DOCSLIB.ORG

Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: Results from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents Alister Munthali, Eliya M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: Results from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents Alister Munthali, Eliya M Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: Results from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents Alister Munthali, Eliya M. Zulu, Nyovani Madise, Ann M. Moore, Sidon Konyani, James Kaphuka and Dixie Maluwa-Banda Occasional Report No. 24 July 2006 Acknowledgments Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in tations presented in this report. Data tabulation and Malawi: Results from the 2004 National Survey of entry assistance were provided by Suzette Audam, Adolescents was written by Alister Munthali, the Cen- Humera Ahmed and Kate Patterson of the Guttmacher tre for Social Research, Zomba, Malawi; Eliya M. Zulu Institute. The authors would also like to thank all the and Nyovani Madise, the African Population and research assistants, field editors and their supervisors Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya; Ann M. for collecting the data upon which this report is based. Moore, the Guttmacher Institute, New York, USA; The authors also thank Charles Chilimampunga, Sidon Konyani, the Centre for Social Research, Director of the Centre for Social Research at Chancel- Zomba, Malawi, James Kaphuka, the National Statis- lor College, Zomba, Malawi; Chiweni Chimbwete, As- tical Office, Zomba, Malawi; and Dixie Maluwa- sociate at Ibis Reproductive Health; Flora Nankhuni, Banda, University of Malawi, Chancellor College, David E. Bell Fellow at the Harvard Center for Popu- Zomba, Malawi. lation and Development Studies; Roy Hauya, Director of Programs at the National AIDS Commission, The authors thank their colleagues, Christine Oue- Lilongwe, Malawi; and Barbara Mensch, Senior Asso- draogo and Georges Guiella, Institut Supérieur des Sci- ciate at the Population Council, for their constructive ences de la Population (Burkina Faso); Stella Neema comments and suggestions. and Richard Kibombo, Makerere Institute of Social Research (Uganda); Kofi Awusabo-Asare and Akwasi The research for this report was conducted under the Kumi-Kyereme, University of Cape Coast (Ghana); Guttmacher Institute’s project Protecting the Next Alex Ezeh, African Population and Health Research Generation: Understanding HIV Risk Among Youth, Center (Kenya); and Pav Govindasamy, Albert which is supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foun- Themme, Jeanne Cushing, Alfredo Aliaga, Rebecca dation, the Rockefeller Foundation and the National In- Stallings and Shane Ryland, all from ORC Macro, for stitute of Child Health and Human Development input into all facets of the survey design and coordinat- (Grant 5 R24 HD043610). ing the pretest, sample selection, training, fielding, and data editing and cleaning; colleagues from the Nation- Suggested citation: Munthali A et al., Adolescent al Statistical Office of the Government of Malawi, Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: Results namely Charles Machinjili, Commissioner for Statis- from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents, tics, Mercy Kanyuka, Deputy Commissioner for Sta- Occasional Report, New York: Guttmacher Institute, tistics, and Elliot Phiri, Assistant Commissioner, for 2006, No. 24. implementing the survey and for their roles in the de- sign of survey instruments and/or data collection and To order this report, go to www.guttmacher.org. processing; and Susheela Singh, Akinrinola Bankole, Ann E. Biddlecom and Humera Ahmed from the © 2006, Guttmacher Institute. Guttmacher Institute, for helping to develop the design of the survey questionnaire, providing initial feedback ISBN: 0-939253-86-0 on the results and contributing insights to the interpre- Table of Contents Executive Summary . .7 Tables: Characteristics of Respondents . .7 3.1 Sociodemographic characteristics . .33 Sexual Activity and Relationships . .7 3.2 Union status, childbearing and living arrangements . .34 Contraception . .7 3.3 Orphanhood characteristics . .35 Pregnancy and Childbearing . .8 3.4 Level of schooling completed . .36 HIV/AIDS and Other STIs . .8 3.5 Reasons for leaving school . .37 Profiles of Young Peoples’ Risk and 3.6 Schooling characteristics . .38 Protective Behaviors . .8 3.7 Time use and work characteristics . .39 Sexual and Reproductive Health Information 3.8 Religious and social group participation . .40 and Services . .8 3.9 Parent and teacher monitoring . .41 Conclusion . .8 3.10 Characteristics of friendship networks . .42 3.11 People who spoke about sex with adolescents . .43 Chapter 1: Introduction . .11 3.12 Alcohol and drug use . .44 The Protecting the Next Generation Project . .11 3.13 Level of worry about different issues . .45 Malawi: Political and Historical Background . .12 Charts: Malawi’s Economic and Population Growth . .12 3.1 Frequency of contact with biological mother . .46 Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health . .13 3.2 Frequency of contact with biological father . .47 Chapter 2: Methodology . .15 3.3 Current school attendance among those who ever attended school . .48 Questionnaire Design and Content . .15 3.4. Work and school status . .49 Field Procedures . .16 Sample Design . .18 3.5 Communication with parents about sex-related matters . .50 Tables: Chapter 4: Sexual Activity and Relationships 51 2.1 Interview characteristics . .21 Puberty and Initiation Rites . .51 2.2 Households, interviews and response rates . .22 Sexual Activity and Awareness . .51 2.3 Adolescent interview characteristics . .23 First Sexual Intercourse . .54 2.4 Comparison of 2003 DHS and 2004 NSA . .24 Sex Partners . .55 Chart: Sex in Exchange for Money or Gifts . .55 2.1 Conceptual framework . .25 Other Sexual Practices . .56 Sexual Abuse and Coercion . .56 Chapter 3: Context of Adolescent’s Lives . .27 Policy and Programmatic Implications . .57 Characteristics of Survey Respondents . .27 Tables: Family Formation and Living Arrangements . .27 4.1 Experiences of menstruation, puberty, Schooling Experiences and Expectations . .28 circumcision and initiation rites . .58 Time Use and Work . .29 4.2 Relationship status and sexual activity . .59 Social Ties . .29 4.3 Reasons for never having had sexual intercourse . .60 Talking About Sex-Related Matters . .30 4.4 Sexual activity status . .61 Alcohol and Drug Use, Physical Abuse . .31 4.5 Attitudes about sexual activity . .62 Current Worries . .31 4.6 Relationship with first sex partner . .63 Policy and Program Implications . .31 4.7 Characteristics of first sex . .64 Tables: 4.8 Number of sex partners . .65 7.1 Awareness of and knowledge about HIV/AIDS . .94 4.9 Characteristics of last sex partner . .66 7.2 Personal ties to and attitudes about 4.10 Sex in exchange for money or other items . .67 persons with HIV/AIDS . .95 4.11 Anal sex and drying the vagina . .68 7.3 Awareness, knowledge and experience of STIs . .96 4.12 Sexual abuse and coercion . .69 Chart: Chapter 8: Profiles of Young People’s 4.1 Proportion of adolescents who have had Risk and Protective Behaviors . .97 their first sexual experience . .70 Self-Perceived Risk of Contracting HIV . .97 Profiles of Adolescent Sexual Behavior and Condom Use . .97 Chapter 5: Contraception . .71 Condom Use at Last Intercourse . .98 Contraceptive Method Knowledge . .71 Consistent Condom Use and Reported Knowledge of the Fertile Period and of Problems with Recent Condom Use . .99 the Withdrawal Method . .71 Knowledge and Attitudes About Male Condoms . .100 Attitudes About the Impact of Contraception Recent Experiences with Cutting or on Sexual Behavior . .72 Piercing and Injections . .101 Ever Use of Contraceptives . .72 Policy and Programmatic Implications . .102 Current Use of Contraceptives . .72 Tables: Characteristics of those Using Contraception 8.1 Use of a male condom at last sex at Last Intercourse . .73 by relationship characteristics . .103 Policy and Programmatic Implications . .73 8.2 Reasons for nonuse of condoms at last sex . .104 Tables: 8.3 Characteristic of sexual intercourse among males . .105 5.1 Knowledge of contraceptive methods . .74 8.4 Knowledge about male condoms . .106 5.2 Knowledge of fertile period . .75 8.5 Attitudes about male condoms . .107 5.3 Knowledge of the withdrawal method . .76 8.6 Other sociocultural risk factors . .108 5.4 Attitude about availability of methods . .77 Charts: 5.5 Ever-use of contraceptive methods . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Evidence on ADOLESCENT SEXUAL and REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEEDS
    Protecting the Next Generation in Ghana NEW EVIDENCE ON ADOLESCENT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEEDS Protecting the Next Generation in Ghana: New Evidence on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs Laura Hessburg Kofi Awusabo-Asare Akwasi Kumi-Kyereme Joana O. Nerquaye-Tetteh Francis Yankey Ann Biddlecom Melanie Croce-Galis Acknowledgments The authors thank the following colleagues for their com- de la Population (Burkina Faso); Kofi Awusabo-Asare and ments and help in developing this report: Akinrinola Akwasi Kumi-Kyereme, University of Cape Coast (Ghana); Bankole, Leila Darabi, Ann Moore, Jennifer Nadeau, Kate Alister Munthali and Sidon Konyani, Centre for Social Patterson and Susheela Singh, all currently or formerly of Research (Malawi); Stella Neema and Richard Kibombo, the Guttmacher Institute; Victoria Ebin, independent con- Makerere Institute of Social Research (Uganda); Eliya sultant; Augustine Tanle, University of Cape Coast; and Zulu, Nyovani Madise and Alex Ezeh, African Population Adjoa Nyanteng Yenyi, Planned Parenthood Association of and Health Research Center (Kenya); and Akinrinola Ghana. The report was edited by Peter Doskoch; Kathleen Bankole, Ann Biddlecom, Ann Moore and Susheela Singh Randall coordinated the layout and printing. of the Guttmacher Institute. Valuable guidance was pro- vided by Patricia Donovan, Melanie Croce-Galis and Leila The report greatly benefited from the careful reading and Darabi of the Guttmacher Institute. For implementation of feedback given by the following external peer reviewers: the national surveys of adolescents, the authors gratefully George Amofah, Ghana Health Service; Esther Apewokin, acknowledge the work of their colleagues at ORC Macro— National Population Council; A. F. Aryee, University of specifically, Pav Govindasamy, Albert Themme, Jeanne Ghana; Lord Dartey, Joint United Nations Programme Cushing, Alfredo Aliaga and Rebecca Stallings.
    [Show full text]
  • CALL for PAPERS 8 African Population Conference
    CALL FOR PAPERS 8th African Population Conference Entebbe – Uganda, November 18 – 22, 2019 Harnessing Africa’s Population For Sustainable Development: 25 Years After Cairo And Beyond Hosted by the Government of Uganda and the Union for African Population Studies BACKGROUND Every four years, The Union for African Population Studies (UAPS) organizes a general conference on the African population. The aim of this conference is to share and disseminate research evidence on population and development issues and explore ways for applying the research evidence to improve policies and programs aimed at uplifting the well-being of people in Africa. The conference p r o v i d e s an opportunity f o r n e t w o r k i n g a n d k n o w l e d g e s h a r i n g a m o n g researchers, policy makers, program managers, international development partners, and other key stakeholders in the population field. The conference includes various capacity building activities targeted at young scholars. The eighth African Population Conference will be jointly hosted by the Government of Uganda and UAPS between November 18 and 22 November 2019 on the theme “Harnessing Africa's Population for Sustainable Development: 25 years after Cairo and Beyond”. We invite submissions for research papers, assessments of best practices, proposals for workshops, posters and exhibitions under the sessions grouped across the 16 sub-themes and sessions listed below. 1 INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUBMITTING ABSTRACTS AND PAPERS 1. Submissions are made online s t a r t i n g M a y 25, 2 0 1 9 at the 8th African Population Conference Website, http://uaps2019.popconf.org/.
    [Show full text]
  • Malawi Newborn Health Program Final Evaluation Report
    Malawi Newborn Health Program Final Evaluation Report National Level - Expanded Impact Project (with learning activities in the districts of Chitipa, Dowa, Thyolo, Mzimba, Mchinji) Cooperative Agreement No.: GHS-A-00-06-00016-00 30 September 2006 – 30 September 2011 Submitted to USAID/GH/HIDN/NUT/CSHGP December 31, 2011 by: Save the Children Federation, Inc. 54 Wilton Road, Westport, CT 06880 Telephone: (203) 221-4000 - Fax: (203) 221-4056 Contact Persons: Eric A. Swedberg, Senior Director, Child Health and Nutrition Carmen Weder, Associate Director, Department of Health & Nutrition Principal writers and editors: John Murray, External Team Leader; Karen Z. Waltensperger, Senior Advisor, Health-Africa Region; Nathalie Gamache, Associate Director, Country Support & Coordination, Saving Newborn Lives; Evelyn Zimba, Malawi Newborn Health Program Manager; Joby George, Senior Health Program Manager; Sharon Lake-Post, Editorial Consultant This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development USAID). The contents are the responsibility of Save the Children and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Page Acronyms 3 A. PRELIMINARY INFORMATION 5 B. OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT STRUCTURE AND IMPLEMENTATION 9 C. EVALUATION ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS 13 D. DATA QUALITY AND USE 14 E. PRESENTATION OF PROJECT RESULTS 17 F. DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS 20 G. DISCUSSION OF POTENTIAL FOR SUSTAINED OUTCOMES, CONTRIBUTION TO SCALE,
    [Show full text]
  • The Local Governance Performance Index (LGPI) in Malawi: Selected Findings on Health
    The Program on Governance and Local Development The Local Governance Performance Index (LGPI) in Malawi: Selected Findings on Health Report November 2016 SERIES 2016:7 Acknowledgements This project reflects fruitful collaboration of researchers at the Christian Michelson Institute, including Ragnhild Muriaas, Lise Rakner and Vibeke Wang; the Institute for Public Opinion and Research, including Asiyati Chiweza, Boniface Dulani, Happy Kayuni, Hannah Swila and Atusaye Zgambo; and the Program on Governance and Local Development, including Adam Harris, Kristen Kao, Ellen Lust, Maria Thorson, Jens Ewald, Petter Holmgren, Pierre Landry and Lindsay Benstead during implementation, and in addition Ruth Carlitz, Sebastian Nickel, Benjamin Akinyemi, Laura Lungu and Tove Wikehult in the process of data cleaning and analysis. We gratefully recognize the hard work of colleagues at the Institute for Public Opinion and Research who lead the survey research teams. These include, Ellasy Chimimba, Grace Gundula, Steve Liwera, Shonduri Manda, Alfred Mangani, Razak Mussa, Bernard Nyirenda, Charles Sisya and Elizabeth Tizola. We also thank Jane Steinberg, who provided excellent and timely editing of this report. Finally, we reserve special recognition for Laura Lungu and Kristen Kao, who led this report. This project has been made possible with the financial support of the Moulay Hicham Foundation, the Carnegie Corporation of New York, The World Bank and Yale University, which funded development of the Local Governance Performance Index, and the Swedish Research Council and the Research Council of Norway, which funded implementation in Norway. We are grateful for their support. Executive Summary Malawi is one of the poorest countries in the world. Gross national income per capita is just $747 U.S.,1 and nearly 51 percent of the population resides below the national poverty line.2 As such, much of the population suffers from health ailments.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis.Pdf (2.125Mb)
    Femteårsoppgave i Stadium IV, profesjonsstudiet i medisin Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet Universitetet i Tromsø 9019 Tromsø Malaria in Malawi The current status of diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of malaria in Malawi, how international and national guidelines can improve the situation, and how research can change these guidelines for the future The sun sets over Lake Malawi Authors Marte Langsrud Stine Haram Vetle Nilsen Malmberg [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] MK-08 MK-08 MK-08 Supervisors Dr Jon Øyvind Odland Dr Kamija Phiri [email protected] [email protected] Universitetet i Tromsø University of Malawi Tromsø, June 2013 Table of Contents 1 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. 2 3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 4 Method ............................................................................................................................................ 5 5 Theory .............................................................................................................................................. 6 5.1 Malaria....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mise En Page 1
    The International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers & Associations is the global non-profit NGO representing the research-based pharmaceutical industry, Woman & Child Health Partnerships including the biotech and vaccine sectors. Its members comprise leading international companies and national and regional industry associations covering for the Developing World low, middle and high income countries. The industry’s R&D pipeline contains hundreds of new medicines and vaccines being developed to address global disease threats, including cancer, heart disease, HIV/AIDS and malaria. The IFPMA In support of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Clinical Trials Portal, the IFPMA’s Ethical Promotion of Medicine online resource and its Developing World Health Partnerships Directory help make the industry’s Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health, activities more transparent. The IFPMA supports a wide range of WHO technical activities, notably those relating to medicine efficacy, quality and safety. It also “Every Woman, Every Chil d” provides the secretariat for the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). September 2011 ) N E ( 1 - 9 2 0 0 Chemin Louis-Dunant 15 Tel: +41 22 338 32 00 - P A P.O. Box 195 Fax: +41 22 338 32 99 M P F I 1211 Geneva 20 E-mail: [email protected] 1 1 0 Switzerland Web: www.ifpma.org 2 © Woman & Child Health Partnerships for the Developing World In support of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Global Strategy for Women’s
    [Show full text]
  • Ann M. Moore Curriculum Vitae
    Ann M. Moore Curriculum Vitae Contact Information: Guttmacher Institute 99 Lafayette Ave. #6G 125 Maiden Lane, 7th Floor Brooklyn, NY 11217 New York, NY 10038 Telephone (m): 917-488-3212 Telephone (w): 212-248-1111 ex. 2283 E-mail: [email protected] Employment 3/2004-present Senior Research Associate, Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY 9/2008-present Adjunct Faculty Member, Center for Social & Demographic Analysis, State University of New York, Albany, NY Education Ph.D. Population Research Center, Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin 2004 Dissertation: Female Control over First Sexual Intercourse in Brazil: Case Studies of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais and Recife, Pernambuco (Chair: Joseph E. Potter) M.A. Latin American Studies, Institute for Latin American Studies, The University of Texas at Austin 1999 Thesis: Gender and Sexuality Prescripts in Two Brazilian Teen Magazines: Querida and Capricho B.A. Latin American Studies and Economics, Smith College, Northampton, MA 1996 Honors Thesis: The Gap Between Uruguay's Self-Perception and Reality in the Areas of Childbearing Norms, Contraceptive Choice and Abortion Publications Frohwirth, Lori F., Ann M. Moore, Renata Maniaci. 2013. Perceptions of susceptibility to pregnancy among U.S. women obtaining abortions. Social Science and Medicine. 99: 18-26. Moore, Ann M., Richard Kibombo, and Deva Cats-Baril. Ugandan policymakers’ knowledge and perceptions of unsafe abortion. Health Policy and Planning. Available September 23, 2013 at: doi:10.1093/heapol/czt070. Kavanaugh, Megan, Ann M. Moore, Odunayo Akinyemi, Isaac Adewole, Kumbutso Dzekedzeke, Olutosin Awulode, and Oyedunni Arulogun. 2013. Community attitudes toward childbearing and abortion among HIV-positive women in Nigeria and Zambia.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Perceptions, Participation and Accountability in Malawi's Health
    Evaluation Department Local Perceptions, Participation and Accountability in Malawi’s Health Sector Report 2/2013 Norad Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation P.O.Box 8034 Dep, NO-0030 Oslo Ruseløkkveien 26, Oslo, Norway Tel: +47 23 98 00 00 Fax: +47 23 98 00 99 Photo: Serufusa Sekidde Design: Siste Skrik Kommunikasjon Print: Network Broking/Bjerch Trykkeri ISBN: 978-82-7548-774-0 Local Perceptions, Participation and Accountability in Malawi’s Health Sector May 2013 Oxford Policy Management The report is the product of its authors, and responsibility for the accuracy of data included in this report rests with the authors. The findings, interpretations and conclusions presented do not necessarily reflect the views of Norad Evaluation Department. Note on layout and language The layout of the document has tried to conform to guidelines for accessibility and ease of reading, which require Arial font and left (not full) justification of the text. The report has tried to avoid unnecessary use of acronyms and abbreviations. Disclaimer: The report is the product of its authors, and responsibility for the accuracy of data included in this report rests with the authors. The findings, interpretations and conclusions presented do not necessarily reflect the views of Norad Evaluation Department. Acknowledgements This report was produced by a team comprising Stephen Jones (Team Leader), Andrew Kardan (Project Manager), Maja Jakobsen and Dr Serufusa Sekidde from Oxford Policy Management (OPM), Professor Susan Watkins, Dr Blessings Chinsinga, and Dr Angela Chimwaza, in partnership with Invest in Knowledge in Malawi (IKI). James Mkandawire managed the IKI fieldwork team and also provided a great deal of technical input throughout the project.
    [Show full text]
  • Internal Migrations and Health in Senegal: Healthy Migrant Or Convergence Hypothesis Duboz Priscilla, Boëtsch Gilles, Gueye Lamine, Macia Enguerran
    Internal migrations and health in senegal: Healthy migrant or convergence hypothesis Duboz Priscilla, Boëtsch Gilles, Gueye Lamine, Macia Enguerran To cite this version: Duboz Priscilla, Boëtsch Gilles, Gueye Lamine, Macia Enguerran. Internal migrations and health in senegal: Healthy migrant or convergence hypothesis. New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, SAGE Publications, 2020. hal-03052366 HAL Id: hal-03052366 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03052366 Submitted on 10 Dec 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health 2020 VOL 10, NO. 3, PAGE 34-47 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Acess Internal migrations and health in senegal: Healthy migrant or convergence hypothesis Duboz Priscilla*, Boëtsch Gilles, Gueye Lamine, Macia Enguerran Department of Medicine, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal ARTICLE HISTORY ABSTRACT Received:August 24, 2020 Objective:The general objective of this study is to characterize the migrant population Accepted:September 7, 2020 Published:September 14, 2020 present in Dakar, and to test the existence in Senegal of the Healthy Migrant Hypothesis and the Convergence Hypothesis. KEYWORDS Methods: This study was carried out in 2015 on a population sample of 1000 Africa; Self-rated health; individuals living in Dakar, constructed using the quota method.
    [Show full text]
  • Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: a Synthesis of Research Evidence
    Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Malawi: A Synthesis of Research Evidence Alister C. Munthali, Agnes Chimbiri and Eliya Zulu Occasional Report No. 15 December 2004 Acknowledgments Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in technic, College of Medicine and our own documenta- Malawi: A Synthesis of Research Evidence was written tion center at the Centre for Social Research. We would by Alister C. Munthali (Centre for Social Research, like to thank the staff in these libraries for all the sup- University of Malawi, Malawi), Agnes Chimbiri port they gave us. (Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine, The research for this report was conducted under Malawi) and Eliya Zulu (African Population and The Alan Guttmacher Institute's project Protecting the Health Research Centre, Kenya). Next Generation: Understanding HIV Risk Among This synthesis report is a result of the support that Youth, which is supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates we received from many people. At The Alan Foundation. Guttmacher Institute, we are very grateful to Akinri- Suggested citation: Munthali AC, Chimbiri A and nola Bankole, Ann Biddlecom and Susheela Singh, Zulu E, Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in who thoroughly read the report and provided very use- Malawi: A Synthesis of Research Evidence, Occasion- ful and constructive comments. We would also like to al Report, New York: The Alan Guttmacher Institute, thank Dixie Maluwa-Banda of the University of 2004, No. 15. Malawi and Nyovani Madise of the University of Southampton for having
    [Show full text]
  • New Evidence on ADOLESCENT SEXUAL and REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEEDS
    Protecting the Next Generation in Malawi NEW EVIDENCE ON ADOLESCENT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NEEDS Protecting the Next Generation in Malawi: New Evidence on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs Jonathan Wittenberg Alister Munthali Ann Moore Eliya Zulu Nyovani Madise MacBain Mkandawire Felix Limbani Leila Darabi Sidon Konyani Acknowledgments This report was written by Jonathan Wittenberg, Ann Population (Burkina Faso); Kofi Awusabo-Asare and Moore and Leila Darabi of the Guttmacher Institute; Akwasi Kumi-Kyereme, University of Cape Coast (Ghana); Alister Munthali and Sidon Konyani of the Centre for Alister Munthali and Sidon Konyani, Centre for Social Social Research, University of Malawi, Zomba; Eliya Zulu Research (Malawi); Stella Neema and Richard Kibombo, and Nyovani Madise of the African Population and Health Makerere Institute of Social Research (Uganda); Eliya Research Center; and MacBain Mkandawire and Felix Zulu, Nyovani Madise and Alex Ezeh, African Population Limbani of Youth Net and Counselling (YONECO). It was and Health Research Center (Kenya); and Akinrinola edited by Haley Ball, Guttmacher Institute, and copyedited Bankole, Ann Biddlecom, Ann Moore and Susheela Singh by Susan London, independent consultant. Kathleen of the Guttmacher Institute. Valuable administrative and Randall, Guttmacher Institute, coordinated the layout and research assistance were provided by F. Humera Ahmed, printing. Casey Alrich, Suzette Audam, Kathryn Kooistra and Kate Patterson, all currently or formerly of the Guttmacher The authors thank the following colleagues for their com- Institute. For implementation of the national surveys of ments and help in developing this monograph: Akinrinola adolescents, the authors gratefully acknowledge the work Bankole, Ann Biddlecom, Melanie Croce-Galis, Patricia of their colleagues at ORC Macro—specifically Alfredo Donovan, Jennifer Nadeau, Kate Patterson and Susheela Aliaga, Jeanne Cushing, Pav Govindasamy, Rebecca Singh, all currently or formerly of the Guttmacher Stallings and Albert Themme.
    [Show full text]
  • (Social Restrictions) in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malawi: a Rapid Cost-Benefit Analysis
    Medium and long-term impacts of a moderate lockdown (social restrictions) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi: A rapid cost-benefit analysis National Planning Commission with technical support from the Copenhagen Consensus Center and the African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) 11 May 2020 1 Report contributors: Thomas Munthali, Director General, National Planning Commission of Malawi Brad Wong, Chief Economist, Copenhagen Consensus Center Bjorn Lomborg, President, Copenhagen Consensus Center Nyovani Madise, Malawi Country Director, African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) Salim Mapila, Malawi Priorities Project, Malawi We thank the following individuals for helpful comments on an earlier version of this draft: Kalipso Chalkidou, Center for Global Development, Julian Jamison, University of Exeter, Bahman Kashi, Limestone Analytics, Lisa Robinson, Harvard University and Cyandra Carvalho, Copenhagen Consensus Center. 2 Executive Summary The purpose of this brief is to examine the medium and long-term opportunity costs of different strategies aimed at lessening the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi The brief focuses on moderate lockdown measures largely referring to social restrictions as promoted through school closures as well as movement and livelihood restrictions principally minimizing social contact. Moderate lockdown measures that promote social restrictions have a high likelihood of reducing the physical death toll in the short-term: o It could reasonably be expected to reduce the death toll from COVID- 19 by about 12,000 if implemented for ~9 months. In addition, lower social interaction would also mean less traffic and hence fewer traffic deaths, saving about 550 lives. Finally, with lower pressure on the health care system, it is estimated that 3,800 more people with HIV will not die over the coming 5 years.
    [Show full text]