Erken Hanedanlık Dönemi 1-2. Hanedan Eski Krallık Dönemi 3-6. Hanedan İlk ara dönem 7-10. Hanedan Orta Krallık Dönemi 11-12. Hanedan İkinci ara dönem 13-17. Hanedan Yeni Krallık Dönemi 18-20. Hanedan

Üçüncü ara dönem 21-25. Hanedan (Demir Çağı) Geç Dönem 26-31. Hanedan

Ptolemaioslar Dönemi M.Ö. 305-30 (Hellenistik Dönem) Dynasty Breasted (1906) Shaw (2000)

First Early Dynastic Period of Egypt 3400–2980 c. 3000–2686 Second

Third 2980–2900 2686–2613

Fourth 2900–2750 2613–2494 Old Kingdom Fifth 2750–2625 2494–2345

Sixth 2623–2475 2345–2181

Seventh 2475–2445 2181–2160 Eighth First Intermediate Period Ninth 2445–2160 2160–2125 Tenth

Eleventh 2160–2000 2125–1985 Middle Kingdom of Egypt Twelfth 2000–1788 1985–1773

Thirteenth?

Fourteenth?

Second Intermediate Period Fifteenth 1780–1580 1773–1550

Sixteenth

Seventeenth

Eighteenth 1580–1350 1550–1295

New Kingdom of Egypt Nineteenth 1350–1205 1295–1186

Twentieth 1200–1090 1186–1069

Twenty-first 1090–945 1069–945

Twenty-second 945–745 945–818

Third Intermediate Period Twenty-third 745–718 818–727

Twenty-fourth 718–712 727–715

Twenty-fifth 712–663 715–664

Late Period of ancient Egypt Twenty-sixth 663–525 664–525

Djoser's step pyramid at Saqqara, Memphis. (c. 2667–2648 BC) IV. Sülale firavunlarından Keops, Kefren, Mikerinos tarafından yaptırılan piramitler. Piramit, önündeki Mezar tapınağı, kutsal yol ve girişten oluşur. En büyük olanı Keops (M.Ö 2530), sonra Kefren (M.Ö 2500), en sonuncu Mikerinos (M.Ö 2470). The site is at the edges of the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5 mi) west of the Nile River in the city of Giza, and about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of the city centre of Cairo.

Kefren heykeli, Diorit, 167.7 cm., M.Ö 2500 Kahire Müzesi, Firavunun oturan durumda portre heykeli. Taht üzerinde ve başının arkasında Tanrı Horus şahin şeklinde betimlenmiş. İki yanda Mısır bitkileri papirüs ve leylak, ayaklarının iki yanında ismi yazılı. Sol el açık sağ yumruk ve içinde eteğinin ucu. Hayatın ve tanrılaşmanın ifadesi, cepheden, vücut çıplak, katı üslup, anlamsız ifade bu dönem özellikleri Mikerinos ve Kraliçe, Gize’den, M.Ö. 2499-2171, Tamamlanmamış adım hareketi, kadın ve erkek aynı yükseklikte oluşu kadın ve erkek güzelliğinin karşılaştırılması gibi. Yumuşak ve sade hatlar. Erkek kaslı, güç dolu, kadının adalesiz vücudu. Sadece yüzlerde portre özelliği Prens Rahotep’in mezarından eşi Nofret ile. M.Ö. 2580, boyalı kireç taşı, 120 cm ve 118 cm. Kahire Müzesi. Prensin gövdesinin koyu renk oluşu bireysel özellik değil, Mısır sanatının standart erkek tasviri özelliği. Gözler parlak kuvartz, canlılık veriyor. Yüzlerde portre özelliği Oturan katip, M.Ö. 2400 İlk kez bu dönemde oturan katip heykelleri ortaya çıkıyor. Boyalı kalker, 53.3 cm. Louvre, Kimliği bilinmemekle birlikte sarayın yüksek düzey memurlarından biri. Yontular, artık taş bloklardan kopmaya başlar, duruşları belirginleşir. Hareketsiz, bir noktada toplanmış gibi görünen dikkati hissedilir. Gözleri kristal ve gümüş karışımı Stela froma house shrine showing Akhenaten and Nefertiti with three of their daughters beneath the rays of the Aten, New Kingdom, Dynasty 18, ca. 1340 BC, from Tel el-Amarna, limestone, height 32.5 cm (123∕4 in.). Ägyptisches Museum, Berlin, ÄM 14145. © bpk / Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, SMB / Margarete Büsing. This limestone relief found in the Royal Tomb at Amarna depicts Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and two of their daughters making an offering to the sun-disk Aten. Akhenaten and Nefertiti carry flowers to be laid on the table beneath the "life-giving" rays of the Aten. The figures are carved in the grotesque style, a characteristic of the early half of the Amarna period. Nefertiti, sporting the double plume headdress mentioned in the stela dedication, is the petite figure placed behind her larger scale husband. The compostion mirrors early artistic representations of the royal couple. To emphasize the strength and power of the pharaoh, Egyptian iconographical tradition required the female figure to be smaller in scale than the male. Kahire Mısır Müzesi'nde sergilenen Tutankamon'un mumyasının maskesi (MÖ 1332-1323)

Around 1350 BCE, the Egyptian grain accountant, or rather scribe, Nebamun commissioned the walls of his tomb-chapel to be painted with scenes depicting his afterlife and the world in which he lived. the scenes in this tomb far exceed the known contemporary tombs and how one individual in a relatively lowly position was able to commission such beautiful vibrant art is unknown. These paintings are not from the hidden burial chamber, sealed for eternity but from the tomb-chapel above, where family and priests would come to pour offerings. Perhaps that accounts for their slightly informal feeling. But how did a mere civil servant get such wonderful paintings? Nebamun, and we're only able to reconstruct his name from partial sources, worked in the temple of Amun at Karnak during the reign of Amenhotep III (c. 1390 - 1352 BCE). Amenhotep was one of the most important kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty, one of the high points of Egyptian wealth, but his reign preceded a period of dramatic upheaval in Egyptian society. In 1820 eleven pieces were crudely removed from the walls of the tomb-chapel and the location of the tomb in now unknown; they were acquired by the British Museum and they quickly became one of the centre-pieces of Museum's Egyptian collection. The Garden, fresco from Nebamun tomb, originally in Thebes, Egypt, now in the British Museum, London, U.K. Painting on plaster, 72 x 62 cm.

Erken Hanedanlık Dönemi 1-2. Hanedan Eski Krallık Dönemi 3-6. Hanedan İlk ara dönem 7-10. Hanedan Orta Krallık Dönemi 11-12. Hanedan İkinci ara dönem 13-17. Hanedan Yeni Krallık Dönemi 18-20. Hanedan

Üçüncü ara dönem 21-25. Hanedan (Demir Çağı) Geç Dönem 26-31. Hanedan

Ptolemaioslar Dönemi M.Ö. 305-30 (Hellenistik Dönem)

Palette of Narmer, c. 3000–2920 BCE. Egyptian Museum of Cairo

This tablet shows King Narmer wearing the victorious crown of Upper Egypt, defeating the enemy of Uash. In the upper right, Horus is shown holding the man of the Nile Delta (shown with papyrus) on a leash.

Site plan of Deir el-Bahari. Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

The Great Temple of Amun is Karnak's main temple building, and like nearly all of Egypt's surviving monuments, the temple has seen additions and improvements by the hands of many pharaohs over the centuries. But the shape of the temple you see before you now is mostly due to Pharaoh Tuthmosis I, who made Thebes capital of the New Kingdom and expanded the original modest temple here as it no longer seemed adequate to the power of the god and the king. Most of your time in Karnak will be spent inside this awe-inspiring building, but don't make the mistake of thinking this is all the Karnak complex has to offer. The Kiosk of Sesostris I, just to the north of the Great Temple of Amun, is one of the oldest structures in the whole temple complex. Built of fine limestone, it was erected to commemorate the King's Jubilee. It stands on a substructure and is approached by ramps on the east and west sides. The roof is borne on 24 pillars, which, like the outer walls, are covered with reliefs of excellent quality. In the interior is a base for the sacred barque of Amun. The Temple of Ptah, tutelary god of Memphis, was built by Tuthmosis III and enlarged and restored by the Ethiopian ruler Shabaka and some of the Ptolemies. The temple is approached from the west through five successive gateways. Beyond this is a passage formed by four columns with rich foliage capitals, linked by screens. At the end of the passage is a small Pylon with the names of Tuthmosis III (restored in the Ptolemaic period) on the doorway. Temple of Ramses II

Just after the eastern exit of the Great Temple of Amun, beyond an unexcavated mound of rubble, is the badly ruined Temple of Ramses II, built on the same axis as the principal temple, which cuts across an older brick enclosure wall. The entrance doorway, on the east side, leads into a hall with two Osiris pillars, behind which is a narrow Hypostyle Hall. In front of the doorway there was originally a hall dating from the reign of Taharqa, with 20 columns linked by screens. To the south of Ramses II's enclosure wall around the Temple of Amun lies the Sacred Lake. In Arabic, it is known as Birket el-Mallaha ("Lake of the Salt Pan") as the water of the lake is slightly saline. The walls encircling the lake are well preserved on the west, south, and north sides, from which steps lead down to the water. On the north side is a structure built by Tuthmosis III. Luxor Temple is a large Ancient Egyptian temple complex located on the east bank of the Nile River in the city today known as Luxor and was constructed approximately 1400 BCE. In the Egyptian language it is known as ipet resyt, "the southern sanctuary".

Great Court of Ramses II

The great Court of Rameses II is 188 feet (57 m) long and 168 feet (51 m) wide. Seventy four papyrus columns, with bud capitals surround it and in the Northwest corner of the court there is a shrine to Thutmose III, while in the southern part of the court there are a number of standing colossi of Ramses II.

The Mortuary Temple of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu was an important New Kingdom period temple structure in the West Bank of Luxor in Egypt. Aside from its size and architectural and artistic importance, the temple is probably best known as the source of inscribed reliefs depicting the advent and defeat of the Sea Peoples during the reign of Ramesses III.