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1991Apj. . .370. . .78H the Astrophysical Journal
The Astrophysical Journal, 370:78-101,1991 March 20 .78H . © 1991. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. .370. SPATIALLY RESOLVED OPTICAL IMAGES OF HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS 1991ApJ. Timothy M. Heckman,12,3 Matthew D. Lehnert,1,2,4 Wil van Breugel,3,5 and George K. Miley2,3,6 Received 1990 June 21 ; accepted 1990 August 29 ABSTRACT We present and discuss the results of a program of deep optical imaging of 19 high-redshift (z > 2) radio- loud QSOs. These data represent the first large body of nonradio detections of spatially resolved structure surrounding high-redshift QSOs. _1 In 15 of 18 cases, the Lya emission is spatially resolved, with a typical size of 100 kpc (for H0 = 75 km s 1 44 _1 Mpc“ ; q0 = 0). The luminosity of the resolved Lya is «10 ergs s («10% of the total Lya luminosity). The nebulae are usually asymmetric and/or elongated with a morphological axis that aligns with the radio source axis to better than « 30°. These properties are quite similar to those of the Lya nebulae associated with high-z radio galaxies. The brighter side of the nebula is generally on the same side as the brighter radio emis- sion and/or one-sided, jetlike radio structure. There is no strong correlation between the Lya isophotal and radio sizes (the Lya nebulae range from several times larger than the radio source to several times smaller). None of the properties of the nebulae correlate with the presence or strength of C iv “associated” absorption C^abs ^ ^em)* It is likely that the nebulae are the interstellar or circumgalactic medium of young or even protogalaxies being photoionized by QSO radiation that escapes anisotropically along the radio axis. -
Pos(NLS1)058 Ce of Broad Emission Lines in Their Ds Reveals Strong Similarities in the Ant Differences (E.G
BL Lac objects with optical jets: PKS 2201+044, 3C 371 and PKS 0521-365. PoS(NLS1)058 E∗. Liuzzo Istituto di Radioastronomia-INAF-Bologna (Italy) E-mail: [email protected] R. Falomo Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova-INAF (Italy) A. Treves Università dell’Insubria (Como-Italy), associated to INAF and INFN We investigate the properties of the three BL Lac objects, PKS 2201+044, 3C 371 and PKS 0521- 365, that exhibit prominent optical jets. We present high resolution near-IR images of the jet of the first two, obtained with an innovative adaptive-optics system (MAD) at ESO VLT telescope. Comparison of the jet in the optical, radio, NIR and X-ray bands reveals strong similarities in the morphology. A common property of these sources is the presence of broad emission lines in their optical spectra at variance with the typical featureless spectrum of the nearby BL Lac objects. Despite some resemblances (e.g. in the radio type), significant differences (e.g. in the central black hole masses and radio structures) with radio-loud NLS1s are found. Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies and their place in the Universe - NLS1, April 04-06, 2011 Milan Italy ∗Speaker. c Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence. http://pos.sissa.it/ BL Lac objects with optical jets. E 1. Introduction Radio loud (RL) Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), in the contrary to their radio quiet (RQ) counterparts, show prominent jets mainly observable in the radio band. Blazars, including BL Lac objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), are an important class of RL AGNs in which jets are relativistic and beamed in the observing direction. -
Page 1 of 45 “Journey to a Black Hole”
“Journey to a Black Hole” Demonstration Manual What is a black hole? How are they made? Where can you find them? How do they influence the space and time around them? Using hands-on activities and visual resources from NASA's exploration of the universe, these activities take audiences on a mind-bending adventure through our universe. 1. How to Make a Black Hole [Stage Demo, Audience Participation] (Page 3) 2. The Little Black Hole That Couldn’t [Stage Demo, Audience Participation] (Page 6) 3. It’s A Bird! It’s a Plane! It’s a Supernova! [Stage Demo] (Page 10) 4. Where Are the Black Holes? [Stage Demo, Audience Participation] (Page 14) 5. Black Holes for Breakfast [Make-and-Take…and eat!] (Page 17) 6. Modeling a Black Hole [Cart Activity] (Page 19) 7. How to Spot a Black Hole [Stage Demo, Audience Participation] (Page 25) 8. Black Hole Hide and Seek [Cart Activity] (Page 29) 9. Black Hole Lensing [Stage Demo, Audience Participation] (Page 32) 10. Spaghettification [Make-and-Take] (Page 35) Many of these activities were inspired by or adapted from existing activities. Each such write-up contains a link to these original sources. In addition to supply lists, procedure and discussion, each activity lists a supplemental visualization and/or presentation that illustrates a key idea from the activity. Although many of these supplemental resources are available from the “Inside Einstein’s Universe” web site, specific links are given, along with a brief annotated description of each resource. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Note: the science of black holes may not be immediately accessible to the younger members of your audience, but each activity includes hands-on participatory aspects to engage these visitors (pre-teen and below). -
Extragalactic Radio Jets
Annual Reviews www.annualreviews.org/aronline Ann. Rev. Astron.Astrophys. 1984. 22 : 319-58 Copyright© 1984 by AnnualReviews Inc. All rights reserved EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO JETS Alan H. Bridle National Radio AstronomyObservatory, 1 Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 Richard A. Perley National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Socorro, New Mexico 87801 1. INTRODUCTION Powerful extended extragalactic radio sources pose two vexing astro- physical problems [reviewed in (147) and (157)]. First, from what energy reservoir do they draw their large radio luminosities (as muchas 10a8 W between 10 MHzand 100 GHz)?Second, how does the active center in the parent galaxy or QSOsupply as muchas 10~4 J in relativistic particles and fields to radio "lobes" up to several hundredkiloparsecs outside the optical object? Newaperture synthesis arrays (68, 250) and new image-processing algorithms (66, 101, 202, 231) have recently allowed radio imaging subarcsecond resolution with high sensitivity and high dynamicrange; as a result, the complexityof the brighter sources has been revealed clearly for the first time. Manycontain radio jets, i.e. narrow radio features between compact central "cores" and more extended "lobe" emission. This review examinesthe systematic properties of such jets and the dues they give to the by PURDUE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY on 01/16/07. For personal use only. physics of energy transfer in extragalactic sources. Wedo not directly consider the jet production mechanism,which is intimately related to the Annu. Rev. Astro. Astrophys. 1984.22:319-358. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org first problemnoted above--for reviews, see (207) and (251). 1. i Why "’Jets"? Baade & Minkowski(3) first used the term jet in an extragalactic context, describing the train of optical knots extending ,-~ 20" from the nucleus of M87; the knots resemble a fluid jet breaking into droplets. -
Structure in Radio Galaxies
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Near Infrared Observations of Quasars with Extended Ionized Envelopes
A&A manuscript no. ASTRONOMY (will be inserted by hand later) AND Your thesaurus codes are: 11.01.2; 11.06.2; 11.09.2; 11.16.1; 11.17.3; 13.09.1 ASTROPHYSICS Near infrared observations of quasars with extended ionized envelopes ⋆ I. M´arquez1,2, F. Durret2,3, and P. Petitjean2,3 1 Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Andaluc´ıa (C.S.I.C.), Apartado 3004 , E-18080 Granada, Spain 2 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, 98bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France 3 DAEC, Observatoire de Paris, Universit´eParis VII, CNRS (UA 173), F-92195 Meudon Cedex, France Received, ; accepted, Abstract. We have observed a sample of 15 and 8 1. Introduction quasars with redshifts between 0.11 and 0.87 (mean value 0.38) in the J and K’ bands respectively. Eleven of the Attempts to understand properties of active galactic nu- quasars were previously known to be associated with ex- clei (AGN) and their cosmological evolution has led to the tended emission line regions. After deconvolution of the conclusion that the AGN activity as a whole is most likely image, substraction of the PSF when possible, and identi- to be described as a succession of episodic and time lim- fication of companions with the help of HST archive im- ited events happening in most if not all galaxies (Cavaliere ages when available, extensions are seen for at least eleven & Padovani 1989, Collin-Souffrin 1991). The most plausi- quasars. However, average profiles are different from that ble explanation for the onset of activity is fuelling of the of the PSF in only four objects, for which a good fit is nucleus by gas streaming towards the center of the galaxy obtained with an r1/4 law, suggesting that the underlying as a result of interaction, accretion or merging events. -
Cycle 12 Abstract Catalog
Cycle 12 Abstract Catalog Generated April 04, 2003 ================================================================================ Proposal Category: GO Scientific Category: ISM AND CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER ID: 9718 Title: SMC Extinction Curve Towards a Quiescent Molecular Cloud PI: Francois Boulanger PI Institution: Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale The lack of 2175 A bump in the SMC extinction curve is interpreted as an absence of small carbon grains. ISO Mid-IR observations support this interpretation by showing that PAH features are absent in the spectra of SMC and LMC massive star forming regions. However, the only ISO observation of an SMC quiescent molecular cloud shows all PAH features, indicating a PAH abundance relative to large dust grains similar to that of Milky Way clouds. We identified a reddened B2III star associated with this cloud. We propose to observe it with STIS. This observation will provide the first measure of the extinction properties of SMC dust away from star forming regions. It will allow us to disentangle the effects of metallicity and massive stars on the SMC extinction curve and dust composition and to assess the relevance of the SMC bump-free extinction curve to low metallicity and/or starburst galaxies in general. ================================================================================ Proposal Category: GO Scientific Category: STELLAR POPULATIONS ID: 9719 Title: Search For Metallicity Spreads in M31 Globular Clusters PI: Terry Bridges PI Institution: Anglo-Australian Observatory Our recent deep HST photometry of the M31 halo globular cluster (GC) Mayall~II, also called G1, has revealed a red-giant branch with a clear spread that we attribute to an intrinsic metallicity dispersion of at least 0.4 dex in [Fe/H]. -
JRP Angel and HS Stockman.“Optical and Infrared Polarization of Active
Bibliography J.R.P. Angel and H.S. Stockman. \Optical and infrared polarization of active extragalactic objects.". Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys., 8:321{361, 1980. S. Ant¶on and I. Browne. \Host galaxies of Flat Radio Spectrum Sources.". In L.O. Takalo and A. SillanpÄaÄa, editors, BL Lac Phenomenon, volume 159 of A.S.P. Conference Series, pages 377{380, 1999. R.R.J. Antonucci. \Polarization of active galactic nuclei and quasars". In M. Kafatos, editor, Supermassive Black Holes, Proceedings of the 3rd George Mason Astrophysics Workshop, pages 26{38. Cambridge Univer- sity Press, Cambridge, 1988. R.R.J. Antonucci and J.S. Ulvestad. \Extended radio emission and the nature of blazars.". Astrophys. J., 294:158{182, 1985. W. Baade. \Polarization in the jet of Messier 87.". Astrophys. J., 123: 550{551, 1956. J. N. Bahcall, S. Kirhakos, D. H. Saxe, and D. P. Schneider. \Hubble Space Telescope Images of a Sample of 20 Nearby Luminous Quasars". Astro- phys. J., 479:642{658, 1997. J.N. Bahcall, S. Kirhakos, D.P. Schneider, R.J. Davis, T.W.B. Muxlow, S.T. Garrington, R.G. Conway, and S.C. Unwin. \HST and MERLIN observations of the jet in 3C 273.". Astrophys. J., Lett., 452:L91{L93, 1995. R. Barvainis. \Free-free emission and the big blue bump in Active Galactic Nuclei.". Astrophys. J., 412:513{523, 1993. 152 BIBLIOGRAPHY S. A. Baum, C. P. O'Dea, G. Giovannini, J. Biretta, W. B. Cotton, S. de Ko®, L. Feretti, D. Golombek, L. Lara, F. D. Macchetto, G. K. Miley, W. B. Sparks, T. -
The Astrology of Space
The Astrology of Space 1 The Astrology of Space The Astrology Of Space By Michael Erlewine 2 The Astrology of Space An ebook from Startypes.com 315 Marion Avenue Big Rapids, Michigan 49307 Fist published 2006 © 2006 Michael Erlewine/StarTypes.com ISBN 978-0-9794970-8-7 All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Graphics designed by Michael Erlewine Some graphic elements © 2007JupiterImages Corp. Some Photos Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech 3 The Astrology of Space This book is dedicated to Charles A. Jayne And also to: Dr. Theodor Landscheidt John D. Kraus 4 The Astrology of Space Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................... 5 Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................... 15 Astrophysics for Astrologers .................................. 17 Astrophysics for Astrologers .................................. 22 Interpreting Deep Space Points ............................. 25 Part II: The Radio Sky ............................................ 34 The Earth's Aura .................................................... 38 The Kinds of Celestial Light ................................... 39 The Types of Light ................................................. 41 Radio Frequencies ................................................. 43 Higher Frequencies ............................................... -
Not Yet Imagined: a Study of Hubble Space Telescope Operations
NOT YET IMAGINED A STUDY OF HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OPERATIONS CHRISTOPHER GAINOR NOT YET IMAGINED NOT YET IMAGINED A STUDY OF HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OPERATIONS CHRISTOPHER GAINOR National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Communications NASA History Division Washington, DC 20546 NASA SP-2020-4237 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Gainor, Christopher, author. | United States. NASA History Program Office, publisher. Title: Not Yet Imagined : A study of Hubble Space Telescope Operations / Christopher Gainor. Description: Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Communications, NASA History Division, [2020] | Series: NASA history series ; sp-2020-4237 | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “Dr. Christopher Gainor’s Not Yet Imagined documents the history of NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope (HST) from launch in 1990 through 2020. This is considered a follow-on book to Robert W. Smith’s The Space Telescope: A Study of NASA, Science, Technology, and Politics, which recorded the development history of HST. Dr. Gainor’s book will be suitable for a general audience, while also being scholarly. Highly visible interactions among the general public, astronomers, engineers, govern- ment officials, and members of Congress about HST’s servicing missions by Space Shuttle crews is a central theme of this history book. Beyond the glare of public attention, the evolution of HST becoming a model of supranational cooperation amongst scientists is a second central theme. Third, the decision-making behind the changes in Hubble’s instrument packages on servicing missions is chronicled, along with HST’s contributions to our knowledge about our solar system, our galaxy, and our universe. -
Radio Galaxies Dominate the High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray
FERMILAB-PUB-16-128-A Prepared for submission to JCAP Radio Galaxies Dominate the High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray Background Dan Hoopera;b;c Tim Lindend and Alejandro Lopeze;a aFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Center for Particle Astrophysics, Batavia, IL 60510 bUniversity of Chicago, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Chicago, IL 60637 cUniversity of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago, IL 60637 dOhio State University, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physcis (CCAPP), Colum- bus, OH 43210 eMichigan Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. It has been suggested that unresolved radio galaxies and radio quasars (sometimes referred to as misaligned active galactic nuclei) could be responsible for a significant fraction of the observed diffuse gamma-ray background. In this study, we use the latest data from the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope to characterize the gamma-ray emission from a sample of 51 radio galaxies. In addition to those sources that had previously been detected using Fermi data, we report here the first statistically significant detection of gamma-ray emission from the radio galaxies 3C 212, 3C 411, and B3 0309+411B. Combining this information with the radio fluxes, radio luminosity function, and redshift distribution of this source class, we +25:4 find that radio galaxies dominate the diffuse gamma-ray background, generating 77:2−9:4 % of this emission at energies above 1 GeV. We discuss the implications of this result and point out that it provides support for∼ scenarios in which IceCube's high-energy astrophysical arXiv:1604.08505v2 [astro-ph.HE] 8 Aug 2016 neutrinos also originate from the same population of radio galaxies. -
IRAM Annual Report 2014
IRAM Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique IRAM Annual Report 2014 30-meter diameter telescope, Pico Veleta 7 x 15-meter interferometer, NOEMA The Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) is a multi-national scientific institute covering all aspects of radio astronomy at millimeter wavelengths: the operation of two high-altitude observatories – a 30-meter diameter telescope on Pico Veleta in the Sierra Nevada (southern Spain), and an interferometer of six 15 meter diameter telescopes on the Plateau de Bure in the French Alps – the development of telescopes and instrumentation, radio astronomical observations and their interpretation. NOEMA will transform the Plateau de Bure observatory by doubling its number of antennas, making it the most powerful millimeter radiotelescope of the Northern Hemisphere. IRAM Addresses: IRAM was founded in 1979 by two national research organizations: the Institut de Radioastronomie CNRS and the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft – the Spanish Instituto Geográfico Millimétrique Nacional, initially an associate member, became a full member in 1990. 300 rue de la piscine, Saint-Martin d’Hères F-38406 France The technical and scientific staff of IRAM develops instrumentation and Tel: +33 [0]4 76 82 49 00 Fax: +33 [0]4 76 51 59 38 software for the specific needs of millimeter radioastronomy and for the [email protected] www.iram.fr benefit of the astronomical community. IRAM’s laboratories also supply devices to several European partners, including for the ALMA project. Observatoire du Plateau de Bure IRAM’s scientists conduct forefront research in several domains of Saint-Etienne-en-Dévoluy F-05250 France astrophysics, from nearby star-forming regions to objects at cosmological Tel: +33 [0]4 92 52 53 60 Rep Annual Fax: +33 [0]4 92 52 53 61 distances.