Gustavo Viniegra G. Energy: Science, technology and management Energy: Science, Technology and Management. Vol. 1, No. 1 Date of publication: January, 2021. Date of reception: November, 23, 2020, date of acceptation December, 10, 2020. Digital Object Identifier XX.XXXX/XXXX INVITATION PAPER Agave bioindustries: history and future of a strategic bioresource Gustavo Viniegra-González Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Department of Biotechnology, Iztapalapa, CDMX, 09495, Mexico Corresponding autor:
[email protected]) This work was supported in part by academic fellowships from Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Mex.) ABSTRACT. In this review it is proposed that Agave sp. should be considered a strategic bioresource to support future production of biomaterials with special attention to the lactic acid platform but before doing that it is quite urgent to rescue and support the traditional system of intercalated cultures of maize, weeds and Agave, called Metepantle, because it is very resilient toward climatic and economic changes and provides the basis for the subsistence of thousands of peasants living in the Central Highlands of Mexico. The analysis of three large Agave bio-industries for pulque (fermented Agave sap from A. salmiana), henequen (fibers from A. sisalana) and tequila (spirits from A. tequilana) shows that large monoculture systems are not socially, economic or ecological as sustainable as Metepantle. Hence it is concluded that agroforestry with Metepantle is a sustainable system