Stadtgeographische Prozesse Und Strukturen in Neapel

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Stadtgeographische Prozesse Und Strukturen in Neapel Stadtgeographische Prozesse und Strukturen in Neapel Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Naturwissenschaften an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Sandra BUCHBAUER am Institut für Geographie und Raumforschung Begutachter Ao. Univ. Prof. Dr. Peter Čede Graz, 2018 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich erkläre ehrenwörtlich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig und ohne fremde Hilfe verfasst, andere als die angegebenen Quellen nicht benutzt und die den Quellen wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht habe. Die Arbeit wurde bisher in gleicher oder ähnlicher Form keiner anderen inländischen oder ausländischen Prüfungsbehörde vorgelegt und auch noch nicht veröffentlicht. Die vorliegende Fassung entspricht der eingereichten elektronischen Version. Datum Unterschrift II Zusammenfassung Zusammenfassung Italien ist eines der beliebtesten Reiseziele der Österreicher. Die meisten verbringen ihren Urlaub eher im Norden Italiens oder in der Hauptstadt Rom. Der Ruf der Stadt Neapel gefährlich zu sein, schreckt viele ab. „Vedi Napoli e poi muori“ ist eine bekannte italienische Redewendung, die ausdrücken soll, wie schön und auch mystisch die Stadt Neapel ist. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die süditalienische Stadt Neapel und dessen stadtgeographische Prozesse und Strukturen näher beleuchtet. Nach der Erläuterung der Stadtentwicklung in Nord- und Mittelitalien im Gegensatz zu Süditalien beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit dem Städtesystem in Nord- und Mittelitalien sowie in Süditalien. Darauf folgt die stadtgeographische Analyse von Neapel, die folgende Punkte umfasst: ein geographischer Überblick über die Lage, die historische Entwicklung der Stadt, die Bevölkerungsentwicklung und -strukturen, die räumliche Gliederung Neapels, die persistenten Strukturen der Stadt, die Altstadterhaltung und –revitalisierung sowie abschließend die aktuellen Prozesse und Strukturen. III Abstract Abstract Italy is one of the most popular holiday destinations for Austrians. Most of them spend their holidays in northern Italy or in the capital city Rome. The dangerous reputation of the city of Naples deters many. "Vedi Napoli e poi muori" is a well-known Italian idiomatic expression that is meant to convey how beautiful and mystical the city Naples is. This paper will examine the city of Naples in the south of Italy and the city's urban structures and processes. After explaining the urban development in northern and central Italy in contrast to southern Italy, the work deals with the urban system in northern and central Italy as well as in southern Italy. This is followed by the city's geographical analysis of Naples, which includes the following points: a geographical overview of the position, the historical development of the city, the development and structures of the population, the spatial structure of Naples, the persistent structures of the city, the preservation and revitalization of the old town and finally the current processes and structures. IV Sommario Sommario L'Italia è una delle destinazioni di viaggio più famosi per gli austriaci. La maggior parte trascorre le vacanze nel nord d’Italia o nel capoluogo Roma. La reputazione della città di Napoli di essere pericolosa, distoglie molti. "Vedi Napoli e poi muori" è un idioma italiano ben noto che ha lo scopo di esprimere quanto la città Napoli sia bella e mistica. Nel presente lavoro si esamina la città italiana meridionale di Napoli e i processi e le strutture geografiche della città. Dopo aver spiegato lo sviluppo urbanistico dell'Italia settentrionale e centrale in contrasto con l'Italia meridionale, il lavoro si occupa del sistema urbano dell'Italia settentrionale e centrale così come dell'Italia meridionale. Questo è seguito dall'analisi geografica della città di Napoli, che comprende i seguenti punti: una panoramica geografica della posizione, lo sviluppo storico della città, lo sviluppo e le strutture della popolazione, la struttura spaziale di Napoli, le strutture persistenti della città, la conservazione e rivitalizzazione della città vecchia e infine i processi e le strutture attuali. V Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis Eidesstattliche Erklärung ................................................................................................... II Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................... III Abstract ........................................................................................................................... IV Sommario ......................................................................................................................... V Inhaltsverzeichnis ............................................................................................................ VI Abbildungsverzeichnis ..................................................................................................... IX Tabellenverzeichnis ......................................................................................................... XI 1. Einleitung .................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Problemstellung und Zielsetzung ................................................................................... 12 1.2 Arbeitsgrundlagen und Methodik .................................................................................. 13 1.3 Die geographische Lage Italiens ..................................................................................... 14 2. Historische Stadtentwicklung in Italien ........................................................................ 16 2.1 Die Antike in Nord-, Mittel- und Süditalien .................................................................... 16 2.2 Die Germaneneinwanderung in Nord-, Mittel- und Süditalien ..................................... 19 2.3 Die Trennung der Stadtentwicklung von Nord-, Mittel- und Süditalien ........................ 20 2.3.1 Die Stadtentwicklung in Nord- und Mittelitalien .................................................... 21 2.3.2 Die Stadtentwicklung in Süditalien ......................................................................... 25 2.4 Die Stadtentwicklung im 19. Jahrhundert in Italien ....................................................... 29 2.5 Die Stadtentwicklung im 20. Jahrhundert in Italien ....................................................... 31 2.6 Vergleich der Stadtentwicklung in Nord- und Mittelitalien zu Süditalien ..................... 32 3. Das Städtesystem in Italien ......................................................................................... 35 3.1 Historische Stadttypen in Italien .................................................................................... 36 3.2 Die toskanischen Städte ................................................................................................. 38 3.2.1 Die Gebäudetypen im Centro Storico ..................................................................... 39 3.2.1.1 Die öffentlichen Repräsentationsbauten ......................................................... 39 3.2.1.2 Die Wehrtürme................................................................................................. 41 3.2.1.3 Die privaten Palazzi .......................................................................................... 41 3.2.1.4 Die einfachen Massenwohnhäuser .................................................................. 43 3.2.1.5 Die Borghi ......................................................................................................... 43 3.2.1.6 Die Klöster ........................................................................................................ 44 3.2.1.7 Die Neubauten ................................................................................................. 44 VI Inhaltsverzeichnis 3.2.2 Die Auswirkungen der Stadtentwicklungsphasen auf die Anordnung der Gebäudetypen ......................................................................................................... 45 3.3 Die sizilianischen Städte ................................................................................................. 50 3.3.1 Die Gebäudetypen im Centro Storico ..................................................................... 51 3.3.1.1 Die öffentlichen Repräsentationsbauten ......................................................... 52 3.3.1.2 Die Palazzi ......................................................................................................... 52 3.3.1.3 Die Rücken-an-Rücken-Häuser ......................................................................... 54 3.3.1.4 Die Klöster ........................................................................................................ 56 3.3.1.5 Die Neubauten des 19. Jahrhunderts ............................................................... 56 3.3.1.6 Die Hochhäuser des 20. Jahrhunderts ............................................................. 56 3.3.2 Die Auswirkungen der Stadtentwicklungsphasen auf die Anordnung der Gebäudetypen ......................................................................................................... 57 3.4 Vergleich der toskanischen und sizilianischen Städte.................................................... 58 3.5 Die Stadtregionen Italiens .............................................................................................. 59 3.5.1 Die Stadtregionen
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