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Home , Anopheles atroparvus, Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Hippoboscoidea, Quaranjavirus

ArenaviridaeBunyaviridae

Ophioviridae

ArenaviridaeBunyaviridae

OrthomyxoviridaeMononegaviralesTenuivirus

Varicosavirus

ArenaviridaeBunyaviridae

Nairovirus Tenuivirus

Emaravirus

OrthobunyavirusTospovirus

Heterodera glycinesProcotyla fluviatilis

BunyaviridaeOrthomyxoviridae

Mononegavirales

Mononegavirales

Phlebovirus

de novo

Γ

Journal of

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PloS one

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Annual review of phytopathology

Molecular marine biology and biotechnology

Nature biotechnology

Systematic biology

Current opinion in microbiology

Molecular biology and evolution

PLoS genetics

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PloS one

Journal of virology

Journal of virology

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Nucleic acids research

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Virology journal

Journal of virology

Journal of virology

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi

sp, subalbatus, sinensis, quinquefasciatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Aedes albopictus, , Anopheles paraliae, , Culex pipiens, Culex sp, , Atherigona orientalis, , Lucilia sericata, Musca domestica, dux, S. peregrina, S. sp

Tabanidae

Blattella germanica

Abraxas tenuisuffusa, Hermetia illucens, Chrysopidae, Coleoptera, Psychoda alternata, Diptera, Cimex hemipterus Pseudothemis zonataNepidae Camponotus japonicus, Diplonychus sp, Asellus sp Psychoda alternata,Velarifictorus micado, Crocothemis servilia, , LampyridaeAphelinus sp Hyalopterus pruni, Aulacorthum magnolia, Dermacentor marginatus, Dermacentor sp, Haemaphysalis doenitzi, H. longicornis, H. sp, H. formosensis, asiaticum, microplus, miniatus Hyalomma asiaticum nautica, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, Plexippus setipes, Pirata sp, Araneae Exopalaemon carinicauda, Metapenaeus sp, Solenocera crassicornis, Penaeus monodon, Litopenaeus vannamei Capitulum mitella, Charybdis hellerii, C. japonica, Uca arcuata

Polydesmidae

Hyalomma asiaticum Dermacentor sp Dermacentor sp Parasteatoda tepidariorum Atherigona orientalis Diptera Diptera, Abraxas tenuisuffusa, Chrysopidae Chrysopidae Argas miniatus Dermacentor marginatus Charybdis japonica, Charybdis lucifera, Charybdis hellerii Charybdis japonica Blattella germanica unidentified Hippoboscidae unidentified Hippoboscidae Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. quinquefasciatus, Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus Rhipicephalus microplus Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. quinquefasciatus, Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus, Aedes sp Hyalopterus pruni OR Aphelinus sp Hyalopterus pruni OR Aphelinus sp Hyalopterus pruni OR Aphelinus sp unidentified Hippoboscidae Haemaphysalis hystricis Musca domestica, Chrysomya megacephala Musca domestica, Sarcophaga sp Musca domestica Hippoboscidae Hippoboscidae Hippoboscidae Hyalomma asiaticum Haemaphysalis doenitzi Dermacentor marginatus Haemaphysalis hystricis Rhipicephalus microplus Hyalopterus pruni OR Aphelinus sp unidentified Araneae unidentified Gerridae Argas miniatus Psychoda alternata Anopheles sinensis Capitulum mitella, Charybdis japonica, Charybdis lucifera Argas miniatus Sarcophaga sp Gerridae Chrysomya megacephala, Atherigona orientalis Cimex hemipterus Diptera, Abraxas tenuisuffusa Camponotus japonicus Musca domestica, Sarcophaga sp Musca domestica Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. quinquefasciatus, Aedes sp Hippoboscidae

Haemaphysalis doenitzi Dermacentor marginatus Haemaphysalis hystricis Neoscona nautica, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, Plexippus setipes Neoscona nautica, Parasteatoda tepidariorum Gerridae Chrysopidae, Psychoda alternata Blattella germanica Ostrinia furnacalis Abraxas tenuisuffusa, unidentified diptera Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes sp Haemaphysalis sp Hyalomma asiaticum Dermacentor sp Haemaphysalis longicornis Rhipicephalus microplus Dermacentor marginatus Haemaphysalis hystricis Pararge aegeria Procotyla fluviatilis Ostrinia furnacalis unidentified Chrysopidae, unidentified Diptera unidentified Hippoboscoidea Asellus sp, unidentified Nepidae, Camponotus japonicus Phoridae Aulacorthum magnoliae unidentified Polydesmidae Culex quinquefasciatus Culex quinquefasciatus Anopheles sinensis Anopheles sinensis, Armigeres subalbatus Penaeus monodon Neoscona nautica, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, Plexippus setipes Atherigona orientalis, Chrysomya megacephala, Sarcophaga sp, Musca domestica Tabanidae Culex tritaeniorhynchus Cimex hemipterus Culex tritaeniorhynchus Armigeres subalbatus Penaeus monodon, Exopalaemon carinicauda Neoscona nautica, Pirata sp, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, Araneae Hyalopterus pruni OR Aphelinus sp Gerridae Polydesmidae Asellus sp

Atherigona orientalis, Chrysomya megacephala, Sarcophaga sp, Musca domestica Tabanidae Gerridae Neoscona nautica Diptera, Stratiomyidae Hippoboscoidea

Hippoboscoidea Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus Culex quinquefasciatus Anopheles sinensis, Culex quinquefasciatus Psychoda alternata Blattella germanica

Ixodes scapularis Tetranychus urticae Daphnia pulex Eurytemora affinis Hyalella azteca Lepeophtheirus salmonis Dendroctonus ponderosae Tribolium castaneum Anopheles spp. Culex quinquefasciatus spp. Zootermopsis nevadensis Acyrthosiphon pisum Rhodnius prolixus Atta cephalotes Acromyrmex echinatior Camponotus floridanus Harpegnathos saltator Linepithema humile Nasonia spp. Pogonomyrmex barbatus Solenopsis invicta Bombyx mori Melitaea cinxia Plutella xylostella Spodoptera frugiperda Strigamia maritima

92 MosHB MosZJ 84 Horseflies Common Water striders 77 () Culex (mosquitos) 75 (unidentified (unidentified 74 C. tritaeniorhynchus 75 99 quinquefasciatus 98 Tabanidae) Gerridae) 0.1 0.1 97 100 Musca 0.1 100 sp1 88 79 0.05 domestica C. tritaeniorhynchus C. quinquefasciatus 99 sp1 94 100 C. sp 78

95 91 C. sp Armigeres 49 Sarcophaga sp2 91 100 subalbatus 99 Armigeres 99 sp 93 96 83 0.05 71 98 sp2 86 Aedes sp. 97 Chrysomya 99 Aedes sp. Anopheles sinensis megacephala cockroaches sp3 89 sp4 (single : Lucilia sericata Blattella germanica) Anopheles sinensis 97 mix 3 (dragonflies, ants, sp5 Atherigona 76 beettles, waterscorpion, etc) 100 orientalis Insect mix 1 (lacewings, moths, Millipedes 0.1 90 unknown Nepidae beetles, moth flies, soldier flies) 99 Hyalomma asiaticum (two species: 47 unknown 74 Diplonychus sp 0.1 92 93 7 Coleoptera sp. 100 Dermacentor sp Neoscona Polydesmidae) 81 97 54 Abraxas tenuisuffusa Camponotus japonicus D. marginatus nautica 100 96 91 55 unknown Chrysopidae unknown Phalangiidae Rhipicephalus microplus 100 88 40 Pseudothemis zonata Haemaphysalis formosensis unknown Diptera 100 100 Parasteatoda Psychoda alternata 91 Haemaphysalis sp 99 tepidariorum 36 Asellus sp 100 H. hystricis 99 Plexippus setipes 5 unknown Stratiomyidae 98 72 85 unknown Stratiomyidae H. longicornis 77 Pirata sp 85 Insect mix 4 (moth flies, crickets 59 H. doenitzi 99 0.1 aphids, dragonflies, etc) 99 unknown Argas miniatus 77 Araneae 0.1 98 99 Insect mix 2 0.1 96 Velarifictorus micado 83 (louseflies and bed bugs) Velarifictorus ornatus Shrimps Crabs and barnacles 93 Crocothemis servilia 99 Unknown Phoridae Penaeus monodon (X12) Charybdis japonica (X9) 100 unknown 94 68 92 25 Psychoda alternata 85 Hippoboscidae 100 Litopenaeus vannamei (X12) Charybdis lucifera (X1)

100 Unknown Lampyridae Metapenaeus sp (X6) Charybdis hellerii (X2) Cimex 100 Aulacorthum magnoliae hemipterus 52 Solenocera crassicornis (X6) Uca arcuata (X11) 96 Hyalopterus pruni Capitulum mitella (X12) 0.1 Aphelinus sp Exopalaemon carinicauda (X12)

0.05 0.1 60 50 40 30

Frequency 20 10 Abundance 0 (TPM) 0 ~ 10 10 ~ 100 100 ~ 1000 > 1000

Host mtDNA COI gene

Japanese Gill-associated virus (TPM = 20.05) (TPM = 4.19) A Mononega-like CDVesiculovirus, Ephemerovirus, Phlebovirus etc

Chuviridae Ophioviridae Tenuivirus Sigmavirus 0.5

100/100 Orthomyxo- Gouleako virus like 96/100 Lyssavirus 98/100

Arenavirus Varicosavirus

97/100 98/100 Nucleorhabdovirus Bunya-arena-like 98/100 91/100 Nairovirus Cytorhabdovirus

Phasmavirus Novirhabdovirus B 99/100 0.5 96/100 Hantavirus 88/99 Paramyxovirus 75/85 and Filovirus 98/100

Quaranjavirus 85/57 Tospovirus

97/100 Emaravirus 99/99 92/100 89/99 100/100 Orthobunya- Chuviridae Influenza A-D 0.5 virus ISAV 100/100

Type I Nairovirus Unsegmented (N=3) Varicosavirus (N=2) Tacheng Bole (N=2) Phasmavirus Virus 5 Tick Virus 3 (N=3) 10,017bp 11,183kb Orchid fleck Phlebovirus virus (N=2) (N=3) Type II Wuchang Cockroach Virus 3 Tenuivirus (N>4) L seg S seg Phlebo-like 7152bp 4788bp (N=3) Wuhan Louse Virus 7 Emaravirus (N>4) Tospovirus (N=3) Chuviridae L seg S seg Orthobunyavirus 6808bp 2343bp Ophiovirus (N=3) Various (N>3) Type III Hantavirus (N=3) Orthomyxovirus Organizations Wenzhou Crab Virus 3 12,860bp Segmented (N=6-8) 3’ 5’ millipede (Nairovirus) tick, crab water strider fly, spier, lousefly unknown diptera (Arenavirus) tick aphis,moths cockroach mosquito (Ophiovirus) (Pneumo- cockroach (Paramyxovirus mos- virus) (Phlebovirus) quito water strider and filovirus)

tick spider moth, crab tick mosquito (Tenuivirus) fly lousefly (Nucleorhabdovirus) tick spider fly, lousefly, bed bug, aphid ant, mosquito, moth water strider mosquito (Cytorhabdovirus), aphid waterscorpion butterfly millipede Asellus sp (Lyssavirus) shrimp spider humbleback- (Emaravirus) water strider fly, lousefly fly mosquito (Tospovirus) tick midges tick, lousefly (Vesiculovirus, (orthobuny- shrimp coleoptera Ephemerovirus, virus) mosquito etc) spider mosquito cockroach moth fly bed bug horsefly dragonfly (Hantavirus) water strider (Influenza virus) Wuhan DG3-4 DG3-4 horseflies Wuhan flies (A) (B) SYY4-2 SYY2-1 Horsefly DG2-3 DG3-2 (host) Fly (host) JJ3-9 SYY2-2 SYY2-2 Virus DG3-1 Virus 1 DG2-4 JJ3-6 SYY2-4 0.05 SYY4-8 DG1-1 DG3-9 0.01 SYY2-4 SYY2-6 DG2-5 DG3-10 SYY4-1 SYY4-5 DG3-10 DG3-1 DG3-2 JJ3-1 SYY4-5 SYY4-2 DG3-9 DG2-5 SYY3-1 SYY4-8 JJ2-1 DG2-6 SYY2-6 SYY3-1 JJ2-5 JJ2-5 SYY2-1 SYY4-1 DG2-2 JJ2-6 JJ2-6 JJ2-8 JJ2-1 DG2-6 0.005 0.05 JJ3-6 DG2-4 JJ3-9 DG2-2 JJ3-1 DG2-3 JJ2-8 DG1-1 (D) Wuhan XZ1-6 WT3-14 mosquitos (C) Mosquito QN3-5 WT3-15 (host) Wuhan mosquitos XC1-5 WT3-14 Virus 1 XC1-9 WT3-13 Mosquito XC1-6 WT3-15 (host) XC2-6 QN3-6 Virus 2 XC1-9 WT3-13 JX1-12 QN3-5 QN2-7 QN3-6 QN3-6 JX1-14 XC1-5 JX1-13 QN3-5 JX1-12 XC1-8 JX1-13 WT3-14 JX1-14 XC1-7 QN2-6 WT3-13 JX1-12 WT3-13 XC2-6 JX1-14 JX1-13 XC1-6 XZ3-11 WT3-15 QN2-7 WT3-15 XC1-9 XZ3-11 XZ3-11 JX1-14 XC1-8 QN3-5 XC1-5 JX1-13 XC1-7 QN3-6 XC1-6 WT3-14 XC1-6 JX1-12 XC1-9 QN2-6 XC1-5 XZ3-11 XZ1-6 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.05 A RdRP Putative Glycoprotein Putative 97 Bole Tick Virus 3 Bole Tick Virus 3 97 Bole Tick Virus 3 0 Changping Tick Virus 2 99 Changping Tick Virus 2 Changping Tick Virus 2 79 Tacheng Tick Virus 5 Wuhan Tick Virus 2 Tacheng Tick Virus 5 0.2 92 100 Changping Tick Virus 3 33 Wuchang Cockraoch Virus 3 90 Changping Tick Virus 3 99 Wuhan Tick Virus 2 41 Lishi Spider Virus 1 83 Wuhan Tick Virus 2

94 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 7 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 8 64 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 6 70 100 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 6 Wenzhou Crab Virus 2 100 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 7 38 86 Wenzhou Crab Virus 2 Tacheng Tick Virus 4 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 8 Wuchang Cockraoch Virus 3 Wuchang Cockraoch Virus 3 100 Lishi Spider Virus 1 90 Lishi Spider Virus 1 97 0.5 12 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 8 Wenzhou Crab Virus 2 Tacheng Tick Virus 4 Tacheng Tick Virus 4 Shayang Fly Virus 1 Wenzhou Crab Virus 3 0.5

Changping Tick Virus 3 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 8 B 3’ 9527 nts 5’ 3’ 12004 nts 5’ L 252.7kDa N? L 247.3kDa G 73.4kDa N? VP4 47.6kDa 70.6kDa 11.2kDa Tacheng Tick Virus 5 Wenzhou Crab Virus 2 3’ 10017 nts 5’ 3’ 6959 nts 5’ 3’ 4698 nts 5’

L 252.5kDa N? VP3 L 251.3kDa G 72.4kDa N? VP4 47.2kDa 12.5kDa 67.9kDa 17.6kDa Wuhan Tick Virus 2 Lishi Spider Virus 1 3’ 11395 nts 5’ 3’ 7051 nts 5’ 3’ 4426 nts 5’ L 250.6kDa G 75.7kDa N? VP4 L 252.1kDa G 75.1kDa N? VP4 45.0kDa 13.8kDa 46.3kDa 14.5kDa Changping Tick Virus 2 Wuchang Cockroach Virus 3 3’ 10877 nts 5’ 3’ 7152 nts 5’ 3’ 4788 nts 5’ L 244.0kDa G 73.8kDa N? L 254.2kDa G 75.7kDa N? VP4 51.6kDa 47.0kDa 20.2kDa Bole Tick Virus 3 Tacheng Tick Virus 4 3’ 11183 nts 5’ 3’ 10815 nts 5’ L 244.7kDa G 72.3kDa N? VP4 G 72.9kDa N? L 247.2kDa 51.3kDa 12.2kDa 54.7kDa Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 6 Wenzhou Crab Virus 3 3’ 6777 nts 5’ 3’ 2291 nts 5’ 3’ 12860 nts 5’

L 249.1kDa N? VP3 G1 96.8kDa N? G2 61.3kDa L 238.1kDa VP5 47.0kDa 15.1kDa 19.6kDa Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 7 Shayang Fly Virus 1 3’ 6808 nts 5’ 3’ 2343 nts 5’ 3’ 13732 nts 5’

L 247.7kDa N? G 121.6kDa VP2 N? L 281.4kDa 47.5kDa 69.5kDa 11.7kDa

14X TTTTATTT------GAATACAAGGG TTTTATTCAAA---GAATACAAGGG C TTTTATTCGG----GAATACAAGGG TTTTATTCAATTTTGAATACAAGGG TTTTATTTTT----GAATACAAGGG TTTTATTCAATT--GAATACAAGGG TTTTATTCTTT---GAATACAAGGG

0-899X

L G N? L G N? L segment M segment S segment L segment M segment S segment Phlebovirus Nairovirus_like 3’ 6441 nts 5’ 3’ 3568 nts 5 ’ 3’ 1709 nts 5’ 3’ 12336 nts 5’ 3’ 3322 nts 5’ 3’ 2241 nts 5’ Huangpi Tick Virus 2 Xinzhou Spider Virus L 464.6kDa Gn 66.3 kDa Gc partial N 56.6kDa L 243.0kDa Gn 57.9 kDa Gc 55.0 kDa N 27.4kDa NSs 30.9kDa 3’ 3’ 3’ 6527 nts 5’ 3’ 1830 nts 5’ 12229 nts 5’ 4193 nts 5’ 3’ 2171 nts 5’ Yongjia Tick Virus 1 N/A Sanxia Water Strider virus 1 L 450.0kDa Gn Gc 74.9 kDa N 53.9kDa L 243.6kDa N 29.8kDa NSs 11.3kDa 52.2 kDa 3’ 13486 nts 5’ 3’ 4805 nts 5’ 3’ 1940 nts 5’ 3’ 6549 nts 5’ 3’ 1795 nts 5’ Shayang Spider Virus 1 Dabieshan Tick Virus N/A L 506.5kDa Gn Gc 100.9 kDa N 64.2kDa L 245.6kDa N 30.2kDa NSs 60.2 kDa 15.1kDa 3’ 11823 nts 5’ 3’ 4675 nts 5’ 3’ 1969 nts 5’ 3’ 6660 nts 5’ 3’ 2185 nts 5’ Huangpi Tick Virus 1 L 444.7kDa Gn 66.1 kDa Gc 77.9 kDa N 53.9kDa Tacheng Tick Virus 2 L 247.1kDa N/A N 46.9kDa 3’ 12073 nts 5’ 3’ 4428 nts 5’ 3’ 1785 nts 5’ 3’ 6637 nts 5’ 3’ 1227 nts 5’ Wenzhou Tick Virus L 441.4kDa Gn 72.0 kDa Gc 73.7 kDa N 54.7kDa Changping Tick Virus 1 L 250.3kDa N/A N partial 3’ 12184 nts 5’ 3’ 5147 nts 5’ 3’ 1840 nts 5’ 3’ 6483 nts 5’ 3’ 1659 nts 5’ Tacheng Tick Virus 1 L 446.9kDa Gn 73.2 kDa Gc 76.1 kDa N 54.6kDa Bole Tick Virus 1 N/A L 244.9kDa N 34.1kDa Phasmavirus_like 3’ 6574 nts 5’ 3’ 2073 nts 5’ 3’ 2208 nts 5’ Wuhan Mosquito Virus 2 3’ 6517 nts 5’ 3’ 1925 nts 5’ L 242.4kDa Gn Gc 52.8 kDa NSs (?) N 42.9kDa Lihan Tick Virus N/A partial 13.1kDa L 247.4kDa N 50.0kDa 3’ 6474 nts 5’ 3’ 2217 nts 5’ 3’ 2111 nts 5’ Wuhan Mosquito Virus 1 L 238.4kDa N 38.2kDa Phlebovirus_like 3’ 6284 nts 5’ 3’ 2969 nts 5’ 3’ 898 nts 5’ Gn Gc 53.2 kDa NSs(?) VP3(?) partial 14.1kDa 12.3kDa Whenzhou Shrimp Virus 1 3’ 6493 nts 5’ 3’ 2636 nts 5’ 3’ 1808 nts 5’ L 233.3kDa partial N 27.2kDa Wuchang Cockraoch Virus 1 L 246.1kDa Gn 35.1 kDa Gc 53.7 kDa N 48.3kDa 3’ 6754 nts 5’ 3’ 3357 nts 5’ 3’ 1454 nts 5’ NSs (?) 13.9kDa Wutai Mosquito Virus 3’ 4899 nts 5’ 3’ 2255 nts 5’ 3’ 1959 nts 5’ L 251.3kDa Gn 81.1 kDa Gc 55.9 kDa N 31.8kDa Shuangao Insect Virus 2 L partial Gn Gc 51.7 kDa 3’ 6779 nts 5’ 3’ 4454 nts 5’ 3’ 1116 nts 5’ NSs (?) N 54.7kDa VP3 (?) 23.1 kDa 15.4kDa 18.4kDa Wuhan Fly Virus 1 3’ L 252.6kDa 154.5 kDa N 30.4kDa 1148 nts 5’ N partial NSs (?) 3’ 7082 nts 5’ 3’ 1285 nts 5’ partial Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 2 N/A Orthobunyavirus 3’ 6787 nts 5’ 3’ 2939 nts 5 ’ 3’ 959 nts 5’ L 267.2kDa N partial Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 1 L 262.4kDa Gn NSm Gc partial N 27.1kDa 3’ 7046 nts 5’ 3’ 3648 nts 5’ NSs partial15.9kDa 9.6kDa N/A Orthobunyavirus_like 3’ 7325 nts 5’ 3’ 4753 nts 5 ’ 3’ 1233 nts 5’ Qingnian Mosquito Virus L 252.7kDa Gn 63.8 kDa Gc 57.8 kDa Shuangao Insect Virus 1 L 264.8kDa Gn NSm Gc 111.4 kDa N 30.0kDa 3’ 6520 nts 5’ 3’ 1211 nts 5’ 27.4kDa N/A Unclassified segmented virus 1 3’ 5754 nts 5’ 3’ 2957 nts 5 ’ Wuhan Insect Virus 1 L 240.7kDa N partial Jiangxia Mosquito Virus 1 L partial Gn partial Gc partial N/A 3’ 5662 nts 5’ Unclassified segmented virus 2 3’ Wuhan Millipede Virus 1 N/A N/A 5956 nts 5’ 3’ 2312 nts 5’ L partial Jiangxia Mosquito Virus 2 N/A L 217.0kDa Gn Gc partial 3’ 6421 nts 5’ 3’ 3278 nts 5’ 3’ 1030 nts 5’ partial 3’ 6085 nts 5’ 3’ 3302 nts 5 ’ Yichang Insect Virus L 238.8kDa Gn 55.9 kDa Gc 54.6 kDa N 28.1kDa Shuangao Bedbug Virus 1 Gn 49.0 kDa Gc 67.7 kDa N/A L 229.7kDa 3’ 6276 nts 5’ 3’ 3357 nts 5’ 3’ 1480 nts 5’ 3’ 6553 nts 5’ Shuangao Insect Virus 3 L 234.3kDa Gn 62.3 kDa Gc 54.6 kDa N 45.9kDa Shuangao Mosquito Virus L partial N/A N/A 3’ 7604 nts 5’ Unclassified segmented virus 3 3’ 6873 nts 5’ 3’ 2466 nts 5 ’ N/A N/A ZheE Mosquito Virus L 276.5kDa Whenzhou Shrimp Virus 2 N/A L 258.0kDa Gn Gc 56.3 kDa partial 3’ 6362 nts 5’ Unclassified segmented virus 4 3’ 6646 nts 5’ Xinzhou Mosquito Virus N/A N/A L 230.6kDa Shayang Spider Virus 2 L 249.4kDa N/A N/A 3’ 6870 nts 5’ Unclassified segmented virus 5 3’ 7243 nts 5’ 3’ 2852 nts 5’ 3’ 1820 nts 5’ Wuhan Spider Virus N/A N/A L 256.6kDa Wuhan Insect Virus 2 L 272.2kDa Gn partial Gc partial N 53.9kDa 3’ 6055 nts 5’ Huangshi 3’ 7151 nts 5’ N/A N/A Humpbacked Fly Virus L 230.2kDa Sanxia Water Strider Virus 2 L 271.6kDa N/A N/A

Tenuivirus_like 3’ 9525 nts 5’ 3’ 2804 nts 5’ 3’ 1889 nts 5’ Unclassified segmented virus 6 3’ 11332 nts 5’ 3’ 1960 nts 5’ Wuhan horsefly Virus Wuhan Millipede Virus 2 N/A N 53.8kDa L 363.0kDa Gn 43.4 kDa Gc 50.5 kDa N 51.6kDa L 417.0kDa Unclassified segmented virus 7 3’ 6743 nts 5’ 3’ 1867 nts 5’ Wuhan Insect Virus 3 L 249.0kDa N/A N 53.8kDa Nishimuro virus like Unclassified Rhabdovirus 2 Yongjia Tick Virus 2 Sanxia Water Strider Virus 5 3’ 10833 nts 5’ 3’ 12978 nts 5’

N P(?) M G L N VP2 VP3 G L 47.9 29.8 23.7 60.5 239.6 48.4 38.3 28.6 71.0 259.2 Kolente virus like Shuangao Bedbug Virus 2 3’ 10925 nts 5’ Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 5 3’ 11103 nts 5’ VP1 G VP3 L N P M G L 31.3 72.8 16.7 254.2 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 9 48.2 33.1 24.8 63.5 245.7 3’ 13706 nts 5’ Sigmavirus_like Wuhan Fly Virus 2 VP1ORF1 VP2 ORF2 VP3 ORF3 G 69.5kDa G L 196.7kDa L 3’ 12247 nts 5’ 31.0 58.2 29.9 69.5 256.0 Wuhan House Fly Virus 2 N P(?) X M G L 3’ 14731 nts 5’ 50.1 27.3 38.7 27.8 62.5 244.5 VP1 VP2 VP3VP4 G VP6 L Shayang Fly Virus 2 54.3 42.4 18.2 31.3 73.2 11.4 254.1 3’ 12291 nts 5’ Shayang Fly Virus 3 3’ 15462 nts 5’ N P(?) X M G L 50.0 27.3 37.9 26.0 61.4 247.9 VP1 VP2 VP3 G L 53.7 45.5 35.8 74.2 255.5 Wuhan House Fly Virus 1 Unclassified Rhabdovirus 1 3’ 12651 nts 5’ Tacheng Tick Virus 7 3’ 13408 nts 5’ N P(?) X(?) MG L 51.7 35.2 42.0 25.5 60.4 299.3 VP1 VP4 G L VP2 VP3 51.3 38.3 82.6 249.5 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 10 49.0 23.6 3’ 11541 nts 5’ Cytorhabdovirus_like Wuhan Insect virus 4 N P(?) M G L 3’ 13490 nts 5’ 50.2 35.4 26.5 61.7 246.4 Wuhan Louse Fly Virus 9 N P 4b M(?) G L 3’ 11370 nts 5’ 54.4 33.4 37.9 19.5 64.1 243.5 Wuhan Insect virus 6 3’ 14191 nts 5’ N P(?) M G L 50.6 29.1 25.1 60.4 245.7 N P 4b M G L Unclassified Dimarhabdovirus 2 51.4 33.4 26.2 19.6 63.4 238.3 Wuhan Insect virus 7 Wuhan Insect virus 5 3’ 11165 nts 5’ 3’ 12734 nts 5’

N P(?) M G L N P 4b M G L 48.5 30.9 24.3 58.6 242.9 49.6 32.3 25.5 20.2 60.9 240.6 Unclassified Dimarhabdovirus 1 Unclassified Mononegavirus 1 Huangpi Tick Virus 3 Tacheng Tick Virus 6 3’ 13169 nts 5’ 3’ 10787 nts 5’

N P(?) M(?) G L VP1 VP2 VP3VP4 VP5 L 54.1 43.2 29.3 59.1 247.3 51.1 29.4 24.1 14.3 17.6 237.4 Taishun Tick Virus Sanxia Water Strider Virus 4 3’ 12930 nts 5’ 3’ 11280 nts 5’ VP1 VP2 VP3 G VP5 L N VP2 VP3 L 46.1 49.6 15.861.7 20.5 243.2 52.2 52.0 17.0 253.1 Unclassified Mononegavirus 2 Bole Tick Virus 2 Xincheng Mosquito Virus 3’ 11843 nts 5’ 3’ 12774 nts 5’

N P(?) M G L VP1 VP2 VP3 G L 54.5 28.0 32.3 57.0 246.3 52.3 18.4 48.1 72.0 231.1 Wuhan Tick Virus 1 Unclassified Mononegavirus 3 3’ 10306 nts 5’ Wenzhou Crab Virus 1 3’ 9591 nts 5’ N VP2 VP3 L 55.1 39.0 23.2 248.9 NVP2 G L 40.7 20.3VP3 57.5 202.2 16.3 Rice grassy stunt virus Wuhan horsefly Virus

RNA1 P1 RNA1 (9760bp) RdRp (9549bp) RdRp

RNA2 P2 RNA2 (4056bp) Putative Gn-Gc (2804bp) Putative Gn-Gc

RNA3 P3 RNA3 (3123bp) PC3 (1889bp) N

RNA4 P4 RNA4 (2915bp) PC4 (1698bp) NS4

RNA5 P5

(2704bp) N

RNA6 NCP

(2584bp) NS4 97 Changping Tick Virus 2 A 99 Bole Tick Virus 3 97 Wuhan Tick Virus 2 70 EVE Anopheles maculatus 40 EVE Acyrthosiphon pisum (N = 9) 100

61 EVE Tribolium castaneum (N = 3) 98 EVE Hyalella azteca 89 Wenzhou Crab Virus 2 Lishi Spider Virus 1 70 94 Wuchang Cockroach Virus 3 100 EVE Culicidae 93 Wuhan Mosquito Virus 8

EVE Hymenoptera 97 Tacheng Tick Virus 4

0.5

98 100 Anopheles funestus 93 Pogonomyrmex barbatus (N=13) B Solenopsis invicta C Anopheles funestus 97 86 Camponotus floridanus Anopheles funestus 100 Linepithema humile Anopheles minimus 0.1 96 0.5 Linepithema humile 88 Anopheles stephensi Acromyrmex echinatior (N=4) 100 100 Anopheles stephensi Harpegnathos saltator (N=4) 94 100 Anopheles stephensi 93 Solenopsis invicta 100 Anopheles stephensi Acromyrmex echinatior Anopheles minimus 98 Pogonomyrmex barbatus 88 99 Nasonia vitripennis Anopheles dirus 100 Nasonia vitripennis Anopheles dirus Nasonia giraulti 100 Anopheles arabiensis 100 99 Nasonia longicornis Nasonia vitripennis 99 99 Anopheles minimus 100 Nasonia vitripennis A. quadriannulatus Nasonia vitripennis 95 91 100 Nasonia giraulti Anopheles albimanus Nasonia longicornis Anopheles albimanus 92 71 98 Nasonia vitripennis 100 Anopheles sinensis 95 Nasonia longicornis Anopheles sinensis 98 Nasonia vitripennis 94 99 Anopheles epiroticus Nasonia vitripennis 100 Anopheles atroparvus Nasonia longicornis 100 83 Anopheles gambiae Nasonia vitripennis 86 100 100 Nasonia vitripennis (N=5) Anopheles gambiae Nasonia vitripennis 80 Anopheles quadriannulatus 99 Nasonia vitripennis Anopheles dirus 100 99 Nasonia vitripennis Anopheles nili 85 Nasonia giraulti Anopheles farauti 97 Nasonia longicornis 81 Anopheles farauti Nasonia giraulti Anopheles albimanus Nasonia vitripennis 84 100 Aedes aegypti 93 Nasonia vitripennis 98 Nasonia vitripennis Aedes aegypti Solenopsis invicta 98 Aedes aegypti Linepithema humile 100 Aedes aegypti Camponotus floridanus Aedes aegypti 99 Camponotus floridanus 100 Aedes aegypti Harpegnathos saltator 100 Culex quinquefasciatus 100 Harpegnathos saltator 80 Camponotus floridanus 99 C. quinquefasciatus 100 Linepithema humile (N=5) Aedes aegypti 100 Acromyrmex echinatior (N=3) 100 Aedes aegypti 100 Solenopsis invicta Aedes aegypti 86 93 Linepithema humile (N=4) Aedes aegypti 83 87 95 86 Solenopsis invicta (N=7) Aedes aegypti 98 Pogonomyrmex barbatus (N=8) 100 Aedes aegypti 98 100 Solenopsis invicta 100 Culex quinquefasciatus Solenopsis invicta Culex quinquefasciatus Harpegnathos saltator 70 Culex quinquefasciatus 90 Solenopsis invicta Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Phytophagous Blood-feeding vectors vectors

Plants Vertebrates

Tospovirus Nairovirus Filovirus Cytorhabdovirus Phlebovirus Arenavirus Nucleorhabdovirus Orthobunyavirus Bornavirus Emaravirus Ephemerovirus Influenza virus Tenuivirus Vesiculovirus Paramyxovirus Lyssavirus Hantavirus