Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming
REVIEW published: 20 July 2017 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00163 Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming Apostolos Chatzitomaris1*, Rudolf Hoermann 2, John E. Midgley3, Steffen Hering 4, Aline Urban 5, Barbara Dietrich 6, Assjana Abood1, Harald H. Klein1,7 and Johannes W. Dietrich1,7 1 Medical Department I, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 2 Private Consultancy, Research and Development, Yandina, QLD, Australia, 3 North Lakes Clinical, Ilkley, United Kingdom, 4 Department for Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Krankenhaus Bietigheim-Vaihingen, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany, 5 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Palliative Medicine, Eastern Allgäu-Kaufbeuren Hospitals, Kaufbeuren, Germany, 6 kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum, Klinikum München-Ost, Haar, Germany, 7 Ruhr Center for Rare Diseases (CeSER), Ruhr University of Bochum and Witten/ Herdecke University, Bochum, Germany Edited by: Jacqueline Jonklaas, The hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid feedback control is a dynamic, adaptive system. Georgetown University, United States In situations of illness and deprivation of energy representing type 1 allostasis, the Reviewed by: stress response operates to alter both its set point and peripheral transfer parameters. Salvatore Benvenga, In contrast, type 2 allostatic load, typically effective in psychosocial stress, pregnancy, University of Messina, Italy Tania M. Ortiga-Carvalho, metabolic syndrome, and adaptation to cold, produces a nearly opposite phenotype Federal University of of predictive plasticity. The non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) or thyroid allostasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil critical illness, tumors, uremia, and starvation (TACITUS), commonly observed in hospi- *Correspondence: talized patients, displays a historically well-studied pattern of allostatic thyroid response.
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