Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement

November 2016

CONTENTS

GLOSSARY I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Project Background 1 1.2 Project Scope 1 1.3 Objectives 2 1.4 Structure of the Report 2 2. METHODOLOGY 4 2.1 Overview 4 2.2 Stage 1: Route Corridor Identification 5 2.3 Stage 2: Route Corridor Analysis 9 2.4 Stage 3: Consultation and Refinement of Preferred Route Corridor 10 2.5 Stage 4: Confirmation of Proposed Route Corridor 12 3. ENVIRONMENAL BASELINE CONDITIONS 13 3.1 Introduction 13 3.2 Section 1: South 13 3.3 Section 2: and South 14 3.4 Section 3: Elgin South 16 3.5 Section 4: Huntly South West 17 3.6 Section 5: Kintore North 18 4. STAGE 1: ROUTE CORRIDOR IDENTIFICATION 20 4.1 Introduction 20 4.2 Northern Route Corridor 20 4.3 Central Route Corridor 21 4.4 Southern Route Corridor 21 5. STAGE 2: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ROUTE CORRIDORS 22 5.1 Introduction 22 5.2 Step 1: Comparison of Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridors 22 5.3 Step 2: Analysis of Route Corridors and Identification of Preferences 26 5.4 Step 3: Analysis of Preferred Route Corridor for Consultation and Identification of Key Issues for Detailed Routeing 32 6. STAGE 3: CONSULTATION AND REFINEMENT 34 6.1 Introduction 34 6.2 Consultation with the Statutory Stakeholder Forum 34 6.3 Community Consultation 37 7. STAGE 4: PROPOSED ROUTE CORRIDOR AND SUMMARY OF SENSITIVITIES 39 7.1 Proposed Route Corridor 39 7.2 Key Sensitivities Identified 39 7.3 Next Steps 39

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

ANNEXES

Annex A: Figures Annex B: Environmental Constraint Sensitivity Annex C: Potential Transmission Infrastructure Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities Annex D: Assessment of Landscape Character Types Annex E: Review of Local Landscape Designations Annex F: Notes on Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridor Boundaries Annex G: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Meeting Minutes Annex H: Statutory Stakeholder Information Pack

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

GLOSSARY

275 kV 275 kilovolt (275,000 volt) operating voltage electrical circuit 400 kV 400 kilovolt (400,000 volt) operating voltage of an electrical circuit AGLV Area of Great Landscape Value - areas identified by The Council by virtue either as being large scale areas of regional importance for scenic quality, or as being small scale areas of local scenic and recreational value. They are afforded protection under Policy E7 of the Moray Local Plan 2008, and the proposed Moray Local Development Plan. AOD Above Ordnance Datum BGS British Geological Survey CAWL Core Areas of Wild Land – extensive areas of high wildness as defined by Scottish Natural Heritage. EIA Environmental Impact Assessment. A formal process set down in The Electricity Works (EIA) () Regulations 2000 (as amended in 2008) used to systematically identify, predict and assess the likely significant environmental impacts of a proposed project or development. GDL Garden and Designed Landscape, as listed on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes held by Historic Environment Scotland GSP Grid Supply Point GWDTE Groundwater Dependent Terrestrial Ecosystem HES Historic Environment Scotland Holford Rules A set of 7 rules, first developed in 1959 by Sir William Holford, which define the principles of route selection and which continue to inform transmission line routing in the UK IBA Important Bird Areas are designated by Birdlife as places of international significance for the conservation of birds and other biodiversity1. They are a non-statutory, international designation. LCT Landscape Character Type OHL Overhead line Planning application An application for planning permission under the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997, as amended by the Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006. It should be noted that consent under section 37 of the Electricity Act 1989 usually carries with it deemed planning permission from the Scottish Ministers under Section 57 of the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997. Preferred route corridor The route corridor option which is considered to represent the optimum balance between the various environmental considerations

1 www.birdlife.org

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Proposed route corridor The final route corridor within which alternative OHL route alignments will be defined and appraised. Route corridor A refined area of search within the larger Study Area, through which a new transmission line could be located Section 37 (s37) application An application for development consent under section 37 of the Electricity Act 1989 SAC Special Area of Conservation - designated under Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (known as - The Habitats Directive) SEPA Scottish Environment Protection Agency SHE Transmission Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission plc SLA Special Landscape Area - areas identified by The Council by virtue either as being large scale areas of regional importance for scenic quality, or as being small scale areas of local scenic and recreational value. They are afforded protection under Policy 61 of the Highland Wide Local Development Plan (Adopted 2012). SNH Scottish Natural Heritage SPA Special Protection Area – designated under Directive 2009/147/EC on the Conservation of Wild Birds (the Birds Directive) SSSI Site of Special Scientific Interest – designated by SNH under the Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004 Study Area The widest area of land between the existing Beauly, Blackhillock and Kintore substations, within which the route corridor options are located. THC TMC The Moray Council WLA Wild Land Area, as classified by SNH (2014) ZTV Zone of Theoretical Visibility - the theoretical visibility of an object in the landscape

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission plc (‘SHE Transmission’) has identified a need to reinforce the electricity transmission system between the existing Beauly and Blackhillock substations and between the existing Blackhillock and Kintore substations (‘the Projects’). The Projects comprise national infrastructure. The need has arisen due to the significant growth in renewable energy generation in the north of Scotland. The forecast for renewable energy generation growth in the area is informed by generation with signed contracts for connection to the grid and the Future Energy Scenarios (FES) provided by the National Electricity Transmission System Operator (NETSO), NGET (National Grid Electricity Transmission). The existing SHE Transmission grid system network is divided by main system boundaries and the objective of the proposed reinforcements between Beauly, Blackhillock and Kintore is to increase the transfer capacity across the B1 boundary, which divides the network at Blackhillock substation. This route corridor selection study has been prepared on behalf of SHE Transmission and reports on the process of environmental analysis carried out to inform the selection of a proposed route corridor for a new 400 kV overhead line (OHL) between the Beauly, Blackhillock and Kintore substations. The objectives of this route corridor selection study are:

• to identify potentially viable route corridors between the defined connection points that are 'technically feasible and economically viable' and 'which cause the least disturbance to the environment and to the people who live, work, visit and recreate within it', and to spatially define this corridor/or corridors; • to identify a preferred route corridor, based on consideration of relative environmental sensitivities; • to undertake consultation on the preferred route corridor, on the basis of the analysis presented in this report, and identify a proposed route corridor to be taken forward to detailed route selection; and • to identify key environmental issues associated with the proposed route corridor, which will inform the scope of environmental surveys to be completed to inform route selection within the proposed route corridor. A study area was identified to incorporate the maximum area under consideration for the Projects. This covered geographic locations which allowed a connection between the three identified substations. The boundaries of the study area are defined as follows:

• The northern boundary is formed by the coastline, from Beauly as far east as Port Gordon, to the north of Blackhillock substation, as well as an area to the east of Huntly; • The eastern boundary is located approximately 10 km east of a direct line between Blackhillock and Kintore substations, in order to allow full consideration of this area; • The southern boundary is formed by the boundary of the Cairngorms National Park, as well as the location of site options for a new substation at ; • The western boundary is formed by the existing Beauly substation and Loch Ness, as well as the area along the western side of Loch Ness. The environmental analysis was undertaken in four stages. Stage 1 involved environmental baseline data gathering to identify existing environmental features and sensitivities across the study area, which was divided into five sections. The following environmental features were identified and mapped: sites/features designated at international/European/national level (Special Protection Areas (SPAs); Special Areas of Conservation (SAC); Ramsar sites; Sites of Special

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Scientific Interest (SSSIs); listed buildings; scheduled monuments; conservation areas, registered battlefields); landscape character types; gardens and designed landscapes; wild land areas; settlements, area of highest population density; other infrastructure including proposed wind farms, existing transmission infrastructure, airports, railways, mines, landfill sites and quarries; and recreational designations including core paths, national cycle network routes and country parks. As a basis for identifying potential route corridor options, a specific sensitivity weighting of high, medium or low sensitivity, was defined for each environmental feature identified. This was undertaken by using relevant guidance and professional judgement. Stage 1 also included the identification of opportunities for rationalisation of existing infrastructure and efficiencies with other proposed projects. In light of all this information, potential route corridor options were identified which represented locations with greatest potential for locating the Projects. At Stage 2, a comparative assessment of the potential route corridor options was carried out, in order to differentiate between options and arrive at a preferred route corridor. The assessment considered each section of the study area in turn and identified all of the high and medium sensitivity environmental factors within each route corridor option. The central route corridor was identified as preferred across the majority of the study area. To address specific environmental sensitivities and arrive at an overall preferred route corridor, a hybrid of the central and southern route corridor options was selected within the section of the study area in proximity to Bennachie. Stage 3 comprised consultation on the route corridor selection study and preferred route corridor, including both consultation with a Statutory Stakeholder Forum convened by the Scottish Government throughout Stage 2, as well as two periods of community consultation on the preferred route corridor. In response to feedback received during the first period of community consultation, some additional analysis and refinement of the preferred route corridor was undertaken in the vicinity of Monymusk and Kintore, and a second period of community consultation was subsequently held in that location. Stage 4 comprised a further analysis of feedback received, modification if required and confirmation of the proposed route corridor, which will be taken forward for further detailed analysis to establish the location of a preferred route, capable of accommodating a 400 kV OHL.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report ii

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background 1.1.1 As part of its obligations under the Electricity Act 1989 and Transmission Licence, SHE Transmission has a number of responsibilities including: i. the development and maintenance of an efficient, coordinated and economical system of electricity transmission ii. the facilitation of competition in the supply and generation of electricity, and iii. ensuring that the security of the network is maintained as the demand and/or generation connections change over time. 1.1.2 The National Electricity Transmission System Security and Quality of Supply Standard (NETS SQSS) provides the criteria that all transmission owners use to plan and design the transmission system. Under the SQSS assessment, it is necessary to establish the required transfer capabilities across sections of the transmission network for a range of generation and network scenarios and to compare this to the actual network capability. The SQSS assessment for each section of the network can readily indicate any divergence between required capability and actual capability and therefore demonstrate when reinforcement across a section of network is required. 1.1.3 The need for reinforcement of the transmission system between Beauly and Blackhillock and between Blackhillock and Kintore (hereafter referred to as 'the Projects') is identified as a result of the significant growth in renewable energy generation in the north of Scotland. The forecast for renewable energy generation growth in the area is informed by generation with signed contracts for connection to the grid and the Future Energy Scenarios (FES) provided by the National Electricity Transmission System Operator (NETSO), NGET (National Grid Electricity Transmission), taking account of stakeholder feedback. 1.1.4 The FES, published by NETSO, describe various scenarios for generation and demand across the transmission network of Great Britain and informs the requirements for network reinforcement.. These proposed reinforcements are reviewed by National Grid annually via the Networks Options Assessment (NOA) report. The NOA report scrutinises transmission owner reinforcement options and gives recommendations for future development of the transmission system based on a cost benefit approach. Early development of large transmission projects are therefore influenced significantly by the role of National Grid as System Operator and the obligation to ensure that any solution is economic and efficient. 1.1.5 The existing SHE Transmission grid system network is divided by main system boundaries. Each boundary divides the network into two separate sections which are regularly tested to ensure that the required transfer capability exists across the boundary. The objective of the proposed reinforcements between Beauly, Blackhillock and Kintore is to increase the transfer capacity across the B1 boundary, which divides the network at Blackhillock substation.

1.2 Project Scope 1.2.1 The options that were identified for the Projects included consideration of available technology, and covered all possible geographic locations in the vicinity of the B1 boundary. The options considered were as follows:

• Upgrade of existing infrastructure between Beauly, Blackhillock and Kintore to 400 kV capacity; • Construction of a marine cable link for part of the route between Beauly and Blackhillock, as well as new/upgraded OHL to Blackhillock and Kintore;

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report 1

• Construction of a new onshore AC underground cable between the connection points; • Construction of a new onshore HVDC underground cable between the connection points; • Construction of new double-circuit 400 kV OHL, in combination with upgrades to existing infrastructure; or • Construction of new double-circuit 400 kV OHL for the entire length of the connection. 1.2.2 The options were appraised in terms of technical, environmental and cost factors. 1.2.3 Technical considerations were made in the first instance, to review the technical feasibility of potential options, and assess whether they are achievable. 1.2.4 Environmental considerations reviewed the most sensitive environmental features within the study area . Potential effects on nature conservation designations as well as effects on people and communities were identified. 1.2.5 Finally, cost considerations were made in order to address the financial impact of each option. A key requirement for SHE Transmission, as the relevant license holder, is to provide an economically efficient connection, which is reviewed by Ofgem2. Regard has to be had to not only the total cost of construction/installation, but also the lifetime operation and maintenance costs. 1.2.6 The options appraisal concluded that the following option was appropriate to progress to the next stage of analysis:

• Construction of new double-circuit 400 kV OHL for the full length of the connection. 1.2.7 Therefore, as a result of the options appraisal, it has been determined that the Projects will comprise a new 400 kV OHL connection. It is anticipated that this would be mounted on steel lattice towers of a typical height of 50 m and an anticipated average span length of 250-300 m.

1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 The objectives of the route corridor selection study have been defined as follows:

• Based on the Projects' scope, to identify potentially viable route corridors between the defined connection points that are 'technically feasible and economically viable' and 'which cause the least disturbance to the environment and to the people who live, work, visit and recreate within it'3, and to spatially define this corridor or corridors; • To identify a preferred corridor, based on consideration of relative environmental and technical sensitivities; • To undertake consultation on the preferred route corridor, and identify a proposed route corridor to be taken forward to detailed route selection; and • To identify key environmental issues associated with the proposed route corridor, which will inform the scope of environmental surveys to be completed to inform route selection within the proposed route corridor.

1.4 Structure of the Report 1.4.1 The remaining chapters of this report are structured as follows:

2 Ofgem (Office of Gas and Electricity Markets) is the regulatory body responsible for assessing the suitability of large transmission projects. Ofgem’s main purpose is to get the best value for the customer and transmission licence holders must submit a comprehensive needs case to Ofgem alongside details of the transmission project. Ofgem assesses multiple factors (incl. timescale and cost) in order to make a decision to grant funding. Further information available at https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/about-us/who-we-are 3 Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Limited (October 2004) Electricity Transmission Development Proposals in Scotland: A Guidance Document Outlining The SHETL Approach To The Routeing Of High Voltage Steel Lattice Tower Transmission Lines, Leading To An Application For Consent In Scotland

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• Chapter 2 describes the methodology used to complete the Route Corridor Selection Study. • Chapter 3 describes the environmental baseline conditions within the study area. • Chapter 4 presents the potential route corridors identified. • Chapter 5 describes the analysis of the potential route corridors and identifies the preferred corridor. • Chapter 6 describes the stakeholder and community consultation undertaken; and • Chapter 7 confirms the proposed corridor and identifies the key issues to be considered in the detailed selection of route options within the proposed corridor.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report 3

2. METHODOLOGY

2.1 Overview 2.1.1 The methodology adopted has sought to develop the corridor analysis in a robust and systematic manner, resulting in the selection of a proposed route corridor which is technically feasible and economically viable and which causes the least disturbance to the environment; and those living in it, working in it, visiting it or using it for recreational purposes. 2.1.2 The approach adopted in developing and assessing route corridor options is consistent with relevant SHE Transmission guidance4 and relevant National Grid guidance4. This guidance recommends that the identification and comparison of route options (including route corridor options) should adopt the following overarching principles:

• preference for an option which could involve using or adapting existing infrastructure, rather than building new infrastructure; • preference for a shorter option over a longer one; • preference for a financially less expensive option over more expensive options to comply with licence obligations; • preference for options which avoid or mitigate environmental and socio-economic impacts. 2.1.3 The guidance recommends appropriate application of the "Holford Rules" to inform routeing5. The Holford Rules were first developed in 1959 by Sir William Holford and continue to inform transmission line routeing in the UK6. These rules advocate the application of a hierarchical approach to routeing which first avoids major areas of highest amenity, then smaller areas of high amenity, and finally considers factors such as backdrop, woodland and orientation. 2.1.4 In this case, the Holford Rules have been applied to the identification and evaluation of route corridors, within which an OHL route will subsequently be defined. It should be noted that the Holford Rules apply the term 'amenity' to refer to environmental designations and classifications such as Natura 2000 sites, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, National Parks. 2.1.5 The guidance also recognises that the key effect of OHLs is visual and it advises that the routeing of OHLs should consider the types of mitigation or screening that could offset any visual effects. 2.1.6 The Holford Rules are reproduced in Box 1 below.

4 National Grid (2012) Our approach to the design and routeing of new electricity transmission lines; and National Grid (2012) Our approach to Options Appraisal 5 Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Ltd (SHETL) (2004): Electricity Transmission Development Proposals in Scotland: Appendix 1: The Holford Rules: Guidelines for the Routeing of New High Voltage Overhead Transmission Lines with NGC 1992 and SHETL 2003 Notes 6 The Holford Rules were reviewed circa 1992 by the National Grid Company (NGC) Plc (now National Grid Transmission (NGT)) as owner and operator of the electricity transmission network in England and Wales, with notes of clarification added to update the Rules. A subsequent review of the Holford Rules (and NGC clarification notes) was undertaken by Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Limited (SHETL) in 2003 to reflect Scottish circumstances.

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Box 1: The Holford Rules Rule 1: Avoid altogether, if possible, the major areas of highest amenity value, by so planning the general route of the line in the first place, even if the total mileage is somewhat increased in consequence; Rule 2: Avoid smaller areas of high amenity value or scientific interest, by deviation; provided that this can be done without using too many angle towers (i.e. the more massive structures which are used when line change direction); Rule 3: Other things being equal, choose the most direct line, with no sharp changes of direction and thus fewer angle towers; Rule 4: Choose tree and hill backgrounds in preference to sky background wherever possible and when the line has to cross a ridge, secure this opaque background as long as possible and cross obliquely when a dip in the ridge provides an opportunity. Where it does not, cross directly, preferably between belts of trees. Rule 5: Prefer moderately open valleys with woods, where the apparent height of the towers will be reduced and the views of the line will be broken by trees. Rule 6: In country which is flat and sparsely planted, keep the higher voltage lines as far as possible independent of smaller lines, converging routes, distribution lines and other masts, wires and cables so as to avoid a concatenation or ‘wirescape’. Rule 7: Approach urban areas through industrial zones where they exist and where pleasant residential and recreational land intervenes between the approach line and substation, go carefully into the costs of undergrounding, for lines other than those of the highest voltage.

2.1.7 The study has comprised a four-stage approach, as detailed below:

• Stage 1:Route Corridor Identification; • Stage 2: Route Corridor Analysis • Stage 3: Consultation and Refinement of Preferred Route Corridor • Stage 4: Confirmation of Proposed Route Corridor 2.1.8 The methodology employed within each of these stages is detailed below,

2.2 Stage 1: Route Corridor Identification

Study Area 2.2.1 A study area was designed to incorporate the maximum area under consideration for the new OHL connection. This covered geographic locations which allowed a connection to the three identified substations. The study area is shown on Figure 2.1. The boundaries of the study area are defined as follows:

• The northern boundary is formed by the Moray Firth coastline, from Beauly as far east as Port gordon, to the north of Blackhillock substation, as well as an area to the east of Huntly; • The eastern boundary is located approximately 10 km east of a direct line between Blackhillock and Kintore substations, in order to allow full consideration of this area; • The southern boundary is formed by the boundary of the Cairngorms National Park, as well as the location of site options for a new substation at Tomatin. • The western boundary is formed by the existing Beauly substation and Loch Ness, as well as the area along the western side of Loch Ness.

Identification of Environmental Baseline Conditions 2.2.2 For the purposes of describing the environmental features, the study area has been divided into five sections, as shown on Figure 2.1 (Annex A). These are:

• Section 1: Inverness south;

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report 5

• Section 2: Nairn-Forres south; • Section 3: Elgin south; • Section 4: Huntly south west; and • Section 5: Kintore north. 2.2.3 Current baseline conditions, as well as known potential future conditions, within the study area have been identified and described in relation to the following features:

• Ecology; • Landscape and visual amenity; • Archaeology and cultural heritage; • Recreation and tourism; • Hydrology, hydrogeology and geology; • Residential settlements and land use, including known future residential settlements; and • Other infrastructure (incl. transmission lines, airports, RAF bases, wind farms (planned and consented), roads, railways). 2.2.4 The current baseline conditions are described in full within Annex B of this report and are summarised in Chapter 3. 2.2.5 Digital data sets describing the nature and extent of each of the environmental features described were obtained from published sources and from SHE Transmission records7, and were transferred to a Project Geographic Information System (GIS) for subsequent analysis, and have been verified during field reconnaissance.

Identification of Sensitivities 2.2.6 As a basis for identifying potential route corridors, a specific sensitivity weighting (high, medium or low sensitivity) was defined on an aspect-by-aspect basis, for each environmental feature identified. This was undertaken with reference to the Holford Rules and by using relevant guidance and professional judgement. 2.2.7 Details of the sensitivity that was defined for each environmental feature are provided in Annex B. 2.2.8 Table 2.1 demonstrates how the sensitivity of features to the type of development proposed has been established, and outlines how the route corridor identification exercise has responded to these sensitivities. 2.2.9 Holford Rules 1 and 2 are of most relevance to the route corridor identification stage. It should be noted that Holford Rule 2 has been interpreted to mean not just geographically smaller areas, but also lower status designations, such as sites designated at a local level or important sites not subject to statutory protection. 2.2.10 It should also be noted that the definition of features as being of high, medium and low sensitivity does not necessarily denote that the proposed development would have a significant adverse effect on this feature. The determination of potential effects would be undertaken as part of a detailed environmental impact assessment of a proposed OHL alignment, and any associated development, carried out as part of a future application for consent under section 37 of the Electricity Act 1989.

7 Data for existing and proposed transmission lines and substations was provided by SHE Transmission

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Table 2.1: Sensitivity Analysis and Route Corridor Identification Response Sensitivity Justification Route Corridor Identification Response High Holford Rule 1 features (international and Avoid wherever possible and prioritise national designations) or features for mitigation considered particularly sensitive to transmission infrastructure Medium Holford Rule 1 features considered less Proceed with caution sensitive to transmission infrastructure; Holford Rule 2 features (regional and local designations) Low Holford Rule 2 features considered not to Some constraints of lesser sensitivity - be sensitive to transmission infrastructure no issue for route corridor identification

2.2.11 In landscape and visual terms, the sensitivity of landscape character types, designations and classifications and visual receptors were considered at this initial stage: i. Landscape Designations: The sensitivity of landscape designations to the type of development proposed, in accordance with Landscape Institute and IEMA (2013), sections 5.46 and 5.47, and SNH (2004). Where available, citations that identify the particular rationale or special qualities for which the designation was made have been referenced (e.g. Horner and Maclennan (2010) Assessment of Highland Special Landscape Areas). Where no clear citation or rationale is available, an assessment of the sensitivity of constituent landscape character types has been undertaken (as described under point ii). This approach is consistent with guidance contained in Scottish Planning Policy (2013), paragraphs 142-146 (local landscape designations). ii. Landscape Character Types: The sensitivity of the constituent landscape character types to the type of development proposed, defined as high, medium or low, according to criteria provided in Landscape Institute and IEMA (2013)8 and the following parameters: − the value attributed to landscapes based on clear evidence such as literary reference or formal landscape designation and/or classification; − landscape quality and condition; − existing land-use; − the pattern and scale of the landscape; − visual enclosure/openness of views and nature and distribution of visual receptors; − the scope for mitigation that would be in character with the existing landscape; and − the degree to which the particular element or characteristic contribution to the landscape character and can be replaced or substituted. 2.2.12 In accordance with the sensitivity of individual environmental features, a “heat map” was generated using GIS, which assigned colours (red, amber, green) to features of high, medium and low sensitivity, respectively. 2.2.13 The purpose of the heat mapping was to provide a graphic indication of overall receptor sensitivity across the study area; it was not intended to ascribe absolute values to any particular area (i.e. the red areas are not considered absolute ‘no go’ areas and the green areas are not considered to be absolutely constraint free).

8 Landscape Institute and IEMA (2013) Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment, 3rd edition

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Identification of Opportunities for Rationalisation of Existing Infrastructure, and for Efficiencies with Other Proposed Projects 2.2.14 Potential opportunities for rationalisation and using existing infrastructure and for efficiencies with other proposed new infrastructure were identified and considered during a workshop with the SHE Transmission Project management team, held on 23rd October 2014. The purpose of the workshop was to identify technically feasible areas for transmission line routeing which would exclude, to the greatest extent possible, any areas of high sensitivity as depicted by the heat map, for further appraisal and iteration. These rationalisation and efficiency opportunities comprise the technical and economic factors that were considered pertinent to the route corridor selection study. 2.2.15 The following opportunities either for rationalisation of existing transmission infrastructure, or for creating efficiencies by combining the Projects with other projects, were identified by SHE Transmission:

• the adoption of a northern route for the Projects would allow the existing 132 kV OHL between Beauly, Nairn and Elgin to be dismantled; however, new substations would be required, to allow connections to the existing Nairn and Elgin substations; • a new substation (as part of a separate project) is proposed near Aberlour, which would have sufficient capacity to allow these Projects to connect to it. • a new substation (as part of a separate project) is proposed near Tomatin, which would have sufficient capacity to allow these Projects to connect to it. • a new OHL connection (as part of a separate project) is proposed between Knocknagael and the new substation near Tomatin, which these Projects could incorporate and supersede. • a new OHL connection (as part of a separate project) is proposed between the new substation near Aberlour and Blackhillock, which these Projects could incorporate and supersede. • if the Projects were to connect to a new substation near Aberlour, Glenfarclas or elsewhere in this location, this would allow the existing Boat of Garten - Glenfarclas 132 kV OHL to be dismantled. 2.2.16 These rationalisation and efficiency opportunities are displayed visually within Annex C.

Technical Considerations 2.2.17 In addition to identifying the potential rationalisation/efficiency opportunities, the following key technical considerations were identified by SHE Transmission and used to guide the identification of initial route corridors that would be suitable for transmission line routeing:

• New transmission infrastructure should seek to remain below 400 m AOD, as much as possible. This is based on guidance contained in BS EN 50341: Overhead electrical lines exceeding AC 45 kV. The guidance notes that, as altitude increases, the effects of wind and ice on tower and conductor loadings increase, which results in the requirement for shorter spans and/or more tension towers. More onerous wind and ice loadings are likely to be experienced at altitudes exceeding 400 m AOD, and increased costs are likely (associated with the difficulties for construction and access). However, it is acknowledged that higher altitudes can be accommodated, where necessary. • The Projects should avoid crossing existing high voltage transmission lines (i.e. 132 kV voltage and above). Higher towers would be needed to maintain electrical clearances between the existing and new circuits. There is the potential for operational restrictions to result if work is carried out on the higher of the lines as the lower lines have to be switched out of service. This could reduce security of supply. Alternative crossing arrangements are available, but these

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would increase costs and complexity and could introduce visual and other impacts while only partly reducing operational restrictions. • A minimum stand-off distance from existing transmission lines of 70 m should be observed to allow for future construction and maintenance activities. This distance may be reduced or increased as more detailed routeing exercises are carried out.

Site Reconnaissance 2.2.18 Site reconnaissance was undertaken from 4th to 6th November 2014 in order to gain a greater understanding of the environmental sensitivities and constraints. In particular, potential visual amenity issues around settlements (including Forres, Keith, Inverurie and Kintore) and habitat sensitivity connected with designated habitats and species were investigated. In terms of visual amenity, the following sensitivity criteria were applied:

• Sensitivity of visual receptors, as outlined in Landscape Institute and IEMA (2013) sections 6.31 to 6.34. Visual receptor sensitivity was based on an interpretation of a combination of parameters, and also relates to the susceptibility and value ascribed to visual receptors or receptor locations. The following criteria were utilised in determining visual receptor sensitivity: − the land use or main activity at the viewpoint/receptor location and receptors expectations; − the frequency and duration of use of receptor location; and − the landscape character and quality of the intervening landscape. 2.2.19 The site reconnaissance served to refine the initial areas identified and to identify route corridor options, for further analysis and appraisal.

2.3 Stage 2: Route Corridor Analysis 2.3.1 The analysis of route corridors was undertaken by means of a series of meetings and discussions as follows.

• A meeting with the SHE Transmission project management team was held on 9th December 2014 in order to analyse the route corridor options and confirm the main environmental and technical constraints relevant to each. The workshop also served to provide an early indication of preferences, based on environmental, technical and cost factors (technical and cost factors relating to the rationalisation and efficiency opportunities, as described above). • Following this, an initial consultation meeting was held on 12th February 2015 with members of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum (see section 2.4 below). During this meeting, participants identified additional environmental sensitivities for consideration. • In response to the outcome of the initial Statutory Stakeholder Forum meeting further analysis of the route corridor options was undertaken and additional route corridor options were identified in discussion with the SHE Transmission project management team. • A second consultation meeting was held with members of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum (see section 2.4 below) on 28th April 2015 to consider the revisions to the baseline analysis and route corridor options. • Subsequently, a comparative assessment of the route corridor options was completed. This was undertaken in three steps: − Step 1: High level comparison of route corridor options, to identify key issues and preferences;

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− Step 2: Detailed comparison of route corridor options, to identify any potential variations or linkages between the route corridors and to identify the preferred route corridor; and − Step 3: Analysis of the preferred route corridor for consultation and identification of key issues to be addressed in detailed routeing. 2.3.2 The Step 2 analysis described above is presented in Table 5.1 of this report, considering each section of the study area in turn. This analysis ensures that all of the high and medium sensitivity environmental factors are clearly documented. The analysis also provides a summary of the preferences identified for each section of the study area and it concludes with a description of the overall preferred route corridor that is identified.

2.4 Stage 3: Consultation and Refinement of Preferred Route Corridor

Statutory Stakeholder Forum 2.4.1 A Statutory Stakeholder Forum was convened by the Scottish Government’s Local Energy and Consents in order to provide a means of facilitating coordinated consultation with key statutory consultees on planning, environmental, cultural and natural heritage issues during the evolution of the Projects through to consent stage and, if consent is awarded, beyond. At this stage, the Forum’s key function is to provide feedback on the development and assessment of route corridor options and to ensure consistent evaluation of project information. The current membership of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum is detailed in Annex G, which also contains minutes of the two meetings convened to date (see below). 2.4.2 The first meeting of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum was held on 12th February 20159. Details of the feedback gained during the meeting on 12th February 2015, along with a summary of how this feedback has been addressed within the route corridor selection study, are provided in Chapter 6. 2.4.3 In response to requests made at the 12th February meeting, an information pack was provided to all statutory consultees on 10th April 2015 providing detail of the methodology and initial findings of the route corridor selection study. The information pack also contained details of how the route corridor options were amended in response to feedback received from the Statutory Stakeholder Forum. The information pack is contained in Annex H. 2.4.4 A second meeting of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum took place on 28th April 2015. The purpose of the second meeting was to allow provision of feedback on the information provided within the information pack and to enable statutory consultees to undertake a review of the route corridor options identified. The preferred route corridor was defined with the Statutory Stakeholder Forum at this meeting. 2.4.5 In addition, a specific meeting was held with representatives from Aberdeenshire Council, on 17th April 2015. The purpose of the meeting was to provide further background information to the Projects and to the route corridor selection process. In particular, the methodology for the landscape sensitivity analysis was discussed and agreed.

Community Consultation 2.4.6 Whilst the analysis of route corridor options undertaken up to this point is based upon all available technical and environmental constraints and consultation with statutory bodies, consultation with

9 It is acknowledged that previous meetings took place between SHE Transmission and selected statutory consultees to introduce the Projects. These meetings provided details of the Projects’ Needs Case and an overview of the objectives of the Projects. These meetings took place to commencement of the route corridor selection study and feedback from these meetings is described within the Inception Report (ref. ENVIRON UK Ltd (January 2015) East of Beauly Reinforcement: Inception Report to Route Corridor Selection Study)

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a broader range of stakeholders can raise further constraints which were hitherto unidentified, but which are important in the local context of the study area. 2.4.7 A first period of community consultation on the Projects was undertaken following identification of a preferred route corridor, for the purpose of gaining feedback from all interested parties on any issues associated with the preferred route corridor. The section-by-section approach taken to route corridor identification and appraisal has facilitated engagement with the local community on the route corridor options that are of particular relevance to them, while providing an understanding of the entire extent of the Projects. 2.4.8 A Consultation Document was prepared and published at the outset of the community consultation period. The Consultation Document describes the route identification and appraisal process and sought feedback regarding the preferred route corridor identified. 2.4.9 A series of community consultation events were held during October and November 2015, in order to provide information on the preferred route corridor identified and engage with statutory and non-statutory organisations and local communities. A range of display materials were used, and consultation events were held in 18 locations throughout the study area, including five mobile events. 2.4.10 Full details of the community consultation period are described separately within the Report on Consultation, produced following completion of the community consultation period10.

Refinement of Preferred Route Corridor following Consultation 2.4.11 Feedback received during the October 2015 - January 2016 period of consultation suggested that there may be potential opportunities for aligning an OHL in an area outside of the initial preferred route corridor, in the vicinity of Kintore and Monymusk. Therefore, additional analysis was undertaken in order to confirm the sensitivities located within this part of the study area. The additional analysis involved:

• a review of the criteria used to exclude this area from the initial preferred route corridor; • a review of the land form, topography and landscape character within this area, using online aerial photography; and • analysis of how the boundary of the preferred route corridor could be amended in this part of the study area. 2.4.12 The preferred route corridor was subsequently amended to include an additional area towards Monymusk, to allow further flexibility in the consideration of potential route alignment options. 2.4.13 It is acknowledged that other suggestions for changes to the boundaries of the preferred route corridor were made during the consultation; however, it was determined that, for all other areas, the issues raised relate to OHL routeing rather than refinement of the preferred route corridor.

Further Community Consultation 2.4.14 Following the amendment of the preferred route corridor described above, a second period of consultation was undertaken from March-May 2016. The purpose of this further consultation was to inform local communities, particularly those in the area of the amended corridor, of the amended preferred route corridor and to gain feedback on the rationale for and approach to the selection of the preferred route corridor as amended.

10 SHE Transmission (August 2016) Beauly-Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock-Kintore Reinforcement: Report on Consultation

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2.5 Stage 4: Confirmation of Proposed Route Corridor 2.5.1 Following completion of Stages 2 and 3, as described above, the proposed route corridor will be confirmed. 2.5.2 The proposed route corridor will be taken forward for further analysis to identify and compare potential route alignments between the identified connection points.

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3. ENVIRONMENAL BASELINE CONDITIONS

3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 A description of the environmental features within the study area is provided in Annex B, including details of each designated/classified site and relevant protected species. 3.1.2 This chapter provides detail of the environmental features that are considered to be of relevance to the route corridor selection study. Relevant features are listed for each section of the study area (see paragraph 2.2.2), according to their sensitivity (see Table 2.1). It should be noted that the features referred to in this chapter are not exhaustive; however, all of the features described in Annex B (and their sensitivity) are shown on the relevant heat map figures referred to below. 3.1.3 The sensitivity analysis of constituent landscape character types within the study area is contained in Annex D, and the analysis of local landscape designations within the study area is contained in Annex E.

3.2 Section 1: Inverness South 3.2.1 The environmental sensitivities within Section 1 are listed in Table 3.1, and are illustrated on Figure 3.1a. The combined heat map of these environmental features is shown on Figure 3.1b. Note that the combined heat mapping adopts the highest level of sensitivity identified for each area. Table 3.1: Environmental Features in Section 1 by Sensitivity Feature type Detail High Sensitivity Features (Red) Special Area of Conservation Slochd, Moniack Gorge, Moray Firth, Loch Ruthven, Carn nan Tri-tighearnan, Cawdor Wood Special Protection Area Inner Moray Firth, Loch Ashie, Loch Flemington, Loch Ruthven RAMSAR Site Inner Moray Firth, Loch Ruthven Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Beauly Firth, Loch Ashie, Loch Battan, Loch Ruthven, (biological) Moniack Gorge, Carn nan Tri-tighearnan, Cawdor Wood, Longman And Castle Stuart Bays Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) (mixed) Creag Nan Clag, Kildrummie Kames, Whiteness Head Scheduled Monuments 127 features within Section 1 Listed Buildings (Category A) (incl. 200 m 41 features within Section 1 buffer) Conservation Areas Ardersier, Cawdor, Culloden: Battlefield, Culloden: House Policies, Inverness (Riverside), Inverness: Clachnaharry, Inverness (Crown) High sensitivity landscape character areas (as 14 areas defined within Section 1: Kiltarlity, Loch Ness, defined based on Landscape Character Strath Dores, Inverness, Strathnairn, Coastal landscape Assessments) north of Balloch, Strathdearn and Dava Moor from Bridge to Dalroy and Drynachan. Local landscape designation (Highland) (see Loch Ness And Duntelchaig Special Landscape Area Annex E) (SLA), Sutors of Cromarty, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA, Drynachan, and Dava Moors SLA

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Table 3.1: Environmental Features in Section 1 by Sensitivity Gardens and Designed Landscapes Dalcross Castle, Cawdor Castle, Culloden House, Tomnahurich Cemetery, Beaufort Castle, Leys Castle, Dochfour, Aldourie Castle. Battlefields Culloden National Cycle Network Routes NCR 1; NCR 7 Scotland’s Great Trails long-distance walking Two routes within Section 1 routes Areas of highest population density These are mostly concentrated towards the northern part of Section 1 Existing transmission infrastructure Beauly-Knocknagael-Blackhillock 275kV OHL Medium Sensitivity Features (Amber) Ancient Woodland Inventory 406 features within Section 1 Important Bird Area Loch Ruthven And Nearby Lochs, Moray Basin, Firths And Bays Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Littlemill Fluvio-Glacial Landforms, Torvean Landforms. (geological) Allt a' Choire, Allt na Feithe Sheilich, Ardersier Glacial Deposits, Dalroy and Clava Landforms, Findhorn Terraces Medium sensitivity landscape character areas 8 areas defined within Section 1 Airport (incl.4 km radius around runway) Inverness Listed Buildings (Categories B and C) 649 features within Section 1 Core Paths 245 km length Low Sensitivity Features (Green) Geological Conservation Review sites Findhorn Terraces, Dalcharn, Allt Odhar, Dores, Upper River Nairn and Allt Mor, Whiteness Head, Ardersier, Allt a' Choire, Kildrummie Kames, Littlemill Fluvioglacial Landforms, The Slochd, Littlemill Fluvioglacial Landforms, Allt na Feithe Sheilich, Dun Chia Hill (Loch Duntelchaig), Torvean

3.3 Section 2: Nairn and Forres South 3.3.1 The environmental sensitivities within Section 2 are listed in Table 3.2, and are illustrated on Figure 3.2a. The combined heat map of these environmental features is shown on Figure 3.2b. Note that the combined heat mapping adopts the highest level of sensitivity identified for each area. Table 3.2: Environmental Features in Section 2 by Sensitivity Feature type Detail High Sensitivity Features (Red) Special Area of Conservation , Moidach More, Moray Firth, Lower Findhorn Woods, Culbin Bar, Cawdor Wood Special Protection Area Inner Moray Firth, Moray And Nairn Coast, Darnaway And Lethen Forest RAMSAR Site Inner Moray Firth, Moray And Nairn Coast

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Table 3.2: Environmental Features in Section 2 by Sensitivity Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Carn Nan Tri-Tighearnan, Cawdor Wood, Lower (biological) Findhorn Woods, Lethenhill, Moidach More, River Spey Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) (mixed) Culbin Sands, Culbin Forest And Findhorn Bay, Kildrummie Kames, Whiteness Head Scheduled Monuments 51 within Section 2 Listed Buildings (Category A) (incl. 200 m 59 within Section 2 buffer) Conservation Areas Cawdor, Nairn Fishertown, Forres, Findhorn, Whitemire, Burghead High sensitivity landscape character areas (as 10 areas defined within Section 2: Nairn coastline, defined based on Landscape Character Findhorn Bay, valley and Dava Moor Assessments) between and Lochindorb and east towards Knockando. Local landscape designation (Highland) (see Sutors Of Cromarty, Rosemarkie And Fort George SLA, Annex E) Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA Gardens and Designed Landscapes Relugas, Brodie Castle, Darnaway Castle, Cawdor Castle, Grant Park and Cluny Hill Battlefields Auldearn National Cycle Network Routes NCR 1 Areas of highest population density These are mostly concentrated towards the northern part of Section 2 Existing transmission infrastructure Beauly-Knocknagael-Blackhillock 275kV OHL Medium Sensitivity Features (Amber) Ancient Woodland Inventory 341 features within Section 2 Important Bird Area Darnaway And Lethen Forest; Moray Basin, Firths And Bays Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Boghole and Muckle Burn, Masonshaugh, Muckle Burn (geological) and Clunas, Randolph's Leap Medium sensitivity landscape character areas 5 areas defined within Section 2 Local landscape designation (Moray) (see River Findhorn Area of Great Landscape Value (AGLV), Annex E) Culbin Bar AGLV, Pluscarden AGLV, Burghead Findhorn Coast AGLV Listed Buildings (Categories B and C) 519 features within Section 2 Core Paths 159 km length within Section 2 Low Sensitivity Features (Green) Geological Conservation Review sites Randolphs Leap, Boghole and Muckle Burn, Muckle Burn and Clunas, Whiteness Head, Culbin (Saltmarsh Morphology), Kildrummie Kames, Masonshaugh Quarries & Burghead

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3.4 Section 3: Elgin South 3.4.1 The environmental sensitivities within Section 3 are listed in Table 3.3, and are illustrated on Figure 3.3a. The combined heat map of these environmental features is shown on Figure 3.3b. Note that the combined heat mapping adopts the highest level of sensitivity identified for each area.

Table 3.3: Environmental Features in Section 3 by Sensitivity Feature type Detail High Sensitivity Features (Red) Special Area of Conservation River Spey, Moidach More, Moray Firth, Lower Findhorn Woods, Culbin Bar, Cawdor Wood Special Protection Area Inner Moray Firth, Moray And Nairn Coast, Darnaway And Lethen Forest RAMSAR Site Inner Moray Firth, Moray And Nairn Coast Special Area of Conservation River Spey, Lower River Spey - Spey Bay Special Protection Area Loch Spynie, Moray And Nairn Coast RAMSAR Site Loch Spynie, Moray And Nairn Coast Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Buinach And Glenlatterach, Burn Of Ballintomb, (biological) Coleburn Pasture, Gull Nest, Kellas Oakwood, Loch Oire, Loch Spynie, Lower Strathavon Woodlands, Quarry Wood, River Spey Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) (mixed) Lower River Spey, Spey Bay Scheduled Monuments 42 features within Section 3 Listed Buildings (Category A) (incl. 200 m 97 features within Section 3 buffer) Conservation Areas Buckie Yardie, Elgin High Street, Elgin South, Keith Mid Street, Keith Fife Keith, Kingston, Garmouth, Archiestown, Fochabers High sensitivity landscape character areas (as 7 areas defined within Section 3: Lossiemouth, Elgin, defined based on Landscape Character Spey Valley, Spey Bay, Charlestown of Aberlour, Assessments) Knockando and Ben Rinnes. Gardens and Designed Landscapes Gordonstoun (Bog O' Plewlands), Innes House, Gordon Castle (Bog Of Gight), () National Cycle Network Routes NCR 1 Scotland’s Great Trails long-distance walking 6 routes within Section 3 routes Areas of highest population density These are mostly concentrated towards the northern part of Section 3 Existing transmission infrastructure Beauly-Knocknagael-Blackhillock 275kV OHL Medium Sensitivity Features (Amber) Ancient Woodland Inventory 436 features within Section 3 Important Bird Area Cromdale Hills, Loch Spynie, Loch Oire, Moray Basin, Firths And Bays

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Table 3.3: Environmental Features in Section 3 by Sensitivity Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Clashach - Covesea, Cutties Hillock, Dipple Brae, (geological) Findrassie, Lossiemouth East Quarry, Lossiemouth Shore, Masonshaugh, Scaat Craig, Spynie Quarry, Teindland Quarry, Tynet Burn Medium sensitivity landscape character areas 8 areas defined within Section 3 Local landscape designation (Moray) (see Hopeman Lossiemouth Coast AGLV, Hopeman Annex E) Cummingston Coast AGLV, Pluscarden AGLV, Speyside AGLV Landfills Nether Dallachy Landfill Site Airport (incl 4 km radius around runway) RAF Lossiemouth Listed Buildings (Categories B and C) 902 features within Section 3 Core Paths 362 km length within Section 3 Low Sensitivity Features (Green) Geological Conservation Review sites Cutties Hillock, Scaat Craig, Spynie, Findrassie, Clashach - Covesea, Lossiemouth East Quarry, Lossiemouth Shore And Quarries, Teindland Quarry, Tynet Burn Elgin, Masonshaugh Quarry, Lower River Spey, Spey Bay, Masonshaugh Quarries & Burghead, Clashach Quarry, Dipple Brae, Tynet Burn

3.5 Section 4: Huntly South West 3.5.1 The environmental sensitivities within Section 4 are listed in Table 3.4, and are illustrated on Figure 3.4a. The combined heat map of these environmental features is shown on Figure 3.4b. Note that the combined heat mapping adopts the highest level of sensitivity identified for each area. Table 3.4: Environmental Features in Section 4 by Sensitivity Feature type Detail High Sensitivity Features (Red) Special Area of Conservation River Spey, Mortlach Moss, Hill Of Towanreef Special Protection Area Tips Of Corsemaul And Tom Mor Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Bochel Wood, Corren Hills, Craigs Of Succoth, Den Of (biological) Pitlurg, Mill Wood, Mortlach Moss, Moss of Kirkhill, Whitehill, Tips Of Corsemaul And Tom Mor Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Hill Of Towanreef (mixed) Scheduled Monuments 56 features within Section 4 Listed Buildings (Category A) (incl. 200 m 18 features within Section 4 buffer) Conservation Areas Huntly High sensitivity landscape character areas (as 4 areas defined within Section 4: Kildrummy to Bridge of defined based on Landscape Character Alford, Glen Rinnes, Tap O’ Noth (upper slopes) and The Assessments) Buck. Gardens and Designed Landscapes Kildrummy Castle, Leith Hall Battlefield Alford, Glenlivet

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Table 3.4: Environmental Features in Section 4 by Sensitivity National Cycle Network Routes NCR 1 Scotland’s Great Trails long-distance walking 4 routes within Section 4 routes Areas of highest population density The most concentrated areas are Keith, Huntly, Charlestown of Aberlour. Existing transmission infrastructure Blackhillock – Kintore 275kV OHL, Blackhillock - Keith – Kintore 275kV OHL Medium Sensitivity Features (Amber) Ancient Woodland Inventory 287 features within Section 4 Important Bird Area Tips Of Corsemaul And Tom Mor, Correen Hills Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Bin Quarry, Rhynie Chert, Hill of Johnston (geological) Medium sensitivity landscape character areas 16 areas defined within Section 4 Local landscape designation (Moray) (see Speyside AGLV Annex E) Listed Buildings (Categories B and C) 242 features within Section 4 Core Paths 92 km length within Section 4 Low Sensitivity Features (Green) Geological Conservation Review sites Hill Of Creagdearg, Rhynie Chert [Palaeoentomology], Bin Quarry, Hill of Johnston, Craig Hall, Binhill Quarry, Hill Of Creagdearg, Rhynie, Black Water, Rhynie Chert [Arthropoda (Excluding Insects & Trilobites)], Auchindoun Castle, Rhynie Chert Locality

3.6 Section 5: Kintore North 3.6.1 The environmental sensitivities within Section 5 are listed in Table 3.5, and are illustrated on Figure 3.54a. The combined heat map of these environmental features is shown on Figure 3.5b. Note that the combined heat mapping adopts the highest level of sensitivity identified for each area. Table 3.5: Environmental Features in Section 5 by Sensitivity Feature type Detail High Sensitivity Features (Red) Special Area of Conservation River Dee Special Protection Area Loch of Skene RAMSAR site Loch of Skene Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Loch Of Skene, Paradise Wood, Tilliefoure Wood, Wartle (biological) Moss Scheduled Monuments 140 features within Section 5 Listed Buildings (Category A) (incl. 200 m 42 features within Section 5 buffer) Conservation Areas Oldmeldrum, Garlogie, Monymusk

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Table 3.5: Environmental Features in Section 5 by Sensitivity High sensitivity landscape character areas (as 4 areas defined within Section 5: Inverkeithny, defined based on Landscape Character Rothienorman, Howe of Alford and Bennachie. Assessments) Gardens and Designed Landscapes Castle Forbes, Fyvie Castle, Williamston House, Newton House (Aberdeenshire), Keith Hall, Balbithan House, Monymusk, Castle Fraser, Craigievar Castle, Dunecht House, Cluny Castle, Hatton Castle Areas of highest population density These are mostly concentrated in and around Inverurie, Kemnay and Kintore, but with many scattered dwellings. Battlefield Alford, Harlaw, Barra, Fyvie Existing transmission infrastructure Blackhillock – Kintore 275kV OHL, Blackhillock - Keith – Kintore 275kV OHL Medium Sensitivity Features (Amber) Ancient Woodland Inventory 636 features within Section 5 Important Bird Area Loch Of Skene Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Hill of Barra, Pitcaple And Legatsden Quarries, Pittodrie (geological) Medium sensitivity landscape character 13 areas defined within Section 5 areas Listed Buildings (Categories B and C) 549 within Section 5 Core Paths 176 km length within Section 5 Low Sensitivity Features (Green) Geological Conservation Review sites Pitscurry (Pitmedden) And Legatesden Quarries, Pittodrie, Hill Of Barra

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4. STAGE 1: ROUTE CORRIDOR IDENTIFICATION

4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 As described in Chapter 2, section 2.2, potential route corridors were identified through analysis of the environmental features and sensitivities within the study area, as well as consideration of potential opportunities for rationalisation of existing infrastructure and efficiencies in the construction of new infrastructure. 4.1.2 The potential route corridors are shown on Figure 4.1, which provides a visual overview of how the route corridor boundaries have responded to the various constraints. Figures 4.2-4.18 comprise larger scale maps showing the route corridor options and how these relate to the constraints identified and their relative sensitivity. 4.1.3 Figures 4.2-4.18 provide a larger scale version of the heat mapping for each section of the study area. These provide a clearer indication of the rationale for the location of the potential route corridors, and illustrate how the route corridor options have been selected in order to avoid the more concentrated areas of highest sensitivity. It can be seen that the following sections of the study area are excluded from the potential route corridors:

• Area to the south of Beauly and Inverness, which is constrained by Loch Ness and the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA, as well as the fact that this would not represent a shorter route for the proposed connection; • Areas of upland moorland on Dava Moor, which are also designated for nature conservation (Carn nan Tri-tighearnan SAC and SSSI) and for landscape (Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA); • Areas of highest population density (Inverness, Nairn, Forres, Elgin, Charlestown of Aberlour, Keith, Huntly, Inverurie, Kintore), which are most concentrated along the existing route of the A96 and where the proposed new A96 route is also likely to be located; • Smaller areas subject to specific designations or sensitivities (e.g. Culloden battlefield, Barra battlefield, Harlaw battlefield, Castle Forbes GDL, Monymusk GDL, Cluny Castle GDL, Castle Fraser GDL, Spey Valley landscape at Mulben); and • Areas to either side of the existing Beauly-Blackhillock and Blackhillock-Kintore high voltage transmission lines, where cumulative 'wirescape' impacts may be experienced and technical restrictions would apply. 4.1.4 For ease of comparison the potential route corridors indicated were divided into three distinct corridors: a northern corridor; a central corridor; and a southern corridor. 4.1.5 The three route corridor options are shown in overview on Figure 4.19, while Figures 4.20-4.36 show these three corridors at larger scale, against the background mapping. Figures 4.20-4.36 also contain reference points, which relate to notes that are contained in Annex F of this report - these provide justification for the specific location of each route corridor boundary.

4.2 Northern Route Corridor 4.2.1 The northern route corridor lies to the north of the existing 275 kV OHL between Beauly and Blackhillock. It curves around the south side of Inverness before turning north east, towards Culloden, passing south of Nairn and towards Forres. East of Forres, the corridor turns sharply to the south east towards Dallas. From Dallas, and the area around Fochabers, the corridor widens in response to the presence of fewer environmental constraints, before narrowing once again as it forms a loop around the north and east sides of Keith, and links to the existing Blackhillock substation .

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4.2.2 South of Blackhillock substation, the northern route corridor lies between the two existing 275 kV OHLs between Blackhillock and the proposed Rothienorman substation, and is located to the north and east of Huntly. South of Rothienorman, the northern route corridor lies to the east of the two 275 kV OHLs between Rothienorman and Kintore substations and an OHL within this corridor would make use of the proposed Rothienorman substation as a suitable location for crossing the eastern-most existing 275 kV OHL. The northern route corridor passes to the east and south of Inverurie, on the approach to Kintore substation.

4.3 Central Route Corridor 4.3.1 The central route corridor is located to the south of the existing 275 kV OHL, between Beauly and Blackhillock and to the south of both the 275 kV OHLs between Blackhillock and Kintore. It represents the most direct route between the three required connection points. There are a number of locations throughout the study area, where it could be linked with the southern corridor, for the purposes of identifying an overall preferred corridor. 4.3.2 In the western part of the central route corridor, it includes two options for crossing the A9, either at Daviot or near Moy. It then progresses eastwards to Ferness and to Blackhillock, where the corridor is relatively wide as there are fewer environmental constraints. From Blackhillock, the central route corridor adopts a relatively direct route, passing around the south side of Huntly and the south side of Kemnay to reach Kintore.

4.4 Southern Route Corridor 4.4.1 The southern route corridor lies to the south of both the existing 275 kV OHL between Beauly and Blackhillock and the two existing 275 kV OHLs between Blackhillock and Kintore. It incorporates a number of variations within sections 1, 2 and 3 of the study area, which could allow links between it and the central route corridor. 4.4.2 In the western part of the study area, the southern route corridor progresses southwards through Farr and Tomatin, before turning eastwards to cross Dava Moor. It partly comprises the same corridor as identified for the proposed new 275 kV connection between Knocknagael and Tomatin, which is currently being progressed as part of a separate project and which these Projects could supersede. After crossing Dava Moor, it progresses eastwards to Knockando and Charlestown of Aberlour, where it widens as there are fewer environmental constraints and allows for consideration of a wide area for the possible location of a new substation. 4.4.3 From Dufftown, the southern route corridor progresses both northwards to Blackhillock substation and south east to Kintore substation. There is the potential requirement for a new OHL connection between Blackhillock and a potential new substation in the Aberlour area, which is not yet being progressed but which these Projects could also supersede.

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5. STAGE 2: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ROUTE CORRIDORS

5.1 Introduction 5.1.1 As described in Chapter 2, the comparative analysis of the three route corridors, including possible variations, has been undertaken by means of the stepped process described below.

5.2 Step 1: Comparison of Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridors 5.2.1 As described in Chapter 2, section 2.3, Step 1 of the comparative analysis of the northern, central and southern corridors comprises a high level comparison of the corridors overall. This has identified the key issues associated within each corridor and provides an indication of which corridor would be most suitable for locating a new OHL.

Northern Route Corridor 5.2.2 The sub-sections below describe the characteristics of the northern corridor, in terms of landscape, ecological, cultural heritage, residential amenity, recreation and tourism-related sensitivities. An overall evaluation of the northern route corridor is also provided. Landscape features 5.2.3 For much of its length, the northern route corridor does not overlap with any areas of high landscape sensitivity, as defined in Annex D. Areas of high landscape sensitivity which do occur within the northern corridor are located within the River Spey valley and within the section of the River Deveron and Upper Ythan valley located in the vicinity of Rothienorman, where the topography steepens along the alignment of Black Burn and Fordoun Burn. 5.2.4 There is one GDL located within the northern route corridor, at Dalcross Castle, to the south of Nairn. This covers a large part of the corridor, which any OHL within the corridor would need to avoid. 5.2.5 Local landscape designations within the northern route corridor include:

• Pluscarden AGLV, located approximately 5 km south west of Elgin; and • Speyside AGLV, located along the Spey valley. Ecological features 5.2.6 There is one SAC located within the northern route corridor, which is the River Spey SAC, designated for the protection of sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, otter Lutra lutra and freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. The River Spey area is also designated as a SSSI for sea lamprey, Atlantic salmon, otter and freshwater pearl mussel. 5.2.7 There are a further two biological SSSIs located within the northern route corridor, Wartle Moss and Mill Wood, and one mixed SSSI, Kildrummie Kames. Wartle Moss is designated for basin fen, while Mill Wood is designated for upland birch woodland and Kildrummie Kames is designated for Juniper scrub, open water transition fen and Eutrophic Loch. However, the majority of all of these SSSIs is excluded from the corridor, and it is considered that the remainder could be spanned by a new OHL, thereby limiting the potential for impact. Cultural heritage features 5.2.8 There are a total of 38 scheduled monuments located within the northern route corridor. The larger of these are:

• Bogbain Wood hut circle and field system (Scheduled Monument 4698);

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• Little Kildrummie settlements and funerary remains (Scheduled Monument 6016); and • Ratch hill settlement, field system and enclosures (Schedule Monument 6448). 5.2.9 The northern corridor crosses Culloden battlefield, and a further three battlefields lie immediately adjacent to the corridor, at Auldearn, Harlaw and Barra. 5.2.10 There are a total of eight category A listed buildings which lie within the northern corridor, four of which are located at Auldearn (Brightmony House). The other category A listed buildings are Lovat Bridge, Rait Castle, Dalcross Castle and Bourtie Parish Church. There are further 105 category B and C listed buildings which lie within the northern route corridor. 5.2.11 There are no conservation areas within the northern route corridor; however, the Culloden battlefield conservation area lies immediately to the south. Residential Amenity 5.2.12 The northern route corridor includes a greater number of properties than other route corridors, and lies relatively close to the larger settlements of Inverness, Nairn, Forres Keith and Inverurie. The northern corridor also includes a relatively sharp corner in three locations; to the east of Forres, to the north of Keith and to the north of Kintore. These corners would require use of larger angle towers and would give rise to a greater potential for adverse visual impacts from these settlements. Recreation and Tourism 5.2.13 The northern route corridor is crossed twice by National Cycle Network (NCN) Route 1, at Culloden and to the south of Nairn. The Highland Tourist Route, which follows the B9006 and the B9090, lies within the northern corridor at Culloden Muir, at Croy and south of Nairn. 5.2.14 There are a total of 34 Highland Council Core Paths, 37 Moray Council Core Paths, and 12 Aberdeenshire Council Core Paths within the northern corridor. 5.2.15 The northern route corridor also lies within 4 km of Inverness airport. Evaluation of Northern Route Corridor 5.2.16 The key issues and potential impacts associated with the northern route corridor are:

• potential for adverse impacts on the setting of Dalcross Castle GDL; • potential for adverse impacts on the setting of category A listed buildings; • potential for direct impact on cultural heritage and unknown archaeology located at Culloden battlefield; • potential for adverse impact on residential amenity of dwellings located both within and immediately adjacent to the corridor boundaries, particularly at Forres, Keith and Kintore; and • potential for impact on recreation and tourism, including users of core paths, the Highland tourist route and NCN Route 1.

Central Route Corridor 5.2.17 The sub-sections below describe the characteristics of the central corridor, in terms of landscape, ecological, cultural heritage, residential amenity, recreation and tourism-related sensitivities. An overall evaluation of the central route corridor is also provided. Landscape features 5.2.18 The central route corridor crosses an area of high landscape sensitivity within the Strathnairn valley, and continues to cross areas of high landscape sensitivity as it extends eastwards towards

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Riereach Burn and Clunas Reservoir. The landscape character of this area is described as 'rolling uplands' and is characterised by high open moorlands. The central corridor lies within a further area of high landscape sensitivity where it crosses the Findhorn valley, and again where it crosses the Spey valley. 5.2.19 In terms of local landscape designations, the central route corridor lies immediately north of the Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA, where it crosses the rolling uplands landscape referred to above. Pluscarden AGLV also occurs within the central corridor, to the south east of Forres, and the corridor crosses Speyside AGLV, located along the Spey valley. In Aberdeenshire, the central route corridor crosses the high sensitivity landscape of Bennachie. Ecological features 5.2.20 The central route corridor crosses the River Spey SAC, to the north of Rothes, which is also designated as a biological SSSI in this location. There are no further SACs or SSSIs located within the central route corridor. Cultural Heritage features 5.2.21 There are a total of 35 scheduled monuments located within the central route corridor. The largest of these is Wardhouse settlements and field systems (Scheduled Monument 4533). 5.2.22 There are a total of 3 category A listed buildings which lie within the central route corridor, namely Glenferness House, Mill of Townie and Lickleyhead Castle. There are a further 93 category B and C listed buildings which lie within the central route corridor. Residential Amenity 5.2.23 The central route corridor includes fewer properties than the other route corridors, with the largest clusters of properties located at Easter Moniack, at Daviot, between Rothes and Keith, at Auchleven and at Kemnay. Recreation and Tourism 5.2.24 The central route corridor is crossed once by NCN Route 1, at Daviot. The Highland Tourist Route crosses the central route corridor where it runs along the A939, to the south of Ferness. 5.2.25 There are a total of 17 Highland Council Core Paths, 10 Moray Council Core Paths, and 13 Aberdeenshire Council Core Paths which occur within the central corridor. Evaluation of Central Route Corridor 5.2.26 The key issues and potential impacts associated with the central route corridor are:

• potential for adverse impacts on the setting of category A listed buildings and scheduled monuments; • potential for adverse impact areas of high landscape sensitivity, including Strathnairn, Findhorn and Spey valleys, the summits of Bennachie, and open moorland landscape around Riereach Burn; • potential for adverse impact on residential amenity of dwellings located within the corridor; and • potential for impact on recreation and tourism, including users of core paths, the Highland tourist route and NCN Route 1.

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Southern Route Corridor 5.2.27 The sub-sections, below, describe the characteristics of the southern corridor in terms of landscape, ecological, cultural heritage, residential amenity, recreation and tourism-related sensitivities. An overall evaluation of the southern route corridor is also provided. Landscape features 5.2.28 The following areas of high landscape sensitivity occur within the southern route corridor:

• the Strathnairn valley (at Farr); • the 'rolling uplands' landscape character type between Moy and Glen Kyllachy; • the 'upland' landscape character type between Balvraid, Aitnoch and Knockando; • the Spey valley between Knockando and Aberlour; • the 'uplands and glens' landscape character type to the north of Ben Rinnes and Meikle Conval; and • the 'agricultural heartlands' landscape character type around Alford. 5.2.29 In addition, the following local landscape designations lie within the southern route corridor:

• Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA; and • Speyside AGLV. Ecological features 5.2.30 The River Spey SAC is located within the southern route corridor, around Knockando and also to the east of Dufftown, and any OHL within the southern route corridor would need to cross the Spey SAC twice. The River Spey is also designated as a SSSI. Cultural heritage features 5.2.31 There are a total of 36 scheduled monuments located within the southern route corridor. The larger of these are:

• Soilsean deserted township and hut circle (Scheduled Monument 11806); and • Ruthven depopulated township (Scheduled Monument 11901). 5.2.32 There are a total of 7 category A listed buildings which lie within the southern corridor, as follows:

• Aultnaslanach viaduct at Moy; • Knockando wool mill; • Carron bridge, over the River Spey at Knockando; • Mill of Towie; • Druminnor castle; • Tillycairn castle; and • Linton House. 5.2.33 There are a further 131 category B and C listed buildings located within the southern route corridor. Residential Amenity 5.2.34 The southern route corridor includes fewer properties than the northern route corridor, and more than the central route corridor. The largest clusters of properties are located in the vicinity of Easter Moniack, Farr, Tomatin, Knockando, Aberlour, Rhynie, Alford and Sauchen.

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Recreation and Tourism 5.2.35 The southern route corridor is crossed three times by NCN Route 1, and contains approximately 10 km of this cycle route overall, where the cycle route runs roughly parallel to the A9 between Findhorn Bridge and Moy. 5.2.36 The Highland Tourist Route lies within the southern corridor where it follows the A944 south west of Kintore, and again where it follows the A939 near Dava. 5.2.37 There are a total of 18 Highland Council Core Paths, 28 Moray Council Core Paths, and 9 Aberdeenshire Council Core Paths which occur within the southern route corridor. Evaluation of Southern Route Corridor 5.2.38 The key issues and potential impacts associated with the southern route corridor are:

• potential for adverse impacts on areas of high landscape sensitivity, including the Strathnairn and Spey valleys, upland landscape around Moy, Glen Kyllachy, Dava Moor, Knockando and Ben Rinnes and agricultural landscape around Alford; • potential for adverse impacts on the high sensitivity Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA; • potential for adverse impacts on the setting of category A listed buildings and scheduled monuments; • potential for adverse impact on residential amenity of dwellings located within the corridor; and • potential for impact on recreation and tourism, including users of core paths, the Highland tourist route and NCN Route 1.

5.3 Step 2: Analysis of Route Corridors and Identification of Preferences

Introduction 5.3.1 The Step 1 analysis has demonstrated that the central route corridor performs best in terms of potential impacts on high sensitivity environmental features. The northern and southern route corridors each have the potential for significant adverse impacts on high sensitivity features, which makes these corridors less preferable. However, in order to confirm the precise location of the preferred route corridor, it is necessary to complete a more detailed analysis of the high sensitivity features in each section of the study area, including features lying both within and outside of the route corridors. A buffer distance of 10 km has been specified for the consideration of features outside of the route corridors, in accordance with guidance on perceptibility of towers, contained in Turnbull Jeffrey Partnership (1993) Effectiveness of Backcloth for Electricity Transmission Towers, version 1.0.

Route Corridor Analysis 5.3.2 Table 5.1 provides an analysis of each of the three route corridors, divided into each section of the study area. This includes consideration of the corridor variations in each section and allows for potential linkages between the corridors. The matrix identifies the high and medium sensitivity receptors within each route corridor and also within the surrounding 10 km of each corridor. It also identifies potential cumulative impacts associated with each route corridor, within each section, and the opportunity for mitigation (screening) that may be provided through landform and other natural features.

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Table 5.1: Analysis of Corridors by Study Area Section Summary of environmental sensitivities - Northern Route Corridor Summary of environmental sensitivities – Central Route Corridor Summary of environmental sensitivities – Southern Route Corridor Summary of Preference Section 1 High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor The central route corridor is preferred • Potential for impact on setting of Bogbain Wood (hut circle and • Potential for visual impact on dwellings within Easter Moniack; • Potential for visual impact on dwellings within Easter Moniack. within Section 1, on the basis that it contains the smallest number of high field system) scheduled monument; • Potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape area at Daviot and • Potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape area throughout most of and medium sensitivity features. An • Potential for direct impact (i.e. disturbance) to Culloden south of Assich Forest; this section, from Farr eastwards. OHL within the central route corridor battlefield and setting impacts on Culloden battlefield and • Potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape area between Farr • Potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape area at Moy and for would also have less potential to affect conservation area; and Craggie, should the southern variation be selected. impact on setting of Aultnaslanach viaduct (category A listed building) the visual amenity of receptors and the • Potential for impact on setting of Dalcross Castle GDL and • Potential visual impact from the Great Glen Way long distance should the northern variation be selected. setting of features within 10 km as, category A listed building; walking route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). • Potential for impact on setting of either Ruthven (depopulated township) overall, the high sensitivity features in • Potential for visual impact on dwellings within Easter Moniack, scheduled monument or Soilsean (deserted township and hut circle) the surrounding area are located at Inverness, Balloch and Culloden. scheduled monument, depending on whether the northern or southern further distance from the corridor • Potential visual impact from the Great Glen Way long distance corridor variation around Tomatin is selected. boundaries. walking route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). • Potential for impact on the qualifying features of Drynachan, Lochindorb The variation of the central route and Dava Moors SLA. corridor which crosses the A9 at Daviot • Potential visual impact from the Great Glen Way long distance walking is preferred over the variation via Farr, route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). due to its shorter length and lower landscape impact. Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor The southern route corridor is less • Potential for impact on Inverness airport and requirement for • There are sections of 14 core paths located within the central • There are sections of 13 core paths located within the southern corridor in preferred, due to its potential impacts additional mitigation. corridor in Section 1. Section 1. on high sensitivity landscape and local • There are sections of 25 core paths located within the northern landscape designations. corridor in Section 1. The northern corridor is considered High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area least preferred due to its potential impacts on cultural heritage features, • • • Moray Firth marine draft SPA is located immediately north of Moray Firth marine draft SPA is located approximately 1 km north of Carn nan Tri-tghearnan SAC, designated for its blanket bog, is located GDLs and residential receptors. the northern corridor in Beauly Firth. This is designated for the central corridor at its closest point, as is the Inner Moray Firth immediately west of the southern corridor. breeding great northern diver; red-throated diver and Slavonian SPA and Ramsar site. • The larger settlements of Beauly, Muir of Ord, Inverness and Balloch are grebe. • Carn nan Tri-tghearnan SAC, designated for its blanket bog, is located also located within 10 km of the central corridor, at some 500 m distance. • The Inner Moray Firth SPA and Ramsar site is also located immediately south of the central corridor. • There are 10 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the closest of immediately north of the corridor, and is designated for • The larger settlements of Beauly, Muir of Ord, Inverness and Balloch these are Beaufort Castle GDL, located 200 m to the south, and Dochfour breeding common tern and osprey as well as various migratory are also located within 10 km of the central corridor, at some 500 m GDL, located approximately 750 m to the south of the corridor. species. distance. • Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA extends to around 5 km on • The larger settlements of Beauly, Muir of Ord, Inverness and • There are 9 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the closest of either side of the corridor, while Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA is located Balloch are located within 10 km of the northern corridor, with these are Beaufort Castle GDL, located 200 m to the south, and approximately 1.3 km west of the corridor. Balloch located immediately north. The northern corridor also Dochfour GDL, located approximately 750 m to the south of the • There are 6 conservation areas (CAs) located within 10 km of the corridor, curves around the east, south and west sides of Inverness which corridor. the closest being Beauly village square CA and Inverness (Riverside) CA, may have the overall effect of ‘ring-fencing’ this settlement. • Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA is located immediately located at least 2 km from the corridor. There are also numerous category • There are 10 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the south of the central corridor, while Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA is A listed buildings, particularly around Kirkhill and Inverness, and numerous closest of these are Leys Castle GDL, located 200 m to the north located approximately 1.3 km west of the corridor. scheduled monuments. Culloden battlefield is located approximately 6 km of the corridor at Inverness, and Culloden House GDL, located • There are 6 conservation areas (CAs) located within 10 km of the north of the corridor. approximately 500 m north of the corridor. corridor, the closest being Beauly village square CA, Culloden CA, • The Highland Council SLAs within 10 km of the corridor are Culloden House CA and Inverness (Riverside) CA, located at least Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA, Loch Ness and 2 km from the corridor. There are also numerous category A listed Duntelchaig SLA and Sutors and Cromartie, Rosemarkie and Fort buildings, particularly around Kirkhill, Inverness and Cawdor, and George SLA, each located approximately 4 km from the numerous scheduled monuments. Culloden battlefield is located northern route corridor. approximately 1.7 km north of the corridor. • There are 10 conservation areas (CAs) located within 10 km of the corridor, the closest being Culloden CA, Culloden House CA, Inverness (Riverside) CA and Beauly village square CA, all located within 1 km of the corridor boundary. There are

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Table 5.1: Analysis of Corridors by Study Area Section numerous category A listed buildings, particularly around Kirkhill, Inverness and Cawdor, and numerous scheduled monuments. The larger area of Culloden battlefield is also located within the immediate surroundings of the corridor. Assessment against design principles and opportunity for Assessment against design principles and opportunity for mitigation Assessment against design principles and opportunity for mitigation mitigation • The topography within the central route corridor is undulating, • An OHL within the southern route corridor could be combined with the • Topography in Section 1 gently undulates, falling towards the providing some opportunity for mitigation. However, prominent separate proposed new Knocknagael-Tomatin OHL, which would provide Moray coast. Within the northern route corridor the areas of higher ground are present east of Daviot. for an overall reduction in new infrastructure in the area. This is topography is undulating, providing some opportunity for • The southern variation to this route corridor, which extends to Farr, consistent with Holford Rule 6. mitigation. would require a greater length of new infrastructure, as well as an • The southern corridor is located within an open valley as far as Tomatin. • Daviot Wood and Culloden Forest would have the opportunity acute change of direction and use of angle tower(s). This is This is consistent with Holford Rule 5. However, further east it crosses high to provide screening for a new OHL. inconsistent with Holford Rule 3. ground with little screening potential. • The northern route corridor includes numerous existing 11 kV • The northern variation at Daviot represents the most direct route connections, and a 33 kV OHL, which may lead to cumulative corridor across this section, consistent with Holford Rule 3. wirescape issues. • Woodland to the west and east of Daviot would have the potential to provide screening for a new OHL. Section 2 High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor The central route corridor is preferred • Potential for impact on setting of Rait Castle and Brightmony • Potential for impact on setting of Glenferness House (category A • Potential for impact on the qualifying features of Drynachan, Lochindorb within Section 2, on the basis that it House (category A listed buildings); listed building); and Dava Moors SLA; contains the smallest number of high and medium sensitivity features. • Potential for impact on setting of scheduled monuments • Potential for impact on area of high sensitivity landscape between • Potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape area throughout all of Although sensitivities do exist, it is located in the vicinity of Little Kildrummie; Dulsie Wood and River Divie. this section, which crosses Dava Moor. considered that the central route • Potential for visual impact on dwellings within Forres and on • Potential visual impact from the Dava Way long distance walking • Potential visual impact from the Dava Way long distance walking route corridor also offers the greatest users of the A96 and Inverness-Aberdeen railway line, where route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). opportunity for mitigation for an OHL the corridor turns an acute corner west of Forres and would located within it. require use of angle tower(s). This is inconsistent with Holford The northern route corridor has greatest Rule 3. potential for impact on high sensitivity Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor cultural heritage and residential • Potential for impact on integrity of Pluscarden AGLV, as the • Potential for impact on the integrity of Pluscarden AGLV, which lies • No medium sensitivity features are identified in Section 2. receptors, while the southern route northern route corridor dissects this designation. partially within the northern part of the corridor. corridor has greatest potential for impact on high sensitivity landscape • There are sections of 4 core paths located within the northern areas, including those subject to formal corridor in Section 2. designation. High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area In terms of features located within • The Moray Firth marine draft SPA is located approximately 3 km • Moidach More SAC lies immediately south of the central route • Moidach More SAC lies immediately north of the southern route corridor, 10 km of each corridor, the northern north of the northern route corridor between Nairn and Forres. corridor, which is designated for blanket bog. An OHL within this and an OHL within this corridor would have potential for impact on the and southern route corridors have The Moray and Nairn Coast SPA, designated for breeding osprey corridor may, therefore would have potential for impact on the integrity of this habitat type. greater potential for impact on and various other migratory species, is also located at the same integrity of this habitat type. • Darnaway and Lethen Forest SPA is located approximately 7.2 km north of landscape and visual features and distance. • Darnaway and Lethen Forest SPA is located approximately 4 km the corridor. cultural heritage assets compared to the central corridor. • The Darnaway and Lethen Forest SPA is located approximately north of the corridor. • There are 3 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the closest of which 500 m south of the corridor, at its closest point, and is • There are 4 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the closest of is Castle Grant GDL, located approximately 4 km to the south of the designated for breeding capercallie. which is Cawdor Castle GDL, located approximately 1.4 km to the corridor. • The larger settlements of Nairn and Forres are located within north of the corridor. • Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA extends to approximately 800 m of the northern route corridor. • Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA is located approximately 6 km south of the corridor. • There are 5 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the 1 km south of the corridor. • Cairngorms National Park is located approximately 1.6 km south of the closest of these are Brodie Castle GDL, located 200 m to the • Cairngorms National Park is located approximately 7 km south of the southern route corridor, at its closest point. north, and Darnaway Castle GDL, located approximately 200 m central corridor. • There is 1 CA within 10 km of the southern route corridor; Cawdor CA, at to the south. • There are 4 CAs within 10 km of the central corridor, the closest of approximately 7 km to the north. There are several category A listed which is Cawdor CA, at approximately 3.5 km distance. There are several category A listed buildings within 10 km, mainly to the north

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Table 5.1: Analysis of Corridors by Study Area Section • Sutors and Cromartie, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA lies of the corridor, and numerous scheduled monuments. Auldearn buildings within 10 km, all located to the north of the corridor, and within 10 km of the corridor in this section, at approximately battlefield is located approximately 7 km north of the central numerous scheduled monuments. 3.5 km distance. corridor. • Auldearn battlefield lies immediately north of the northern route corridor. In addition, there are 5 CAs located within 10 km of the corridor, the closest of which are Nairn CA and Forres CA, each located at approximately 1.7 km distance. There are several category A listed buildings, to the west of Forres and on both sides of the corridor, and numerous scheduled monuments. Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and opportunity for mitigation • Topography within the northern route corridor is relatively flat, • The forested areas at Dulsie Wood and Moss of Bodnawinny would • The southern route corridor crosses flat high moorland in section 2, where providing limited potential for mitigation. provide screening potential for a new OHL within this corridor. there would be little potential for screening or backclothing. This is • The northern corridor turns an acute corner west of Forres. An • Topography within the central corridor is undulating, providing some inconsistent with Holford Rules 4 and 5. OHL in this location would be inconsistent with Holford Rule 3. limited potential for mitigation (Holford Rule 4). • The northern route corridor includes numerous existing 11 kV • The existing 275 kV OHL marks the northern boundary of the central connections, and a 33 kV OHL, which may lead to cumulative corridor, and there may be potential for cumulative wirescape issues. wirescape issues. • Potential for short-term cumulative wirescape issues associated with the existing 132 kV OHL between Inverness and Keith, which crosses the northern route corridor in section 2 and lies in close proximity. Section 3 High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor The central corridor is preferred in • Potential for impact on area of high sensitivity landscape • Potential for impact on area of high sensitivity landscape surrounding • Potential for impact on area of high landscape sensitivity throughout this Section 3, on the basis that it contains surrounding the Spey valley; the Spey valley; section; fewer high sensitivity features and also that high sensitivity features outside the • Potential for impact on the River Spey SAC; • Potential for impact on the River Spey SAC; • Potential for impact on residential receptors within Upper Knockando, corridor are located at greater distance Knockando and on the outskirts of Aberlour; • Potential for visual impact on dwellings within Keith and • Potential for impact on setting of Mill of Towie (category A listed compared to the other corridors. In Newmill where the corridor turns an acute corner on the building). • Potential for impact on setting of Knockando Woolmill and Carron Bridge addition, it represents the most direct approach to Blackhillock substation. • Potential visual impact from the Speyside Way long distance walking (category A listed buildings); route to Blackhillock substation (Holford • Potential for visual impact from the Speyside Way long distance route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). • Potential for impact on the River Spey SAC. Rule 3). walking route (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). • Potential visual impact from the Speyside Way long distance walking route The southern route corridor is less (one of Scotland’s Great Trails). preferred than the central route corridor, due to its potential for impact Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor on residential receptors in Knockando, • Potential for impact on the integrity of Pluscarden AGLV; • Potential for impact on the integrity of Speyside AGLV. • Potential for impact on the integrity of Speyside AGLV. Aberlour and Dufftown, and on the • Potential for impact on the integrity of Speyside AGLV. • There are sections of 8 core paths located within the central corridor • There are sections of 4 core paths located within the southern corridor in character of high sensitivity landscape. • There are sections of 5 core paths in the northern corridor in in Section 3. Section 3. The northern route corridor is also less Section 3. preferred than the central route corridor, due to its potential for impact High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area on residential receptors in Elgin and • The Moray and Nairn Coast SPA is located approximately 1.6 km • The Moray and Nairn Coast SPA is located approximately 4 km north • The larger settlements of Charlestown of Aberlour, Dufftown and Keith are Keith and its proximity to Moray and north of the northern route corridor, while Loch Spynie SPA is of the central route corridor, while Loch Spynie SPA is located located within 10 km of the southern route corridor. Keith lies Nairn Coast SPA. located approximately 5.4 km north of the corridor. Loch approximately 10 km north of the corridor. approximately 300 m to the north, while Aberlour is within 800 m of the Spynie SPA is designated for wintering wildfowl. • The larger settlements of Elgin, Fochabers, Charlestown of Aberlour, southern route corridor. Dufftown lies within 200 m of the southern route • The larger settlements of Elgin and Fochabers are located within Dufftown and Keith are located within 10 km of the central route corridor. 1.5 km and 350 m of the northern route corridor, respectively. corridor. Keith lies approximately 300 m to the north, while the • There are 3 CAs located within 10 km of the corridor, the closest of which In addition, the northern route corridor forms a loop around the smaller village of Rothes is located approximately 800 m south of the is Archiestown CA, located within 200 m of the southern route corridor. north side of Keith, which may have the overall effect of ‘ring- corridor. Fochabers is located approximately 2 km north and • There are numerous category A listed buildings, particularly within fencing’ this settlement. Aberlour is approximately 7 km to the south, with Dufftown beyond. Aberlour and further south at Bridge of Avon.

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Table 5.1: Analysis of Corridors by Study Area Section • There are 3 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the • There are 3 GDLs located within 10 km of the corridor; the closest • Ben Rinnes hill lies immediately south of the corridor, and is a key closest being Gordon Castle GDL, located some 900 m to the being Gordon Castle GDL, located approximately 2.5 km to the north. landform within the wider landscape. An OHL within the southern route north. • There are 8 CAs located within 10 km of the corridor, the closest of corridor would have the potential to impact on views from this hill top. • There are 7 CAs located within 10 km of the corridor, the closest which is Fochabers CA, located 2.6 km north of the central route of which is Fochabers CA, located 900 m north of the northern corridor. route corridor. Assessment against design principles and potential Assessment against design principles and potential for Assessment against design principles and opportunity for for mitigation mitigation mitigation The forested areas at Hill of Wangie and Slorach’s Forestry located between the A941 and B9015 would The southern route corridor represents the longest route, Wood would provide screening potential for a new provide screening potential for a new OHL within this although it is recognised that the section between Aberlour OHL within this corridor. corridor. and Blackhillock is to be progressed separately as part of a Topography in the northern corridor is gently The existing 275 kV OHL marks the northern boundary of different project. This is not consistent with Holford Rule 3. undulating, providing potential for mitigation. the central corridor, and there may be potential for Forestry located to the north of Knockando would provide The northern route corridor includes numerous cumulative wirescape issues. screening potential for a new OHL within this corridor. existing 11 kV connections, and a 33 kV OHL, which The central corridor represents the most direct route to The southern corridor crosses some high ground in this may lead to cumulative wirescape issues. Blackhillock substation, consistent with Holford Rule 3. section, where there would be limited screening potential. Section 4 High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor The northern route corridor is preferred • No high sensitivity features are identified in Section 4. • Potential for impact on setting of Wardhouse (settlements and field • Potential for impact on area of high landscape sensitivity north of Ben in Section 4, on the basis that it contains systems) scheduled monument; Rinnes and between Meikle Conval and Little Conval; fewer high sensitivity features within this section. There are also fewer high • Potential for impact on setting of Hill of Newleslie (hillfort) scheduled • Potential for impact on the River Spey SAC; sensitivity features located in the monument. • Potential for impact on setting of Mill of Towie (category A listed building). surrounding area than in other route • Potential for impact on setting of Dunnideer hill fort and surrounding corridor options. However, it is scheduled monuments acknowledged that this may be Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor accounted for by its short length compared to that of the central and • The Keith-Huntly railway line runs through the northern route • There are sections of 3 core paths in the central corridor in Section 4. • Potential for impact on the integrity of Speyside AGLV (within both the southern route corridors in this section. corridor throughout this section, and an OHL within this northern and southern variations of south route corridor). The central route corridor is less corridor would have potential for visual impact on railway users. • There are sections of 6 core paths in the southern corridor in Section 4. preferred than the northern route • There are sections of 9 core paths in the northern corridor in corridor in this section, due to potential Section 4. impact on the setting of cultural High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area heritage features, both within and • Tips of Corsemaul and Tom Mor SPA is located approximately • Tips of Corsemaul and Tom Mor SPA is located approximately 1.2 km • Hill of Towanreef SAC is located immediately south of the corridor in this immediately surrounding the corridor. 7.8 km south of the north route corridor, which is designated south of the central route corridor. section, which is designated for its blanket bog, as well as a range of other In addition, there is an SPA located in close proximity to the boundary of the for breeding Common gull. • Huntly settlement is located within 500 m of the central route habitat types. corridor. • The larger settlement of Huntly is located within 750 m of the corridor. • Tips of Corsemaul and Tom Mor SPA lies immediately to the south of the Both the northern and central route northern route corridor. • Leith Hall GDL, lies some 500 m to the south. southern route corridor. corridors are considered to offer some • There is 1 GDL located within 10 km of the corridor; Leith Hall • Leith Hall GDL, lies some 1.2 km to the north of the corridor. • Huntly CA lies approximately 1.5 km north of the central route screening potential for an OHL within GDL, located some 6.5 km to the south. corridor. • There are various category A listed buildings and scheduled monuments this section of the study area. • Huntly CA lies approximately 850 m south of the northern route located within 10 km of the southern route corridor. The closest of these The southern route corridor is least corridor. is Auchindoun castle scheduled monument, which lies 200 m from the preferred, due to potential impact on corridor boundary. high sensitivity landscape, including Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and opportunity for mitigation popular tourism and recreation destinations. In addition, there is • Forestry located in Balloch Wood would provide screening • The topography of the central corridor is undulating, with some areas • The southern route corridor is mainly located within a valley associated potential for a new OHL within this corridor. of high ground to the west of Huntly. This may have limited with the River Deveron within this section. This is consistent with Holford potential for impact on an SAC and an screening potential. Rule 5. SPA, which are both located adjacent to the corridor boundary. • There are some areas of forestry located within the corridor which may provide some screening potential for a new OHL.

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Table 5.1: Analysis of Corridors by Study Area Section • The southern route corridor represents the longest route in this section, due to the spur to Blackhillock and the route to Kintore. This is inconsistent with Holford Rule 3.

Section 5 High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor High sensitivity features within Route Corridor The southern route corridor is preferred • Potential for impact on area of high landscape sensitivity west • Potential for impact on setting of Lickleyhead Castle (category A • Potential for impact on area of high landscape sensitivity to the east of in section 5, on the basis that it contains of Rothienorman (River Deveron and Upper Ythan valley); listed building); Alford; greater opportunity for routeing new 400 kV transmission infrastructure and • Potential for impact on setting of Bourtie Parish Church • The route corridor crosses the high landscape sensitivity area around • Potential for impact on setting of Tillycairn Castle and Linton House fewer technical challenges (e.g. likely (category A listed building); Bennachie and there would be potential for impact adverse impact (category A listed buildings). changes in direction of OHL due to on views from Bennachie and surrounding high ground. • Potential for visual impact on dwellings located between existing infrastructure, residential Kintore and Inverurie, as well as users of A96 in this location, • Potential for impact on setting of Dunnideer hill fort and surrounding clusters, etc). It also contains fewer high where the corridor turns an acute corner. This is inconsistent scheduled monuments sensitivity features, both within the with Holford Rule 3. • Potential for visual impact on dwellings located in Auchleven and corridor and in the adjoining parts of the • Potential for impact on setting of Ratch hill (settlement, field Kemnay study area. It is wide enough in this system and enclosures) scheduled monument. section to allow minimisation of impacts from a new OHL on the constraints Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor Medium sensitivity features within Route Corridor identified, through the detailed route • The northern route corridor crosses the River Don between • There are sections of 9 core paths in the central corridor in Section 5, • There are sections of 3 core paths in the southern corridor in Section 5, selection process. Constraints include Kintore and Inverurie, in a location where the corridor is narrow including The Gordon Way between the Bennachie Centre and Suie including The Gordon Way between the Bennachie Centre and Suie Hill. the landscape of Bennachie and the and incorporates a loop in the river, which may require more Hill. historic environment of Cluny Castle and than one river crossing by an OHL within this corridor. Castle Fraser. • There are sections of 5 core paths in the northern corridor in The central route corridor is less Section 5. preferred due to its greater proximity to High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area High sensitivity features in surrounding area Bennachie and potential for adverse impact on views from the summit of • • • The larger settlements of Inverurie, Kintore and Oldmeldrum The summit of Mither Tap is located approximately 2.2 km east of There are 8 GDLs located within 10 km of the southern route corridor. Mither Tap and the Gordon Way. are located within 800 m, 200 m and 750 m, respectively of the the central route corridor. This is a popular walking destination, and Four of these are located within 200 m of the corridor boundary, namely northern route corridor. also is characterised by a scheduled monument (Mither Tap fort) on Castle Forbes GDL, Monymusk GDL, Cluny Castle GDL and Castle Fraser The northern route corridor is less preferred based on its proximity to • the summit. Potential for adverse impact on views from this GDL. Harlaw and Barra battlefields are located adjacent to the areas of higher population density. In viewpoint and setting of the scheduled monument. • boundary of the northern route corridor. There are various category A listed buildings located within 10 km of the particular, the area between Kintore • • Keith Hall GDL is located within 200 m of the corridor boundary, There are 8 GDLs located within 10 km of the central route corridor. southern route corridor. The closest of these are located at Cluny Castle and Inverurie has a higher concentration at Inverurie. Four of these are located within 200 m of the corridor boundary, and at Castle Fraser, which lie 200 m from the corridor boundary. of properties and a new OHL would namely Castle Forbes GDL, Monymusk GDL, Cluny Castle GDL and • There is a number of category A listed buildings and scheduled • Alford battlefield is located immediately west of the corridor. have greater potential for effects on Castle Fraser GDL. monuments within this section, particularly around Inverurie • There is 1 CA within 10 km of the corridor, namely Garlogie CA, which lies residential amenity, particularly in and Kintore. • Alford battlefield is located approximately 4.2 km south of the approximately 6.5 km south of the corridor. combination with existing transmission corridor, while Harlaw battlefield is located approximately 6.2 km • The high landscape sensitivity area incorporating the summits of infrastructure. north of the corridor. Bennachie lies approximately 1 km east of the corridor, at its closest point. • There are numerous category A listed buildings and scheduled monuments in the surrounding area, particularly around Kemnay, Monymusk, Castle Fraser and Cluny Castle. Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and potential for mitigation Assessment against design principles and opportunity for mitigation • The northern route corridor represents the longest route in this • There are large areas of woodland, associated with Pitfichie Forest • Topography in the southern route corridor is undulating, providing some section, due to the requirement to avoid the settlements of and Bennachie, which may provide opportunity for screening an OHL limited potential for mitigation. Inverurie and Kintore. located within this corridor.

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Conclusions 5.3.3 From the analysis described above, it is evident that a preference can be identified for each section of the study area. . 5.3.4 The central corridor is identified as preferred within sections 1, 2 and 3, while the northern route corridor is preferred in section 4 and the southern route corridor is preferred in section 5. However, it is acknowledged that the shorter length of the northern route corridor in section 4 was a key influence in determining its preference. 5.3.5 Given that the northern route corridor in section 5 is identified as least preferred, it is necessary to consider the sensitivities identified in the central and southern route corridors in section 4. This determines that the central route corridor is preferred in section 4.

5.4 Step 3: Analysis of Preferred Route Corridor for Consultation and Identification of Key Issues for Detailed Routeing 5.4.1 Further detailed analysis of the preferred route corridor, as defined above, was completed, in order to ensure that the boundaries are appropriate and respond to design principles, including the high level Holford Rules, as far as possible. In particular, the corridor boundary was refined in the locations where the central and southern route corridors have the potential to join. 5.4.2 Between Aitnoch and Cairn Duhie hill, the preferred corridor boundary was defined in accordance with a detailed analysis of topography. This also resulted in a slight widening of the corridor in this location. 5.4.3 Similarly, north of Upper Knockando, the preferred corridor boundary was broadened to take account of topography, and to take advantage of the screening potential of forestry at Moss of Bednawinny. 5.4.4 Within the forestry at Gartly Moor, the preferred corridor boundary was adjusted to ensure that the hill summits of Hill of Corskie and Winshach Hill are excluded (consistent with Holford Rule 4). This made the corridor slightly narrower in this location. 5.4.5 At Pitfichie Forest, the preferred corridor boundary was set to avoid the summit of Cairn William hill (consistent with Holford Rule 4). This made the corridor slightly narrower in this location. 5.4.6 Based on the above analysis, the preferred corridor is shown on Figure 5.1. Figures 5.2-5.9 show the location of the preferred route corridor in more detail. 5.4.7 It is acknowledged that various high and medium sensitivity features are remaining within this preferred route corridor and further detailed analysis of the potential for mitigation of impact on these features will be required during the OHL route selection study (see Chapter 7 below).

Refinement of Preferred Route Corridor following Community Consultation in October 2015 to January 2016 5.4.8 As referred to within section 2.4 of this report, feedback received during the first period of community consultation suggested that there may be potential opportunities for aligning an OHL in an area outside of the initial preferred route corridor, in the vicinity of Kintore and Monymusk. Additional analysis of environmental baseline conditions within this part of the study area was subsequently undertaken in order to confirm the sensitivity of this area. 5.4.9 The additional analysis concluded that:

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• this part of the study area had initially been excluded from the preferred route corridor in order to avoid potential impacts on the settings of Gardens and Designed Landscapes (GDLs) at Monymusk, Cluny Castle and Castle Fraser, which were assigned a sensitivity level of high; • further analysis of these GDLs showed they are surrounded by existing woodland, and views from within the GDLs are relatively enclosed as a result; • the landscape in this area as a whole comprises a valley floor along the Ton Burn, characterised by existing blocks of woodland which may provide the opportunity to screen an OHL from view. Settlements are limited to the hamlets of Craigearn and Leschangie, as well as a small number of isolated dwellings; • there are no further high sensitivity environmental features identified within this route corridor selection study which would preclude inclusion of this area within the preferred route corridor. 5.4.10 As a result of this additional analysis, the preferred route corridor was amended in the vicinity of Kintore and Monymusk, as shown on Figure 5.10.

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6. STAGE 3: CONSULTATION AND REFINEMENT

6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Statutory stakeholder engagement has been undertaken throughout the route corridor selection study for the Projects, by engaging with them through the Statutory Stakeholder Forum described in section 2.4. This has contributed to the identification and analysis of the potential route corridors and subsequently the preferred route corridor. 6.1.2 Local communities have also been consulted on the location of the preferred corridor. The purpose of the community consultation exercise was to ensure that all of the relevant key points associated with the location of the preferred route corridor have been identified and to identify any issues, where applicable. 6.1.3 This chapter describes the key feedback that was provided by stakeholders and the public during this consultation, and summarises how this has contributed to identification of a proposed route corridor.

6.2 Consultation with the Statutory Stakeholder Forum 6.2.1 As described in section 2.4, two meetings with all members of the Statutory Stakeholder Forum were held, as well as a further specific meeting with Aberdeenshire Council. 6.2.2 The purpose of the first Statutory Stakeholder Forum meeting was:

• to introduce the route corridor selection study, by summarising the need for the Projects and the scope for the Projects and presenting the approach to the Projects; • to provide an overview of the environmental constraints identified within the study area and their identified sensitivity in relation to transmission infrastructure; and • to request feedback regarding the initial route corridors identified. 6.2.3 Table 6.1 describes the feedback that was gathered following the first meeting, and includes details of how this feedback was used in the route corridor selection study. Table 6.1: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Feedback - Workshop 1 Issue How this has been addressed The information provided at the workshop was An information pack was prepared to provide further not sufficient to allow stakeholders to provide information on the approach and initial findings of the feedback on the corridor options and initial Route Corridor Selection Study (Annex H). preferences. The avoidance of all international / national The Route Corridor Selection Study has been designated sites should be challenged to some undertaken in accordance with guidance referenced in degree, as there is potential with any project to Chapter 2. This recommends that offer some mitigation which would add value to international/national designated sites should be the designation. Some informed assessment of avoided altogether, if possible. Any mitigation, or potential benefits of any impact should be potential to cross nationally/internationally designated undertaken. areas, will be considered in the appraisal of potential route alignments (see Chapter 7 of this report). Potential direct and indirect effects on cultural The heat mapping was designed to identify areas heritage should be considered, in particular with where there may be the potential for significant regard to Culloden battlefield, Achindoun Castle environmental effects such as direct effects on and cultural heritage features within archaeological features, and indirect effects on setting Aberdeenshire of nationally designated cultural heritage features, with the aim that such areas could be avoided as much as possible. However, any potential impacts cannot be

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Table 6.1: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Feedback - Workshop 1 Issue How this has been addressed defined until a detailed route alignment is identified (see Chapter 7 of this report). Potential for disturbance of carbon-rich soils The potential for interaction with carbon-rich soils and should be considered where the corridor option deep peat has been considered, using the new data set crosses Dava Moor (either side of the A940) from SNH11. This shows that areas of carbon rich soil are primarily located at higher elevations, and generally correspond to areas that are excluded from the potential route corridors (due to their elevation and the presence of ecological designations). Floodplain should be avoided around the River National level flood risk data will be used for Findhorn (near Tomatin) and around the River identification and appraisal of potential route Spey (near Rothes) alignments (see Chapter 7 of this report). Where possible, a new OHL should be located Noted. This will be a matter for identification and within previously disturbed areas, such as appraisal of potential route alignments (see Chapter 7 forestry plantation of this report). Further consideration should be given to Additional consideration was made of this area, and a locating a corridor within the area of new potential corridor option was added, following Knocknagael-Daviot-Cawdor, as this would lie to the first Statutory Stakeholder Forum meeting. the north of Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moor SLA, and may be less sensitive in landscape terms. Further information should be provided on how Following the workshop, additional analysis of the local landscape designations have been sensitivity applied to local landscape designations was considered within the sensitivity analysis. undertaken (see Annex E). There needs to be further refinement of the The preferred route corridor was defined after the preferred route corridor, as a single corridor second Statutory Stakeholder Forum workshop, prior without any variations, before the public to the community consultation period, when one consultation period. There would be the risk of single preferred route corridor was presented. creating a division if we are to present two widely varied corridors to the public for comment.

6.2.4 The second Statutory Stakeholder Forum meeting was used to gain feedback regarding the information pack that was issued. 6.2.5 No written feedback was received following the second meeting; however, key comments raised by the Statutory Stakeholder Forum members at this meeting are detailed in Table 6.2. Table 6.2: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Feedback – Workshop 2 Key Feedback How this has been addressed Moray Council - indicated that the A96 upgrade corridor had The dualling proposals for the A96 have been finalised as far as Nairn and identified a number of been taken into account in the route points where the potential corridors overlap with confirmed corridor selection study (see Table B.1) or likely elements of the A96 upgrade. Also, it was noted and will continue to be taken account of that the heat map clearly steers the corridors away from the at the next stage of the Projects (see northern-most corridor, given the extent of settlement in Chapter 7, section 7.3) as further detail that part of the study area. A number of locally important becomes available. amenity areas close to the larger settlements in the northern

11 http://www.snh.gov.uk/planning-and-development/advice-for-planners-and-developers/soils-and-development/cpp/

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Table 6.2: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Feedback – Workshop 2 Key Feedback How this has been addressed corridor area were highlighted, so that they would be Annex B of this report contains details of avoided. all features that have been considered in the route corridor selection study. Aberdeenshire Council - agreed that the routeing principles Annex B of this report contains details of have been followed and acknowledged that there is potential all features that have been considered in for a route between Kintore and Keith. However, concern the route corridor selection study. was raised over the southern corridor areas in Aberdeenshire Annexes D and E contain detail of how and regarding the potential for adverse impacts on the landscape and visual amenity has been landscape of the Don Valley. Concern was expressed about considered across the study area. the southern route at the eastern end, in particular local level concerns around Bennachie. Aberdeen City and Shire Strategic Development Planning These comments were noted and will be Authority - noted that A96 routing in the east of the study used to inform the next stage of the area is not determined, however the corridor around Projects (see Chapter 7, section 7.3). Inverurie (between Inverurie and Kintore) is considered critical by Transport Scotland. Also noted the potential for the gap between Inverurie and Kintore to close depending on the location of a likely requirement for a grade separated junction in this area. Also noted that there are East Coast railway line influences on the eastern end of the study area; careful evaluation of the preferred corridor should be undertaken to the west of Bennachie. The Highland Council - broadly agreed with the corridor These comments were noted and will be options identified and stated the assumption that the taken account of during the next stage of [northern] corridor option (which would require further the Projects (see Chapter 7, section 7.3). development to maintain electrical connections at Nairn, Keith and Elgin) would be dismissed. Also expressed a strong preference for the project to avoid Dava Moor, by taking the central corridor which could take advantage of local topography for screening, backclothing etc. Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) – confirmed that they were These comments were noted and will be happy with the corridor boundaries in environmental terms; carried forward to inform the next stage however, the southern corridor is slightly limited and narrow of the Projects (see Chapter 7, section between Aberlour and Dufftown. 7.3). In assessing route options, habitats should be considered which lie close to the edge of a corridor – e.g. blanket bog. If there is likely to be an impact on hydrology, this may affect a habitat which is downstream of it, even if it is outside of a corridor. Also, potential impacts on fresh water pearl mussels (FWPM) on the River Spey should be considered. Historic Environment Scotland (HES) – route corridor These comments were noted and will be boundaries were acceptable and HES confirmed that they carried forward to inform the next stage were happy with the methodology followed. HES confirmed of the Projects (see Chapter 7, section that Conservation Areas are not national designations; 7.3). therefore can be considered medium rather than high sensitivity. Spey Fishery Board; The Deveron, Bogie & Isla Rivers These comments were noted and will be Charitable Trust; River Don Fisheries Trust – confirmed carried forward to inform the next stage various popular tourist areas such as the Aberlour/Dufftown area and distilleries, and the Telford bridge, crossing the

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Table 6.2: Statutory Stakeholder Forum Feedback – Workshop 2 Key Feedback How this has been addressed River Spey at Craigellachie. Landowner concerns would of the Projects (see Chapter 7, section relate to impact on fisheries from watercourse crossings. 7.3). Highlighted that the northern corridor between Keith and Kintore includes a loop of the River Don, in the area between Inverurie and Kintore – the corridor may need to be narrower to reduce the number of watercourse crossings. Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) - raised a These comments were noted and will be concern about siting of new infrastructure in an area of flood carried forward to inform the next stage plain, around Aberlour. Also confirmed that, in terms of of the Projects (see Chapter 7, section potential impacts on carbon rich soils, the southern corridor 7.3). options would be least preferred (crossing Dava Moor), while the middle corridor option would be more acceptable and the northern corridor would be likely to avoid any areas of carbon rich soil.

6.2.6 Minutes of both Statutory Stakeholder Forum meetings are contained in Annex G. 6.2.7 In addition, a separate meeting was held with Aberdeenshire Council in April 2015, in order to discuss and agree the approach to the landscape sensitivity analysis, as set out within Annexes D and E of this report. Minutes of this meeting are also contained in Annex G.

6.3 Community Consultation 6.3.1 Two periods of community consultation were held, as detailed below. The programme of consultation was designed to engage with statutory and non-statutory organisations, elected representatives and local communities, in order to invite feedback on the rationale for and approach to the selection of the preferred route corridor. Consultees were also invited to provide feedback on the consideration given to environmental constraints and on any specific issues of particular interest to local communities and/or that may have been overlooked. 6.3.2 The first consultation period took place between October 2015 and January 2016. A range of consultation methods were used by SHE Transmission to ensure as many people as possible were able to access the information and take part in the consultation. This included a series of 18 consultation events including 5 mobile events, in locations across the study area. A total of 177 consultation responses were received during the first consultation period, including both written correspondence and completion of feed-back forms. Common themes emerging from responses were as follows:

• Consultation itself - comments on the consultation process, current and future. Requests for more information about the Projects; • Project need - comments and queries regarding the need for the Projects; • Engineering, design and construction - comments about the viability of different technology options and infrastructure; comments about the wider network, the resilience of the options; • Route corridors - preferences expressed by respondents for a particular route corridor, or amendment to the preferred route corridor; • Environment - all comments about the natural environment, including designated sites such as scheduled monuments; • Health, safety and security - health and physical safety concerns, e.g. accident risk, including aviation safety, concerns regarding electric and magnetic fields (EMFs); • Socio-economics - comments about potential impacts on local economic activity and other socioeconomic factors;

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• Routeing - comments about where an OHL should be located, both general principles and specifics. 6.3.3 In response to feedback received during the first consultation period, one amendment to the boundary of the Preferred Route Corridor was made, as detailed in Chapter 5. Thereafter, a second period of consultation took place in Monymusk from March to May 2016 to seek feedback on this amendment from statutory authorities, key stakeholders, elected representatives and the general public. A total of 485 responses were received during this second consultation period; common themes within these responses also fall within the categories as listed above. 6.3.4 Full details of the community consultation on the preferred route corridor are described separately within the Report on Consultation12.

12 SHE Transmission (August 2016) Beauly-Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock-Kintore Reinforcement: Report on Consultation

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7. STAGE 4: PROPOSED ROUTE CORRIDOR AND SUMMARY OF SENSITIVITIES

7.1 Proposed Route Corridor 7.1.1 The proposed route corridor is illustrated by Figure 7.1. This corridor will be subject to further detailed analysis, in order to define potential route options within that corridor and then to identify a preferred route for locating a new OHL.

7.2 Key Sensitivities Identified 7.2.1 The above analysis has identified the following key sensitivities which will require further consideration during the detailed OHL route selection study:

• potential impacts on the blanket bog habitat within Moidach More SAC; • potential impacts on the designated bird species associated with SPA and Ramsar sites located up to 20 km from the proposed route corridor; • potential cumulative visual impacts from an OHL within the proposed route corridor in combination with the existing Beauly-Blackhillock 275 kV OHL and the southern-most Blackhillock-Kintore 275 kV OHL; • potential impacts on scheduled monuments located both within the proposed route corridor and in the immediate surroundings; • potential impacts on residential receptors, located both within the proposed route corridor and in the surrounding 10 km; • potential setting impacts on GDLs located within the surroundings of the proposed route corridor, in particular Beaufort Castle GDL, Dochfour GDL, Leith Hall GDL, Monymusk GDL, Cluny Castle GDL and Castle Fraser GDL; • potential setting impacts on Alford battlefield; • potential impact on high sensitivity landscape at Daviot, south of Assich Forest, around the River Divie, and within the Spey valley; and • potential setting impacts on category A listed buildings, including Glenferness House, Mill of Towie, Tillycairn Castle, Cluny Castle, Castle Fraser and Linton House.

7.3 Next Steps 7.3.1 The next planned stages of the Projects are as follows: i. Detailed Route Selection - SHE Transmission will carry out further assessments and design work to identify a preferred route alignment for the transmission line. The next round of consultation will provide an opportunity to present and comment upon the Preferred Route Alignment, with particular regard to sensitive locations and the need for any mitigation. ii. Proposed Route Alignment - Having regard to consultation undertaken on the Preferred Route Alignment, SHE Transmission will identify its Proposed Route Alignment. SHE Transmission will continue to undertake further surveys, and detailed environmental impact assessments will be carried out as the Projects progress. Further consultation with statutory and other stakeholders will take place, which will be the final phase of pre-application consultation prior to the application being submitted for development consent. iii. Application - Following the formal consultation stage, SHE Transmission will consider the final details of its proposals before submitting an application for consent under Section 37 of the Electricity Act 1989.

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7.3.2 In looking at the next stages of the Projects, SHE Transmission will seek to work closely with stakeholders, communities and landowners to discuss and explain its decisions during the route selection and environmental assessment processes.

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ANNEX A: FIGURES Figure 2.1: Study Area and Section Boundaries Figure 3.1a: Environmental Constraints within Section 1 Figure 3.1b: Heat Mapping within Section 1 Figure 3.2a: Environmental Constraints within Section 2 Figure 3.2b: Heat Mapping within Section 2 Figure 3.3a: Environmental Constraints within Section 3 Figure 3.3b: Heat Mapping within Section 3 Figure 3.4a: Environmental Constraints within Section 4 Figure 3.4b: Heat Mapping within Section 4 Figure 3.5a: Environmental Constraints within Section 5 Figure 3.5b: Heat Mapping within Section 5 Figure 4.1: Potential Route Corridors and Heat Mapping - Key Figures 4.2-4.18: Potential Route Corridors and Heat Mapping Figure 4.19: Potential Route Corridors for Analysis – Key Figures 4.20-4.36: Potential Route Corridors for Analysis Figure 5.1: Preferred Route Corridor Figures 5.2-5.9: Preferred Route Corridor Detail Figure 5.10: Preferred Route Corridor Amendment Figure 7.1: Proposed Route Corridor

(Enclosed as separate files)

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ANNEX B: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINT SENSITIVITY

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Table B.1: Environmental Constraint Sensitivity Constraint Sensitivity (Red, Buffer? Sensitivity Notes Amber, Green) of Buffer Landscape High sensitivity landscape Red None - character types (see Annex D) Medium sensitivity Amber None - landscape character types Low sensitivity landscape Green None - character types Highland Council SLA - - - Considered as part of the landscape Moray Areas of Great - - - character type Landscape Value sensitivities Former Aberdeenshire - - - Areas of Landscape Significance Cairngorms National Park Red 200m Amber Buffer to allow for setting impacts Wild Land Areas Red 200m Red Buffer to allow for setting impacts Gardens and Designed Red 200m Red Buffer to allow for Landscapes setting impacts Cultural Heritage Listed Buildings - A Red 200m Amber Buffer to allow for setting impacts Listed Buildings – B Amber None - Listed Buildings – C Amber None - Scheduled Monuments Red 200m Amber Buffer to allow for setting impacts Conservation Area Red 200m - Registered Battlefield Amber None - Ecology Special Area of Conservation Red None - RAMSAR Red None - Special Protection Area Red None - Site of Special Scientific Red None - Interest Biological or Mixed RSPB Reserve Amber None - Important Bird Area Amber None - Ancient Woodland Red None - Inventory Local Nature Reserve Amber None -

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Table B.1: Environmental Constraint Sensitivity Constraint Sensitivity (Red, Buffer? Sensitivity Notes Amber, Green) of Buffer Sites of Interest for Nature Amber None - Conservation Nature Conservation Marine Red None - Protected Area Marine Draft Special Red None - Protection Area Geology Site of Special Scientific Amber None - Marked Amber due to Interest Geological lesser sensitivity (than ecological SSSIs) from transmission development Geological Conservation Green None - Review Sites Hydrology Lake Amber None - Technical constraint Bathing Waters Amber None - Flood risk areas - - - Not mapped at the corridor identification Private water supplies - - - stage Infrastructure Airports / RAF Bases Amber 4km Amber 4km from edge of runways is typical safeguarding zone Wind farms Red 100m Red 100m stand-off to allow for 3 x rotor diameter Landfills Amber None - Gas pipelines - - - Not mapped at the corridor identification stage THC mineral sites Amber None - Moray mines and quarries Amber None - Dualling proposals for A96 Amber None - The only section available to date is around Nairn Inverness and Aberdeen No data available at present. airport expansion proposals Transmission infrastructure The Beauly-Blackhillock and Blackhillock-Kintore connections are shown as constraints (red, with 70m buffer). The remainder of transmission lines are shown as opportunities (green lines). Residential

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table B.1: Environmental Constraint Sensitivity Constraint Sensitivity (Red, Buffer? Sensitivity Notes Amber, Green) of Buffer Settlements Red 100m Red 100-200m Amber Properties Red 100m Red 100-200m Amber THC housing allocations Red 100m Red areas 100-200m Amber Moray housing allocation Red 100m Red areas 100-200m Amber Aberdeenshire housing Red 100m Red allocation areas 100-200m Amber Recreation Country Park Amber None - Core Paths (THC, Moray and Amber None - Aberdeenshire) National Cycle Network Amber None - Recreational features - - - Not mapped at the corridor identification stage (but shown on background mapping) Planning Marine Planning Zone Amber None - Agriculture Land Capability for - - - Not included in Agriculture constraints analysis at corridor identification stage.

The remainder of this Annex describes the designations and other features of relevance to the route corridor selection study. For ease of interpretation, the study area has been described with reference to the five sections listed at paragraph 2.2.2.

Section 1: Inverness South The environmental characteristics of Section 1 are described below, by topic; the most sensitive features (see Table B.1) are illustrated on Figure 3.1a (Annex A).

Ecology Designations There are a number of sites, within Section 1, designated nationally or internationally, for their nature conversation importance. These are listed in Table B.1 below.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table B.2: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 1 Area Designation Name Comments (ha) Designated SAC for the protection of Bryophytes (Green shield-moss (Buxbaumia viridis)). 32.16, SAC, SSSI Moniack Gorge Furthermore, this site is designated as a Biological SSSI 118.11 for Upland mixed ash woodland and Lichen assemblage. Designated SAC for the protection of Otter (Lutra lutra) and clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic vegetation 201.15 and poor to moderate nutrient levels. Furthermore, this area is a designated Ramsar site and SAC, SPA, 201.15 Loch Ruthven SPA for the breeding Slavonian grebe (Podiceps Ramsar, SSSI 201.15 auritus). 201.15 This site is also designated as a Biological SSSI for breeding Slavonian grebe, breeding bird assemblage and Mesotrophic Loch. SAC Slochd 91.78 Designated SAC for the protection of dry heaths. This site is an SPA for breeding and non-breeding 162.29 Slavonian grebe. SPA, SSSI Loch Ashie 162.29 Furthermore, this site is designated as a SSSI for non- breeding Slavonian grebe. Designated SAC for the protection of blanket bog. Carn nan Tri- SAC, SSSI 4,151.29 tighearnan This site is designated a SSSI for blanket bog and subalpine dry heath. Designated SAC for the protection of western acidic 161.6, oak woodland. SAC, SSSI Cawdor Wood 161.6 Furthermore, this site is designated as a SSSI for upland oak woodland and lichen assemblage SSSI Creag nan Clag 15.62 This site is designated for Lichen assemblage. This site is designated for Juniper scrub, open water SSSI Kildrummie Kames 641.83 transition fen and Eutrophic Loch. This site is designated for valley fen, springs (including SSSI Loch Battan 21.29 flushes) and open water transition fen. Loch Ruthven And The IBA is important for breeding waterbirds, waders IBA 5,595 Nearby Lochs and raptors. These coastal areas form an integral unit that is internationally important for populations of wintering and passage wildfowl. The IBA holds 130,000 wintering and 31,000 passage waterbirds on a regular basis, and is also nationally important for breeding Great Moray Basin, Firths IBA 3,107 cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) (28 pairs, 1990, 4%), And Bays and for wintering Great cormorant (775 birds, 5%), Mute swan (Cygnus olor) (380 birds, 1%), Pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus) (2,140 birds, 1989-1994, 1%), Common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) (1,060 birds, 1%).

The Moray Firth Marine Draft SPA borders Section 1 to the north. Merkinch Local Nature Reserve is located at the south coast of Beauly Firth, at Inverness. Scattered blocks of Ancient Woodland

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

are located within the Section, mainly at the north. There are no National Nature Reserves located within Section 1.

Landscape and Visual Amenity Five Landscape Character Types (LCTs) within Section 1 have been identified as being of high sensitivity to the proposed development; the Broad Steep-Sided Glen LCT around Loch Ness; the Farmed Straths LCT of Strathnairn; the Crofting Settlement LCT of Camault Muir; the Narrow Firth Corridor LCT of the coastal edge to the west of Inverness; and the Coastal LCT of the coastal edge to the north east of Inverness. Outside of these five LCTs, the remainder of Section 1 is considered to be of medium landscape character sensitivity, with the exception of the Coastal Lowland LCT in the north east of Section 1 which is considered to be of Low sensitivity. The Highland Council has identified Special Landscape Areas (SLA) within the Highland-wide Local Development Plan, which covers this part of the study area. The northern extent of the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA is located within the south western part of Section 1 and the western extent of the Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA is located within the eastern part of Section 1. The south eastern area of Section 1 borders the Cairngorms National Park. Eight Gardens and Designed Landscapes (GDLs) are located within Section 1: Cawdor Castle; Dalcross Castle; Culloden House; Tomnahurich Cemetery; Beaufort Castle; Leys Castle; Dochfour; and Aldourie Castle. No Wild Land Areas (WLA) are located within Section 1; however, the Monadhliath WLA, is located approximately 300 m to the south of the study area boundary. The main settlement located within Section 1 is Inverness with a number of smaller settlements, mainly villages and hamlets, spread across the rest of Section 1. National Cycle Routes (NCR) 1 and 7 pass through Section 1; NCR 1 passes through Inverness in the northeast whilst NCR7 lies parallel to the A9, turning eastwards towards Cawdor. The Great Glen Way is the only one of Scotland’s Great Trails that passes through Section 1, running from Drumnadrochit to Inverness. A number of ‘A’ class roads pass through Section 1 including the A9, the A96, the A862 and the A82, which runs along the western edge of Loch Ness. The A96 forms part of the Highland Tourist Route, which runs from Aberdeen to Inverness, whilst the A862 forms part of the Moray Firth Route, starting at Inverness and passing around the Beauly, Cromarty and Dornoch Firths. There are three railway lines that pass within Section 1, connecting with one another at Inverness; the Highland Main Line; the Aberdeen-Inverness Line; and the Far North Line.

Archaeology and Cultural Heritage One hundred and twenty-seven Scheduled Monuments are located within Section 1. In addition, 41 Category A, and 649 Category B and C listed buildings are within Section 1, with the most significant cluster located within Inverness and towards Culloden. Culloden battlefield lies in the north eastern part of Section 1. In addition, seven conservation areas are located within Section 1: Culloden Battlefield; Culloden House; Cawdor, Inverness (Riverside); Inverness (Clachnaharry); Inverness (Crown); and Ardersier. No World Heritage Sites are located within Section 1.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Recreation and Tourism Core Paths are scattered throughout Section 1, with clusters near Inverness and along the banks of Loch Ness; no core paths are located at the southern part of the Section. A National Cycle Network Route follows the A9 and B9154 within Section 1. Section 1 includes a number of castles and visitor centres, including; Dalcross Castle, Castle Spynie, Daviot Castle, Moniack Castle and Tom-a’-Caisteal. Dalcross church is another important feature located within Section 1. The Moray Firth National Tourist Route extends from Inverness to Lairg, crossing the northern part of the Section from Inverness westwards, while the Highland Tourist Route, from Inverness to Aberdeen, also crosses the northern part of the Section, from Inverness eastwards. A number of B&B’s and other tourist-related facilities are located around Loch Ness and within Inverness.

Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Geology There are nine SSSIs within Section 1 designated for geological features:

• Littlemill Fluvio-glacial Landforms; • Torvean Landforms; • Creag nan Clag; • Kildrummie Kames; • Allt a' Choire; • Allt na Feithe Sheilich; • Ardersier Glacial Deposits; • Dalroy and Clava Landforms; and • Findhorn Terraces. Allt a' Choire; Allt na Feithe Sheilich; Ardersier; Littlemill Landforms and Torvean Landforms are also designated as Geological Conservation Review Sites, along with Dores; Upper River Nairn and Allt Mor; Kildrummie Kames; The Slochd; and Dun Chia Hill (Loch Duntelchaig). According to BGS 1:625k geological maps, large areas of peat are located within the Section, mainly in the southern part. Main water bodies within Section 1 include: River Beauly, River Farigaig, River Ness, River Nairn, River Findhorn, the Caledonian Canal, Cairnlaw Burn, Mill Burn, Loch Ness, , Loch Ruthven and Loch Duntelclaig. There are numerous other small water bodies, tributaries and field drains which are not monitored by SEPA. Risk of flooding is mainly constrained around the banks of the brooks and lochs and at the coastal areas, which cover a significant part of the Section.

Residential Settlements and Land Use Section 1 includes a number of settlements, with the most significant one being Inverness. The Section also includes smaller settlements such as Balchraggan, Milton of Gollanfield in the north east, Easter, Balnafoich in the centre, Tomatin and Blavraid at the south east and Moniack at the north west. There are also a number of smaller settlements and individual dwellings scattered around the Section, with most of them located in the western part, away from the hills to the south east.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

As mentioned above, areas of peat (blanket bog) are located within the Section, covering a large area of higher ground to the south and the area is predominantly comprised of grade 3.1 agricultural land (capable of producing a moderate range of crops).

Other Infrastructure Inverness Airport is located in the north eastern part of Section 1. A number of existing transmission and distribution lines are located within Section 1, with the most significant being the existing 275 kV OHL between Beauly and Knocknagael, the existing 132 kV between Beauly and Farr; and the existing 132 kV OHL between Beauly and Inverness substations. The following wind farms (installed, consented and in planning) are located within this Section:

• Tom nan Clach wind farm; • Moy wind farm (including extension); • Kyllachy wind farm; • Farr wind farm. In addition, two small hydro schemes are located within Section 1; Dochfour Burn Hydro and Allt Killanan hydro.

Section 2: Nairn and Forres South The environmental characteristics of Section 2 are described below, by topic, and the most sensitive features (Table B.1) are illustrated on Figure 3.2a (Annex A).

Ecology Designations There are a number of sites, within Section 2, designated nationally or internationally, for their nature conversation importance. These are listed in Table B.3 below. Table B.3: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 2 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments Designated SAC for the protection of Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Otter and Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera SAC, SSSI River Spey 5,729.481,958.79 margaritifera). Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for Sea lamprey, Atlantic salmon, Otter and Freshwater pearl mussel. Designated SAC for the protection of mixed woodland on base-rich soils associated with rocky Lower slopes. SAC, SSSI Findhorn 181.43, 181.43 Furthermore, this site is a Biological SSSI designated Woods for upland mixed ash woodland, wet woodland, upland oak woodland, Bryophyte assemblage, lichen assemblage and oligotrophic river/stream. Designated SAC and SSSI for the protection of SAC, SSSI Moidach More 929.05929.3 blanket bog. Designated SAC for the protection of Atlantic salt SAC Culbin Bar 612.881 meadows, shifting dunes and coastal shingle vegetation outside the reach of waves.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table B.3: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 2 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments Designated SAC for the protection of western acidic oak woodland. SAC, SSSI Cawdor Wood 161.6, 161.6 Furthermore, this site is designated as a SSSI for upland oak woodland and lichen assemblage This site is an SPA for breeding Common tern (Sterna hirundo) and Osprey (Pandion haliaetus); and non- breeding Bar-tailed godwit (Limosa lapponica), Curlew (Numenius arquata), Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), Greylag goose (Anser anser), Redshank (Tringa totanus), Wigeon (Anas penelope), Inner Moray 2,339.23 Goosander (Mergus merganser), and Teal (Anas SPA, Ramsar Firth 2,339.25 crecca). Furthermore, this area is a designated Ramsar site for non-breeding waterfowl: non-breeding Bar-tailed godwit; non-breeding Redshank; non-breeding Greylag goose; and non-breeding Red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator), saltmarsh, intertidal mudflats and sandflats, sand dune and shingle. This site is an SPA for breeding Osprey, non-breeding Common scoter (Melanitta nigra), non-breeding Long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis), non-breeding Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), non- breeding Bar-tailed godwit, non-breeding Wigeon, non-breeding Pink-footed goose, non-breeding Red- Moray and 2,410.25 breasted merganser, non-breeding Redshank and SPA, Ramsar Nairn Coast 2,412.27 non-breeding Velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca). Furthermore, this area is a designated Ramsar site for, non-breeding Pink-footed goose, non-breeding Greylag goose, non-breeding Waterfowl assemblage, non-breeding Redshank, wet woodland, saltmarsh, intertidal mudflats and sandflats, sand dune and shingle. Loch SPA 21.0 This site is an SPA for breeding Slavonian grebe. Flemington Darnaway and This site is an SPA for breeding Capercaillie (Tetrao SPA 1,828.61 Lethen Forest urogallus). This site is designated for hydromorphological mire Culbin Sands, range, fungi assemblage, lichen assemblage, Culbin Forest SSSI 5,016.02 saltmarsh, invertebrate assemblage, Mesotrophic and Findhorn loch, shingle, sand dunes and vascular plant Bay assemblage. Kildrummie This site is designated for Juniper scrub, open water SSSI 641.83 Kames transition fen and Eutrophic Loch. Whiteness This site is designated for non-breeding Bar-tailed SSSI 401.5 Head godwit, non-breeding Knot (Calidris canutus). SSSI Lethenhill 34.8 This site is designated for fen meadow. Darnaway And The IBA is important for breeding raptors and for IBA 1,828 Lethen Forest breeding Capercaillie.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Section 2 borders the Moray Firth SAC to the North, a designated SAC for the protection of Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). In addition, Findhorn Bay Local Nature Reserve is located in the northern part of the Section. In addition, scattered blocks of Ancient Woodland are located within the Section, covering a significant area to the east (New land of Fleenas Wood and Farnaway Forest) and north east (Culbin Forest).

Landscape and Visual Amenity There are three high sensitivity LCT units located in Section 2; the River Valleys LCT surrounding the River Findhorn; and the Coastal LCTs to the east and west of Nairn. Outside of these three LCTs, the remainder of Section 2 is considered to be of medium sensitivity in terms of landscape character, with the exception of the Coastal Lowlands LCT, along the A96, and the Uplands LCT, to the south of Cawdor Wood. Two SLAs partially lie within Section 2; the Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA is located in the southern part; and the Sutors of Cromarty, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA overlaps with a small part of the north western corner. The Moray Council has identified Areas of Great Landscape Value (AGLV) within the Moray Local Development Plan 2015, which covers the eastern part of Section 2. The River Findhorn AGLV is located in the centre of Section 2 and the Pluscarden AGLV lies in the eastern area of Section 2. The southern boundary of Section 2 borders the Cairngorms National Park, whilst the Cairngorms Mountains National Scenic Area (NSA) lies approximately 15 km to the south. Five GDLs are located within Section 2: Relugas; Brodie Castle; Darnaway Castle; and Cawdor Castle, and Grant Park and Cluny Hill. No WLAs are located within Section 2; however, the Monadhliath WLA is located approximately 6.4 km to the south west of Section 2. The main settlements located within Section 2 are Nairn and Forres with a number of smaller settlements, mainly villages and hamlets, spread across the rest of Section 2. NCR1 passes through the northern part of Section 2. None of Scotland’s great trails pass through Section 2. The A96, the A939 and the A940 are the main roads passing through Section 2. The Aberdeen to Inverness Railway Line passes through the northern part of Section 2.

Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Fifty one Scheduled Monuments are located within Section 2. Fifty nine Category A, and 519 Category B and Category C listed buildings are also located within the Section, with the most significant clusters located at Cawdor castle and Brodie castle. Auldearn registered battlefield lies in the northern part of Section 2. Six conservation areas are located within this Section: Cawdor; Nairn Fishertown, Forres, Findhorn Whitemire and Burghead. No World Heritage Sites are located within Section 2.

Recreation and Tourism There are a number of Core Paths located within Section 2; these are mainly located near its northern boundary, near the Piperhill Distillery. A National Cycle Network Routes enters the Section to the west, near Castletown, running to the north and passing from Dalroy, Regoul and Nairn, parallel with the A96 and A98.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Section 2 includes a number of castles: Brodie Castle, Lochindorb Castle, Castle Findlay, Moyness Castle; and Rait Castle. Ardlach Bell Tower; Dun Evan Fort and Isle of Moy are also important features located within Section 2. The Highland Tourist Route, extending from Inverness to Aberdeen, runs through the Section, from Nairn to Grantown-on-Spey. Culbin Forest lies in the northern part of the Section and contains numerous recreational footpaths. In addition, there are a number of visitor facilities, including museums, golf courses and visitor accommodation, in Nairn.

Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Geology There are five SSSIs within Section 2 which are designated for geological features:

• Boghole, Muckle Burn; • Muckle Burn, Clunas; • Randolph's Leap; • Culbin Sands, Culbin Forest and Findhorn Bay; and • Masonshaugh, Boghole, Muckle Burn; Muckle Burn, Clunas; and Randolphs Leap; are also designated as Geological Conservation Review Sites, along with Clava; Culbin (Coastal Geomorphology of Scotland); Dalcharn; and Allt Odhar. According to BGS 625K geological maps, large areas of peat are located within the Section, covering most of its southern part. Main water bodies within Section 2 include: River Divie, River Nairn, River Findhorn, Allt Dearg, Funtack Burn, Rhilean Burn, Riereach Burn, Leonach Burn, Tomlachan Burn, Muckle Burn and Dorback Burn. There are numerous other small water bodies, tributaries and field drains which are not monitored by SEPA. There are no large areas of flood risk noted within Section 2.

Residential Settlements and Land Use Nairn and Forres are the largest settlements in Section 2, with smaller settlements including , Milltown, Fernes, Ardlach and Pipperhill Culcharry. There are a number of individual dwellings scattered around the Section; however, very few properties are located in the southern area, due to topography. The Dava Way crosses Section 2 from south to north, from Dava, via the eastern side of Knock of Braemory and northwards to Logie and Forres. The area is predominantly comprised of grade 3.3 agricultural land (capable of producing a moderate range of crops), with areas of grade 5.3 (suited to improved grassland and rough grazing) on higher ground to the south.

Other Infrastructure RAF Kinloss airfield is located at the northern part of the Section. A number of existing transmission and distribution lines are located within Section 2, with the most significant being the existing 275 kV OHL between Beauly and Blackhillock, as well as the smaller distribution line connecting to Nairn substation. A number of wind farms (installed, consented and in planning) are located within this Section, as follows:

• Paul's Hill wind farm and Extension;

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

• Berry Burn wind farm; • Cairn Duhie wind farm; • Hill of Glaschyle wind farm; • Meikle Hill wind farm; and • Findhorn Foundation wind turbines. One small hydro scheme is also located within Section 2; Uisge Dubh Hydro.

Section 3: Elgin South The environmental characteristics of Section 3 are described below, by topic, and the most sensitive features (Table B.1) are illustrated on Figure 3.3a (Annex A).

Ecology Designations There are a number of sites, within Section 3, designated nationally or internationally, for their nature conversation importance. These are listed in Table B.4 below. Table B.4: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 3 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments Designated SAC for the protection of Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Otter and Freshwater pearl mussel SAC, SSSI River Spey 5,729.481,958.79 (Margaritifera margaritifera). Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for Sea lamprey, Atlantic salmon, Otter and Freshwater pearl mussel. Designated SAC for the protection of Alder woodland on floodplains and Coastal shingle vegetation outside the reach of waves. Lower River 652.6 Furthermore, Lower River Spey is designated for SAC, SSSI Spey - Spey wet woodland, and River shingle/sand, while Spey 223.6 Bay Bay is also designated for wet woodland, Small blue (Cupido minimus), Dingy skipper (Erynnis tages), Hydromorphological mire range, saltmarsh, shingle and vascular plant assemblage. The area is a designated Ramsar site for non- breeding Greylag goose, open water transition fen and Eutrophic loch. Furthermore, this site is an SPA for non-breeding SPA, Ramsar, 93.62 93.62, Loch Spynie Greylag goose. SSSI 93.6 The area is also a Biological SSSI designated for non-breeding Greylag goose, breeding bird assemblage, wet woodland, fen meadow, open water transition fen and Eutrophic loch. This area is a designated Ramsar site for, non- breeding Pink-footed goose, non-breeding Greylag Moray and 2,410.25 goose, non-breeding Waterfowl assemblage, non- SPA, Ramsar Nairn Coast 2,412.27 breeding Redshank, wet woodland, saltmarsh, intertidal mudflats and sandflats, sand dune and shingle.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table B.4: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 3 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments Furthermore, this site is an SPA for breeding Osprey, non-breeding Common scoter, non- breeding Long-tailed duck, non-breeding Oystercatcher, non-breeding Bar-tailed godwit, non-breeding Wigeon, non-breeding Pink-footed goose, non-breeding Red-breasted merganser, non-breeding Redshank and non-breeding Velvet scoter. Buinach and This site is designated for upland oak woodland, SSSI 96.0 Glenlatterach upland birch woodland and lowland dry heath. Burn of SSSI 21.4 This site is designated for wet woodland. Ballintomb Coleburn SSSI 11.1 This site is designated for lowland acid grassland. Pasture This site is designated for hydromorphological mire Culbin Sands, range, fungi assemblage, lichen assemblage, Culbin Forest SSSI 5,016.02 saltmarsh, invertebrate assemblage, Mesotrophic and Findhorn loch, shingle, sand dunes and vascular plant Bay assemblage. SSSI Gull Nest 255.2 This site is designated for blanket bog. Kellas SSSI Oakwood 25.9 This site is designated for upland oak woodland. Lower This site is designated for wet woodland, upland SSSI Strathavon 293.5 oak woodland and upland birch woodland. Woodlands SSSI Loch Oire 8.71 This site is designated for Mesotrophic loch. SSSI Quarry Wood 22.3 This site is designated for upland oak woodland. The IBA is important for both breeding and IBA Loch Oire 0.36 wintering waterbirds. This site is important for wintering wildfowl. Anser IBA Loch Spynie 93.60 anser are from the Icelandic breeding population.

Section 3 borders the Moray Firth SAC to the north, a designated SAC for the protection of Bottlenose dolphin. Scattered blocks of Ancient Woodland are located within the Section, covering significant areas at the northeast and east and at Monaughty/ Heldon Woods.

Landscape and Visual Amenity There are three LCT units of high sensitivity located in Section 3. These units are all part of the Coastal LCT located along the northern edge of Section 3. Two large areas of Section 3 are of low landscape character sensitivity, comprised of the Coastal Lowlands LCT and the Uplands LCT. The remainder of the LCTs within Section 3 are of medium sensitivity. Section 3 borders the Cairngorms National Park along the southern edge. The Pluscarden AGLV is located within the western part of Section 3, covering the area of Hill of the Wangie, and the Speyside AGLV is located within the Spey valley and extends across the summit of Ben Rinnes, within Section 3. There are no WLAs located within, or in proximity to, Section 3.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Four GDLs are located within Section 3: Gordonstoun (Bog O' Plewlands); Innes House; Gordon Castle (Bog Of Gight), Pluscarden Abbey (Priory) The main settlement located within Section 3 is Elgin, with Keith also located to the east and Buckie to the north, whilst a number of smaller settlements, are also spread across the northern part of Section 3. NCR1 passes through the northern area of Section 3, whilst the Speyside Way runs from south to north along the Spey valley. The A96 and the A941 are the main roads running through Section 3, whilst the Aberdeen to Inverness Railway Line passes through the north of Section 3.

Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Forty-two Scheduled Ancient Monuments are scattered around the Section, with most of them located in the northern part. Ninety-seven Category A, and 902 Category B and Category C listed buildings are located within the Section with clusters located at the main settlements of Elgin and Charlestown of Aberlour. Nine conservation areas are located within this Section: Elgin High Street; Elgin South; Buckie Yardie, Garmouth; Kingston; Keith Mid Street; Keith Fife Keith; Fochabers; and Archiestown.

Recreation and Tourism A number of Core Paths are located within Section 3 located around Elgin, Hopeman and Lossiemouth, and at Rothes and Charlestown of Aberlour. National Cycle Network Route 1 runs through the Section, from Elgin towards Buckie. Section 3 includes a number of castles: Burgie Castle & Dovecot; Blervie Castle; Asliesk Castle; Duffus Castle; Rothes Castle; and Elgin Castle. A number of distilleries are located within and near Elgin. Further visitor facilities include Sculptor’s cave, Coxton Tower, the Elgin Museum, the ruins of , Johnstons of Elgin Cashmere Visitor Centre.

Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Geology There are twelve SSSIs within Section 3 which are designated for geological features:

• Clashach – Covesea; • Cutties Hillock; • Dipple Brae; • Findrassie; • Lossiemouth East Quarry; • Lossiemouth Shore; • Masonshaugh; • Scaat Craig; • Spynie Quarry; • Teindland Quarry; and • Tynet Burn • Lower River Spey - Spey Bay.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

All of the above SSSIs are also designated as Geological Conservation Review Sites, along with Clashach Quarry. According to BGS 1:625K geological maps, large areas of peat are located within Section 3, mainly in the south western part. Main water bodies within Section 3 include: River Avon, River Divie, River Fiddich, River Spey, River Lossie, Allt a Gheallaidh, Allt Arder, Burn of Mosset, Black Burn, Red Burn, Congmorn Burn, Burn of Rothes, Leanoch Burn, Burn of Tulchan, Burn of the Cowlatt, Spynie Canal, Innes Canal and Muckle Burn. There are no large areas of flood risk located within Section 3.

Residential Settlements and Land Use Section 3 includes a number of large settlements, including Elgin, Lossiemouth, Buckie, Rothes, Charlestown of Aberlour and Dufftown, and a few smaller settlements such as Fochabers, Coltfield, Duffus, Dallas, Rafford, Archiestown, Robertstown and Beachams. There are a number of smaller settlements and individual dwellings scattered around the Section. The Section is predominantly comprised of grade 3.3 agricultural land (capable of producing a moderate range of crops), with areas of grade 5.3 (suited to improved grassland and rough grazing) on higher ground to the south and areas of grade 1.4 (capable of producing a wide range of crops) to the north.

Other Infrastructure RAF Lossiemouth airfield is located at the northern part of the Section. Nether Dallachy Landfill Site is located at the north eastern part of the Section, west of Buckie. A number of existing transmission and distribution lines are located within Section 3, with the most significant being the existing 275 kV OHL between Beauly and Blackhillock, as well as smaller voltage distribution lines connecting to Elgin substation. A number of wind farms (installed, consented and in planning) are located within this Section as follows:

• Paul’s Hill wind farm; • Hunthill wind farm; • Rothes Wind (Cairn Uish); • Rothes Wind Farm (Extension); • Kellas Wind Farm; • Hill of Towie (Drummuir) and Hill of Towie II wind farms; • Bodinfinnoch wind farm; • Bognie Farm Wind Turbine; and • Aultmore wind farm. In addition, a number of other renewable energy schemes are located within Section 3, comprising two anaerobic digestion schemes at Dailuaine Distillery and the Milltown Airfield AD Plant (Farm AD) and two biomass power schemes: Speyside Biomass CHP Plant; and Rothes Bio-Plant.

Section 4: Huntly South West The environmental characteristics of Section 4 are described below, by topic, and the most sensitive features (Table B.1) are illustrated on Figure 3.4a (Annex A).

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Ecology Designations There are a number of sites, within Section 4, designated nationally or internationally, for their nature conversation importance. These are listed in Table B.5 below. Table B.5: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 4 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments Designated SAC for the protection of Sea lamprey, Atlantic salmon, Otter and Freshwater pearl 5,729.48 mussel. SAC, SSSI River Spey 1,958.79 Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for Sea lamprey, Atlantic salmon, Otter and Freshwater pearl mussel. Designated SAC for the protection of Base-rich fens. SAC, SSSI Mortlach Moss 12.0212.02 Furthermore the area is a Biological SSSI designated for Basin fen. Designated SAC for the protection of blanket bog, juniper on heaths or calcareous grasslands, dry heaths, grasslands on soils rich in heavy metals, alpine and subalpine heaths and Marsh saxifrage 1,885.92 SAC, SSSI Hill of Towanreef (Saxifraga hirculus). 1,885.9 Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for Calaminarian grassland and serpentine heath, upland assemblage, vascular plant assemblage and Marsh saxifrage (Saxifraga hirculus). This site is an SPA for breeding Common gull (Larus Tips of Corsemaul canus). SPA, SSSI 83.71 83.7 and Tom Mor Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for breeding Common gull. SSSI Bochel Wood 197.9 This site is designated for upland birch woodland. SSSI Craigs of Succoth 220.35 This site is designated for subalpine flushes. This site is designated for upland birch woodland SSSI Den of Pitlurg 39.4 and valley fen. SSSI Moss of Kirkhill 19.6 This site is designated for basin fen. SSSI Mill Wood 8.06 This site is designated for upland birch woodland. This site is designated for wet woodland, small blue, dingy skipper, Hydromorphological mire SSSI Spey Bay 458.8 range, saltmarsh, shingle and vascular plant assemblage. This site is designated for lowland acid grassland, SSSI Whitehill 66.0 lowland calcareous grassland, fen meadow, valley fen and lowland neutral grassland. SSSI Correen Hills 266.3 This site is designated for breeding Common gull. IBA Correen Hills 273.50 The IBA supports several species of breeding gulls. The IBA supports a number of breeding moorland IBA Bluemill 6.94 and grassland species.

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Table B.5: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 4 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments The IBA supports breeding waders and other IBA Cromdale Hills 1,985 upland birds. Tips Of Corsemaul The site holds 22,500 pairs of breeding waterbirds IBA 311 And Tom Mor on a regular basis.

Scattered blocks of Ancient Woodland are located within this Section, including in the north west (Wood of Ordiequish, Ben Aigan) and east (The Bin Forest).

Landscape and Visual Amenity There is one LCT of high sensitivity located in Section 4; the Straths and Valleys LCT of the River Don lies within the south eastern corner. In addition, high sensitivity areas within overall medium sensitivity LCTs have been identified, namely the summits of Tap o’ Noth and The Buck. There are two LCTs of low sensitivity; the Coastal Lowlands LCT to the north and the Agricultural Heartlands LCT to the south west of Huntly. The remainder of Section 4 is assessed as being of medium sensitivity. Aberdeenshire Council has previously identified Areas of Landscape Significance (ALS) within its former Local Plan (2006). The current adopted Aberdeenshire Local Development Plan (June 2012) does not identify any forms of local landscape designation; however, ALS have been considered here as they remain an indicator of those landscapes within Aberdeenshire that are of higher sensitivity to development. The Speyside AGLV covers much of the south western part of Section 4. The former Upper River Deveron ALS extends north east from the AGLV towards Huntly, whilst the former Upper Rivers Don and Bogie ALS extends to the south east from the boundary of the AGLV. The Cairngorms National Park forms the southern boundary of Section 4. There are no WLAs within, or in proximity to, Section 4. There are two GDLs located within Section 4; Kildrummy Castle to the south east and Leith Hall to the east. The main settlements located within Section 4 are Keith and Huntly, whilst a number of smaller settlements, mainly villages and hamlets, are also spread across Section 4, mainly in the northern area. NCR1 passes through the northern area of Section 4. There are a number of ‘A’ class roads running through Section 4, including the A96 and the A98. The Aberdeen to Inverness Railway Line passes through the north of Section 4.

Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Fifty six Scheduled Monuments are scattered around the Section, with most of them located at the east and south east. Eighteen Category A and 242 Category B Category C listed buildings are located within the Section, with clusters located at the major settlements (Keith and Huntly) and at Drumuir castle. Glenlivet registered battlefield is included in the Section, in the south west. One conservation area is located within this Section: Huntly.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Recreation and Tourism A number of core paths are scattered around Section 4; located near its western and northern boundaries, around Keith and at Glen Fiddich. The Section includes a number of castles: Auchindoun Castle, Cauldwell Castle, Deskie Castle, Kildrummy Castle and Balvenie Castle. Milton Tower and Tap o’ Noth Fort are also located within Section 4. The Section includes a number of distilleries, including the Strathisla Distillery at Keith and the Glenfiddich Distillery near Dufftown. Numerous visitor facilities, including hotels, guest houses, B&Bs, self-catering cottages are located around Keith.

Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Geology There are three SSSIs within Section 4 which are designated for geological features:

• Rhynie Chert; • Bin Quarry; and • Hill of Johnston. The first two of the above SSSIs are also designated as Geological Conservation Review Sites, along with: Binhill Quarry, Hill of Creagdearg; Rhynie; Black Water; Auchindoun Castle. According to BGS 625K geological maps, large areas of peat are located within the Section, mainly covering areas to the north and south. Main water bodies within Section 4 include: River Avon, River Don, River Isla, River Fiddich, River Deveron, River Livet, Allt Deveron, Dullan Water, Kirkney Water, Black Water, Burn of Aultmore, Water of Bogie, Burn of Braco, Burn of Paithnick, Burn of Aultmore, Burn of Cairnie, Kindle Burn and Clashnarae Burn. There are no large areas of flood risk located within Section 4.

Residential Settlements and Land Use Section 4 includes one major settlement, Huntly, and a few small settlements including, Fochabers, Kirkhill and Milton of Lesmore. There are a number of smaller settlements and individual dwellings scattered around the Section. The area is predominantly comprised of grade 3.1 agricultural land (capable of producing a moderate range of crops), with areas of grade 5.3 (suited to improved grassland and rough grazing) on higher ground to the south.

Other Infrastructure A number of existing transmission and distribution lines are located within Section 4, with the most significant being the existing 275 kV OHLs between Beauly and Blackhillock and between Blackhillock and Kintore. In addition, there are smaller voltage distribution lines connecting to Keith and other smaller settlements. A large number of wind farms and individual wind turbines (installed, consented and in planning) are located within this Section. The most extensive of these are:

• Upper Wheedlemont Farm; • Dorenell Wind Farm (Previously Site A and B Scaut Hill ); • Clashindarroch 2 (Revised); • Kemps Hill;

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

• Mains Of Collithie; • Bailiesward Farm Wind Turbine; • Cairnborrow – resubmission; • Midtown of Glass Wind Turbine; • Meikleton Wind Farm; • Heatheryfield Farm wind turbine; • Coachford Farm Wind Turbines; • Edintore Wind Farm; • Ardoch Farm (Mulben); • Easter Auldtown Wind Turbine; • Balnamoon Farm; • Myreton; • Myreton Crossroads; • Netherton of Windyhills; and • Netherton Of Windyhills (extension).

Section 5: Kintore North The environmental characteristics of Section 5 are described below, by topic, and the most sensitive features (Table B.1) are illustrated on Figure 3.5a (Annex A).

Ecology Designations There are a number of sites, within Section 5, designated nationally or internationally, for their nature conversation importance. These are listed in Table B.6 below. Table B.6: Designated Sites for Nature Conservation – Section 5 Designation Name Area (ha) Comments The area is a designated Ramsar site and an SPA for non-breeding Greylag goose. 120.89 SPA, Ramsar, Loch of Skene 120.9 Furthermore the area is a SSSI designated for non- SSSI 120.9 breeding Pink-footed goose, non-breeding Goldeneye, non-breeding Greylag goose and non- breeding Common gull (Larus canus). SSSI Paradise Wood 30.4 This site is designated for upland oak woodland. SSSI Tilliefoure Wood 25.2 This site is designated for upland oak woodland. SSSI Wartle Moss 62.6 This site is designated for basin fen.

The site is important for large numbers of wintering wildfowl, and is also nationally important for IBA Loch Of Skene 120.89 breeding Aythya fuligula (100 pairs, 1992, 1%) and for wintering Cygnus olor (310 birds, 1%). Greylag goose are from the Icelandic breeding population.

Scattered blocks of Ancient Woodland are located within the Section, covering significant areas at the south.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Landscape and Visual Amenity There are two high sensitivity LCTs located within Section 5; the River Valleys LCT to the north east encompassing the River Deveron and River Ythan valleys and the Straths and Valleys LCT of the River Don in the south of the Section. In addition, one high sensitivity area within an overall medium sensitivity LCT has been identified, namely the area of Bennachie. Much of the northern and eastern extents of the Section are of Low sensitivity whilst the west is mainly of Medium sensitivity. The former Lower River Deveron ALS partially overlaps with the northern part of Section 5, whilst the former Upper Rivers Don and Bogie ALS overlaps with the south western part of Section 5 and adjoins the former Bennachie ALS which covers a large area of the south of Section 5. The Cairngorms National Park is located approximately 1.3 km south west. There are twelve GDLs located within the Section: Castle Forbes, Fyvie Castle, Williamston House, Newton House (Aberdeenshire), Keith Hall, Balbithan House, Monymusk, Castle Fraser, Craigievar Castle, Dunecht House, Cluny Castle and Hatton Castle. The main settlements located within Section 5 are Inverurie, Oldmeldrum, Alford, Kintore and Kemnay, whilst a number of smaller settlements, including Monymusk, Sauchen, Insch, Auchleven and Keig also lie within Section 5. There are no National Cycle Routes or Great Trails within Section 5. There are a number of ‘A’ class roads running through Section 5, including the A96, the A97 and the A920. The Aberdeen to Inverness Railway Line passes through Section 5 from the south east to the north west.

Archaeology and Cultural Heritage One hundred and forty Scheduled Monuments are scattered throughout Section 5, predominantly located to the east and south east. Forty two Category A, and 549 Category B and Category C listed buildings, are located within the Section with clusters observed at the major settlements (Inverurie, Alford). Three registered battlefields are located within Section 5: Alford Battlefield to the west and Harlaw and Barra registered battlefields, to the east. In addition, three conservation areas are located within Section 5: Garlogie; Oldmeldrum; and Monymusk.

Recreation and Tourism A number of Core Paths are located throughout Section 5, with the main clusters located near its south eastern boundary, around Inverurie. The Section includes a number of distilleries, including Glen Garioch Distillery at Oldmeldrum. Numerous visitor facilities, including museums, accommodation, a country park and a golf course, are located around Alford. The Section includes a number of castles: Balquhain Castle, Conzie Castle and Doocot, Castle of Hallforest, Maiden Castle, Cluny Castle, Castle Fraser, Mounie Castle and Asloun Castle. The Bass and Little Bass, motte-and-bailey castle; the Brandesbutt Stone; and St Finian's Chapel are also located within Section 5.

Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Geology There are three geological SSSI within Section 5:

• Hill of Barra;

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• Pitcaple and Legatsden Quarries; and • Pittodrie. All of the above SSSIs are also designated as Geological Conservation Review Sites, along with Craig Hill. According to BGS 625K geological maps, a few areas of peat are located within the Section, covering small areas in the central and southern parts. Main water bodies within Section 5 include: River Bogie; River Deveron; River Don; River Isla; River Urie; River Ythan; Gadie Burn; Kirkney Water; Water of Bogie; and Leuchar Burn. There are no large areas of flood risk located within Section 5.

Residential Settlements and Land Use Section 5 includes two major settlements, Inverurie Oldmeldrum, Alford, Kintore and Kemnay, as well as a few smaller settlements including Monymusk, Sauchen, Insch, Auchleven and Keig. There are a number of smaller settlements and individual dwellings scattered around the Section. The area is predominantly comprised of grade 3.1 agricultural land (capable of producing a moderate range of crops).

Other Infrastructure Aberdeen airport is located immediately east of the study area, and the 4 km buffer applied around the airport extends to just inside the south east corner of Section 5. A number of existing transmission and distribution lines are located within Section 5, with the most significant being the existing 275 kV OHLs between Blackhillock and Kintore, passing through Inverurie and connecting into the existing Kintore substation. A large number of wind farms and individual wind turbines (installed, consented and in planning) are located within this Section. The most extensive of these are:

• Stony Hill wind farm; and • Gordonstown Hill wind farm. Numerous individual wind turbines are scattered throughout the Section, with the largest numbers located in the northern half of the Section. Three solar farms are also located within Section 5: Guise Farm; Inverurie Academy; and Mackies Dairy PV, along with a small hydroscheme (Stoneywood Mill Hydro Scheme) and an anaerobic digestion scheme (Gask (Waste AD)).

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table B.7: Environmental Data Sources Feature Abb Source Digitised from OS vector mapping and aerial Airports (including runways) - photography Ancient Woodland Inventory AW SNH Areas of Great Landscape Value AGLV Moray Council Former Areas of Landscape Significance ALS Aberdeenshire Council Conservation Areas CA Historic Scotland Core Paths - THC, Moray and Aberdeenshire Councils CAWL Core Areas of Wild Land Character SNH C Cycle Routes - SUSTRANS Existing Transmission Infrastructure - SHE Transmission Flood Risk Zones FRZ SEPA online flood mapping Geological Conservation Review Sites SNH Gardens and Designated Landscapes G&DL Historic Scotland Hydrogeology - BGS (online) Important Bird Areas IBA RSPB Land Capability for Agriculture LCA MacAulay Institute Landfills - SEPA Landscape Character Types LCT SNH Listed Buildings LB Historic Scotland Local Nature Reserves LNR SNH Nature Conservation Marine Protected SNH Area Marine Draft Special Protection Area SNH National Nature Reserves NNR SNH National Tourist Routes - VisitScotland National Scenic Areas NSA Scottish Government OS Maps 1-250k - OS Open Data OS Maps 1-50k - SHE Transmission RAMS Ramsar Sites SNH AR Registered Battlefields - Historic Scotland Residential Settlements and housing Scottish Government, THC, Moray and - allocation areas Aberdeenshire Councils RSPB Reserves - RSPB Scheduled Ancient Monuments SAM Historic Scotland

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Table B.7: Environmental Data Sources Feature Abb Source SEPA Assessed Watercourses - SEPA online river basin management plan mapping Sites of Special Scientific Interest SSSI SNH Special Area of Conservation SAC SNH Special Landscape Areas SLA THC Special Protection Areas SPA SNH Substation locations - SHE Transmission Watercourses - SEPA Wind farms - SNH and SHE Transmission

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

ANNEX C: POTENTIAL TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE RATIONALISATION AND EFFICIENCY OPPORTUNITIES

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report Potential Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities

Existing Network

Inverness Nairn Elgin Keith Beauly

Dallas Blackhillock Peterhead Knocknagael Berryburn

Farr

Foyers Persley Boat of Glenfarclas Kintore Garten

132kV 275kV Potential Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities

Current & Proposed Projects

Inverness Nairn Elgin Keith Beauly

Blackhillock Berryburn Dallas Peterhead Rothienorman Knocknagael

New Farr Deer Tomatin Foyers Aberlour Persley Boat of Glenfarclas Kintore Overhead Underground Garten 132kV 275kV Dismantle

Beauly – Blackhillock – Kintore: reconductor existing 275kV line with higher capacity conductor New Deer substation – to establish a connection point for Moray Offshore Windfarm

East Coast Reinforcement Phase I: establish Rothienorman S/S, reconductor Rotheinorman – Kintore with higher capacity conductor Deviate existing 275kV lines out of Keith S/S and replace with 275kV underground cable

Knocknagael–Tomatin: erect new 275kV OHL & establish new 275kV S/S at Tomatin. Connect ex Beauly – Far 132kV line to Knocknagael. Dismantle existing Knocknagael - Farr 132kV line.

Blackhillock – Aberlour: erect new 275kV line & establish new 275kV substation at/near Aberlour. Dismantle existing Keith – Aberlour 132kV line Potential Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities

East of Beauly Option 1

Inverness Nairn Elgin Near Elgin Keith Beauly Near Nairn Dallas Blackhillock Peterhead Rothienorman Knocknagael Berryburn New Farr Deer Tomatin Foyers Aberlour Persley Boat of Glenfarclas Kintore Overhead Underground Garten 132kV 275kV All potential rationalisations/efficiencies will require 400kV network studies to confirm details Dismantle

East Coast Reinforcement Phase II: reconductor & uprate existing OHL to 400kV operation, extend Kintore & Peterhead for 400kV operation

East of Beauly Option 1: erect new 400kV OHL approximately parallel to the existing 132kV line. Establish new 400kV substations near Nairn and Elgin & connect sections of the existing 132kV line to supply the existing substations. Erect new 400kV line between Blackhillock & Kinore. Dismantle the remainder of the Beauly – Keith 132kV line, dismantle Beauly – Knocknagael 132kV line. Potential Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities

East of Beauly Option 2

Inverness Nairn Elgin Keith Beauly Slackbuie

Berryburn Dallas Blackhillock Peterhead Rothienorman Knocknagael

New Farr Deer Tomatin Foyers Aberlour Persley Boat of Glenfarclas Overhead Underground Kintore 132kV Garten 275kV 400kV All potential rationalisations/efficiencies will require Dismantle network studies to confirm details

East Coast Reinforcement Phase II: reconductor & uprate existing OHL to 400kV operation, extend Kintore and Peterhead for 400kV Operation

East of Beauly Option 2: erect new 400kV OHL approximately following and to the west and south of the existing Beauly – Blackhillock 275kV line. Erect new 400kV line between Blackhillock & Kintore Underground the first span(s) of Foyers and Tomatin lines to avoid 400/275kV crossing. Install 132kV cables between Knocknagael & Slackbuie Dismantle Beauly – Inverness 132kV line, dismantle Beauly – Knocknagael 132kV line. Potential Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities

East of Beauly Option 3

Inverness Nairn Elgin Keith Beauly Slackbuie

Dallas Blackhillock Peterhead Rothienorman Knocknagael Berryburn New Farr Aberlour Deer Tomatin

Foyers Persley Overhead Underground Boat of Glenfarclas Kintore 132kV Garten 275kV All potential rationalisations/efficiencies will require 400kV network studies to confirm details Dismantle

East Coast Reinforcement Phase II: reconductor & uprate existing OHL to 400kV operation, extend Kintore and Peterhead for400kV operation

East of Beauly Option 3: erect new 400kV OHL approx. parallel with the existing Beauly – Knocknagael 132kV line and connect to and uprate the existing Tomatin line and Tomatin S/S to 400kV operation. Erect new 400kV line between Tomatin & Aberlour. (There is potential for Aberlour substation to be at Glenfarclas). Erect new 400kV line between Aberlour & Kintore Underground the first span(s) of Foyers line to avoid 400/275kV crossing operation. Upgrade existing Aberlour – Glenfarclas line to double circuit 132kV. Install 132kV cables between Knocknagael & Slackbuie Dismantle Beauly – Inverness 132kV line, dismantle Beauly – Knocknagael 132kV line, dismantle Boat of Garten – Glenfarclas line.

ANNEX D: ASSESSMENT OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER TYPES

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENTS (LCA) REFERENCED: Abbreviation LANDSCAPE Individual Landscape Character Units No 37 National programme of landscape character assessment: Banff and Buchan B&B LCA_SCOT_ Unique identifier taken from the SNH LCA 2010 shapefile No 75 Cairngorms landscape assessment CNG LCA The Landscape Character Assessment that was referenced No 90 Inner Moray Firth landscape character assessment IMF KEY CHARCTERISTICS Key Characteristic either as identified within the LCAs or as extracted from the overall descriptions within the No 101 Moray and Nairn landscape assessment M&N LCAs No 102 South and Central Aberdeenshire: landscape character assessment SCA GENERALISED Sensitivity and reasoning as assigned by ENVIRON based on the information contained within the LCAs and No 114 Inverness District landscape character assessment INV SENSITIVITY relevant mapping

Landscape Character Boundaries are referenced from the SNH Landscape Character Assessment shapefile, 2010. Text in italics is referenced directly from the relevant Landscape Character Assessment.

The sensitivity of the constituent landscape character types to change (which is defined as high, medium or low) are based on the criteria in sections 3.26: 5.39 to 5.43 of the GLVIA and the following parameters:

 the demonstrable value placed on the landscape, which includes the sensitivity of formal landscape designations (subject to verification);  landscape quality;  existing land‐use;  the pattern and scale of the landscape;  visual enclosure/openness of views and distribution of visual receptors;  the scope for mitigation, which would be in character with the existing landscape; and  the degree to which the particular element or characteristic contribution to the landscape character and can be replaced or substituted.

LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED Agricultural Heartland ‐ 5181 B&B  Large, broad agricultural plains; Medium Low due to the large scale, gently undulating landform with shelterbelts on the hill ridges Agricultural Heartland  Gently rolling landform; and the well settled agricultural character of the landscape with long distance views  Open views; provided in some locations. None of this LCT is covered by a local landscape designation  Frequent scattering of broad‐leaved trees in shelterbelts along hill‐ridges, around within the study area, with a number of small areas outwith the study area covered by the farms and, more occasionally, in small coniferous blocks; former Banff and Buchan ALS and the former Formartine ALS.  Variety of field boundaries, including fence‐lines, beech and thorn hedges to the south and east, and the occasional stone walls and consumption dykes to the north near Strichen; and  Well settled. Agricultural Heartland ‐ 5728 B&B  Dominance of agriculture; Medium Medium due to the combination of the undulating form of the landscape with the open Upland Ridges South of  Convex slopes of hill ridges; nature which contains expansive views and the regular pattern of the agricultural the Deveron  Sparse tree cover; and landscape, in which vertical features are not uncommon due to the presence of wind  Windfarms of 3‐5 turbines located on the tops of hills. turbines and existing pylon lines. None of this LCT unit is covered by a current landscape designation, although part of the northern extent is covered by the former Formartine ALS. 6195 B&B Medium Medium due to the combination of the undulating form of the landscape with the open nature which contains expansive views and the regular pattern of the agricultural , in which vertical features are not uncommon due to the presence of wind turbines and masts. River Valleys ‐ Deveron 5083 B&B  River valley from bounded by agricultural fields; High Generally High due to the enclosed and small scale of this landscape, with valley sides, and Upper Ythan Valleys  Castles and mansion houses with associated designed landscapes and policy planting; woodland blocks and rivers forming the dominant visual elements. The linear, incised form  Mixed deciduous and coniferous woodlands tend to respond to the landform; and and scale of the landscape is susceptible to the introduction of large scale vertical elements  Well settled with farm steads scattered across the upper slopes of the valleys and that span the valley or run along its length. The greatest sensitivity in this LCT occurs to the larger settlements located on the valley floors. north and west of Turriff, due to the qualities of the River Deveron Valley, including the deciduous trees; river side trees; beech hedging and views along the river. This area is coincident with what was historically identified as an Area of Landscape Significance. A further area of high sensitivity also occurs in the southernmost part of the LCT, in the vicinity of Rothienorman, where the topography steepens along the alignment of Black Burn and Fordoun Burn resulting in a sense of enclosure and a small scale landscape. Localised areas of reduced sensitivity are present, in locations south of Turriff which are typified by a larger scale gently undulating landscape and which have more intensively farmed character. LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED Cairngorm Straths ‐ 6196 CNG  Predominantly agricultural, raised straths bounded to the east by the rolling, smooth Medium Medium due to the generally medium scale, enclosed character of the landscape which Glenlivet heather clad foothills of the Ladder Hills; exhibits a strong simple pattern and contains areas of forestry which could provide  The straths comprise broad, gently undulating glens with a strong sinuous character, consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit is also completely resulting from a series of long rounded interlocking spurs; covered by the Speyside AGLV.  Small side valleys give these straths a greater apparent width;  Ben Rinnes is a strong feature in views from the area;  Large‐scale regular sized fields of predominantly improved pasture with small areas of arable farming are interspersed with small‐scale geometric coniferous plantations to create a strong and simple pattern;  Dense pockets of mixed deciduous woodland occur along the numerous burns which dissect the straths, creating a more irregular and naturalistic pattern which contrasts with the geometry of the surrounding pastures and plantations;  On the upper slopes, angular fields of improved pasture, often enclosed by stone dykes, abut open heather‐clad hill tops and isolated coniferous plantations;  The more diverse patterns of the strath floors and lower slopes contrast strongly with the simple shape and vegetation cover of the upper slopes and hill tops;  Traditional farmsteads and occasional large stone houses are scattered and well integrated throughout the foothills and strath floor, often enclosed by stands of mixed or deciduous woodland;  A number of distilleries are associated with the Livet and include the incongruously designed buildings of Glenlivet and Tomnavoulin;  The planned village of Tomintoul sits on the high and exposed, ridge line lying between Conglass Water and the River Avon, amongst open moors and the low rounded hills bounding the strath; and  The influence of man is more noticeable in this area, with the A939 and power lines forming strong linear features in the landscape. Cairngorm Straths ‐ 6012 CNG  The lower Spey is contained within a confined, relatively narrow, deep and winding Medium Medium due to the enclosed, medium scale of the landscape with views that are restricted Lower Spey glen, which wraps around the rounded, wooded Hill of Phones; to within the glen by the landform and the shelterbelts and woodlands, all of which could  The glen of the Lower Spey forms an undulating floor, merging with the hill slopes offer potential mitigation. The northeastern part of this LCT unit is covered by the Speyside which contain it; AGLV.  The more enclosed nature of the landform is accentuated by the strong pattern of shelterbelts and woodlands, some of these geometrically shaped, which partially contain irregularly shaped, rolling fields of improved pasture and arable land which lie on the glen floor and lower valley sides;  Settlement in the area contributes to the rich diversity of the landscape, with isolated traditional houses and farmsteads nestling on the fringes of woodland or, in some instances, set within policy woodland and parkland;  The planned settlements of Grantown on Spey and Aberlour sit as if 'rooted' within the landscape, contained and partially screened by mixed woodlands, many of these comprising specimen conifers;  A number of distilleries are aligned close to the Spey and these are foci in the landscape; and  The landscape has a visually diverse vegetation cover:  broadleaved woodlands extend onto the lower hill slopes to merge with more extensive coniferous plantations;  native pine and the rich autumn colours of ornamental trees within policy woodlands provide visual accents;  patterns of green and yellow pastures, some enclosed by stone dykes and shelterbelts, contrast with the coarser textures of unimproved pastures and duller hues of open grass and heather moorland on hill tops. Cairngorm Straths ‐ 6207 CNG  Strath Avon forms an enclosed, upland glen; Medium Medium due to the enclosed, medium to small scale character of the landscape which Strath Avon  The glen has an undulating floor which merges with the lower hill slopes containing it; contains large amounts of woodland and forestry which could provide consequent potential  Small areas of flatter land occur close to the narrow, winding channel of the river and for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit is mostly covered by the Speyside AGLV. the smooth steep slopes of glacial raised river terraces, occasionally feature in these areas;  Mature deciduous and mixed woodlands are a distinctive feature of the landscape, LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED aligning the Avon, snaking up burn sides on the hill slopes and forming small copses and woodlands;  Coniferous plantations tend to dominate the eastern hill slopes and the geometric margins and inappropriate scale of some of these plantations can be intrusive;  The land use of the lower valley floor is predominantly agricultural with gently undulating, irregularly shaped areas of rough grazing and arable land, contrasting with the open heather and grass moor of the higher slopes, both in terms of colour and texture;  Well maintained stone dykes form many of the field boundaries and often enclose the scattered traditional properties and farmsteads and their associated woodland/trees which tend to be located on the upper margins of the cultivated valley floor; and  Towards the northern end of the strath, the landscape reflects the strong sense of history of the area, with archaeological landforms such as the geometric, mounded hill of Ring Cairns and the Tower at Drumin. Uplands and Glens ‐ 5988 CNG  This area is characterised by a range of hills, up to 600 metres high, rising up from the High High due to the vast, exposed, open, remote and simple nature of the landscape with long Strathdearn Hills wide valley of the River Spey; distant views and an absence of major communications. A large part of this LCT unit is also  These hills have long, shallow slopes, broad smoothed ridges and rounded peaks covered by the Dava Moors SLA. which rise to similar heights;  The smoothness of the terrain and sinuous shape of the hills, is broken in places by rocky outcrops which create uneven ridgelines and by small patches of scree and boulders, which punctuate the generally even hill slopes;  A pattern of broad glens cut into the hills on a north/south alignment, creating intriguing views through, into the interior landscape of the area, from Strathspey;  The area includes the expansive elevated moor of the Dava, to the west;  The hilltops and their upper slopes are covered with heather moor, and this smooth blanket emphasises the rounded, evenness of the landform;  The smoothness is disrupted in places by pockets of native pine and by muir burning which creates irregular, and often geometric patterns of grey and purple/brown ground cover;  The lower hill slopes and valleys comprise areas of rough grass and isolated, bright green fields of semi‐improved pasture, which contrast with the muted tones of the surrounding vegetation;  Coniferous plantations generally occur on the lower hill slopes, although these are not extensive, and natural regeneration of Scots pine is a feature on Dava Moor.  Fragmented broadleaved woodlands are located next to farmsteads and on the fringes of water bodies;  The area has a remote feel derived from the sparse distribution of farmsteads and the 'marginal' appearance of much of the farmland, where fields of improved pasture are small and often encroached by rushes; and  The ruined castle on Lochindorb and the absence of major communications within the area, accentuate this feeling of remoteness. Uplands and Glens ‐ The 5918 CNG  This extensive area forms foothills to the north and east of the Central Massif, and is High High due to a combination of the landscapes large scale, openness, elevated nature and North‐Eastern Hills incised by Strathdon, Strathavon, Glenlivet and edged by Deeside; simplicity, in which the proposed development would be likely to be a highly visible feature.  The hills are characterised by their relatively low and rounded summits, gentle slopes The Speyside AGLV covers much of this LCT unit and Ben Rinnes is also located within this and long, smooth interlocking spurs; landscape and is a key landform within the wider landscape.  Small burns lightly incise the hillsides and drain into rivers which flow within undulating valley floors, and these are often more deeply cut into the hills;  The upper slopes of the hills are predominately covered by heather moorland which forms an even, low‐growing blanket and which emphasises the smoothness of the topography;  In some areas, muir burning creates a distinctive pattern on the landscape. Large areas of peat hags also occur on the upper, shallow slopes;  Although these hills generally have an open character, in places stands of native pine and birch pepper the hill slopes and small broadleaved woodlands colonise a few of the more sheltered valleys;  The lower slopes and wetter, flatter areas along the valley floors are covered by rough LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED grass and moss;  Coniferous plantations are generally small‐scale and many form geometric blocks which are poorly integrated with the rolling character of the hills;  Settlement is sparse, being confined to the valley floors and lower slopes. The majority of properties are of a traditional character, although inappropriately designed, modern housing on the periphery of Nethy Bridge is intrusive;  Built development is limited to the numerous access tracks, which scar the hills in many areas and the Lecht ski area, which is generally well contained within a small glen, but where nearby power lines and the upland section of the A939 have a negative visual impact; and  The area exhibits a strong sense of remoteness, emphasised by the openness of the landscape and the extensive horizons of successive hill ranges, which coalesce in the distance and from which views to the Cairngorms massif are a special feature. Coastal ‐ Enclosed Firth 5270 IMF  A coastal landscape with a range of shorelines from gently shelving edges with High High due to the enclosed nature of the firth, the open internal views and complex dynamic expansive intertidal areas, to a more emphasised sloping coastal edge with a sharper natural patterns associated with the intertidal mudflats. This LCT is partially covered by the change between land and water; Sutors of Cromarty, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA.  Complex natural patterns and textures associated with the intertidal mud flats;  Wide panoramic views that are afforded out across the mudflats to the nearby shorelines;  The proximity of the opposing shoreline appears to pull the horizon closer and creates a sense of visual containment;  A natural dynamic landscape with daily rhythms and seasonally migrating birds;  Cross‐firth bridges allow for the character type to be viewed and experienced from the middle, providing views to both shores upstream and downstream; and  Settlements are generally linear along roads and for the most part located on the inland side of the roads. Coastal Lowlands ‐ Forest 5551 IMF  A complex relief overlaid with a complex array of open spaces sub‐divided by field Medium Medium due to the combination of the medium to small scale landscape that is highly Edge Farming boundaries; influenced by human occupation with the complex relief, strong geometry and views that  Rectilinear field patterns, defined by stone dykes and dark gorse hedgerows; are foreshortened by the forestry. The areas of forestry could provide consequent potential  A mosaic of coniferous forestry blocks and belts is superimposed upon the landscape; for mitigation of overhead lines.  The dark, uniform and vertical qualities of the forest provide a range of different spatial experiences;  The forest horizons restrict distant views;  The uniformity of forest texture and colour and the smothering effect it has on the topography and the blocking of views to any distant, recognisable landmarks creates a feeling of disorientation in this landscape; and  The typical settlements of this landscape type are farm holdings and are connected into the wider landscape pattern by the linking narrow road system which follows the geometric field enclosures of the dry stone dykes, scrub and fences. Enclosed Farmed 5007 & IMF  Flat to gently undulating lowlands, of firths and river flood plains; Medium Medium due to the simple, geometric pattern of the gently undulating landscape enclosed Landscapes 5892  The strong linear pattern of trees, draws the eye, giving an indication of scale and by a series of mature deciduous tree lines and containing a number of policy estates. distance, due to the low angle views over the flat land; Electricity infrastructure is a common element in the part of this LCT unit within the study  A simple landscape composition of geometric fields enclosed by mature deciduous area due to the proximity to the Beauly substation. Whilst this means that pylons would not tree lines, creating a series of rooms; be a new element in the landscape it may provide cumulative wirescape issues.  The towering trees, glimpses of prominent buildings and the formal effect of regularly spaced trees, give a sense of grandeur and wealth;  The deciduous trees give a range of colours and texture, increasing landscape diversity locally and providing seasonal variation;  The presence of different tree species associated with the estates helps to give a strong sense of place;  The typical rural settlement as farms placed well off the main road, enclosed within irregular groups of mature deciduous trees that link into the avenue structure;  A dominant feature readily associated with this landscape type is the large house or castle, with the tops of the building often rising above the mature tree canopy, and ornamental gates marking its existence at the roadside;  The remnants of the designed landscape associated with these buildings can still be LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED recognised; and  On the flatter land, developments encroach upon the smooth, rectangular fields and tree lines, replacing them with urban forms of wide open, curved streets and shapes and scales of buildings which contrast with the existing farm and estate architecture. Narrow Firth Corridor 5796 IMF  A narrow intertidal zone contained within a glaciated U‐shaped valley; High High due to the small scale, enclosed nature of the firth.  A strong visual connection between the firth and surrounding landscapes;  The opposing sides of the firth create a sense of enclosure and clear, defined horizons; and  Limited views inland. Farmland ‐ Crofting 5974 INV  Broad, undulating glen landform with a mix of open agricultural land and enclosing High High due to the small scale, enclosed and intimate character of this LCT unit. Settlement woodlands;  Small scale fields and a simple linear arrangement of small dwellings creates an intimate human scale;  Views tend to be restricted due to the density and proximity of vertical landscape elements; and  A relatively populated feel due to the scattered and relatively even distribution of croft dwellings. Farmland ‐ Enclosed 5818 INV  Broad flat to undulating glens of intensive farmland; Medium Medium due to the medium scale of the agricultural landscape that is strongly influenced by Farmland  Strongly influenced by human features, such as medium sized geometric fields; human features, including the Beauly substation and associated infrastructure, with views  Limited views with a sense of intimacy; that tend to be limited due to the landform and tree planting. Whilst this means that pylons  Tree planting which provides a sense of scale and creates varying degrees of would not be a new element in the landscape it may provide cumulative wirescape issues. enclosure and a broad range of colour, texture and seasonal diversity;  The range of tree planting and the hedgerows and stone dykes create a strong sense of place;  A diverse range of settlement;  Large houses or castles and remnants of designed landscapes; and  A wide abundance of archaeological sites. Farmland ‐ Rolling 5775 INV  A diverse mix of open agricultural land and woodlands; Medium Medium due to the complex landform, the medium scale and the enclosed nature of the Farmland and Woodland  Complex landform of rolling , north‐facing hill slopes and plateaux; landscape which has been strongly influenced by human occupation. Views are limited in  The landscape has been strongly influenced by human occupation; many places by woodland and forestry which may provide consequent potential for  Variation in woodlands between dense, dark coniferous plantations with linear edges mitigation of overhead lines. The presence of extensive OHL network in this LCT provides and open broadleaf woodland with more natural edges following the landform; some potential for cumulative wirescape issues.  A fairly settled landscape with farms and isolated houses connected by a network of major and minor roads; and  A large number of archaeological sites are situated within the LCT. Foothills and Plateau ‐ 6301 & INV  Low rocky hills with open summits, steep sided slopes and rocky ridges and peaks; High High due to the large scale of the landscape, the open and exposed character of the upper Farmed and Wooded 6264  Coniferous plantations and broadleaved woodlands are interspersed with rough and slopes and that much of this LCT unit is covered by the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA. Foothills improved pasture;  A contrast of experience between the open, exposed upper slopes and the sheltered enclosed lower slopes;  The landscape is widely used for active recreation;  A network of narrow roads cuts through the woodlands connecting the scattered farm settlements; and  Some archaeological remnants are present. Foothills and Plateau ‐ 5989 INV  Open moorland plateau with a predominantly horizontal skyline; Medium Medium due to the large scale nature of the landscape with large swathes of forestry Flat Moorland Plateau  Exposed plateau top with distant views of hills which form far away horizons; interrupting views in places and providing consequent potential for mitigation of overhead with Woodland  A relatively consistent vegetation cover of heather; lines. The southern part is covered by the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA and the sensitivity  Largely uninhabited creating a strong sense of remoteness; for that area is High. The presence of extensive OHL network in this LCT provides some  Large swathes of coniferous plantations are present in some areas; and potential for cumulative wirescape issues.  A transitional landscape between the Rolling Farmlands and Woodland LCT in the north and the more elevated Farmed and Wooded Foothills LCT to the south Foothills and Plateau ‐ 6087 INV  Small rocky hills rising out of open, gently rolling moorland plateaux; High High due to the remote, open and exposed nature of this LCT unit in which pylons could Rocky Moorland Plateau  Distinct edges, which isolate the plateaux from adjacent areas and create an form intrusive and incongruous features. The eastern edge is covered by the Loch Ness and impression of being within a vast, remote, upland moor; Duntelchaig SLA.  A patchy texture and an unrefined, rugged image; and LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED  An overall feeling of openness and exposure. Foothills and Plateau ‐ 5920 INV  A rolling plateau landform; Medium Medium due to the large scale, simple pattern of the landscape with enclosed views and Rocky Moorland Plateau  Large coniferous plantations; large coniferous plantations, both of which may provide consequent potential for mitigation with Woodland  Large windswept fields of rough pasture situated between the areas of forestry; of overhead lines. A small part of this LCT unit is covered by the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig  Restricted settlement of isolated small farms and crofts; and SLA for which the sensitivity would be High as it overlooks the Great Glen.  Presence of archaeological site, especially prehistoric settlements. Straths and Glens ‐ Broad 5998 INV  A broad, steep sided, V‐shaped glen, containing a deep loch with the glen's steep High High due to the enclosed nature of the landform with long even skylines along the glen Steep‐Sided Glen linear sides; sides, which form the setting to Loch Ness. This form is likely to be compromised by large  Long even skylines creating a very strong sense of linear enclosure; scale engineered structures and conductors spanning the valley or running along its length.  Visual movement tends to be directed either along the linear route of the glen or Much of this LCT unit is covered by the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig SLA. across the water to the opposite shore;  The western side of the glen is that of a transport corridor is dominated by human artefacts, particularly the presence of a busy trunk road;  Tourism is partly responsible for a vast array of elements such as signs, telephone boxes, litter bins, street lighting and parking areas;  The eastern side of the loch has a more remote feeling, with a minor road following the lochside and settlements tending to be clustered leaving large areas undeveloped;  Woodland and coniferous plantations typically occur upon the glen sides, whilst semi‐ natural woodlands frequently line the loch edges adding an element of visual and seasonal diversity to the coniferous and moorland backdrop;  Agricultural land use is restricted to small scale pastoral farms in a few places on the shore, at the intersections of side glens, and in some areas of the gentler higher slopes;  Larger farms are also located on the alluvial plains at the north and south ends of the loch: here a mix of open agricultural land and small woodlands add diversity to the flat alluvial plains at the base of the glen; and  A wide diversity of archaeological sites is represented in this landscape type, reflecting to some extent the strategic location of the Great Glen between, east and west coasts. Straths and Glens ‐ 5557 INV  A broad, flat to gently undulating strath floor with steep, rocky side slopes; High High due to the small scale of the landscape and the directed nature of views along the Farmed Straths  A linear sense of enclosure created by the strath sides funnels distant views along the strath. Guidance for this LCT recommends that “large scale elements which cross the strath; and strath…should also be discouraged". A small part of this LCT unit is covered by the Loch Ness  A regular pattern of large fields on the strath floor contrasts with the open heather and Duntelchaig SLA. moorlands of the strath sides. Uplands ‐ Rolling Uplands 5913 INV  Rolling hills which form a backdrop to much of the eastern part of the Inverness High High due to the large scale, remote, exposed and highly visible nature of the landscape. district; Furthermore small parts of the northeastern edge of this LCT unit are covered by the  A strong feeling of openness and exposure on the hill tops and plateau areas; Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA.  A general absence of elements with which to judge scale and distance;  Heather forms the main land cover;  Occasional rocky outcrops and areas of scree; and  Deeply incised burns cut occasional crevices between the hills. Coastal ‐ Coastal Forest 4761 M&N  Dense stands of mature commercial conifers of single species and age, have been Medium Medium due to the flat to gently undulating form of the landscape and the fact that the planted on the gently undulating coastal sand dunes and poorer gravels of the coastal forests forms a dense backdrop to the adjacent highly sensitive coastal shore. The forestry margins; may provide consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines so long as the backdrop  Felling has created a variety of tree heights and open spaces/glades; element to the coastal shore is not affected. 4824 M&N  Where the forests are dense and of uniform height, they tend to mask the complex Medium Medium due to the flat to gently undulating form of the landscape and the fact that the and small scale irregularities of the underlying landform and dune pattern; forests forms a dense backdrop to the adjacent highly sensitive coastal shore and the  The Coastal Forests create a dense dark backdrop to the Soft Coastal Shore and the Burghead Findhorn Coast AGLV which also overlaps very slightly with the edge of this LCT Coastal Farmland Landscape Character Area to the south; unit. The forestry may provide consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines so long  The forest provides a physical 'buffer' of restricted access and development to the as the backdrop element to the coastal shore is not affected. 5036 M&N highly sensitive coastal area; Medium Medium due to the flat to gently undulating form of the landscape and the fact that the  Where the forest edge is indented it tends to create 'rooms' enclosing agricultural forests forms a dense backdrop to the adjacent highly sensitive coastal shore and the Culbin land, and has the effect of breaking down the large scale of the open flat Coastal Bar AGLV. The forestry may provide consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines so Farmland; long as the backdrop element to the coastal shore is not affected.  The forest forms a barrier to views both to and from the coast and to the wider land and seascapes; and LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED  There is very little settlement, although the forest forms a screen to a number of developments, such as sand and gravel excavations and RAF facilities. Coastal ‐ Soft Coastal 5028 M&N  A transition zone between land and sea consisting of broad intertidal flats, dunes, salt High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature which allows little scope for Shore marshes and curving sand and shingle beaches; screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a direct contrast.  Distinctive bands of sand and shingle reflect wave action; Furthermore the Burghead Findhorn Coast AGLV overlaps much of this LCT unit. 5029 M&N  Settlement tends to be located on rocky promontories and is highly visible along the High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature which allows little scope for coastal fringe; and screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a direct contrast.  Long distance views to the , and east and west along the coast. Furthermore the Culbin Bar AGLV overlaps much of this LCT unit. 5199 M&N High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature which allows little scope for screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a direct contrast. 5265 M&N High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature which allows little scope for screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a direct contrast. Furthermore the Sutors of Cromarty, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA overlaps a large extent of this LCT unit. 5134 M&N High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature which allows little scope for screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a direct contrast. Coastal ‐ Soft Coastal 4686 M&N  A sometimes sharp and steep, transition zone between land and sea consisting of High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature of the Soft Coastal Shore area which Shore / Hard Coastal broad intertidal flats, dunes, salt marshes and curving sand and shingle beaches, allows little scope for screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a Shore occasionally with a raised beach backed by old red sandstone cliffs; direct contrast. For the Hard Coastal Shore area “the open character of views to the coast  Distinctive bands of sand and shingle reflect wave action; from adjacent areas and the contained nature of settlements makes it difficult to visually  From the shore vertical cliffs contrast with the sea/sky horizon in some places; accommodate new built development”. Much of this LCT unit is covered by the Hopeman  Extensive views from the cliff tops whilst views at the shore are contained inland and Lossiemouth Coast AGLV. 4735 M&N instead focussed out across the sea; High High due to the open, exposed, low lying coastal nature of the Soft Coastal Shore area which  Long distance views to the Black Isle, and east and west along the coast; allows little scope for screening and against which the vertical form of the pylons would be a  A contrast between the rocky and craggy cliffs with shear rock faces and the smooth, direct contrast. For the Hard Coastal Shore area “the open character of views to the coast green undulations of cultivated headlands and cliffs; from adjacent areas and the contained nature of settlements makes it difficult to visually  A strong natural landscape defined by the rugged, vertical and irregular coastline; accommodate new built development”.  High exposure to wind and sea; and  Where settlements occur these are generally located on rocky promontories or along the foot of the cliffs, constrained between the water and the landform. Coastal Lowlands ‐ 4712 & M&N  Coastal plain located at the foot of the hills to the south; Low Low due to the medium scale, as a result of the woodland and forestry which breaks up the Coastal Farmlands 5176  Occasional distinctive fluvio‐glacial features such as parallel mounds of sand and landscape and foreshortens views in some areas, in which vertical elements, such as grain gravel; silos and transmission pylons and poles, and linear elements, such as roads, rail lines and  An intensive agricultural use, with large fields and long bands of coniferous electricity transmission lines, are common features. Therefore the pylons would not be a plantations and shelterbelts which combine to form a simple pattern of vegetation; new feature in the landscape and the forestry and woodland would provide some potential and for mitigation of overhead lines. A small extent of this LCT unit is covered by the Sutors of  A relatively densely populated landscape. Cromarty, Rosemarkie and Fort George SLA, in which location the sensitivity is considered to be High. The Hopeman Lossiemouth Coast AGLV also covers part of this LCT unit, and along with the area around Findhorn Bay and adjacent to the Enclosed Firth LCT, the sensitivity for these areas is considered to be Medium. 4846 M&N Low Low due to medium, as a result of the woodland and forestry which breaks up the landscape and foreshortens views in some areas, in which vertical elements, such as grain silos, and linear elements, such as roads, are regular existing features. The forestry and woodland would provide some potential for mitigation of overhead lines. Within the Study Area this LCT unit is not covered by any local landscape designations. Coastal Lowlands ‐ 5137 M&N  This is a transitional landscape between the open fertile plain of the Coastal Farmland Medium Medium due to the medium scale of the landscape combined with the complex landform Rolling Farmlands and LCA and the expansive open Uplands LCA to the south; and the presence of numerous estate policies. The large extents of the forestry may provide. Forest  A complex landform; The forestry may provide consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. The  A balance between open farmland and woodland; Pluscarden AGLV covers the centre of this LCT unit. 5343 M&N  A colourful and diverse landscape as a result of the mix of coniferous and native Medium Medium due to the combination of the complex landform containing numerous estate woodland, scrub edges and rolling pastures; and policies with the open, large scale of the landscape. The forestry may provide consequent  Estate policies such as stone walls, beech and holly hedges, parkland and wooded potential for mitigation of overhead lines. policies. River Valleys ‐ Broad 5088 M&N  A broad, sinuous river valley with a distinctive flat floodplain and valley bottom; High High due to the small to medium scale and, the enclosed form of the landscape. Farmed Valley (Spey)  The valley is contained by a series of convex hills and long spurs which broaden to the Furthermore this LCT unit contains a number of large estates and policy woodlands. The LCT north, reducing the containment of the valley as it merges with the more complex, unit is covered to a large extent by the Speyside AGLV. LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED gentle undulations of the Coastal Farmland Landscape Character Area;  Extensive areas of dark, coniferous plantation and open heather moorland generally occur on the upper hill slopes, such as the forest encircling Ben Aigan, whilst less extensive native woodlands and mixed species policy planting are present on the lower valley sides;  The valley floor is dominated by intensive agriculture, while scattered pockets of native woodland and soft textured willow and birch scrub align the banks of the Spey;  The area is dominated by a linear development of roads and settlement tracing the valley floor;  Planned villages and distilleries are often a feature within the Spey Valley;  Large estate houses set amongst policy woodland sit on the valley sides, and a number of large isolated farm units exist within the more open farmed valley floor; and  The settlements of Rothes and Charlestown of Aberlour are dominant features within the valley. River Valleys ‐ Narrow 5347 M&N  A deeply incised landform of rocky gorges with a variety of falls, pools and the gushing High High due to the medium to small scale and the intimate enclosed nature of the incised valley Wooded Valley channels; which emphasises the form of the landscape. This form is reinforced by a mixture of (Findhorn)  The valley appears densely wooded, with semi‐natural pine, birch and mixed woodland and forest cover and is likely to be compromised by large scale engineered broadleaves intermingled with mature policy woodland, often comprising large exotic structures and conductors spanning the valley or running along its length. The River conifers and beech; Findhorn AGLV covers the northern part of this LCT unit.  Small, steeply rolling, lush green pastures interrupt this woodland cover in places and are often edged by scrub woodland and rough grassland and enclosed by stone dykes;  The variety of vegetation within the valley results in a richly diverse and colourful landscape; and  Estate policies exert strong influences on the pattern and nature of land use and although many of the traditional stone vernacular buildings of the landscape tend to be largely hidden from view within woodland, intriguing glimpses of buildings are possible which add to the interest and intimate scale and enclosed fee of the landscape. Uplands ‐ Open Uplands 5721 M&N  Openness of the Uplands contrasts with the dense woodland and farmland to the High High due to the open, large scale nature of this LCT unit which contains distant views, north and south; combined with the simple pattern, relative remoteness and the overlapping presence of the  Smoothness of the terrain is broken in some places by rocky outcrops and small burns Dava Moors SLA. 5912 M&N which flow along craggy incised valleys; Medium Medium due to the more settled nature and more undulating form of this LCT unit. A  Distinctive patterns created by muir burning and patchy, stunted pockets of pine; and number of blocks of forestry, along with the undulating form, may provide consequent  Abandoned farmsteads and a general lack of settlement. potential for mitigation of overhead lines. The Speyside AGLV covers much of this LCT unit. Uplands ‐ Upland 4981 M&N  Predominantly pastoral fields providing a simple pattern with a limited visual Medium Medium due to the large scale, the simple pattern, the limited visual diversity, the Farmland diversity; undulating landform and the large swathes of forestry which may provide consequent  Large areas of coniferous forestry on the western edge of the LCA; potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit also contains the distinctive forms  Wide, gently undulating slopes punctuated by distinctive conical hills such as Knock of Knock Hill and the Bin of Cullen, whilst the Speyside AGLV covers part of the southwest of Hill; and the unit.  Traces of later prehistoric and medieval settlement. Uplands ‐ Upland 5359 M&N  Inaccessible areas of broad, rounded hills and upland plateaux; Low Low due to the gently undulating form, large scale and simplicity of the landscape which Moorland and Forestry  A balanced mix of moorland and forestry creating simple large‐scale patterns; contains large‐scale coniferous plantations. The landform, and areas of forestry could  The forests tend to be inaccessible due to their positioning on the plateaux; provide the potential for mitigation, whilst vertical structures are not an uncommon feature  Natural regeneration of native pine and birch scrub on forest margins; and in this landscape which contains a small number of masts and a wind farm, as well as a pylon  Sparse settlements, located on the lower slopes surrounded by irregular fields. line along the northern boundary. A small section along the northern edge is covered by the Pluscarden AGLV and some very small areas to the south are covered by the Speyside AGLV, although the majority of this LCT unit is not subject to landscape designations. In these areas covered by the local landscape designations the sensitivity is considered to be Medium. 5732 M&N Low Low due to the gently undulating form, large scale and simplicity of the landscape which contains large‐scale coniferous plantations. The landform, and areas of forestry could provide the potential for mitigation, whilst a pylon line is not an uncommon feature in this landscape. Agricultural Heartlands ‐ 6442 SCA  Rolling landscape of low hills and wide valleys. Medium Medium due to the variations in scale, the range in views available and the presence of a Central Wooded Estates  Strong woodland structure associated with numerous estate policies, adding rich and number of estate policies, as well as a number of existing pylon lines. The rolling landscape, diverse texture. strong woodland structure and coniferous plantations may provide consequent potential for LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED  Clumps of trees atop mounds and hillocks, often bounded by circular stone wells; mitigation of overhead lines. Within the study area, parts of this LCT unit, mainly to the mature shady beech avenues; conifer plantations distributed amongst broadleaves. northwest are covered by the former Marr and Garioch ALS.  Mixed farmland with varying size and pattern of fields.  Mosses within lowland hollows where birch and Scots pine predominate.  Numerous towns and villages, many subject to recent residential expansion.  Frequent settlement with a variety of sizes and styles of architecture; local vernacular stone buildings with conversions and extensions, modern bungalows and houses.  Long views across open farmland contrast with sudden enclosure by woodland as one passes through area. Agricultural Heartlands ‐ 6046 SCA  Gently undulating lowland plateau. Medium Medium due to the well settled character, the undulating landform of the area within the Formartine Lowlands  Low lying hollows of poorly drained, scrubby, rushy pasture supporting rough grazing site boundary and the blocks of woodland and forestry, of which the latter two may provide for sheep. consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. Although the LCA identifies that due  Extensive area of open farmland with large geometric fields with post and wire to the flat, open nature of the landscape it can be “susceptible to impact from high fencing. structures such as pylons and masts”, it is considered that this applies more so the east of  Drystone dykes are rare owing to absence of rocks. the LCT and less so to the western area located within the site boundary.  Prominent lines of trees and estates such as Pitmeddon and Auchmacoy with associated woodlands giving local variation in character.  Relatively large, compact settlements such as Pitmeddon, Ellon, Newmachar and Oldmeldrum.  Large farms with modern storage buildings and diverse building styles.  Roads and transmission lines criss‐cross area, the latter often very visible.  Quite numerous archaeological remains, including carved stone balls and pictish monuments.  Open character provides expansive views across landscape, but with notable increases in tree cover and woodland in central and western parts of the LCT, where a higher proportion of settlement occurs. Agricultural Heartlands ‐ 6621 SCA  Expansive basin of farmland with gently rising sides. High High due to the medium to large scale and essentially open character of the landscape. The Howe of Alford  Landscape framed by an amphitheatre of dark moorland ridges. landscape is generally of good condition with few detractors. Furthermore the LCA states  Open patchwork of fields interrupted by sparse lines of trees and gappy hedgerows. that "large scale and elevated structures…such as pylons…will be intrusive; the latter may be  Shelterbelts, walls and beech avenues signify presence of estates which flank River confined to the basin edges without loss of the central open character". Much of the edge of Don. this LCT unit is covered by the former Marr ALS.  Settlement concentrated centrally around Alford and along River Don, but otherwise dispersed as isolated cottages and farms.  Variety of architectural styles, including modern houses.  Numerous archaeological, particularly neolithic remains, notably recumbent stone circles and carved stone balls. Agricultural Heartlands ‐ 6278 SCA  Flat and gently rolling farmland. Medium Medium due to the large scale, geometrically patterned landscape with, for the most part, a Insch Basin  Large geometric fields forming a colourful patchwork of arable and pastureland gently rolling landform and regularly dotted with shelterbelts, hilltop clumps and small studded evenly with farms and broadleaf copses. blocks of forestry. The landform and tree planting may provide consequent potential for  Tumbledown dykes have been replaced or reinforced by post and wire fencing along mitigation of overhead lines. Furthermore it is a relatively well settled landscape that field boundaries. contains existing pylon lines and therefore the proposed development would not be a new  Little substantial woodland planting, with tree cover confined to shelterbelts, hilltop feature within the landscape. Parts of the western half of this LCT unit are covered by the clumps and beech avenues. former Marr and Garioch ALS.  Rich in archaeological remains, most notably recumbent stone circles.  Large farmhouses made of local stone as well as smaller traditional cottages, many enlarged to accommodate modem dormer windows. Agricultural Heartlands ‐ 5750 SCA  Simple rolling landform. Low Low due to the large scale character with a strongly undulating form, simple landscape Northern Rolling  Simple landcover of large geometric fields and thick bold woodlands and shelterbelts. pattern and blocks of woodland and shelterbelts, all of which helps to accommodate Lowlands  Well wooded with thick shelterbelts and planted blocks of conifers. development. Pylon lines are not an uncommon feature with a couple of existing lines  Occasional enclosure of coniferous plantations by beech, which softens edges. running through this LCT unit. 5868 SCA  Farms and settlements cluster in more sheltered valleys and lower slopes, often Medium Medium due to the large scale character, the less undulating form of this LCT unit, the enclosed by shelterbelts. reduced amount of forestry and shelterbelts and the resulting long distance views afforded  Long distance often elevated views. across much of the LCT unit. 6139 SCA Low Low due to the large scale character with a strongly undulating form, simple landscape pattern and blocks of woodland and shelterbelts, all of which helps to accommodate development. LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED 6294 SCA Medium Medium due to the large scale character, the less undulating form of this LCT unit, the reduced amount of forestry and shelterbelts and the resulting long distance views afforded across much of the LCT unit. Farmed Moorland Edge ‐ 6731 SCA  Variable relief, including compact landform of small valleys and mounds, as well as Medium Medium due to the small scale, the unkempt character in places and the rolling form of the Cromar Uplands wide open basins. landscape and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. There are no local  Farmland patchwork is diverse in landcover, texture and pattern. landscape designations that overlap with this LCT unit within the study area.  Encroached by ridges of Moorland Plateaux which form imposing backdrop.  Large farms spread evenly throughout area; large stone farmhouses contrast with occasional newer developments.  Some signs of neglect; stone dykes are broken and reinforced or replaced by post and wire fencing; gorse has invaded some field edges causing wilder upland character. Farmed Moorland Edge ‐ 5648 SCA  Plateau of low hills with undulating rocky terrain. Medium Medium due to the small scale, undulating form of the landscape, the large blocks of Daugh of Cairnborrow  Rich mosaic of different textures and features and small scale landscape pattern. forestry, the diverse character and the presence of the Bin and the Balloch, of which the  Marginal upland farms with scattered farm buildings, enclosed sheep grazing and forested summits often form the skyline within this LCT unit. An existing pylon line also patches of gorse scrub, birch and goat willow scrub. passes through part of this LCT unit. None of this LCT unit is covered by a current landscape  Interspersed with small pockets of Moorland Plateaux which form prominent elevated designation, although a small part of the south western corner is covered by the former foci. Marr ALS.  Extensive derelict drystone dykes, often reinforced by post and wire fencing and encroached by gorse.  Stone cairns on edges of high ground.  Traditional cottages scattered throughout landscape, with scant tree shelter; vernacular type is local grey/brown stone with simple design.  Some derelict buildings. Farmed Moorland Edge ‐ 6375 SCA  Compact landform, winding roads and small fields produce small‐scale landscape Medium Medium due to the small scale, undulating character of the landscape with views to the Lumsden Valley pattern which contrasts with open character of surrounding areas. neighbouring Moorland Plateaux LCTs. The majority of this LCT unit is covered by the former  Transition from open productive farming in east to remote exposed moorland in west. Marr ALS.  Numerous glacial features such as moraines and eskers.  Woodland is largely shelterbelts and small plantations.  Small fields well defined by drystone dykes.  Transition to moorland in west characterised by waterlogged peat and expansive bog.  Frequent dereliction adds to remoteness of area.  Small evenly spaced grey stone houses and farms, generally of vernacular style.  Views of Moorland Plateaux pronounced, notably Tap o' Noth. Moorland Plateaux ‐ 6003 SCA  Smooth undulating landform which forms dark ridges across skyline when viewed Medium Medium due to the undulating form combination of the open, exposed, large scale and Grampian Outliers from lowlands. simple form of the landscape with the presence of various importance promontories, such  Outcrops stand proud of surrounding low farmland. as Hill of Talnamounth in this instance. Furthermore the Speyside AGLV covers the south of  Extensive tracts of conifer plantation covering much of slopes, mixed to varying this LCT unit. 6037 SCA degrees with patches of heather moorland. Medium Medium due to the simple, undulating form and large swathes of forestry and consequent  Forms distinct edge with green fields of pasture on lower slopes. potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit contains the promontory of Tap o'  Occasional dramatic rocky outcrops, e.g. at Bennachie and Tap o’ Noth. Noth, which is integral to Aberdeenshire's landscape identity and the area around tap o’  Promontories present spectacular views over surrounding lowland. Noth is therefore considered to be of High sensitivity. The former Marr ALS covers the  Communication masts are dominant feature within skyline views. northwest and southeast of this LCT unit. 6110 SCA  Settlement restricted to edges with occasional isolated houses and derelict buildings. Medium Medium due to the combination of the open, exposed, large scale and simple form of the  Colours and tones vary with the weather and seasons. landscape with the presence of various promontories, such as Hill of Dumeath in this instance. The former Marr ALS covers the whole extent of this LCT unit. 6216 SCA Medium Medium due to the simple, undulating form and large swathes of forestry and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit contains the promontories of Hill of Foudland and Hill Of Tillymorgan, however both of these are hills are marked by mast and wind turbines. 6423 SCA Medium Medium due to the simple, highly undulating form of the landscape and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit contains the promontory of The Buck, the upper slopes of which are considered to be of High sensitivity due to their visual prominence. The majority of this LCT unit is covered by the former Marr ALS. 6500 SCA Medium Medium due to the simple, undulating form of the landscape and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. This LCT unit contains the promontories of Bennachie and the Correen Hills, both of which are integral to Aberdeenshire's landscape identity. The area of LANDSCAPE LCA_SCOT_ LCA KEY CHARACTERISTICS GENERALISED SENSITIVITY OF CHANGE TO THE TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED Bennachie is considered to be of High sensitivity due to the iconic form and historical importance of Mither Tap and the numerous trails through the hills. The majority of this LCT unit is covered by either the former Marr ALS or the former Garioch ALS. 6696 SCA Medium Medium due to the simple, undulating form of the landscape and large areas of forestry and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. The former Marr ALS covers the northern half of this LCT unit. 6759 SCA Medium Medium due to the simple, undulating form of the landscape and consequent potential for mitigation of overhead lines. . The southern and northwestern parts of this LCT unit are covered by the former Marr ALS. Straths and Valleys ‐ 5730 SCA  Distinct valley form; constricted valleys associated with schists; wide valley north and Medium Medium due to the medium scale, enclosed nature of the landscape with a diverse pattern Deveron and Bogie south of Huntly associated with softer rocks. of generally agricultural landuses and the linear patterns of the roads and rail line, as well as Straths  Mosaic of diverse land uses; rough sheep grazing, hay fields, commercial forestry a pylon line, along the valleys. None of this LCT unit is covered by a current landscape plantation and deciduous woodland. designation, although part of the western and southern areas are covered by the former  Neat farmland patchwork on flood plain dominated by pasture with post and wire Marr ALS. fencing and hedges.  Patches of neglected farmland with broken stone dykes and derelict pasture.  Shallow, rocky rivers lined by broad leaf woods amidst well wooded farmland.  Conifer‐covered knolls standing proud of open Deveron Strath.  Dense settlement within valley, associated with road corridors.  Farmhouses scattered along straths. Straths and Valleys ‐ 6648 SCA  Narrow gorges between upland areas, widening into more gentle straths through High High due to the small to medium scale, enclosed, occasionally gorge like form of the Donside sandstone. landscape which also contains a number of estate policies and which is likely to be  In sandstone strath: compromised by large scale engineered structures and conductors spanning the valley or  smooth undulating terrain but distinctly contoured with sinuous, flowing running along its length. The majority of this LCT unit is covered by the Former Marr ALS. landform;  well manicured with bold field pattern and prominent belts of woodland;  patches of conifers on middle slopes, conforming with scale of landscape and giving a gradual transition to more densely wooded ridges above;  peaceful pastoral setting hidden amidst surrounding moors;  traditional grey stone farmsteads with woodland shelter evenly spaced adding to regularity and harmonious pattern of landscape.  In schist glens:  steeply carved valley through schists to west and east, richly wooded with beech and other broadleaves;  estates located above glen as it rises into Moorland Plateaux;  rich colours and deep shadows which change with seasons and are particularly spectacular in autumn.

ANNEX E: REVIEW OF LOCAL LANDSCAPE DESIGNATIONS

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report LOCAL LANDSCAPE DESIGNATION SENSITIVITIES

Introduction

The study area for the East of Beauly Reinforcement contains a number of locally important landscape designations including three Highland Special Landscape Areas (HSLAs), Moray Areas of Great Landscape Value (AGLV), and former Aberdeenshire Areas of Landscape Significance (AALS).

Policy Context

Scottish Planning Policy (SPP)

SPP 142 t0 144 states the following in relation to local landscape designations:

142. “Local designations should be clearly identified and protected through the development plan. The reasons for designation should be clearly explained and the function and continuing relevance of local designations should be considered when development plans are prepared. 143. Planning authorities are encouraged to limit non-statutory local designations to two types – areas designated for their landscape value and nature conservation sites. Both statutory and non-statutory local designations should be identified and protected in the development plan and the factors which will be taken into account in development management decision-making should be set out. The level of protection given to local designations through the development plan should not be as high as the level of protection given to international or national designations. 144. The purpose of designating a local landscape area in the development plan should be to: • safeguard and enhance the character and quality of a landscape which is important or particularly valued locally or regionally; or • promote understanding and awareness of the distinctive character and special qualities of local landscapes; or • safeguard and promote important local settings for outdoor recreation and tourism.”

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) Guidance

‘Guidance on Local Landscape Designations’ 2006 sets out the following in relation to the outlining of each individual locally designated landscape area:

“To secure better understanding and support for local landscape designations, it is also good practice to prepare a statement of importance for each designated area which provides the following information.

Name and Location A locally recognised name should be chosen. Overview A short paragraph containing a clear, succinct and celebratory description of the landscape of the area and why it has been selected for designation. Landscape Description A description of the landscape and historic land-use character and qualities of the selected area, with commentary where appropriate on existing developments, settlements and economic activity, and also any known features of natural or cultural heritage interest. Choice of Boundary A short description and justification for the choice of the boundary selected. Opportunities for Change The identification of any significant opportunities for social and economic development and the scope for landscape enhancement through planning gain or support for agriculture or forestry. Such a statement should be short, and normally no more than two sides of A4. It should be accompanied by a map of the area selected for designation at scale which allows for its overall location and boundaries to be clearly identified.”

Highland Special Landscape Areas

Policy 57, Natural, Built and Cultural Heritage of The Highland-wide Local Development Plan, 2012 sets out the tests against which all development which affects natural, cultural and built heritage features must be assessed. The following relates to features of local/regional importance:

“All development proposals will be assessed taking into account the level of importance and type of heritage features, the form and scale of the development, and any impact on the feature and its setting, in the context of the policy framework detailed in Appendix 2. The following criteria will also apply:

1. For features of local/regional importance we will allow developments if it can be satisfactorily demonstrated that they will not have an unacceptable impact on the natural environment, amenity and heritage resource.”

Appendix 2 of The Highland-wide Local Development Plan goes on to define HSLAs specifically:

“These areas were identified by the Council by virtue either as being large scale areas of regional importance for scenic quality, or as being small scale areas of local scenic and recreational value. The Council will consider the potential impacts of development proposals on the integrity of the SLAs, including impacts on the wider setting. There may be cases where the setting of an SLA could be adversely affected by development in the foreground which would interrupt important views into and out of the SLA. When determining the impact on the landscape character and scenic quality and overall integrity of the SLA, attention will be given to its citation and in particular the Key Landscape and Visual Characteristics, it’s Special Qualities, and its Sensitivities to Change.”

In 2009, The Highland Council commissioned an Assessment of HSLAs1. The outcome of this was a document which, in line with SPP and SNH Guidance, provides a citation for each HSLA describing their key landscape and visual characteristics and the specific special qualities for which they are valued. The assessment also outlines the sensitivity of each HSLA to change, and possible measures for their enhancement.

There are three HSLAs within the study area:

- the Cromarty Sutors, Rosemarkie and Fort George HSLA;

- the Loch Ness and Duntelchaig HSLA; and

- Drynachen, Lochindorb and Dava Moors HSLA.

The key characteristics and sensitivities of these designated areas, as defined in the assessment, are set out below. .

Cromarty Sutors, Rosemarkie and Fort George HSLA

Special Qualities Distinctive Variety of Coastal Scenery

1 horner + maclennan (2010), Assessment of Highland Special Landscape Areas • The main scenic interest of the area is the visual interplay of land and sea at these two distinctive gateways to the Inverness and Cromarty Firths. The opposing spits of Chanonry and Fort George together represent a feature which is uncommon and this juxtaposition can be enjoyed from a variety of perspectives (e.g. from Chanonry Point itself, which is also notable for dolphin sightings, or more majestically from the high points of the road between Janefield and Eathie). The high viewpoints also reveal the full extent of the sandbanks off Fort George and Whiteness Head. The Sutors also provide high vantage points, with contrasting views of the narrow mouth of the deep and the wide expanse of the Outer Moray Firth. • The diversity of coastal landscape here includes the dramatic contrasts between steep cliffs and low sand and shingle bars. • The area is experienced in a number of ways including birds’ eye views from aircraft, elevated views from areas of high ground and low level views from boats, ferries and the shoreline.

Expanse and Containment

• The area offers a wide range of visual and perceptual experiences within a restricted area. In large part this stems from strong contrasts associated with the proximity of exposed and sheltered situations, developed and undeveloped coastline, and the availability of different perspectives from varying elevations and viewpoints. • Unusual visual and perceptual contrasts are provided by oil-rigs and large ships viewed within enclosed firths against settled landscape backdrops.

Strong Cultural and Military Landscape Links

• The location and form of settlement typically shows a very strong response to the landscape, including the impressive Hanoverian fortress of Fort George, which has a very dramatic and direct strategic relationship with the coastline of the firth. • Cromarty is known as “the jewel in the crown of Scotland’s vernacular architecture” and it is a truly outstanding collection of 18th and early 19th century dwelling houses and public buildings. • Located at the North Sutor, and highlighting the strategic importance of this area throughout history, are the Scheduled remains of Dunskeath Castle, a 12th century defensive motte and bailey, flanked on either side by 20th century coastal batteries. • In the most northern area of this SLA stand the remains of the oldest defensive structures; an Iron Age fort, consisting of three ruinous walls and two outer ramparts, with a later circular structure crowning the top of summit (possibly a dun or a well-built hut circle) and, some 250m to the west, a structure that crowns the top of a prominent knoll which has been levelled to accommodate it.

The Nigg Ferry follows the pilgrimage route taken by King James IV of Scotland and connects landscapes which would otherwise be very distant overland.

Sensitivity

• Development which could compromise the physical integrity and views of key landforms, such as the Sutors of Cromarty, the Eathie cliffs and the Channonry and Fort George promontories, built features, such as Fort George and Chanonry Lighthouse, and stretches of natural shoreline by introducing man made elements of a scale or nature which would detract from the appreciation of these features. • Prominent buildings or structures in the presently undeveloped locations on the northern shores. • Infill development which would result in the coalescence of the distinct settlements of Fortrose and Rosemarkie. • Offshore installations which could interrupt seaward views or detract from the clean lines of the coast here by adding new man-made structures which become visual foci.

Depending upon its position and design the proposed development could introduce large scale, man-made vertical elements to the landscape around Whiteness Head and Fort George, thereby detracting from the distinctive coastal landscape, including the cultural and military elements of the designation. Of particular concern would be effects upon important views of both the Fort George promontory and shoreline from locations on the northern and southern sides of the Moray Firth, as well as from the Nigg Ferry and other vessels.

On this basis the sensitivity of change to the type of development proposed is therefore considered to be High.

Loch Ness and Duntelchaig Special Landscape Area

Special Qualities

The Dramatic Great Glen:

• The imposing steep-sided landform trench, formed by a large strike-slip fault which slices through the centre of the Highlands, creates a dramatic linear landscape which is relatively easily to access and readily appreciated. The very striking profile of the glen is typically best appreciated from either end, or from the water, although good views are also obtained from elevated viewpoints upon the loch-side ridges and hill tops. • The steep sided slopes of the glen are often deeply incised by watercourses, including the notable Falls of Foyers. These slopes are also flanked by a diverse mix of woodland and forests and form an open smooth moorland skyline ridge. • Strong contrasts exist between the northern and southern slopes in terms of access, activity and settlement which are all considerably more limited on the south side of the loch, reflecting the variations in access, slope, aspect and microclimate. • There are distinctive views of grand proportions and long vistas along a vast expanse of the loch, with the detail of foreground features gradually diminishing to distant silhouettes. • Atmospheric mists and banks of low cloud often linger over Loch Ness and enhance its dramatic character. Limited visibility during these conditions may reinforce the myth of the monster which is responsible for the many visitor attractions and facilities in Drumnadrochit. • Urquhart Castle is a prominent focus along the loch, occupying a magnificent situation on an irregular headland of rock jutting out into the loch and commanding splendid views up and down the Great Glen. Also of significance is Foyers imposing former British Aluminium Factory which is most clearly seen from the north slopes. • The landscape is typically experienced from the B852, B851 and the A82. From these routes, however, the loch is viewed at an oblique angle and thus these do not reveal the striking ‘v’ shape of the glen that is visible at either end. High numbers of walkers and cyclists also view the landscape from the Great Glen Way, while others see it from a high number of boats on the loch, some travelling the length of the Caledonian Canal. From elevated locations along the glen, it is easier to appreciate the simple line, large scale and great expanse of the loch although, even from these places, it is typically difficult to see the entire loch in one view due to its great length. It is also difficult to perceive the scale of the landscape due to a lack of size indicators. From elevated viewpoints, the glen can be seen within its context of a landscape of elevated plateaux and hills. • Most of the hills and high points along the enclosing ridges are indistinct in character, however Meal Fuar-mhonaidh is one example of a distinct hill peak, nearly 700m high, it stands out as a landmark clearly visible from both ends of the loch, and is even prominent in views southwest from the castle in Inverness. Meall Fuar-mhonaid is a good vantage point from which to appreciate the massive scale and alignment of the Great Glen fault within a backcloth of the Monadhliath massif to the south and the Balmacann and Affric mountain interior to the north west, both areas which possess wildness qualities.

Contrasting Intimate Plateau:

• An undulating moorland plateau of rocky knolls flanked by small-scale woods and forests, patches of pastures and sporadic farmsteads, and interspersed with a sequence of tranquil lochs, that creates an intimate mix of landscape elements of changing visual interest.

Historic Landscape:

• Achculin, accessed from the Balmore road, is a well preserved depopulated township that is now a scheduled monument. • The eastern shore of Loch Ness incorporating Loch Duntelchaig, Loch Ashie and Loch Ruthven were clear foci of intensive prehistoric activity. Numerous roundhouses and field systems, interspersed with ritual and burial monuments such as burial cairns, burnt mounds and standing stones proliferate in this area; 3 crannogs are located on Loch Ruthven. This was clearly a highly significant area in prehistory supporting a large population. • Two features dominate Fort Augusts; the Caledonian Canal, with its conspicuous flight of locks, which links Loch Ness to Loch Oich and bisects the town, and Fort Augustus Abbey. The latter was enlarged in 1876 using stone from the original fort.

Sensitivity

• This area is generally sensitive to any additional large features upon the side slopes or ridge lines of the glen. This is because these may seem to contrast to the distinct linear form of the glen, the characteristic concentration of built elements along the shore or over flatter adjacent areas, interrupt the sequential experience travelling along the glen, affect the perception of its scale, and change the open nature of views passing between the shore and the surrounding slopes. • Specifically the addition of large scale buildings or structures or forest/woodland schemes may interrupt the simple lines of the moorland skyline ridges and reduce their contribution as a defining edge of the glen. • Both sides of Loch Ness are sensitive to the introduction of built development which would intrude on views up and down the loch and also across the loch. • Additional or upgraded roads on steep side slopes which would require extensive cut and fill or structures encroaching on the shore. • The area is sensitive to any development which would require significant modification to the landform of the Great Glen and surrounding moorland plateau. Not only could this be highly visible upon the glen sides slopes and affect the apparent bounding edge of the glen, but it could also affect the sense of openness and wildness within the moorland parts of this part of the SLA. • The introduction of tall man made structures on the hill sides may compromise the sense of containment within the glen and diminish the sense of the vast scale of the landscape. • Combinations of developments which would result in a series of linear or point features may distract from the sequential experience when travelling along the loch. • Contemporary developments could compromise landscape setting of historic features, for example as viewed from Fort Augustus and Urquhart Castle. • The addition of some developments may introduce levels of activity and noise which would disturb the tranquillity experienced during still weather conditions.

The introduction of the large scale vertical structures such as pylons and the linear routes that they would follow would have the potential to impact on the special qualities of the Great Glen through the addition of large scale built structures which could intrude upon views along and across the glen, compromise its sense of containment, diminish the vast scale of the landscape in parts of the designation, and introduce contemporary built features. Furthermore, the linear element could detract from the sequential experience when travelling along the loch. The sensitivity of change to the type of development proposed is therefore considered to be High.

Drynachen, Lochindorb and Dava Moors Special Landscape Area

Special Qualities

A Sense of Solitude, Views over Heather Moorland, and Big Skies. Key characteristics include:

• expansive views and broad panoramas across open, rolling moorland and vast skies instil a boundless sense of scale and space, enhanced by the consistency of moorland cover and landform character; • a narrow, deep section of the Findhorn river valley at Streens offers enclosed and intimate relief in contrast to the elevated and exposed moorland. Elsewhere, valleys frame views to Lochindorb; • land management practices create distinctive abstract muirburn patterns, accentuated by ever-changing weather and light patterns; • the limited extent of tree cover and human habitation creates a simple yet powerful moorland image of tranquillity, simplicity and isolation which is emphasized by Lochindorb and its ruined castle; • where buildings exist, these are of a distinctive estate character. Also building remains from pre clearance farmsteads, with enclosures, head dykes and associated field systems and improved land form one of the few built and ‘managed’ elements within the landscape. These engender a strong atmosphere which can arouse contemplative emotions of past human endeavour and hardship; • the long, fairly straight routes through this landscape allow an easy appreciation of the openness and simplicity of the landscape. These are typically lined with permanent snow poles which serve to reinforce the impression that this is a landscape exposed to adverse weather.

Sensitivity

1. The undifferentiated moorland landscape, characterised by expansive horizons and broad panoramas may be diminished by further features which break up the composition. 2. The sense of isolation, extensive panoramas and impression of wildness could be compromised by the introduction of further buildings or other structures. 3. The consistency of appearance of the moorland character could be damaged by variation in land management practices that led to significant changes in the balance of ground cover types. 4. The introduction of further woodland or forest development in areas of open moorland, remote from watercourses, which would break up the continuity of land cover and interrupt or obstruct views. 5. Key landscape management priorities should be to protect it from fragmentation and encroachment by unsympathetic forms of development which could disrupt the wide and uncluttered horizontal views.

The large scale, vertical structures of the pylons and the linear nature of the proposed development would have the potential to contrast with or impact upon a number of the special qualities, including the expansive views and broad panoramas, the sense of simplicity and isolation and estate character of any existing built development. The sensitivity of change to the type of development proposed is therefore considered to be High.

Moray Areas of Great Landscape Value

There are eight areas identified in the study area as being Moray Areas of Great Landscape Value (AGLVs):

- Culbin Bar AGLV;

- Burghead Findhorn Coast AGLV;

- River Findhorn AGLV;

- Hopeman Cummingston Coast AGLV;

- Hopeman Lossiemouth Coast AGLV;

- Pluscarden AGLV;

- Speyside AGLV; and

- Findochty Cullen Coast AGLV.

These are covered in Policy E7 of the Moray Local Plan, 2008 and the proposed Moray Local Development Plan, which states that.

Development proposals which would have an adverse effect on an Area of Great Landscape Value will be refused unless:

a. they incorporate the highest standards of siting and design for rural areas, b. they will not have a significant adverse effect on the landscape character of the area, c. they are in general accordance with the guidance in the Moray and Nairn Landscape Character Assessment.

According to Policy E7, the aim of the designation is “to protect areas of strategically important landscapes from inappropriate development.” However it is not clear what Moray Council consider the strategic importance is of designated landscapes such as the AGLVs.

As described previously SPP and the SNH guidance on local landscape designations set out a consistent approach to local landscape designations. This includes instruction for local authorities to produce statements describing the special qualities and characteristics of designated areas, usually in the form of a citation, and justifying the extent of designated areas and their need for special protection. However, at the time of this report no citations were available for the Moray AGLVs. SPP also states that “the level of protection given to local designations through the development plan should not be as high as the level of protection given to international or national designations”. Therefore, in the absence of individual citations and in keeping with the rationale set out by SPP the AGLVs have been assigned a Medium sensitivity to reflect the analysis of the landscape and visual sensitivity of the constituent landscape character types, as set out in Appendix 2.

Former Aberdeenshire Areas of Landscape Significance

Areas of landscape significance (ALS) were formerly identified within the Aberdeenshire Local Plan 2006, however these were not carried forward into the Aberdeenshire Local Development Plan 2012 and have therefore lapsed as a designation. They were instead replaced by ‘Supplementary Guidance Landscape1: Landscape Character’ (SG LC1) and ‘Supplementary Guidance Landscape2: Valued Views’ (SG LC2). SG LC1 supports the conservation of the characteristics of the wider landscapes within Aberdeenshire according to the relevant landscape character assessments. SG LC2 sets out locally valued views in Aberdeenshire and affords them protection from developments that may have an adverse impact on their quality and character. However, the ‘Main Issues Report 2013: Valued Views Position Paper’ (MIR) identifies that as SGLC2 focusses on views it is not necessarily a ‘landscape designation’ and as they do “not provide any further information on the views”, it provides “significant difficulty in interpreting the policy”. Furthermore it identifies that the “views are in many cases unclear and unspecific”, some “are difficult to pinpoint and are potentially inaccessible” and that the list appears to be incomplete with no views having been identified in Banff and Buchan. As a result the MIR concludes that the “identified valued views are not fit for purpose” and therefore these have not been considered within this assessment. In relation to the ALS the MIR states that “the criteria used to identify these areas is now unknown” and that they “were also based on issues of ecological quality, and gave additional weight to landscapes which were deemed to be ecologically rich regardless of their local landscape value”. As these designations are lapsed and it is not possible identify if they were designated for their ecological or landscape qualities these have not been considered within their own right as part of the assessment. However, in the identification of landscape character type (LCT) sensitivities, reference has been made to where these areas overlap with landscape character types.

ANNEX F: NOTES ON NORTHERN, CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ROUTE CORRIDOR BOUNDARIES

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table F.1: Notes on Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridor Boundaries (Refer to Figures 4.20-4.36) Point Description of environmental constraints/rationale for corridor boundary 1 Corridor boundary follows the northern boundary of Beaufort Castle Garden & Designed Landscape 2 Corridor located to north of settlements at Cabrich. 3 Southern corridor remains on lower ground (lower than 60m AOD) 4 Corridor lies to south of Kirkhill 5 The corridor follows the buffer zone around Inverness. 6 The corridor is narrow in this location, to restrict it to area of Caledonian Canal containing existing transmission infrastructure 7 The corridor is aligned with the buffer zone around the Garden & Designed Landscape. 8 The corridor lies to the east of the buffer zone around a scheduled monument 9 Northern boundary of the corridor follows the buffer zone around Culloden settlement 10 Area excluded from potential corridor in order to avoid Culloden Conservation Area. In addition, the potential corridor is located to the north of the Conservation Area in order to limit the potential impacts on visual amenity from the visitor centre and battlefield. 11 Area excluded due to high landscape sensitivity, SSSI, scheduled monuments and open views from Culloden Battlefield visitor centre 12 Area excluded from corridor in order to avoid Croy settlement 13 Northern boundary of the corridor follows the edge of a SSSI 14 Area of high landscape sensitivity lies to the south of the potential corridor. 15 Corridor located downslope of a ridge edge, in order to allow back clothing of an OHL against higher ground and limit visual impact to north. 16 Corridor aligned with the northern boundary of Drynachan, Lochindorb and Dava Moors SLA 17 Corridor option adopts the same route corridor defined for the separate Knocknagael- Tomatin 275kV OHL project. The proposed Knocknagael-Tomatin 275kV OHL could be uprated to 400kV operation and incorporated in (and superseded by) these Projects. 18 Corridor is the same as that defined for Knocknagael-Tomatin 275kV OHL project. The proposed Knocknagael-Tomatin 275kV OHL could be uprated to 400kV operation and incorporated in (and superseded by) these Projects. 19 Area excluded from the potential corridor due to topography and to avoid breaking the skyline. 20 Area excluded from the potential corridor to avoid Loch Moy and Moy settlement (including listed buildings) 21 Corridor follows the 400m AOD contour. 22 Corridor includes terrain > 400m AOD in order to allow flexibility in routeing around Tomatin settlement. 23 Area excluded to respect visual quality along the Findhorn river valley. 24 Corridor includes terrain > 400m AOD, in order to allow flexibility in routeing around Tomatin settlement and in reducing visual impacts on river valley. 25 Corridor incorporates Carn na Croite hill (567m AOD) in order to allow flexibility in routeing either on the north or south side of the hill.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table F.1: Notes on Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridor Boundaries (Refer to Figures 4.20-4.36) Point Description of environmental constraints/rationale for corridor boundary 26 Corridor lies to the south of Auldearn settlement and Auldearn battlefield. 27 Corridor option lies to the south of a scheduled monument and is set back from the coastal edge and settlements 28 The corridor follows the buffer zone around the Darnaway Forest Garden & Designed Landscape and SAC, on its southern boundary, and the buffer zone around Brodie Castle Garden & Designed Landscape on its northern boundary. 29 Narrow corridor to avoid listed buildings. 30 The viewpoint shown on the OS mapping is low in the landscape and affords a view of the river valley. It is unlikely that the corridor options would be visible from this viewpoint. 31 Corridor includes Hill of Aitnoch in order to allow flexibility in routeing either on the north or south side of the hill. 32 The potential corridor includes the site of the proposed Cairn Duhie wind farm (application stage) which does not pose a constraint at this stage. 33 Corridor incorporates part of the approved Berry Burn wind farm site, in order to allow consideration of this area for identification of potential OHL route alignments. 34 Corridor lies to the north of Kellas Oakwood SSSI and Kellas settlement 35 Corridor includes the operational Rothes (Cairn Uish) and proposed Rothes 2 wind farms in this location, in order to allow detailed consideration of these sites in detailed OHL route selection. 36 Corridor lies to the north of Fogwatt and Millbuies Country Park 37 Corridor lies to the south of hill summits, and Buinach and Glen Latterach SSSI. 38 Corridor lies to south of high ground (Carn Kitty) 39 The corridor incorporates the summit of Carn Dearg in allow to allow consideration of a potential route alignment on either the north side or the south side of the hill 40 Area excluded to avoid area of high elevation on Brown Muir hill. Corridor follows the contour 50m below the hill summit. 41 Corridor excludes Burn of Ballintomb SSSI 42 Corridor boundary contours around the Hill of Slackmore. 43 Corridor lies to the south of Carn na Cailliche hill, to allow for potential backclothing in views from the south. 44 Corridor lies to the south of Cairn Cattoch and Hunt Hill, to allow for potential backclothing in views from the south. 45 Area excluded from the corridor to reduce impacts on housing allocation area at Archiestown. 46 Area excluded to avoid the steep valley, listed buildings and distillery. 47 Corridor excludes a larger area of high landscape sensitivity where crossing the River Spey SSSI and SAC is required. 48 Corridor circles around the north and east side of Keith, on the approach to Blackhillock substation, as there is no possibility to locate a corridor which would allow a direct route, due to the concentration of residential dwellings on the edge of Keith and the existing 275kV OHL. An OHL within this corridor would include a number of larger angle towers on the approach to Keith/Blackhillock substations.

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

Table F.1: Notes on Northern, Central and Southern Route Corridor Boundaries (Refer to Figures 4.20-4.36) Point Description of environmental constraints/rationale for corridor boundary 49 Corridor lies to the north and downslope of Ben Rinnes to avoid skylining and allow potential for backclothing of a new OHL alignment against the hillside. 50 Corridor avoids high elevation to the west 51 Corridor avoids high elevation to the west 52 Corridor lies east of Dorenell wind farm (approved) 53 Corridor boundary skirts the southern edge of Dufftown 54 Corridor lies to the south of Scout Hill and railway line 55 Area excluded to reduce potential impacts on the scheduled monument and listed building 56 Area excluded to reduce views from A96 57 Corridor lies to the north of Ruthven Castle listed building 58 Corridor lies to the east of Whitehill SSSI 59 Corridor lies to the east of Huntly 60 Corridor lies to the east of Coreen Hills SSSI 61 Corridor excludes Rhynie settlement and Rhynie geological SSSI 62 Area excluded to reduce views of a new OHL to the east from Coreen Hill viewpoint. 63 Corridor narrows, in order to use proposed substation at Rothienorman as a suitable point for crossing the existing 275kV OHL. Note that this substation is proposed as part of a separate project. 64 Corridor excludes Wartle Moss SSSI 65 Corridor excludes the residential settlements of Daviot and Mains of Glack 66 Corridor excludes historic battlefield to the west 67 Corridor excludes historic battlefield to the east 68 Narrow corridor between settlements at Kintore and Inverurie, due to concentration of residential dwellings. 69 Corridor excludes the Garden & Designed Landscape 70 Corridor excludes a cluster of listed buildings 71 Corridor excludes the Garden & Designed Landscape 72 Corridor excludes the Garden & Designed Landscape 73 Corridor lies to east of this settlement 74 Area excluded to reduce impacts on visual amenity of Knock Saul hill

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

ANNEX G: STATUTORY STAKEHOLDER FORUM MEETING MINUTES

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report

MINUTES

Subject: Proposed East of Beauly Reinforcement: Route Corridor Selection Study - Stakeholder Workshop

Attendees: Date: Cathy Cacace (CC), Scottish Government Energy Consents and 12th February 2015, Deployment Unit 10.45am - 3pm Ken McCorquodale (KMC), The Highland Council Beverly Smith (BS), The Moray Council Location: Wendy Forbes (WF), Aberdeenshire Council The Mansefield Hotel, Peter Fraser (PF), Aberdeenshire Council Mayne Road, Elgin, Matthew Hawkins (MH), Cairngorms National Park Authority IV30 1NY Susan Haslam (SH), Scottish Environment Protection Agency David Law (DL), Scottish Natural Heritage Jennifer Heatley (JH), Scottish Natural Heritage Nikki Hall (NH), Historic Scotland Ursula Szupszynska (US), Historic Scotland James Kerr (JK), River Don Fisheries Trust Keith Thomson (KT), SHE Transmission (Environmental Project Manager) Greig Taylor (GT), SHE Transmission (LT37/LT98 Project Manager) Chris Mairs (CM), SHE Transmission (Wayleaves Manager) Kenny Henderson (KH), SHE Transmission (Development Manager) Sam O’Connor (SOC), SHE Transmission (Corporate Communications) Maeve Fryday (MF), ENVIRON (Routing Study Project Director) Catherine MacKenzie (CMK), ENVIRON (Routing Study Project Manager) Samuel McKeever (SMK), ENVIRON (Landscape Architect)

Apologies: Jon Wilson, Defence Infrastructure Organisation Chris Conroy, Ness & Beauly Fisheries Trust Brian Shaw, Spey Fishery Board Polly Burns, Spey Fishery Board Bob Laughton, Findhorn, Nairn and Lossie Fisheries Trust Richie Miller, The Deveron, Bogie & Isla Rivers Charitable Trust David Jennings, Aberdeen City and Shire Strategic Development Planning Authority Neal MacPherson, The Moray Council

East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 2 - 12th February 2015

Items Discussed

1. Welcome and Introductions CC introduced the stakeholder forum for the project and described its remit – to provide a forum for considering the planning, environmental, cultural and natural heritage issues that will arise from the proposal CC also introduced the new e-planning system that the ECDU will introduce the first phase of in July 2015 – this will likely be one of the first projects to go into this system. The system will provide greater openness and transparency for consultation purposes. CMK provided an introduction to the agenda and structure of the workshop.

2. Project Need GT provided a summary of the project need, as follows:  NPF3 – sets out the need for strategic electricity grid reinforcements  Existing SHE Transmission System  New renewable energy generation projects and contracted generation  Likely that an additional substation will be required between Beauly and Blackhillock, to harvest generation along the route. KMC asked how big a new substation would need to be. GT confirmed that it is unclear what size a new substation would need to be; it would be a new node on the transmission network and it would be unlikely to be as large as the substations at Beauly and at Blackhillock.

3. Project Overview GT described the strategic options that have been identified to meet the project need, summarising the technical, environmental and economic factors that have led to selection of the most appropriate strategic options and the rejection of others. The two options chosen for further consideration were;  Construction of new double-circuit overhead line, in combination with replacement of existing infrastructure; and  Construction of new double-circuit overhead line for the entire length of the connection. It was noted that the strategic options will remain under review as the project moves through the route selection process. GT confirmed that the current project timescale is for operation of the new connection in 2024, subject to review of network requirements. KT described the consultation to date in terms of:  Consultation to March 2014, which comprised a high level introduction to the East of Beauly Reinforcement project (Beauly substation- Blackhillock substation only)  Consultation since March 2014, which comprised an introduction to further stakeholders, of the current scope of the project (i.e. Beauly- Blackhillock-Kintore substations). CC clarified that Ofgem undertake a detailed scrutiny of all new transmission connection proposals. The onus is therefore on the transmission companies to provide the most economic and efficient options. KMC made the point that the most sustainable solution (e.g. which takes account of potential impacts on tourism, amongst others) may not necessarily be that which represents the best cost and value (i.e. the Ofgem criteria). JK requested confirmation that the current intention is to install an overhead line rather than any underground cable, noting that underground cable can also have issues. East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 3 - 12th February 2015

GT confirmed that this is the current intention, as underground cable is comparatively much more expensive and would be technically challenging for a connection of the required voltage due to the potential land take required; however, this will be subject to review as the routing process progresses. DL suggested that some minor cabling may be included in the final route.

4. Route Corridor Selection Study CMK described the process of route corridor identification and comparison, as follows:  Collation and mapping of constraints information relating to various environmental topics – o landscape (analysis of Landscape Character Assessments, as well as reference to local level landscape designations, Wild Land Areas, CNP boundary, GDLs); o ecology (international level designations - SAC, Ramsar, SPA - national level designations – SSSIs - non-statutory classifications - RSPB reserves, Important Bird Areas, ancient woodland inventory, LNRs, SINCs); o cultural heritage (Listed Buildings, Scheduled Monuments, Conservation Areas, registered battlefields); o geology (SSSIs and Geological Conservation Review Sites); o hydrology (surface water features (lochs, rivers and streams), flood risk areas, private water supplies; o infrastructure (airports, RAF bases, wind farms (existing and proposed), landfills, gas pipelines, mineral sites, mines and quarries, transmission infrastructure); o residential (boundaries of existing settlements and properties); o recreational features (core paths, national cycle network routes, other recreational features, e.g. country parks, visitor centres, distilleries); o planning allocation areas (housing allocation areas, infrastructure proposals, e.g. dualling proposals for the A96, A9 and Inverness and Aberdeen airport expansion proposals)  Sensitivity assigned to each feature using professional judgement and with reference to the Holford Rules for transmission line routeing  ‘Heat map’ produced – most of the study area coloured amber  Areas of search defined, which sought to avoid red (high sensitivity) areas  Site reconnaissance undertaken, to gain a more detailed appreciation of the landscape, habitats, etc.  Potential corridors identified for comparison – northern route and southern route  The principal areas of note associated with the route corridor options were summarised, in terms of the northern corridor and the southern corridor (including variations). SMK operated the GIS system to display the high level constraints that had influenced corridor selection. The southern corridor was identified as the initial preference of SHE Transmission taking into account all technical, economic, social and environmental factors.

5. Discussion BS identified that Network Rail should be consulted with regard to future rail East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 4 - 12th February 2015 infrastructure, including potential new development near Forres. KMC suggested that, in the northern corridor, there may be potential for suitable mitigation to be identified which would allow a new OHL to cross the GDL and SPA at Darnaway, in order to avoid turning such a sharp corner. MF clarified that, for the purposes of high level corridor routeing, the corridor selection process aims to stick as closely to the provisions of the Holford Rules as possible. An exploration of mitigation options will be undertaken in more detail during the detailed routeing process, as appropriate. BS requested confirmation that the Moray Areas of Great Landscape Value had been considered as part of the heat mapping. SMK explained that local landscape designations have been considered alongside Landscape Character Types, in order to understand the potential capacity of each LCT within the designated areas to accommodate transmission infrastructure. KMC highlighted that the Dava Moor area will be particularly sensitive as it is important locally, and there will be concern if it does not appear to have been sufficiently taken into account. PF identified that the LCA are a classification, not a landscape value, and expressed the view that the Aberdeenshire (former) Areas of Landscape Significance should take precedence over the LCA. DL requested confirmation of what documentation would be produced to describe the route corridor selection process. CM confirmed that SHE Transmission will produce a Consultation Document in advance of the public consultation period, which will summarise the separate route corridor selection study and will request feedback from consultees. CC noted that it will be important to provide sufficient detail of the background and process of the routeing study, and rationale for corridor selection. CC also suggested that there would be a need for further refinement of the preferred corridor, as a single corridor without any variations, before the public consultation period. NH suggested that there may be value in consulting on both the northern and southern corridor. WF stated that it would be difficult for Aberdeenshire Council to be convinced at this stage that the southern corridor option is preferred. She stated that they would want to undertake their own analysis and would value the opportunity to come to a view on whether or not the southern route corridor is preferred. JH requested confirmation that potential cumulative impacts with existing and proposed wind farms had been considered in the route corridor selection process. CM asked whether there would be a preference to locate any new transmission infrastructure close to or away from a wind farm site. MH stated that any new substation should be located close to wind farm sites. GT confirmed that the site selection exercise for any new substation would consider the need and purpose of a new substation, as well as where it would best be located. MH stated that landscape quality would determine how best to fit any new infrastructure into the best location, with least impact. PF agreed that the reasons for designation of areas of landscape quality should not be discounted and should not mean that, in areas of existing development, it is necessarily possible to add more. Consultation should be undertaken about options. KMC reiterated that The Highland Council would have real concern about Dava Moor, based on the importance of local landscape designations to local authorities and local communities. He requested further detail of why a link East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 5 - 12th February 2015 between the northern and southern corridors southeast of Inverness, in the vicinity of Daviot, had been discounted – this would avoid crossing Dava Moor. KMC also highlighted the importance of the Nairn-Grantown National Tourist Route and the designation in NPF3 of the A9 as a scenic corridor, and was keen to ensure these factors are taken into account. BS stated that the Spey Valley needs very careful consideration, as there are a lot of major developments and investment in this area, including distilleries. GT reminded all attendees that the heat map shows the study area as mostly amber, and that SHE Transmission is aware that any route will have challenges. DL asked if there was any cost difference identified between the two corridor options. GT confirmed that no particular cost differences are identified at this stage. KMC requested clarity on the rationalisation opportunities between Knocknagael and Tomatin. There is an existing 132kV line in this location, and KMC wished to understand what new infrastructure would go in and what would be retained. GT explained that the connection proposed as part of a separate project is for a new 275kV line. However, the towers constructed as part of this project would be capable of supporting a 400kV line. The existing 132kV line between Knocknagael and Farr would be removed after the new connection is operational. MH requested confirmation of whether the replacement line would be in parallel to the existing. MF explained that the route of a new connection is determined by the presence/absence of environmental constraints and technical factors (e.g. requirement for a certain distance between two lines); therefore, it is not necessarily possible to route a new line alongside an existing line. DL requested confirmation of the design of the towers, including height, span length, wayleaves, etc. GT confirmed that the new towers are likely to be of a smaller scale than the Beauly-Denny connection, with the basic towers likely to be 45-46m in height. In terms of design, they are likely to be similar to the existing towers at Blackhillock substation but constructed of higher tensile steel so appear slimmer. DL suggested that the new Beauly-Kintore connection would cross similar terrain, with similar topography and weather issues, to the Beauly-Denny connection. GT confirmed that this is a possibility in some locations and it will depend on the final route. Beauly Denny type towers may be used in specific locations or shorter span lengths may be sufficient. Detailed design is required PF stated that the routeing study appears to have limited the connection options at an early stage in the process. The main issue is landscape character, and the southern corridor crosses wilder land, while the northern corridor is more agricultural. Within Aberdeenshire, a similar weight of preference could be given to both corridors; although, in landscape terms, there is a very clear preference for the northern corridor. Therefore, both corridors should be kept for further analysis at this stage. In addition, the environment has an economic value and it would seem detrimental to the project to state a preference at this stage. CC stated that there would be the risk of creating a division if we are to present two widely varied corridors to the public for comment. MH requested further detail of the criteria and weighting used in the routeing study, in order to determine the preferences. He suggested that a simplified version of the rationale should be clearly presented to the public, including an element of choice. People should be allowed to see how we got to a preferred route, and lessons learned from the Beauly-Denny project should be applied. CC stated that the public should also be made aware of how the project will be East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 6 - 12th February 2015 paid for (i.e. through electricity prices). MH confirmed that further detail of the weighting applied to each environmental factor is required in order to facilitate a greater understanding.

6. Lunch and Examination of Potential Corridors on Maps Over lunch, the maps were displayed on the wall, and the following comments were stuck to the map using post-it notes (locations added in brackets):  Culloden – what is the potential impacts? Is it clear?  Auchindoun Castle – potential setting impact?  Numerous potential heritage setting impacts (Aberdeenshire)  Choose the option which makes the best use of existing infrastructure (Highland/Strathnairn)  Avoidance of flood plain (near Findhorn bridge)  Undisturbed carbon rich soils – avoid as much as possible (near Knockdhu and on Dava Moor)  Locate in areas previously disturbed such as forestry plantation (near Knockando)  Avoid the flood plains (Charlestown of Aberlour)  Please assess Knocknagael-Daviot-Cawdor route, i.e. north of Drynachan, Dava, Lochindorb SLA, to see if a feasible corridor exists.  Cumulative issues in this area likely (near Cabrach)  Make use of previously disturbed area such as forestry (Coreen Hills)  For detailed identification of final line, a landform analysis should form part of decision-making process.

7. Post-Lunch Discussion and Round-up CC summarised the results of the discussion so far, identifying that the approach to identification of SHE Transmission’s initial preferred corridor had not yet been presented in sufficient detail to allow a full understanding of the basis for the initial preferences. CC suggested that a further stakeholder workshop should be convened. Second stakeholder workshop to be MH requested that more information should be provided in advance of the next convened in late April workshop (at least 2 weeks prior). 2015. WF requested sufficient time to relay the information to others within Further information on Aberdeenshire Council, before the next workshop. heat mapping and It was agreed that the next workshop would be scheduled for late April 2015. sensitivity criteria to be CC requested that, at the next workshop, SHE Transmission should provide a provided to stakeholders full overview of Ofgem requirements, including what is required under in advance of workshop. Transmission Licence conditions. She also requested that detail be provided of how a proposal gets taken forward through consenting, asset adjustment events, etc. She stressed that it was important to avoid some of the complications that the Beauly-Denny connection experienced. DL requested that the next workshop includes a presentation on the Section 37 consenting process, led by CC, as this would be useful to ensure that all attendees can effectively engage internally within their organisations. DL also requested that project timescales, as currently projected, should be clearly set out in the presentation at the next workshop. CC confirmed that the project timescale should include detail of the various EIA stages, including screening, scoping, etc. MF clarified that, as the development will be a Schedule 1 development as defined within the Electricity Works (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations 2000, a formal EIA will automatically be required. Therefore, an EIA screening request would be submitted only to note the starting East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 7 - 12th February 2015 point for the EIA and would be likely to comprise a short letter setting out why the development is a Schedule 1 development. KMC confirmed that the development will be similar to a major development submitted to a local authority, for which a developer would allow a minimum of 12 weeks prior to application to submit a Proposal of Application Notice (PoAN) and undertake public consultation on the final design. The process followed could be used for this project in that a PoAN triggers a new stage for THC, when the PoAN is taken to the planning committee in a formal Major Application Hearing and committee members can raise any issues of concern (not stating opinions). KMC explained how valuable this process is, in his experience, in terms of informing the planning committees about projects, prior to the public consultation exercise. KMC suggested further dialogue could be held with Aberdeenshire and Moray Council’s regarding a coordinated approach. BS confirmed that Moray Council have a similar process for major applications. CM confirmed that SHE Transmission Corporate Communications team have started some dialogue with the elected members. KMC confirmed that THC have a planning committee meeting scheduled for June 2015, which may link with the proposed timescale for public consultation and help to keep timing and information consistent.

8. Next Steps CM summarised the next steps as follows:  Dissemination of further information regarding the route corridor selection study;  Second stakeholder meeting to discuss, including presentation of items raised above;  Landowner consultation, including provision of high level information;  Production and issue of Consultation Document, for stakeholders and public;  Public consultation events;  Analysis of consultation responses and review of corridor preference as required;  Production and issue of Report on Consultation, summarising the consultation process, feedback and routeing responses. WF confirmed that the heat maps and justification of the weighting assigned to individual environmental features is the critical information needed in advance of the second stakeholder meeting. CC confirmed that the agenda for the next meeting should include:  Transmission Licence holder responsibilities  Section 37 consenting process description  Review of route corridor identification and selection criteria.

MINUTES

Subject: Proposed East of Beauly Reinforcement: Route Corridor Selection Study - Consultee Workshop

Attendees: Date: Cathy Cacace (CC), Scottish Government Energy Consents and 28th April 2015, Deployment Unit 10.45am - 3pm Lesley Tosun (LS), Scottish Government Energy Consents and Deployment Unit Location: Ken McCorquodale (KMC), The Highland Council SHE Transmission Neal MacPherson (NMP), The Moray Council 200, Ashgrove Road West, David Jennings (DJ), Aberdeen City and Shire Strategic Development Aberdeen, Planning Authority AB16 5NY Stuart Murison (SM), Aberdeenshire Council Peter Fraser (PF), Aberdeenshire Council Jonathan Young (JY), Scottish Environment Protection Agency Jennifer Heatley (JH), Scottish Natural Heritage Ursula Szupszynska (US), Historic Scotland Polly Burns (PB), Spey Fishery Board James Kerr (JK), River Don Fisheries Trust Richie Miller (RM), The Deveron, Bogie & Isla Rivers Charitable Trust Keith Thomson (KT), SHE Transmission (Environmental Project Manager) Greig Taylor (GT), SHE Transmission (LT37/LT98 Project Manager) Chris Mairs (CM), SHE Transmission (Wayleaves Manager) Catriona MacLachlan, SHE Transmission (Wayleaves Officer) Maeve Fryday (MF), ENVIRON (Routing Study Project Director) Catherine MacKenzie (CMK), ENVIRON (Routing Study Project Manager) Samuel McKeever (SMK), ENVIRON (Landscape Architect)

Apologies: David Law, Scottish Natural Heritage Nikki Hall, Historic Scotland Susan Haslam, Scottish Environment Protection Agency Jon Wilson, Defence Infrastructure Organisation Chris Conroy, Ness & Beauly Fisheries Trust Brian Shaw, Spey Fishery Board Bob Laughton, Findhorn, Nairn and Lossie Fisheries Trust

East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 2 - 28th April 2015

Items Discussed

1. Welcome and Introductions N/A CC welcomed attendees and presented the agenda for the meeting.

2. Remit and Purpose of the Meeting N/A CC reminded attendees of the remit of the stakeholder forum for the project – to provide a forum for considering the planning, environmental, cultural and natural heritage issues that will arise from the proposal. CC added that other consultees may join the group over time where necessary. CC also described the purpose of the meeting – to allow feedback on the information pack and to undertake a review of the corridor options identified.

3. Outcomes from Workshop 12 February 2015 N/A CC reminded attendees of the outcomes that were identified from the previous consultation meeting on 12th February 2015, including how these linked with the current agenda and the information pack provided to all attendees on 10th April 2015.

4. Section 37 Consenting Process LT provided an overview of the Section 37 consenting process, as follows:  Internal Review of Scottish Government ECDU Consenting Processes  Stakeholder Forums  Scoping  Processing Section 37 Applications In summary, LT stated that the main thing to come out of the internal review undertaken by the ECDU is that a greater level of involvement from the ECDU from the early stages of large projects is a key requirement. Stakeholder forums are being established in order to meet this requirement and this is one of the first projects to which this new approach is being applied. All projects concerning national infrastructure will require stakeholder forums going forward. KMC stated that it seemed ambitious that all national projects would be able to THC, TMC and go through full Council, not just the relevant planning committees, in such a short Aberdeenshire Council to time (2 months). The frequency of full Council meetings may be an issue. In provide indicative dates addition, there may be off-site elements of a project that would need planning of full Council meetings permission but which would be outside of the red line boundary under to end of 2016. consideration in a section 37 consent application, which may delay a decision on the main project. KMC also queried the new e-planning application process that is being introduced, and asked whether it would be a system that everyone will require to become familiar with and which will ensure that everyone has access to the most recent version of documents.

KT confirmed that this latter item would also be very helpful to SHE Transmission as a developer and added that relevant information could also be included on a SHE Transmission project specific website when it is up and running. NMP asked whether it would be feasible at this stage to set a nominal pre- determination date that all Councils could keep to. He also requested that the e- planning system has the capacity to accept documents of a file size larger than 10MB. JY confirmed that SEPA has a regulatory role as well as a role as a consultee in CC to respond to all on the planning process, which should also be considered in to the consenting Section 37 queries raised timescale. CC noted all of the above queries for future response. East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 3 - 28th April 2015

5. Transmission Licence Holder Responsibilities N/A GT described transmission licence holder responsibilities under the Electricity Act 1989:  National Electricity Transmission System – transmission licence holders must cover both planned un-planned events;  RIIO (Revenue = Incentives + Innovation + Outputs) – the regulatory framework used to set price controls and regulate the performance of the network companies. This is driving SHE Transmission to become much more stakeholder focussed and to provide value for money.  Strategic Wider Works (SWW) - large transmission projects to strengthen or extend the electricity transmission system. Costs to consumers vs. risk to security of supply.  Role of Ofgem – to check whether the proposed reinforcement is eligible for consideration under the SWW arrangements. Ofgem assesses multiple factors (esp. timescale of reinforcement and cost of not doing the upgrade and therefore not allowing electricity to be generated where capacity exists) in order to make a decision to grant funding. Ofgem’s main purpose is to get the best value for the customer. Transmission licence holders must submit a comprehensive needs case to Ofgem alongside details of the reinforcement proposal.  Decision – Ofgem can impose conditions on a transmission licence decision; these are usually imposed in order to make the reinforcement more economic and more efficient. DJ queried how the estimated 12-15 months required for Ofgem to make a licensing decision would fit with the planning process. GT confirmed that this comes after a planning consent is obtained, and can often add a substantial amount of time to project timescale. PB queried whether the Ofgem decision-making process is an iterative process. GT confirmed that the process is iterative – a Needs Case is submitted to Ofgem in the first instance, following which Ofgem typically take around 3 months to issue a decision. Then further work is completed before an application can be submitted. MF queried what level of engagement there is with Ofgem prior to the section 37 consenting process. GT confirmed that there is some level of engagement, but it may be beneficial for the SHE-T to engage in dialogue with Ofgem at an earlier stage than is typical.

6. Assessment Process N/A MF described the transmission line routeing process, from identification of a preferred corridor, to identification of a preferred route within that corridor and finally detailed environmental impact assessment of the proposed route. She placed the route corridor selection study in its context, as the first stage in the assessment process and emphasised that, at each stage, every output will be subject to stakeholder and public consultation.

7. Route Corridor Selection Study – Overview MF described the purpose and objectives of the route corridor selection study. MF also described the policy and guidance that is being applied to the route corridor selection study. In particular, the Holford Rules are referred to within the guidance for high voltage transmission line routeing. The Holford Rules most pertinent to the identification of route corridors prioritise the following: 1) avoidance of major areas of highest amenity; 2) avoidance of smaller areas of high amenity; and 3) consideration of factors such as backdrop, woodland and orientation. The guidance also recognises that a key consideration should be the effect of an East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 4 - 28th April 2015

OHL on the landscape and visual resource, and the types of mitigation that could avoid, minimise or offset any such effects should be considered.

7. Route Corridor Selection Study – Methodology CMK described the methodology for the route corridor selection study, with reference to the Information Pack issued to stakeholders on 10th April 2015 (Ref. M_UK1220600_3_EofBeauly_CorridorStudy_infopack). a) Environmental Baseline Data Gathering CMK described the environmental baseline data gathered, including how this had been collated into Project GIS system for further analysis b) Sensitivity Analysis and Heat Mapping CMK confirmed the sensitivity that has been ascribed to environmental topics using formal guidance for individual disciplines. This has been reviewed following Workshop 1, as described in the Information Pack. A combined heat map for the entire study area was displayed (Figures 7-11 of the Information Pack), with the only difference being that wind farms are no longer included in the route corridor selection study. It has been determined that the wind farm site boundaries are not sufficiently accurate (regarding where turbines are/would be located) to inform the route corridor selection study and that wind farms will be considered specifically at the route selection stage. c) Identification of Rationalisation and Efficiency Opportunities CMK confirmed that the route corridor selection study has also considered the potential opportunities for rationalisation of existing infrastructure and efficiencies with other planned new infrastructure. Although no route corridor can guarantee any particular rationalisation/efficiency, these opportunities are recognised at an early stage to allow consideration of potential mitigation. GT described the rationalisation and efficiency opportunities associated with a northern, central or southern corridor. PB queried the relationship between the net lengths of new line and the number of towers that were given. GT confirmed that the distance between the 132kV towers was less than that between the 400kV towers; therefore, more 132kV towers would be dismantled than new 400kV towers erected for any similar route length. NMP queried whether any of the northern, central or southern connection options would lead to a more robust transmission network overall. GT confirmed that retaining the 132 kV network may make future upgrades more feasible, although no future need has been identified at this stage. KMC stated that, although the table within the presentation provides a good simplification of options, it does not address the additional substations that would be required for the northern option, which would add to the overall cost of the project. DJ stated that, in addition, the dismantling of a 132 kV line is not directly comparable with construction of a new 400 kV line – the table only captures the length, but does not address the differing visual impact. CC queried whether Option 3 (the southern option) would be better from a network capacity point of view (as a proposed 275 kV OHL would be superseded by a 400 kV OHL). GT confirmed that SHE Transmission network studies have determined that this configuration works; however, he was unsure if it would provide any additional capacity. DJ commented on the number of OHL routes between Beauly and Blackhillock, stating that Option 2 would seem to result in 4 different OHL routes, whereas Options 1 and 3 would only have 3. GT confirmed that the northern (Option 1) and the southern (Option 3) corridors East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 5 - 28th April 2015 replaced existing 132kV lines while the central (Option 2) corridor would be additional infrastructure

8. Discussion of Route Corridors SMK described the additional analysis that had been undertaken in response to th queries raised at the 12 February workshop, in terms of landscape, cultural heritage, soils and flood plain. He described the new corridor options that had been added. NMP agreed to check the emerging Moray Local Plan (likely to be adopted in summer 2015), to confirm whether any designations have changed. NMP also NMP to confirm if any agreed that it was a good approach to take out wind farms from the list of designations have features considered in the route corridor selection study, as these are usually changed in Moray Local focussed on the least sensitive areas. Plan MF provided an introduction of how the small group discussions were to be organised.

8. Discussion of Route Corridors – Landscape, Cultural Heritage and Recreation The following discussion points and feedback were provided: Historic Scotland (HS)

 Corridor boundaries are acceptable to HS  Conservation Areas are not national designations; therefore HS would make these amber not red  Happy with methodology, if anything it is overly strict due to the Conservation Areas  If non-inventory GDLs and other heritage assets were included, HS would make these green heat (low sensitivity) to fit with the levels of heat vs hierarchy of designations – SMK responded that, due to the nature of the heat mapping, if any further designations were added as green this would

not alter the combined heat mapping.  US requested an updated copy of the GIS layer for the corridor options ENVIRON to send  US offered to provide information on the heritage assets within the corridor updated shapefiles of the areas, although they acknowledged that this may be a bit too much corridor options to HS information at this stage. – SMK agreed that this information would be very valuable for the detailed routing study, once a preferred corridor is identified.

Aberdeenshire Council (Landscape officer)

 Agreed that the routeing principles have been followed  Concern was raised over the southern corridor areas in Aberdeenshire; however, it was acknowledged that there is potential for a route between Kintore and Keith.  In terms of landscape and visual amenity, PF would be more comfortable with the northern corridor.  Concern was raised regarding the potential for adverse impacts on the landscape of the Don Valley

 PF will provide updates on progress of the new Aberdeenshire local landscape designations, including sending us draft locations. PF to provide regular  PF confirmed that Aberdeenshire Council is reasonably content now with the updates on the progress approach to local landscape designations and LCT sensitivities within the of designating new route corridor selection study. Special Landscape Areas Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) in Aberdeenshire.  JH confirmed that Appendices 2 & 3 within the Information Pack were very helpful although the SNH Landscape Architects have not yet reviewed.  JH confirmed that SNH is happy to see that Dava Moor has been reconsidered, and would prefer the central corridor in that location.  JH confirmed that SNH is happy with the corridor boundaries in environmental terms.  JH noted that the corridor is slightly limited and narrow between Aberlour and Dufftown East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 6 - 28th April 2015

8. Discussion of Route Corridors – Planning The following discussion points and feedback were provided: NMP asked if there are areas of 132/275 kV outwith a potential corridor which are identified as rationalisation opportunities? It was confirmed that there was no justification in the Project Need to consider unrelated mitigation on circuits that are currently fit for purpose. It is unlikely that those impcated by the new 400kV line would benefit from unrelated mitigation opportunities. NMP noted that local interest needs to be clearly considered. NMP indicated that the A96 upgrade corridor has been finalised as far as Nairn and should be included as infrastructure; a number of points where corridors overlap with confirmed or likely elements of the A96 upgrade were highlighted. DJ noted that A96 routing in the east of the study area is not determined, however the corridor around Inverurie (between Inverurie and Kintore) is considered critical by Transport Scotland. DJ asked about the timing of the application for the East of Beauly project and how this may coincide with confirmation of A96 route in this area. DJ also noted the potential for the gap between Inverurie and Kintore to close depending on the location of a likely requirement for a grade separated junction in this area. KMC noted that SHE Transmission should be mindful of questions arising about why the project has not considered corridor options within the Cairngorms National Park (CNP), and about why the Balblair substation is to see further development as part of this project. KMC expressed concern about the capacity to be installed at Knocknagael substation and whether this would result in growth of this substation. (Post Meeting Note – the current scope of the works planned around Knocknagael can be contained within the existing security fence at Knocknagael) KMC indicated that he broadly agreed with the corridor options identified and stated his assumption that the corridor that would require further development to maintain connections at Nairn, Keith and Elgin would be dismissed. KMC also noted that he could see the value in upgrading the Knocknagael – Tomatin OHL as part of this project, but his concern remains about where the OHL would go from there, with the obvious corridor option being to cross Dava Moor rather than continue further south and into the CNP. KMC expressed a strong preference for the corridors to avoid Dava Moor, by taking the central corridor which could take advantage of local topography for screening, back- clothing etc. KMC noted that the proposed Cairn Duhie wind farm has not yet been determined, and there is no certainty that it will get a consent. NMP noted that the heat map clearly steers the corridors away from the northern-most corridor given the extent of settlement in that part of the study area, noting further that the political nature of how the local authorities will comment on an application will be strongly influenced by this. The northern most corridor is problematic in this respect, and while there might be rationalisation opportunities, it is unlikely that dismantling of OHLs would directly offset impacts from a new OHL (i.e. the same people who have their visual amenity improved by dismantling are unlikely to be the same people who have a new impact from this project). SM expressed concerns about the southern route at the eastern end, in particular local level concerns around Bennachie. In addition the corridor is very narrow at certain points with some challenging topography. NMP suggested that the land classifications for wind farm suitability may be useful as reference, with most grace given to closed valleys and the areas between the more settled coastal plains to the north and the upland areas to the south. This may provide opportunities to minimise impacts by working with the East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 7 - 28th April 2015 landscape features present. NMP also highlighted a number of locally important amenity areas close to the larger settlements in the northern corridor area which should be avoided (given they would be problematic at the routing stage). The discussion progressed to a discussion of which corridor may be preferred in planning terms, starting at Beauly. The likely preferred corridor was identified as the middle corridor, avoiding Dava Moor, as far as an area identified as a decision point to the south of Keith. At that point the discussion turned to starting from Kintore to determine whether there was a likely preferred corridor working westwards from that point, and if this would logically join up with the likely preferred corridor at the decision point to the south of Keith. The consensus was to use the corridor going south west from Kintore, curving to the north west to the south of Bennachie and then continuing north west along the middle of the central corridor as far as the decision point to the south of Keith. Although SM did note that careful evaluation of the merits of the middle vs the southern areas of the central corridor in this area would be needed. DJ also noted that there are East Coast railway line influences on the eastern end of the study areas and that careful evaluation of the preferred corridor should be undertaken to the west of the point identified as a ‘decision point’ to the west of Bennachie. DJ enquired as to whether a fully marine cabled solution had been considered. GT confirmed that it had at the Strategic Options stage but this had been discounted on grounds of cost, the number of cables that would be required and the significant electrical losses associated with the available proven technology, in addition to the likely significant environmental effects associated with the technical requirement to establish a large number of cables through an SAC.

8. Discussion of Route Corridors – Ecology, Fisheries and Environmental Protection The following discussion points and feedback were provided: Spey Fishery Board; The Deveron, Bogie & Isla Rivers Charitable Trust; River Don Fisheries Trust  PB confirmed that the Aberlour/Dufftown area is of interest for tourism, particularly connected with the number of distilleries  PB also confirmed that the Telford bridge, crossing the River Spey at Craigellachie, is a popular tourist destination.  RM confirmed that the Deveron and Bogie rivers are crossed by potential corridor options. Although the Deveron is not designated as an SAC, there are two SPAs near the top of the river. The river crossings would be the only issue from a fisheries perspective.  RM commented that the Glenfiddich estate may be concerned regarding any impact on fisheries.  JK highlighted that the northern corridor between Keith and Kintore includes a loop of the River Don, in the area between Inverurie and Kintore – the corridor may potentially need to be narrower in this location, to reduce the number of watercourse crossings.  RM confirmed that he considered the southern corridor option (between Dufftown and Kintore) would be better, as much of this area is owned by a single landowner (Cabrach estate). SEPA  JY raised a concern about the potential siting of a new substation in an area of flood plain, around Aberlour – CMK confirmed that we are aiming to keep the corridor wide enough in this location that it would encompass any area under consideration for a new substation and that flood plain would be considered at the more detailed site selection/route selection stage.  JY confirmed that, in terms of potential impacts on carbon rich soils, the southern corridor options would be least preferred (crossing Dava Moor), while the middle corridor option would be more acceptable and the northern East of Beauly Reinforcement Workshop - 8 - 28th April 2015

corridor would be likely to avoid any areas of carbon rich soil. SNH  JH confirmed that there are fresh water pearl mussels (FWPM) on the River Spey, with some areas already known as having larger populations than others – e.g. the Knockando estate, area near Forres, records on the River Findhorn. CMK confirmed that detailed survey and assessment would be undertaken to inform detailed routing once a preferred corridor is confirmed.  JH also stated that habitats should be considered which lie close to the edge of a corridor – e.g. blanket bog. If there is likely to be an impact on hydrology, this may affect a habitat which is downstream of it, even if it is outside of a corridor.  In terms of bird species, JH confirmed that the SPAs within the study area are designated for different species, some of which fly further from the edge of the SPA than others. JH agreed to forward a link to the SNH guidance on SPA connectivities, which provides information on dispersal and foraging distances for a range of bird species which are qualifying interests of SPAs.  Examples of SPA designated species in the study include osprey, capercallie, geese, gulls – SNH can supply species records and relevant contact information when required. 9. Plenary and Discussion N/A A round-table discussion took place, during which each group summarised their discussions to all.

10. Summary and Next Steps CC summarised the actions as agreed. CC requested that SHE Transmission prepare a stakeholder engagement plan, SHE Transmission to in order to set out the actions going forward, over the next 6-12 months initially. prepare stakeholder This should set out the proposed timing for the next meeting of statutory engagement plan by consultees within the stakeholder forum. summer 2015, in KMC requested that a Processing Agreement with the ECDU is drafted for the discussion with next meeting. This should contain a project description, which sets out what ENVIRON and ECDU might be required as part of the East of Beauly Reinforcement, e.g. CAR licence applications, other planning applications for substations, etc. KMC suggested that the local authorities should present the project to their elected members once a preferred corridor has been established, but before the public consultation period. This would allow elected members the opportunity to raise any ‘observations’ at an early stage. GT requested guidance from the local authorities on the preferred planning strategy based on experience, with regard to the timing of substation planning applications and the section 37 application for the OHL – should these be done together or one before the other? KMC suggested SHE Transmission should be applying for extended planning consents, i.e. 5 years rather than 3. CC suggested that the next meeting should be held in Q4 2015, after public consultation and subsequent confirmation of the preferred corridor and once the detailed OHL route selection process has commenced. It was agreed that this meeting would be held in Inverness.

ANNEX H: STATUTORY STAKEHOLDER INFORMATION PACK (Enclosed as separate file)

Beauly – Blackhillock Reinforcement and Blackhillock – Kintore Reinforcement Route Corridor Selection Study Report