Academy of Finland Funding Statistics on September 2020 Call

Academy of Finland funding statistics on September 2020 call

Contents

0. Introduction ...... 3 1. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and research council ...... 3 2. Applications and funded projects by organisation ...... 4 3. Applications and funded projects by disciplinary group ...... 4 4. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and gender of applicant ...... 4 5. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and nationality of applicant ...... 5 6. Rating distribution by funding instrument ...... 5 7. Academy Projects: Average funding per project by organisation .. 5 8. Reviewers by country of their organisation ...... 6 9. Tables and figures ...... 7 Appendix table. Disciplinary classification ...... 19

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0. Introduction

• This statistics document describes the funding statistics on the applications submitted to and the researchers and projects funded in the Academy of Finland’s September 2020 call. The funding instruments include Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects and Clinical Researchers. • A few applications that were not processed or reviewed are excluded from the application numbers. • Each table and figure is briefly described in chapters 1−8. The tables and figures are presented in chapter 9. • In most of the tables, the results of the September 2020 call are compared to the previous two calls in 2019 and 2018. In the tables, however, the years 2019–2021 refer to the years when the funding decisions were made. The calls were opened in the previous year. • In terms of Academy Projects, the data for 2019 (i.e. September 2018 call) include the call for Academy Projects and the call for Academy Projects by early-career researchers. By combining these calls for 2019, the data for 2019, 2020 and 2021 are comparable. • The total number of funded researchers and projects in 2021 may eventually slightly increase if research councils have funding left over from other calls and decide to fund Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects or Clinical Researchers from the reserve list. • More information about the funding statistics is available from the Division of Strategic Planning and Analysis at the Academy of Finland. • The funding statistics on the September 2020 call were published in June 2021. • The material is available on the Academy of Finland’s website.

1. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and research council

• Tables 1.1–1.3 describe the number of applications, the number of funded researchers/projects and the success rate by research council (Biosciences, Health and the Environment; Culture and Society; Natural Sciences and Engineering) and funding instrument (Postdoctoral Researchers; Academy Research Fellows; Academy Projects) in 2019– 2021.

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• In 2021, the research councils granted funding to 107 Postdoctoral Researchers (success rate 13%), 67 Academy Research Fellows (success rate 11%), and 211 Academy Projects with a total of 265 subprojects. The success rate for the Academy Projects was 15% (consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects).

2. Applications and funded projects by organisation

• Table 2 describes the number of applications, the number of funded projects and the success rate by organisation in 2019–2021. The data include Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects and Clinical Researchers. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. • In the September 2020 call, the Academy of Finland received a total of 3,185 applications and the average success rate was 14%.

3. Applications and funded projects by disciplinary group

• Table 3 describes the number of applications, the number of funded projects and the success rate by disciplinary group in 2019–2021. The data include Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects and Clinical Researchers. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. • The disciplinary groups are based on the primary research field of the applications (see Appendix table for the detailed classification). • In the September 2020 call, the Academy of Finland received a total of 3,185 applications and the average success rate was 14%.

4. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and gender of applicant

• Table 4 describes the proportion of women among applicants (applications) and funded researchers or projects by funding instrument in 2019–2021. The totals include data in the following gender categories: female, male, other/prefer not to answer. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. • For Postdoctoral Researchers in 2021, women accounted for 46% of applicants and 48% of funding recipients.

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• For Academy Research Fellows in 2021, women accounted for 42% of applicants and 40% of funding recipients. • For Academy Projects in 2021, women accounted for 34% of the applications and 36% of the funded projects.

5. Applications and funded projects by funding instrument and nationality of applicant

• Table 5.1 describes the proportion of applications and funded Postdoctoral Researchers by nationality in 2019–2021. In 2021, foreign nationals accounted for 48% of applicants and 41% of funding recipients. • Table 5.2 describes the proportion of applications and funded Academy Research Fellows by nationality in 2019–2021. In 2021, foreign nationals accounted for 38% of applicants and 37% of funding recipients. • Table 5.3 describes the proportion of applications and funded Academy Projects by nationality in 2019–2021. In 2021, foreign nationals accounted for 17% of applications and 14% of funded projects. In the data, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects.

6. Rating distribution by funding instrument

• Tables 6.1–6.3 describe the distribution of final ratings of applications (%) in the September 2020 call by funding instrument. The funding decisions were made in 2021. • The number of Academy Project applications reflects the total number of reviewed projects, not subprojects. • Applications were reviewed based on a scale from 6 (outstanding) to 1 (poor). In the data, the score is the overall rating of an application given by a panel of international experts, or the average of the overall ratings if the application was reviewed in more than one panel. The average of the ratings given by independent experts was used if the application was not reviewed in a panel.

7. Academy Projects: Average funding per project by organisation

• Table 7 describes the number of funded projects, total funding and the average funding per funded Academy Project by organisation in

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2019−2021. Consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. Academy Project funding is typically granted for four years. • In case the principal investigator has changed organisations, the granted funding by organisation is reported according to the original funding decision. • In the 2021 funding decisions, the average funding granted per project was around 427,881 euros.

8. Reviewers by country of their organisation

• Table 8 and figure 1 describe the number of reviewers by country. Country refers to the country of the reviewer’s home organisation. • A total of 722 reviewers (of which 36% were women) from 31 countries participated in the review of applications submitted to the September 2020 call. • The total number of reviewers comprises 631 panel members and 91 independent experts. • Some of the 70 panels also reviewed applications that had been submitted to other calls than the ones included in the funding statistics on the September 2020 call. This slightly increases the total number of reviewers. • In the September 2020 call, the five most typical countries where the reviewers worked were the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Norway.

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9. Tables and figures

Table 1.1. Postdoctoral Researchers: Applications, funded researchers and success rate by research council in 2019–2021. Source: Academy of Finland.

Applica- Applica- Applica- Funded Funded Funded Success Success Success Research tions in tions in tions in researchers researchers researchers rate in rate in rate in Council 2019 2020 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021 Biosciences, Health and the Environment 255 207 222 38 35 33 15% 17% 15% Culture and Society 249 235 267 38 31 30 15% 13% 11% Natural Sciences and Engineering 267 277 312 42 44 44 16% 16% 14%

Total 771 719 801 118 110 107 15% 15% 13%

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Table 1.2. Academy Research Fellows: Applications, funded researchers and success rate by research council in 2019–2021. Source: Academy of Finland. Applica- Applica- Applica- Funded Funded Funded Success Success Success Research tions in tions in tions in researchers researchers researchers rate in rate in rate in Council 2019 2020 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021 Biosciences, Health and the Environment 144 164 174 25 24 24 17% 15% 14% Culture and Society 166 171 187 20 21 21 12% 12% 11% Natural Sciences and Engineering 203 203 233 20 22 22 10% 11% 9%

Total 513 538 594 65 67 67 13% 12% 11%

Table 1.3. Academy Research Projects: Applications, funded projects and success rate by research council in 2019–2021. Consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. Source: Academy of Finland.

Applica- Applica- Applica- Funded Funded Funded Success Success Success Research tions in tions in tions in projects in projects in projects in rate in rate in rate in Council 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021 Biosciences, Health and the Environment 536 474 509 117 90 94 22% 19% 18% Culture and Society 478 535 531 83 75 71 17% 14% 13% Natural Sciences and Engineering 679 687 706 121 103 100 18% 15% 14%

Total 1,693 1,696 1,746 321 268 265 19% 16% 15%

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Table 2. Applications, funded projects and success rate by organisation in 2019–2021. The table only includes organisations with at least 10 applications in 2019, 2020 or 2021. The data include Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects and Clinical Researchers. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. A star (*) in the application column indicates that the organisation had less than 10 applications that year. In the funded projects or success rate column, a star (*) indicates that the organisation had less than 5 funded projects that year. The organisations are listed in alphabetical order. Source: Academy of Finland.

Applica- Applica- Applica- Funded Funded Funded Success Success Success tions in tions in tions in projects projects projects rate in rate in rate in Organisation 2019 2020 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021 Aalto University 356 346 380 56 61 51 16% 18% 13% Finnish Environment Institute 32 30 20 7 7 5 22% 23% 25% Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI) in the National Land Survey of Finland 15 13 16 * * * * * * Finnish institute for health and welfare 26 19 19 5 * * 19% * * Finnish Meteorological Institute 63 63 60 7 6 10 11% 10% 17% Folkhälsan Research Center * * 10 * * * * * * Geological Survey of Finland 11 10 * * * * * * * Hanken School of Economics 11 10 * * * * * * * HUS Helsinki University Hospital 30 25 26 6 * 6 20% * * Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT 65 64 73 11 5 6 17% 8% 8% Natural Resources Institute Finland 62 55 56 8 10 6 13% 18% 11% Tampere University 305 291 336 57 42 49 19% 14% 15% University of Eastern Finland 226 227 247 35 41 30 15% 18% 12% University of Helsinki 760 810 791 147 147 138 19% 18% 17% University of Jyväskylä 219 216 242 38 29 34 17% 13% 14% University of Lapland 23 24 26 * * * * * * University of Oulu 273 250 284 42 22 28 15% 9% 10% University of the Arts Helsinki 13 15 13 * * * * * * University of Turku 291 287 313 48 42 48 16% 15% 15% University of Vaasa 11 18 20 * * * * * * VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. 73 78 66 11 14 6 15% 18% 9% Åbo Akademi University 80 78 95 9 8 9 11% 10% 9% Total (incl. organisations not listed above) 3,022 2,993 3,185 517 457 449 17% 15% 14%

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Table 3. Applications, funded projects and success rate by disciplinary group in 2019–2021. The data include Postdoctoral Researchers, Academy Research Fellows, Academy Projects and Clinical Researchers. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. The disciplinary groups are based on the primary research field of the applications. Source: Academy of Finland.

Applica- Applica- Applica- Funded Funded Funded Success Success Success tions in tions in tions in projects projects projects rate in rate in rate in Disciplinary group 2019 2020 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021

Natural sciences 707 740 762 106 102 110 15% 14% 14%

Engineering 488 474 549 82 73 62 17% 15% 11%

Biosciences 400 374 385 90 74 73 23% 20% 19% Environmental, agricultural and forest sciences 138 122 131 23 14 18 17% 11% 14%

Medical and health sciences 396 364 405 70 72 65 18% 20% 16%

Social sciences 558 588 646 97 73 79 17% 12% 12%

Humanities 324 322 302 44 48 40 14% 15% 13% All fields (incl. applications not indicating a primary research field) 3,022 2,993 3,185 517 457 449 17% 15% 14%

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Table 4. Proportion of female applicants among applications and funded researchers or projects by funding instrument in 2019–2021. The totals include data in the following gender categories: female, male, other/prefer not to answer. In the data for Academy Projects, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. Source: Academy of Finland.

Funded Funded Funded Applications Applications Applications researchers researchers researchers Funding instrument in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 Postdoctoral researchers, % 48% 49% 46% 49% 55% 48% Number of applications and funded researchers 771 719 801 118 110 107 Academy Research Fellows, % 40% 38% 42% 43% 39% 40% Number of applications and funded researchers 513 538 594 65 67 67 Academy Projects, % 33% 34% 34% 36% 39% 36% Number of applications and funded projects 1,693 1,696 1,746 321 268 265

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Table 5.1. Postdoctoral Researchers: proportion of applications and funded researchers by applicant’s nationality in 2019– 2021. Source: Academy of Finland.

Funded Funded Funded Applications Applications Applications researchers researchers researchers Nationality of applicant in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021

Finnish, % 58% 53% 52% 65% 58% 59%

Foreign, % 42% 47% 48% 35% 42% 41% Number of applications and funded researchers 771 719 801 118 110 107

Table 5.2. Academy Research Fellows: proportion of applications and funded researchers by applicant’s nationality in 2019– 2021. Source: Academy of Finland.

Funded Funded Funded Applications Applications Applications researchers researchers researchers Nationality of applicant in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 Finnish, % 67% 65% 62% 69% 63% 63% Foreign, % 33% 35% 38% 31% 37% 37% Number of applications and funded researchers 513 538 594 65 67 67

Table 5.3. Academy Projects: proportion of applications and funded projects by applicant’s nationality in 2019–2021. Consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. Source: Academy of Finland.

Funded Funded Funded Applications Applications Applications projects in projects in projects in Nationality of applicant in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021

Finnish, % 84% 84% 83% 83% 86% 86%

Foreign, % 16% 16% 17% 17% 14% 14% Number of applications and funded projects 1,693 1,696 1,746 321 268 265

Table 6.1. Postdoctoral Researchers: distribution of overall ratings of applications in September 2020 call by research council, %. Applications were reviewed based on a scale from 6 (outstanding) to 1 (poor). The funded applications received an overall rating of 5 or 6. Source: Academy of Finland.

Not Not Not Not funded funded funded funded Funded Funded Research Council 1 or 2 3 4 5 or 6 5 6 Total Biosciences, Health and the Environment (N=222) 8% 22% 39% 17% 8% 7% 100% Culture and Society (N=267) 10% 22% 33% 22% 3% 9% 100% Natural Sciences and Engineering (N=312) 3% 21% 41% 22% 4% 10% 100% Total (N=801) 7% 21% 38% 21% 5% 8% 100%

Table 6.2. Academy Research Fellows: distribution of overall ratings of applications in September 2020 call by research council, %. Applications were reviewed based on a scale from 6 (outstanding) to 1 (poor). The funded applications received an overall rating of 5 or 6. The categorisation differs from Tables 6.1 and 6.3. Source: Academy of Finland.

Not funded Not funded Not funded Not funded Funded Research Council 1 or 2 3 4 5 or 6 5 or 6 Total Biosciences, Health and the Environment (N=174) 5% 25% 38% 18% 14% 100% Culture and Society (N=187) 7% 25% 35% 21% 11% 100% Natural Sciences and Engineering (N=233) 3% 12% 43% 33% 9% 100% Total (N=594) 5% 20% 39% 25% 11% 100%

Table 6.3. Academy Projects: distribution of overall ratings of applications in September 2020 call by research council, %. The number of Academy Project applications reflects the total number of reviewed projects, not subprojects. Applications were reviewed based on a scale from 6 (outstanding) to 1 (poor). The funded applications received an overall rating of 5 or 6. Source: Academy of Finland.

Not Not Not Not funded funded funded funded Funded Funded Research Council 1 or 2 3 4 5 or 6 5 6 Total Biosciences, Health and the Environment (N=432) 5% 20% 34% 22% 10% 9% 100% Culture and Society (N=431) 4% 25% 37% 20% 4% 9% 100% Natural Sciences and Engineering (N=531) 1% 14% 35% 37% 4% 10% 100% Total (N=1,394) 3% 19% 36% 27% 6% 9% 100%

Table 7. Academy Projects: number of funded projects, total funding and average funding per funded Academy Project by organisation in 2019–2021. The table only includes organisations with at least 5 Academy Project applications in 2019, 2020 or 2021. In the data, consortium subprojects have been counted as separate projects. A star (*) indicates that the organisation had less than 5 funded projects that year. Academy Project funding is typically granted for four years. The organisations are listed in alphabetical order. Source: Academy of Finland. Average Average Average Granted Granted Granted funding per funding per funding per funding funding funding funded funded funded Funded Funded Funded total total total project project project projects projects projects (MEUR) (MEUR) (MEUR) (EUR) in (EUR) in (EUR) in Organisation in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 in 2019 in 2020 in 2021 2019 2020 2021 Aalto University 33 36 29 13.1 16.0 12.4 397,081 443,628 426,290 Finnish Environment Institute 5 6 * 1.3 2.4 * 267,916 397,516 * Finnish Meteorological Institute * * 7 * * 2.9 * * 420,113 Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT 7 * * 2.4 * * 336,752 * * Natural Resources Institute Finland 7 5 * 2.4 2.2 * 338,500 435,442 * Tampere University 34 21 24 14.0 8.7 11.4 410,616 412,387 476,036 University of Eastern Finland 28 25 20 11.2 10.2 8.3 399,538 407,575 412,668 University of Helsinki 80 81 78 36.7 36.5 33.7 459,038 450,480 432,313 University of Jyväskylä 26 14 18 11.2 6.4 7.5 429,803 455,913 418,943 University of Oulu 30 14 17 14.0 6.7 7.5 465,951 476,775 438,929 University of Turku 27 31 29 11.4 13.2 12.2 422,300 427,398 421,953 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. 8 12 5 3.3 4.8 2.4 410,261 397,454 473,042 Åbo Akademi University 5 * 6 2.0 * 2.4 399,626 * 404,559 Total (incl. organisations not listed above) 321 268 265 134.0 116.5 113.4 417,538 434,676 427,881

Table 8. Number of reviewers by country in the review of applications submitted to September 2020 call. The total number of reviewers comprises 631 panel members and 91 independent experts. Country refers to the country of the reviewers’ home organisation, not to their nationality. Source: Academy of Finland.

Number of Proportion Country of reviewer’s home organisation reviewers of reviewers United Kingdom 198 27% Germany 85 12% Sweden 67 9% Netherlands 54 7% Norway 42 6% France 37 5% Italy 36 5% Denmark 36 5% Spain 32 4% Belgium 25 3% Switzerland 19 3% Austria 15 2% United States 13 2% Portugal 11 2% Ireland 10 1% Estonia 8 1% Canada 6 1% Other countries total (less than 5 reviewers per country) 28 4% Total 722 100%

Figure 1. Number of reviewers by country in the review of applications submitted to September 2020 call. Country refers to the country of the reviewer’s home organisation, not to their nationality. The total number of reviewers comprises 631 panel members and 91 independent experts. Source: Academy of Finland.

Appendix table. Disciplinary classification

Appendix table. Disciplinary classification which has been used in the Academy of Finland funding statistics on September calls. Source: Academy of Finland.

Disciplinary group No Primary research field Engineering 101 Architecture Engineering 102 Food engineering Engineering 103 Energy engineering Natural sciences 104 Physics Natural sciences 105 Geosciences Natural sciences 106 Chemistry Mechanical engineering and manufacturing Engineering 107 technology Natural sciences 108 Computational science Engineering 109 Medical engineering Natural sciences 110 Mathematics Engineering 111 Materials science and technology Engineering 112 Nanoscience and nanotechnology Engineering 113 Process technology Engineering 114 Construction and municipal engineering Engineering 115 Electrical engineering and electronics Engineering 116 Industrial biotechnology Natural sciences 117 Computer science Natural sciences 118 Statistics Engineering 119 Industrial management Natural sciences 120 Astronomy Engineering 121 Environmental engineering Biosciences 201 Biochemistry, biophysics Ecology, evolutionary biology and Biosciences 202 ecophysiology Biosciences 203 Plant biology Biosciences 204 Developmental biology and physiology Biosciences 205 Microbiology Biosciences 206 Genetics Biosciences 207 Cellular and molecular biology Biosciences 208 Systems biology, bioinformatics Environmental, agricultural and forest sciences 209 Environmental science Environmental, agricultural and forest sciences 301 Food sciences

Disciplinary group No Primary research field Environmental, agricultural and forest sciences 302 Agricultural sciences Environmental, agricultural and forest sciences 303 Forest sciences Medical and health sciences 401 Biomedicine Medical and health sciences 402 Veterinary medicine Medical and health sciences 403 Pharmacy Medical and health sciences 404 Dental science Medical and health sciences 405 Nursing science Medical and health sciences 406 Public health research Medical and health sciences 407 Clinical medicine Medical and health sciences 408 Sport sciences Medical and health sciences 409 Nutrition Medical and health sciences 410 Environmental health research Medical and health sciences 501 Neuroscience Social sciences 601 Human geography Social sciences 602 Economics Social sciences 603 Education Social sciences 604 Development research Social sciences 605 Business administration Social sciences 606 Women and gender studies Social sciences 607 Law Social sciences 608 Psychology Social sciences 609 Social sciences Social sciences 610 Science studies Social sciences 611 Political science Social sciences 612 Communication Social sciences 613 Environmental social science research Humanities 701 Philosophy Humanities 702 History and archaeology Humanities 703 Linguistics Humanities 704 Literature research Humanities 705 Design research Humanities 706 Art research Humanities 707 Theology