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Upper Cretaceous) Long Island, New York Correlation and Foraminifera of the Monmouth Group (Upper Cretaceous) Long Island, New York G E 0 L 0 G I CAL SURVEY P R 0 FE S S I 0 N A L PAPER 483-I Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Water Resources Commission, Suffolk County Board of Supervisors, and the Suffolk County Water Authority ) Correlation and Foraminifera of the Monmouth Group (Upper Cretaceous) Long Island, New York By NATHANIEL M. PERLMUTTER and RUTH TODD CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 483-I Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Water Resources Commission, Suffolk County Board of Supervisors, and the Suffolk County Water Authority UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. Geological Survey Library Catalog card for this publication follows index. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract___________________________________________ 11 Stratigraphy and micropaleontology of the Monmouth Introduction_______________________________________ 1 Group-Continued Post-Raritan correlation problems_________________ 1 Altitude, structure, and thickness_________________ I 4 Location and topography of the area______________ 1 Lithology______________________________________ 4 Previous investigations__________________________ 2 Analysis of the microfauna_______________________ 6 Methods of investigation_________________________ 2 Foraminifera_______________________________ 6 Acknowledgments___ _ __ __ __ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ 2 Late Cretaceous fauna___________________ 6 Summary of stratigraphy of southern Suffolk County____ 2 Pleistocene(?) fauna_____________________ 9 Upper Cretaceous Series_________________________ 2 Ostracoda__________________________________ 9 Pleistocene and Recent Series_____________________ 4 Conclusions________________________________________ 9 Stratigraphy and micropaleontology of the Monmouth Systematic descriptions______________________________ 10 Group (Upper Cretaceous)_____________________ 4 References cited_ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ 2 0 Definition and areal extent_______________________ 4 IndeX---------------------------------------------- 23 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 1-6 follow index; plates 7 and 8 are in pocket] PLATES 1-5. Upper Cretaceous Foraminifera from Long Island wells. 6. Upper Cretaceous Foraminifera and Ostracoda from well S7350. 7. Map of Long Island, showing locations of wells and approximate northern limit of Monmouth Group. 8. Geologic sections from West Islip to Fire Island State Park (A-A'), Mastic to Smith Point Park (B-B'), and Gilgo Beach to Tiana Beach ( C-C'), Long Island. TABLES Page TABLE 1. Generalized stratigraphic section for southern Suffolk County ___________________________________ ----------- 13 2. Correlation of Upper Cretaceous deposits of New Jersey and Long Island, N,Y_______________________________ 3 3. Typical logs of wells on Fire Island, Suffolk County_______________________________________________________ 5 4. Heavy-mineral content of Upper Cretaceous samples from southern Suffolk County __________ ----------------- 6 5. Distribution of Foraminifera in samples from Long Island and their stratigraphic range and occurrences elsewhere__ 7 6. Samples examined for Cretaceous Foraminifera _____________________________________________ --------------- 9 m CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY CORRELATION AND FORAMINIFERA OF THE MONMOUTH GROUP (UPPER CRETACEOUS), LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK By NATHANIEL M. PERLMUTTER and RUTH ToDD ABSTRACT post-Raritan Cretaceous deposits in southern Suffolk Examination of drill cores and cuttings from water wells and County, Long Island, which are believed to be correla­ test borings in southern Suffolk County, N.Y., has disclosed the tive with the Monmouth Group of Ne\v Jersey. From presence of a marine fossiliferous greensand unit in the upper part of a thick sequence of deposits formerly referred to as the data given on pages I3 and I5, it is inferred also that the Magothy ( ?) Formation of Late Cretaceous age. The micro­ underlying nonn1arine strata of post-Cretaceous age fauna, mineralogy, and general stratigraphic position, however, consist of formations equivalent in age to those of the indicate that the greensand beds are correlative with the Mon­ Matawan Group ·and the Magothy Formation of New mouth Group of New Jersey; hence, the same name should be Jersey, although criteria for differentiating these unit.s applied to the Long Island beds. The greensand beds contain moderate to large amounts of glauconite, are about 50-200 feet with certainty in Long Island are not yet available. thick, and dip southeast about 30 feet per mile. Seventy-two Additional detailed studies of heavy minerals, clay min­ different species of Foraminifera and a few Ostraeoda were erals, and pollen and spore analyses might provide such identified and most of them are illustrated in the report. Under­ criteria. lying transitional beds of post-Raritan Cretaceous age are thought to be part of the Matawan Group and Magothy Forma­ LOCATION AND TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA tion undifferentiated. The report is a byproduct of cooperative ground-water inves­ The area investigated is a rectangular strip about 3-5 tigations in Long Island. 1niles wide and 50 miles long, in southern Suffolk County (pl. 7). It extends from about Sunrise Highway INTRODUCTION (Route 27) on the north to the Atlantic Ocean on the POST-RARITAN CORR.ELATION PROBLEMS south and from the Nassau-Suffolk border on the west The entire sequence of post-Raritan Cretaceous depos­ to the vicinity of Shinnecock Canal on the east. its in Long Island was referred to the Magothy Forma­ Most of the south shore of Suffolk County is a low­ tion as early as 1910 by W. 0. Crosby ( unpub. data, lying glacial outwash pfain, which slopes gently to the Board of Water Supply, city of New York). Crosby's south and merges with tidal flats and marshes along correlation apparently was based on little more than a the north shore of Great South Bay and other smaller megascopic similarity in lithology between the Long bays. The bays, which lie between the main part of Island strata and those of the Magothy Formation of Long Island and sandy barrier islands to the south, are New Jersey and general regional stratigraphic relations. generally 2-4 miles wide, but in a few places in the east­ Since 1937 a question mark has been inserted after the ern part of the area, they narrow to a few hundred name Magothy in Geological Survey reports dealing feet or less. The bays are generally less than 10 feet with ground water on Long Island, because of the un­ deep. certainty regarding Crosby's correlation. The barrier islands are about a quarter to half a mile Among the principal problems in correlating the post­ 'vide and range in altitude from sea level to about 25 feet Raritan Cretaceous beds of Long Island are the lack of above sea level. Drill cuttings and cores of fossiliferous outcrops, the monotonous megascopic similarity in color, sand and clay of Late Cretaceous age were obtained texture,· and composition of most of the beds, and also frmn deep public-supply 've.lls and test borings for the the rarity of glauconitic and fossiliferous marine beds, Fire Island Inlet and Smith Point Bridges. Except which are common in the equivalent post-Raritan Cre­ for shallow thin lenses of fresh water, which are re­ taceous units of New Jersey. Micropaleontologic and charged by local precipitation, the water in the artesian mineral analyses of drill samples from water wells and aquifers beneath the barrier islands is derived entirely test borings made during this investigation have yielded by ground-water underflow from the main part of Long evidence of marine beds in the uppermost part of the Island to the north. Il 12 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALE ONTOLOGY PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS Well~ have- been assigned numbers by the New York A comprehensive report on the subsurface geology State Water Resources Commission in the order drilled. of Long Island, prepared cooperatively by the Geologi­ For example, in the number S18729T, the letterS is the cal Survey and the New York State Water Resources abbreviation for Suffolk County, and T signifies test Commission (Suter and others, 1949), gives correlations well. of wells, structure-contour maps, and geologic sect~ons ACKNOWLEDGMENTS based on data collected In• the early 1900's (Veatch andI The authors express their appreciation to all the well others, 1906, and Fuller, 1914) and during the period drillers who supplied logs and samples for use in the 1932-49. An article by Perlmutter and Crandell ( 1959) investigation. Logs of wells were obtained also through summarized information on t11e geology and ground­ the cooperation of theNew York State Water Resources water conditions along the south shore of Long Island Commission, the Suffolk County Water Authority, and and reported briefly on the occurrence of the glauconitic the Suffolk County Board of Supervisors, who support beds and Foraminifera of Late Cretaceous age that, are ground-water investigations by the U.S. Geological described in detail in this report. Except for this re­ Survey in Suffolk County. The Long Island State port, no data on the Cretaceous Foraminifera of Long Park Commission loaned samples from wells at Captree Island have been previously published. The gen~ral
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