ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution Ichthyofauna of the Carrapato, Mutum and Caba Saco PECIES S streams (Araguaia River Basin), Serra dos Carajás region, OF southeastern Pará, Brazil ISTS L Patrícia Giongo 1*, Wagner Martins Santana Sampaio 2, Frederico Belei 2, Fabricia Kohler de Carvalho 1, Anderson Fernandes 1 and Jorge Abdala Dergam 2 1 Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. CEP 36570-000. Tangará da Serra, MT, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal. CEP 36570-000. Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Abstract: The ichthyofaunistic studies from the Tocantins-Araguaia River Basin are mainly concentrated in the main channel of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers, due to faunal studies required for hydroelectric projects. Brooks and streams are usually neglected, though they represent the habitats most threatened by human activities. These small water courses 2009 to January 2010. For the inventory, the methodology used was the Rapid Assessment Program (RAP). In each sampled present a great diversity of fishes, and they also have high rates of endemic species. The study was conducted from December area three types of data collection were utilized: open interviews with local fishermen, naked eye fish surveying, and fishing Araguaiawith cast Rivernets andBasin. gill nets. This study aimed to identify the main fish species that occur in the Mutum and Caba Saco streams, that form the Pau D’Arco River, and in the Carrapato Stream that flows to the Preto River, both belonging to the Introduction There is an urgent need of ichthyofaunal studies in the region of the Araguaia River and its tributaries, as they that have a relatively old association with freshwater form one of the most important river systems of South habitatsThe Neotropical (Lovejoy et ichthyofaunaal. 2006). The is Araguaia dominated River by isfishes part America and also because of several other aspects already of the Tocantins-Araguaia River basin which is one of the presented, which makes this area an interesting spot for major river systems in South America (Lundberg 1998). Its water resources and aquatic biota diversity studies (Dias complex geomorphological and climatic formation has an et al. 2000). Sá et al. (2003) emphasize the importance of intrinsic relation to the fact that the drainage area includes the streams from the Cerrado biome, which represents a major phytogeographic regions such as Cerrado, Amazon considerable part of the Araguaia River basin. Forest and palm three forest (Mata de Cocais), thereby This study aims to inventory, through Rapid Assessment concentrating an important biodiversity, with a high level Saco and Mutum streams, which form the Pau D’Arco Dias et al RiverProgram (Arraia (RAP), River the micro-basin, fish fauna fromAraguaia the RiverCarrapato, basin) Caba and of endemismFish fauna and studies outstanding from the natural Tocantins-Araguaia value (Zuanon 2001;River the Preto River (Preto River micro-basin, Araguaia River basin are. 2000;mostly Latrubesse concentrated and Stevauxin the in 2006). the main river basin) in the Serra dos Carajás region, in the state of Pará. channels of this basin, some of them in the upper Araguaia et al Materials and Methods Cecilio et al et al et al. 2009). Study Site Otherregion studies (Lowe McConnel focused the 1991; lower Venere Tocantins . 1999; region, Benedito- mainly The collections were held at the Araguaia River basin, due to ichthyofaunistic. 2004; Melo studies related. 2004; toSilva the construction in the Caba Saco, Mutum (tributaries of Pau D’Arco River) of Tucuruí Dam and other hydroelectric projects in the and Carrapato (tributary of Preto River) streams (Figure region (Santos et al. 1), in the municipalities of Redenção and Santa Maria das et al. Barreiras, in the Serra dos Carajás region, southeastern et al. 2010). In this vast 1984; region, Carvalho studies and on theMerona freshwater 1986; Pará. The collections were held under the IBAMA (Instituto Camargo and Petrere-Jr. 2004; Santos 2004; Merona Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais neglected, although they deserve special attention, also Renováveis) permit number: 154/2007. becausefish communities they are of the brooks most and affected streams and have threatened been rather by human activities (Agostinho et al. et al. Data collection et al. 2010). Buckup (1999) and Sá et al. The methodology used was a fast inventory (RAP - 2005; Barletta Rapid Assessment Program) following Latini and Petrere water2010; Nogueiracourses present, indicating high levels of endemic and/or(2003) highlightedrare species. the These diversity biotic of characteristicsfish that these ofsmall the were made between December 2009 and January 2010. In streams justify the urgency of studying the ichthyofauna each(2004) visit, with four modifications. types of data Four collection visits to eachwere sample used: open area that occurs in these streams (Buckup 1999). interviews with local fishermen; naked eye fish surveying Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011 517 Giongo et al. | Ichthyofauna of three streams of the Araguaia River Basin, Brazil Data analysis 15 mm – mesh cast nets. The gill nets were set in groups ofon sixthe at riverside; a time, allfishing of them with having gill nets; the andsame fishing length with (10 meters) and height (1.6 meters), and mesh sizes 15, 20, The collected fishes were taken to the Laboratório de 30, 40, 50 and 60 mm, measured between adjacent knots Sistemática Molecular de Vertebrados, at the Universidade SantosFederal etde al. Viçosa 1984 , (UFV) to be etidentified al. using specificet al. The nets were set randomly so they would reach several taxonomic keys and identification guides (Géry 1969; distinct(which allows habitat the physiognomies. capture of most All small nets size were fish placed species). for 2004; Melo 2005; Britski 30 minutes. The use of such nets for this time interval 2007) and consulting specialists. The captured fishes were ensured identical collection efforts for all sampled areas, identified and deposited at the Laboratório de Sistemática totalizing 48 m2/hour (6 nets x 10 meters long x 1.6 Molecular de Vertebrados Beagle, at the Universidade meters high x 0.5 hours) in each station. The cast nets returnedFederal de alive Viçosa. to the streams,Fishes with with measurements the exception of inferior unique to 0.4 m and 1 kg were fixed, larger specimens were site. photographed. were operated using five random releases in each sample or rare ones. All fishes were weighed, measured and Figure 1. Map of the study region - localization of the rivers and the position of the sampling sites. Results and Discussion only represented by four species belonging to two families (Loricariidae and Pimelodidae), while the Synbranchidae of methodologies called RAP (Latini and Petrere 2004) in the and Potamotrygonidae by a single species, each. Other CabaThe Saco, fishes Mutum captured and Carrapato and identified streams, using were a combination distributed studies in the Tocantins-Araguaia River basin also report the order Characiformes as the most diverse, followed by Characiformes (Characidae, Erythrinidae, Anostomidae, Siluriformes (Aloísio et al. et al. Hemiodontidae,in 37 species, in 33 generaProchilodontidae, from 14 families andCurimatidae, five orders: et al. 2007) and not by Perciformes as occurred in this Acestrorhynchidae, Cynodontidae, Ctenoluciidae), study. 2005; Melo 2005; Lucinda Siluriformes (Loricariidae, Pimelodidae), Perciformes Carrapato Stream concentrated a higher level of (Cichlidae), Synbranchiformes (Synbranchidae), and richness and abundance that may be related to its greater Rajiformes (Potamotrygonidae) (Table 1). Among these families, Characidae (Characiformes) and Cichlidae (Perciformes) represented the greater species richness, presencewater volume of large and species the strong like influence Pseudoplatystoma of major rivers, fasciatum, such with 13 and six species, respectively. Siluriformes were Hemisorubimas the Preto and platyrhynchos Araguaia (Table and 1).Potamotrygon This fact justifies motoro the, Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 4 | 2011 518 Giongo et al. | Ichthyofauna of three streams of the Araguaia River Basin, Brazil Table 1. Species surveyed with RAP protocols in some streams of the Araguaia Basin. Popular names; taxonomic classification; sample station: 1- Carrapato Stream, 2- Caba Saco Stream, 3- Mutum Stream; Species category: N-native, RI- Reportedly introduced, CR- critically endangered (Rosa and Lima 2008); method of collection: G – Gill net, C – Casting net, IN – Interview, NS – Naked eye surveying.SAMPLE SPECIES TAXON LOCAL NAME METHOD STATION CATEGORY CHARACIFORMES Characidae Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Lambari, tambiú 1, 2, 3 N G/C Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816 Pataca 1 N G/C Moenkhausia sp. Piaba 1, 2, 3 N G Brycon sp. Piabanha 1 N G Chalceus epakros Zanata and Toledo-Piza, 2004 Piaba do rabo vermelho 1 N G Triportheus trifurcatus (Castelnau, 1855). Sardinha 1 N G Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868) Corcunda 1, 2, 3 N G/C Mylossoma duriventre (Cuvier, 1818) Pacu 1 N G Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818) Caranha 1 N/RI IN Serrasalmus geryi Piranha Branca 1 N G Serrasalmus manueli Xupita 1 N G Jégu and Santos, 1988 Serrasalmus rhombeus (Linnaeus, 1766) Piranha preta 1, 3 N