SCRIVNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask powerful force to work again? JOE COOPER, unanimous consent to address the House A few experiments along this line have West High School. for 20 minutes on Wednesday next, or if been made in the past and proved success­ there be no session of the House that ful. The New York Port Authority, with the MESSAGE FROM THE PP..ESIDENT OF THE day, then on the following day, at the cooperation of both New York and New Jer­ UNITED STATES-SECOND ANNUAL RE­ sey, has succeeded in building and maintain­ PORT FOR THE PHILIPPINE ALIEN conclusion of the legislative business of ing airports, bridges, and tunnels. These, PROPERTY ADMINISTRATION (H. DOC. the day and any special orders hereto· While used by the public, have been :financed NO. 449) fore entered, on the subject Those Are exclusively with private funds. Similar Your Tax Laws. action by New York City has made possible The SPEAKER laid before the House The SPEAKER. Is there objection the building of modern low-cost housing by the following message from the President to the request of the gentleman from private concerns. of the United States, which was read, and Kansas? When the Roosevelt administration took together with the accompanying papers office, there was little private capital avail­ referred to the Committee on Foreign There was no objection. able for this type 'Of development. Now that EDITORIAL ABILITY the situation has almos;t reversed itself, it Affairs: 1s time to take advantage of it. To the Cong.ress of the United States: Mr. HUBER. Mr.· Speaker, I ask It remains for America to take advantage unanimous consent to address the House of the ingenuity and incentive that has made I transmit herewith for the informa· for 1 minute and to revise and extend her great. tion of the Congress the second· annual . my remarks. · SHIRLEY ScHLEY, report for the Philippine Alien Property The SPEAKER. Is there objection St. Vincent High School. Administration for the 'fiscal year ended to the request of the gentleman from June 30, 1948. Ohio? We have been progressing toward a wel­ HARRY S. TRUMAN. There was no objection. fare state from time immemorial. Each cen- THE WHITE HOUSE, Jan~Lary 13. 1950. ., 426 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JANUARY 16 f · MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE hibits the disposal of the facilities in the in all of the products for which it would UNITED STATES-THE RUBBER POLICY synthetic rubber program, it declares it be used in an emergency, it is desirable OF THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. to be the policy of the Congress that that the Government's authority to con­ 448) Government ownership shall terminate duct research in this field continue. The The SPEAKER laid before the House whenever consistent with national secu­ physical properties of GR-S have been _the following message from the President rity. The act provides that on or before steadily improved in recent years, and at 1of the United States, which was read, January 15, 1950, the President shall rec­ present the quality differences between ~ and together with the accompanying ommend to the Congress "legislation with GR-Sand natural rubber for peacetime • vapers referred to the Committee on the respect to disposal of Government-owned general-purpose uses f the gentleman from North igan? ment Act of May 29, 1930, prior to April Carolina? There was no objection. l, 1948. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. That completes the Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Spe'aker, I FOREST RECREATIONAL RESOURCES list of the eligible bills on the Consent ask unanimous consent that this bill be Calendar. passed over without prejudice. The Clerk called the bill

430. :coNQRESSIONAL RECORD.-HQVSE JANUARY 16 The SPEAKER pro tempore. ·The time domestic fur industry, which has been Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ of the gentleman from Texas has again put out of business by cheaper products mous consent that the gentleman's time expired. coming in under the reciprocal trade­ may be extended five additional minutes. Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask ~greements program, free, or practically Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, reserv­ unanimous consent that the gentleman free of any tax or tariff protection. So I ing the right to object, and I shall not, I may proceed for an additional 5 am interested, in answer to the gentle­ wish to ask the gentleman a question. minutes. man's question to me, in seeing to it if we The SPEAKER pro tempore. The The SPEAKER pro tempore