DOCSLIB.ORG

Enabled by Human Exploration Beyond Low-Earth Orbit an Isecg Science White Paper

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Enabled by Human Exploration Beyond Low-Earth Orbit an Isecg Science White Paper SCIENTIFIC OPPORTUNITIES ENABLED BY HUMAN EXPLORATION BEYOND LOW-EARTH ORBIT AN ISECG SCIENCE WHITE PAPER 1 ABOUT ISECG Space agencies participating in the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG) are discussing an international approach for human and robotic space exploration to achieve broad societal, intellectual and economic benefits. This document is a White Paper of scientific opportunities enabled by the presence of humans, and their supporting infrastructure, as they explore the Solar System, as documented in ISECG’s Global Exploration Roadmap. The Science White Paper informs the evolution of the Global Exploration Roadmap. It was developed by ISECG agencies together with a Science Advisory Group, including representatives from the international science community and reflecting the views and inputs from an open interaction with this community. ISECG was established to advance the Global Exploration Strategy by providing a non-binding forum where space agencies share their objectives and plans, and explore synergistic concepts. ISECG agencies are committed to the development of non-binding products that enable participating agencies to take concrete steps toward partnerships that reflect a globally coordinated exploration effort. 2 Executive Summary pag. 4 CHAPTER 1: Introduction pag. 7 CHAPTER 2: The Scientific Imperative – pag. 11 Overarching Science Themes CHAPTER 3: Humans to a Gateway pag. 13 in the Lunar Vicinity TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE CHAPTER 4: Humans to the Lunar Surface pag. 17 CHAPTER 5: Humans to a Near-Earth Asteroid pag. 23 CHAPTER 6: Mars – The Horizon Goal pag. 29 CHAPTER 7: Conclusions pag. 31 APPENDIX 1: Selected International Science and pag. 32 Strategy Documents APPENDIX 2: Science Advisory Group pag. 34 3 infrastructure can support CubeSats and small EXECUTIVE SUMMARY satellites by providing services such as deployment and communication relay. It can facilitate remote The Global Exploration Roadmap reflects a controlled robotic exploration on the lunar surface. coordinated international effort to prepare for space It can also be used for investigations in areas such exploration missions beginning with the International as astronomy, fundamental physics, collecting Space Station and continuing to the lunar vicinity, the interplanetary materials, and heliophysics. Moon, asteroids and Mars. These missions are part of an exploration endeavour available for pursuit by The Lunar Surface: Scientific investigations, all space agencies, on their own or in collaboration including collecting the right samples, on the Moon with others. Human exploration drives innovation will improve our understanding of the origin and and economic expansion, addresses space and evolution of the Earth-Moon system, and of terrestrial terrestrial challenges to improve life on Earth, and planets in general. The Moon has experienced many inspires people around the world. Integral to these of the geologic processes that have shaped the benefits are scientific investigation and discovery. terrestrial planets in our Solar System (e.g. impact cratering, volcanism, tectonics, etc.). We can date The Scientific Imperative: Space exploration will impact events and decipher the impact flux for the result in scientific discoveries that have significance Earth-Moon system over geologic time to better not only to the international science community but understand its role for the evolution or extinction of life to humanity as a whole. Opportunities for scientific on Earth. The lunar soil and subsurface also provide a discovery associated with exploration missions are historical repository of the Solar System’s evolution. broadly captured in two themes: “Understanding Our Human presence could permit the emplacement Place in the Universe” and “Living and Working in of delicate surface instrumentation on the lunar Space”. surface. Indeed, the far side of the Moon is unique • Understanding Our Place in the Universe: This in that it is “radio quiet”, offering the opportunity for theme is about discerning the physical nature of sensitive radio astronomy measurements that look the Universe around us and our place within it. back in time to the earliest moments of the Universe. We want to understand the Earth-Moon system, Investigating the physiological response to working asteroids and Mars and how they formed and in reduced gravity on the lunar surface could help developed. We will conduct new observations of prepare for keeping humans healthy on the surface the cosmos, including our own Earth. Finally, we of Mars, whilst providing new insights into a range of will attempt to understand the formation and the human health issues for Earth. evolution of life. • Living and Working in Space: This theme is Near-Earth Asteroids: Near-Earth asteroids exhibit reflecting the drive for humans to extend our considerable diversity within their population and they reach into space, which also provides important have witnessed events and conditions throughout the scientific and technological advances to improve history of the Solar System. The presence of humans life on Earth. We want to learn more about how will permit placement of complex instruments on humans safely explore the Solar System, and the asteroid surface, as well as the ability to sample reduce risks that humans face in space. We also surface and subsurface sites to obtain information want to learn about the local resources in our on the ancient history of the Solar System which planetary neighbourhood, and how explorers larger, evolved planetary bodies have lost. Carefully can maximise the use of what we find around us. chosen samples by a trained explorer can also help us to better understand the thousands of meteorites The Next Step Beyond Low-Earth Orbit: The vicinity we already have available for study by scientists, of the Moon is the ideal location as the next step providing geologic context to meteorites that have in the expansion of human space activity from the formed much of the paradigm for the origin of the International Space Station leading to investigations Solar System. We will also work to better understand of the Moon, asteroids, and Mars. This deep the internal structures of Near-Earth Asteroids, a space environment enables testing and validation vital part of the puzzle needed in order to develop of habitation systems and related operations mitigation strategies for addressing threats from an techniques, while remaining close enough to Earth Earth-bound asteroid. as we learn to manage exploration mission risks. Increasingly longer duration missions to a habitat Mars: Mars is the shared horizon goal driving in the deep space environment enable study of the sustainable human exploration. Mars has the greatest interplay of radiation, microgravity and isolation similarity to Earth in past and current planetary on human health valuable for future spaceflight to processes, and may have the best record of when more distant destinations, notably Mars, as well life started in our Solar System and of catastrophic as health research applicable back on Earth. The change in planetary evolution. Our robotic missions 4 have shown that Mars has significant water that is observations, thus returning the best samples promising for the possible existence of life (past and/ to address specific science and exploration or present) and supporting humans. Exploration of questions. In addition, human missions typically Mars will result in answers to profound scientific and return larger amounts of samples per flight. philosophical questions such as: How did life start in our Solar System? Did life exist on Mars and does it • Humans are uniquely capable of installing, exist today? What can we learn about Earth’s past and maintaining, upgrading, and troubleshooting future by studying Mars? Building on over 50 years problems with complex scientific equipment, of robotic-enabled science and eventually, sample as historically exemplified with the Hubble return, human explorers on the surface of Mars will telescope servicing missions. be critical to reveal the subtleties needed to answer these complex and fundamental questions. Humans • Humans can often achieve tasks faster than will make possible intelligent sampling in geologic robots and act intelligently in exploratory science. context, iterative environmental field investigations and sample preparation/analyses in a habitat-based • As demonstrated by Apollo and on the laboratory. Humans will advance a multi-disciplinary International Space Station, humans are unique set of scientific objectives, such as investigations in their ability to recognize and to adapt their into astrobiology, atmospheric science, medicine, response to new observations or serendipitous and geoscience. discoveries. The Value of Human Explorers for Science: In addition to scientific benefits, gaining operational Human exploration brings the human element to the experience in deep space or on a planetary surface is forefront of scientific discovery, bringing flexibility, extremely beneficial for the later exploration of more adaptability, experience, dexterity, creativity, distant targets, such as Mars. intuition, and the ability to make real time decisions. This was demonstrated by the Apollo missions to the Humans have long looked to the stars and asked, lunar surface. While some science objectives can be “What is out there?” Exploration, investigation, and achieved by suitably implemented robotic missions, scientific discovery are essential elements
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Climate Change and Human Health: Risks and Responses
    Climate change and human health RISKS AND RESPONSES Editors A.J. McMichael The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia D.H. Campbell-Lendrum London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom C.F. Corvalán World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland K.L. Ebi World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, European Centre for Environment and Health, Rome, Italy A.K. Githeko Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya J.D. Scheraga US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA A. Woodward University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA 2003 WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Climate change and human health : risks and responses / editors : A. J. McMichael . [et al.] 1.Climate 2.Greenhouse effect 3.Natural disasters 4.Disease transmission 5.Ultraviolet rays—adverse effects 6.Risk assessment I.McMichael, Anthony J. ISBN 92 4 156248 X (NLM classification: WA 30) ©World Health Organization 2003 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from Marketing and Dis- semination, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel: +41 22 791 2476; fax: +41 22 791 4857; email: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications—whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution—should be addressed to Publications, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; email: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential European Contributions to Europa Lander Mission
    The Europa Initiative for ESA’s M5 mission Report to OPAG Michel Blanc, Geraint Jones, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Veerle Sterken, Javier Gomez-Elvira, David Mimoun, Adam Masters, Sascha Kempf, Luciano Iess, John Cooper, Zita Martins, Ralph Lorenz, Jérémie lasue, Nicolas André, Bruce Bills, Gael Choblet, Geoff Collins, Philippe Garnier, Kevin Hand, Paul Hartogh, Krishan Khurana, Andrea Longobardo, Katrin Stephan, Federico Tosi, Steve Vance, Tim van Hoolst, Roland Wagner, Frances Westall, Martin Wolverk, William Desprats, Ryan Russell, Georges Balmino, Julien Laurent-Varin and the Europa Initiative team August 11th, 2016 1 EI WORKING SCHEME Europa M5 for an ESA contribution to the Europa Lander mission Initiative Penetrator Contribution to Cubesat? Orbiter or… NASA lander A – GLOBAL GEOPHYSICSMagnetospheric interactions CHARACTERIZE EUROPA AS A COMPLEX DYNAMICAL SYSTEM B – ExosphereOF COUPLED LAYERS(neutrals, dust, plumes) FROM CORE TO PLASMA ENVELOPE THROUGH OCEAN AND CRYOSPHERE dimension RESPONDING TO E – Geophysics (internalJUPITER SYSTEM FORCING: TIDAL, MAGNETOSPHERICstructure, incl. Characterization of the ocean) themes ASTROBIOLOGY CONTRIBUTE TO NASA’s LANDER SCIENCE Science AND PROVIDE AN ADDITIONAL ELEMENT (AWL) As resources permit « Spacecraft » dimension EI contribution to EUROPA LanDer : SubmitteD LOI’s Joint Europa Mission (Blanc/Prieto-Ballesteros) • Baseline: Carrier-Orbiter + lander joint NASA/ESA mission: – P1a: Carrier-Orbiter provided by ESA, operated by NASA; – P1b: Alternative option: Carrier-Orbiter provided and operated by NASA; science platform (+ sub-systems?) provided by ESA – Science platform open to both ESA member states and NASA • Option 1: Augmented surface science: Astrobiology Wet Laboratory (AWL) provided by ESA + Member States to enhance landing site exploration. • Option 2: Augmented orbital science - cubesat released from carrier.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Mars Architecture
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Human Mars Architecture Tara Polsgrove NASA Human Mars Study Team 15th International Planetary Probe Workshop June 11, 2018 Space Policy Directive-1 “Lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system and to bring back to Earth new knowledge and opportunities. Beginning with missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the United States will lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations.” 2 EXPLORATION CAMPAIGN Gateway Initial ConfigurationLunar Orbital Platform-Gateway (Notional) Orion 4 5 A Brief History of Human Exploration Beyond LEO America at DPT / NEXT NASA Case the Threshold Constellation National Studies Program Lunar Review of Commission First Lunar Architecture U.S. Human on Space Outpost Team Spaceflight Plans Committee Pathways to Exploration Columbia Challenger 1980 1990 2000 2010 Bush 41 Bush 43 7kObama HAT/EMC MSC Speech Speech Speech Report of the 90-Day Study on Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars NASA’s Journey to National Aeronautics and November 1989 Global Leadership Space Administration Mars Exploration and 90-Day Study Mars Design Mars Design Roadmap America’s Reference Mars Design Reference Future in Reference Mission 1.0 Exploration Architecture Space Mission 3.0 System 5.0 Exploration Architecture Blueprint Study 6 Exploring the Mars Mission Design Tradespace • A myriad of choices define
    [Show full text]
  • Astrodynamics
    Politecnico di Torino SEEDS SpacE Exploration and Development Systems Astrodynamics II Edition 2006 - 07 - Ver. 2.0.1 Author: Guido Colasurdo Dipartimento di Energetica Teacher: Giulio Avanzini Dipartimento di Ingegneria Aeronautica e Spaziale e-mail: [email protected] Contents 1 Two–Body Orbital Mechanics 1 1.1 BirthofAstrodynamics: Kepler’sLaws. ......... 1 1.2 Newton’sLawsofMotion ............................ ... 2 1.3 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation . ......... 3 1.4 The n–BodyProblem ................................. 4 1.5 Equation of Motion in the Two-Body Problem . ....... 5 1.6 PotentialEnergy ................................. ... 6 1.7 ConstantsoftheMotion . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 7 1.8 TrajectoryEquation .............................. .... 8 1.9 ConicSections ................................... 8 1.10 Relating Energy and Semi-major Axis . ........ 9 2 Two-Dimensional Analysis of Motion 11 2.1 ReferenceFrames................................. 11 2.2 Velocity and acceleration components . ......... 12 2.3 First-Order Scalar Equations of Motion . ......... 12 2.4 PerifocalReferenceFrame . ...... 13 2.5 FlightPathAngle ................................. 14 2.6 EllipticalOrbits................................ ..... 15 2.6.1 Geometry of an Elliptical Orbit . ..... 15 2.6.2 Period of an Elliptical Orbit . ..... 16 2.7 Time–of–Flight on the Elliptical Orbit . .......... 16 2.8 Extensiontohyperbolaandparabola. ........ 18 2.9 Circular and Escape Velocity, Hyperbolic Excess Speed . .............. 18 2.10 CosmicVelocities
    [Show full text]
  • The Lost Indian Chandrayaan 2 Lander Vikram and Rover Pragyaan Found Intact in Single Piece on the Moon
    ISSN (Online): 2350-0530 International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ISSN (Print): 2394-3629 December 2020, Vol 8(12), 103 – 109 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2608 THE LOST INDIAN CHANDRAYAAN 2 LANDER VIKRAM AND ROVER PRAGYAAN FOUND INTACT IN SINGLE PIECE ON THE MOON Jag Mohan Saxena 1 , H M Saxena *2 , Priyanka Saxena 3 1 Bldg. 1-E-19, Jai Narayan Vyas Nagar, Bikaner 334003, India *2 Geetanjali Aptts. 9FF, E Block, Rishi Nagar, Ludhiana 141001, India 3 Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur 342037, India DOI: https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2608 Article Type: Research Article ABSTRACT The Lunar Lander Vikram of the Moon Mission Chandrayaan 2 of the Article Citation: Jag Mohan Saxena, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) lost communication with the H M Saxena, and Priyanka Saxena. Lunar Orbiter and the mission control nearly 2.1 kms above the lunar (2020). THE LOST INDIAN surface during its landing on the Moon on 7th September, 2019. The exact CHANDRAYAAN 2 LANDER VIKRAM AND ROVER PRAGYAAN FOUND location and the sight of the lost lander and rover are still elusive. We INTACT IN SINGLE PIECE ON THE present here the exact location and first images of the lander Vikram and MOON. International Journal of rover Pragyaan sighted on the lunar surface. It is evident from the Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, processed images that the lander was intact and in single piece on landing 8(12), 103-109. away from the scheduled site and its ramp was deployed to successfully https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaa release the rover Pragyan on to the lunar surface.
    [Show full text]
  • ESA Strategy for Science at the Moon
    ESA UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to the Public ESA Strategy for Science at the Moon ESA UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to the Public EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A new era of space exploration is beginning, with multiple international and private sector actors engaged and with the Moon as its cornerstone. This renaissance in lunar exploration will offer new opportunities for science across a multitude of disciplines from planetary geology to astronomy and astrobiology whilst preparing the knowledge humanity will need to explore further into the Solar System. Recent missions and new analyses of samples retrieved during Apollo have transformed our understanding of the Moon and the science that can be performed there. We now understand the scientific importance of further exploration of the Moon to understand the origins and evolution of Earth and the cosmic context of life’s emergence on Earth and our future in space. ESA’s priorities for scientific activities at the Moon in the next ten years are: • Analysis of new and diverse samples from the Moon. • Detection and characterisation of polar water ice and other lunar volatiles. • Deployment of geophysical instruments and the build up a global geophysical network. • Identification and characterisation of potential resources for future exploration. • Deployment long wavelength radio astronomy receivers on the lunar far side. • Characterisation of the dynamic dust, charge and plasma environment. • Characterisation of biological sensitivity to the lunar environment. ESA UNCLASSIFIED - Releasable to the Public
    [Show full text]
  • Electric Propulsion System Scaling for Asteroid Capture-And-Return Missions
    Electric propulsion system scaling for asteroid capture-and-return missions Justin M. Little⇤ and Edgar Y. Choueiri† Electric Propulsion and Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544 The requirements for an electric propulsion system needed to maximize the return mass of asteroid capture-and-return (ACR) missions are investigated in detail. An analytical model is presented for the mission time and mass balance of an ACR mission based on the propellant requirements of each mission phase. Edelbaum’s approximation is used for the Earth-escape phase. The asteroid rendezvous and return phases of the mission are modeled as a low-thrust optimal control problem with a lunar assist. The numerical solution to this problem is used to derive scaling laws for the propellant requirements based on the maneuver time, asteroid orbit, and propulsion system parameters. Constraining the rendezvous and return phases by the synodic period of the target asteroid, a semi- empirical equation is obtained for the optimum specific impulse and power supply. It was found analytically that the optimum power supply is one such that the mass of the propulsion system and power supply are approximately equal to the total mass of propellant used during the entire mission. Finally, it is shown that ACR missions, in general, are optimized using propulsion systems capable of processing 100 kW – 1 MW of power with specific impulses in the range 5,000 – 10,000 s, and have the potential to return asteroids on the order of 103 104 tons. − Nomenclature
    [Show full text]
  • AFSPC-CO TERMINOLOGY Revised: 12 Jan 2019
    AFSPC-CO TERMINOLOGY Revised: 12 Jan 2019 Term Description AEHF Advanced Extremely High Frequency AFB / AFS Air Force Base / Air Force Station AOC Air Operations Center AOI Area of Interest The point in the orbit of a heavenly body, specifically the moon, or of a man-made satellite Apogee at which it is farthest from the earth. Even CAP rockets experience apogee. Either of two points in an eccentric orbit, one (higher apsis) farthest from the center of Apsis attraction, the other (lower apsis) nearest to the center of attraction Argument of Perigee the angle in a satellites' orbit plane that is measured from the Ascending Node to the (ω) perigee along the satellite direction of travel CGO Company Grade Officer CLV Calculated Load Value, Crew Launch Vehicle COP Common Operating Picture DCO Defensive Cyber Operations DHS Department of Homeland Security DoD Department of Defense DOP Dilution of Precision Defense Satellite Communications Systems - wideband communications spacecraft for DSCS the USAF DSP Defense Satellite Program or Defense Support Program - "Eyes in the Sky" EHF Extremely High Frequency (30-300 GHz; 1mm-1cm) ELF Extremely Low Frequency (3-30 Hz; 100,000km-10,000km) EMS Electromagnetic Spectrum Equitorial Plane the plane passing through the equator EWR Early Warning Radar and Electromagnetic Wave Resistivity GBR Ground-Based Radar and Global Broadband Roaming GBS Global Broadcast Service GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit or Geostationary Orbit ( ~22,300 miles above Earth) GEODSS Ground-Based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance
    [Show full text]
  • Mars Exploration: an Overview of Indian and International Mars Missions Nayamavalsa Scariah1, Dr
    Taurian Innovative Journal/Volume 1/ Issue 1 Mars exploration: An overview of Indian and International Mars Missions NayamaValsa Scariah1, Dr. Mili Ghosh2, Dr.A.P.Krishna3 Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi Abstract- Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. It is 1. Introduction also known as red planet because of its iron oxide content. There are lots of missions have been launched to Mars is also known as red planet, because of the mars for better understanding of our neighboring planet. reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a There are lots of unmanned spacecraft including reddish appearance. It is the fourth planet from sun. orbiters, landers and rovers have been launched into mars since early 1960. Sputnik was the first satellite The term sol is used to define duration of solar day on launched in 1957 by Soviet Union. After seven failure Mars. A mean Martian solar day or sol is 24 hours 39 missions to Mars, Mariner 4 was the first satellite which minutes and 34.244 seconds. Many space missions to reached the Martian orbiter successfully. The Viking 1 Mars have been planned and launched for Mars was the first lander reached on Mars on 1975. India exploration (Table:1) but most of them failed without successfully launched a spacecraft, Mangalyan (Mars completing the task specially in early attempts th Orbiter Mission) on 5 November, 2013, with five whereas some NASA missions were very payloads to Mars. India was the first nation to successful(such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, successfully reach Mars on its first attempt.
    [Show full text]
  • Conceptual Human-System Interface Design for a Lunar Access Vehicle
    Conceptual Human-System Interface Design for a Lunar Access Vehicle Mary Cummings Enlie Wang Cristin Smith Jessica Marquez Mark Duppen Stephane Essama Massachusetts Institute of Technology* Prepared For Draper Labs Award #: SC001-018 PI: Dava Newman HAL2005-04 September, 2005 http://halab.mit.edu e-mail: [email protected] *MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Cambridge, MA 02139 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK................................................................................ 1 1.2 ORGANIZATION.................................................................................................... 2 2 H-SI BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION ........................................................ 3 2.1 APOLLO VS. LAV H-SI........................................................................................ 3 2.2 APOLLO VS. LUNAR ACCESS REQUIREMENTS ...................................................... 4 3 THE LAV CONCEPTUAL PROTOTYPE............................................................ 5 3.1 HS-I DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS ................................................................................ 5 3.2 THE CONCEPTUAL PROTOTYPE ............................................................................ 6 3.3 LANDING ZONE (LZ) DISPLAY............................................................................. 8 3.3.1 LZ Display Introduction.................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Human Factors on Future Long Duration Human Space Exploration Missions En Route to Mars
    Open Archive TOULOUSE Archive Ouverte ( OATAO ) OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 13827 To cite this version : Ferraioli, Giuseppe and Causse, Mickael and Lizy-Destrez, Stéphanie and Gourinat, Yves Habitability of manned vehicules : the impact of human factors on future long duration human space exploration missions en route to Mars. (2015) In: 64th International Astronautical Congress, Beijing, China, September 23-27, 2013, 2013 - 2013 (Beijing, China). Any correspondance concerning this service should be sent to the repository administrator: [email protected] HABITABILITY OF MANNED VEHICLES: THE IMPACT OF HUMAN FACTORS ON FUTURE LONG DURATION HUMAN SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS EN ROUTE TO MARS Giuseppe Ferraioli ISAE - Institut Sup´erieurde l'A´eronautiqueet de l'Espace, Italy, [email protected] Dr. Mickael Causse ISAE, France, [email protected] Mrs. St´ephanie Lizy-Destrez ISAE, France, [email protected] Prof. Yves Gourinat ISAE, France, [email protected] August 3, 2013 Abstract Placing humans in space for a long duration mission beyond Earth's neighborhood implies the design of a highly complex system to travel, live and work safely in the hostile environment of deep space. In order to identify all the constraints from both engineering and human sides, a meticulous system engineering approach has to be followed and the human sciences, including incorporation of ideas from artists, ergonomists and psychologists, have to be integrated in the very early stages of the mission design.
    [Show full text]
  • March 21–25, 2016
    FORTY-SEVENTH LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS MARCH 21–25, 2016 The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center The Woodlands, Texas INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Universities Space Research Association Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRS Stephen Mackwell, Lunar and Planetary Institute Eileen Stansbery, NASA Johnson Space Center PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS David Draper, NASA Johnson Space Center Walter Kiefer, Lunar and Planetary Institute PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. Doug Archer, NASA Johnson Space Center Nicolas LeCorvec, Lunar and Planetary Institute Katherine Bermingham, University of Maryland Yo Matsubara, Smithsonian Institute Janice Bishop, SETI and NASA Ames Research Center Francis McCubbin, NASA Johnson Space Center Jeremy Boyce, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew Needham, Carnegie Institution of Washington Lisa Danielson, NASA Johnson Space Center Lan-Anh Nguyen, NASA Johnson Space Center Deepak Dhingra, University of Idaho Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Center Stephen Elardo, Carnegie Institution of Washington Dorothy Oehler, NASA Johnson Space Center Marc Fries, NASA Johnson Space Center D. Alex Patthoff, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cyrena Goodrich, Lunar and Planetary Institute Elizabeth Rampe, Aerodyne Industries, Jacobs JETS at John Gruener, NASA Johnson Space Center NASA Johnson Space Center Justin Hagerty, U.S. Geological Survey Carol Raymond, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lindsay Hays, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Paul Schenk,
    [Show full text]