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Assessment of Water Quality in Tons River in and Around

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Assessment of Water Quality in Tons River in and Around International Journal of Applied and Universal Research E- ISSN No: 2395-0269 Volume VII, Issue I, February 2020 Available online at: www.ijaur.com ICHTHIYO FAUNAL DIVERSITY OF BANSAGAR DAM, SHAHDOL (M.P.) Dr. Mahesh Bhupati Guest Lecturer Zoology Govt. College Shahpura, Dindori M.P. ABSTRACT:- problem in the context of the immense potential The present study is aimed to investigate fish fauna of ofresources for exploitation, has been instrumental in the Bansagar dam. There are several types of fresh water this initiation of development of fisheries in many fishes present in the dam. In the present ichthyofaunal countries where it never existed to any significance, as study, All together 23 species of fishes were recorded well as in encouraging expansion of fisheries where it during study period belonging to 5 orders and 10 already existed. families. Order cypriniformes was represented by one family 8, genera and 11 species. Order Siluriformes was Fish culture on commercial scales is a recent innovation represented by 5 families, 5 genera and 7 species. Order to fisheries but it has assumed great significance for the Cyprinidontiformes and Clupeiformes were represented great prospects it holds; and it is therefore being adopted each by1 family, 1 genus and 1 species while order by countries one after the other. Fish culture too is perciformes was represented by 3 families, 3 genera and practiced in both fresh water and salt water. With 3 species. The percentage contribution of five orders of expanding fisheries the world over fish production fishes was recorded as 48%, 30.4%, 4.3%, 13.0% and started influencing the national economy of the countries 4.3% for Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, to a large extent. Fisheries sprang up as an important Cyprinidontiformes, Perciformes and Clupeiformes industry in many parts of the earth. It also opened respectively. Among the different families of fishes, immense job potentials as a means of living and income. family Cyprinidae showed its dominance gaining 48% in In India, a sizeable part of the population is engaged in the species structure. There is rich fish diversity in the fish culture industry for their income and living. Shahdol region of Madhya Pradesh. Fishes maintain Trade in fish established itself at national and aquatic ecosystem hence there is need for conservation international markets. The fish trade center of West strategies. Bengal in India is worth mentioning. At international level, exports and imports of fish and fish products KEYWORDS:-Ichthyofaunal, Richness, Cypriniformes, increased tremendously in recent years, influenced by Bansagar dam the natural resources, feeding habits, needs and demands for fish, the current status of fishery of the land, the INTRODUCTION:- technology of utilization and preservation of fish as a commodity. Fish enjoys a very special consideration and place in human civilization from times immemorial. Its food The word fish is concerned to a heterogeneous gathering value, gastronomic, culinary and nutritional values of aquatic chordates animals comprised of hagfish and brings it to the fore. Many species of fish rank in the lampreys, sharks, rays and chimaeras, and the finned category of "Gourmet par excellence". Several others are bony fishes. The latter is by far the main diverse group sought as luxury food in expensive restaurants. Apart and is well shown in fresh water system, while the others from this, a sizeable number of food-fishes, both are prevalently marine gatherings. Freshwater fishes freshwater and salt water, are put in the category of have a tendency to be more-or-less confined drainage excellent, very good, good and fair, depending upon system, provide relatively a conservative system for local, regional and national consideration of taste, examining patterns of distribution that may reflect the preferences and eating habits. The growing realization of imprint of past continental and climate changes. The the importance of the fish as food and of the role this fact main role of fish in river food chain and food webs has might play in meeting the ever increasing global food been hotly debated. 6 | P a g e International Journal of Applied and Universal Research E- ISSN No: 2395-0269 Volume VII, Issue I, February 2020 Available online at: www.ijaur.com Economically fishes are very important used as food. For A large number of dams and reservoir are constructing successful fish forming in dams and reservoirs, it is during the recent year to provide water for irrigation and essential to make a detailed hydrological study of the power production. These bodies of water offer immense water body. Suitable species that are stocked in dams are scope for fish culture for successful fish farming in dam the major carps. These are capable of adjusting and reservoir. Bansagar dam is very productive more successfully to ecological condition of the reservoir. The work has been carried out of fish fauna. The distribution exotic carps also Thrives in manmade lakes or dam are of fish species is quite variable because of geographical suitable species for culture. and geological condition. Distribution of Icthyofaunal population in the ecosystem, Hence the present work is an attempt to accumulate their composition and seasonal variation are essential information pertaining to various aspect of fish diversity prerequisite for any successful resources management. of standing water bodies from this part of peninsular Species diversity is a property of the population level India. The present investigation has been carried out on while the functional diversity concept is more strongly Bansagar dam. The Bansagar Dam is a multipurpose related to ecosystem stability and stresses, physical and river valley project on Sone river situated in Ganga chemical factors for determining population dynamic in Basin in Madhya Pradesh envisaging both irrigation and the lentic ecosystem (Kar and Barbhuiya, 2004). Fishes hydroelectric power generation. The Bansagar Dam have a range of physiological tolerances that are across Sone river has been constructed at village, dependent upon which species they belong to. They have Deolond in Shahdol district on Rewa-Shahdol road, at a different lethal temperature, dissolved oxygen distance of 51.4 km from Rewa. Bansagar Dam is requirements and spawning needs that are based on their located at latitude 24°11'30"N and longitude 81°17'15"E. activity levels and behaviors. Because fishes are highly mobile, they are able to deal with unsuitable abiotic MATERIAL AND METHODS:- factors in one zone by simply moving to another. Fishes exhibit enormous diversity in their morphology, in the Different kind of fishes were collected from the selected habitats they occupy and in their biology. Unlike the sites with the help of fisherman of the work on the dam other commonly recognized vertebrates, fishes are by using different types of craft, gears and nets and after noting down color and other external feature were heterogeneous assemblage (Forese and Pauly, 1998). preserved in 4% formalin, seasonal collection were made They can be used for ecological assessment (Harris, from November 2011 to December 2013. 1995). Besides, they are considered as important protein rich food source. Therefore, it is need of the hour to study fish diversity in order to conserve water bodies and increase our national economy by culturing them on scientific basis. Many workers have studied Taxonomy, Biodiversity and Distribution of fishes found in freshwater bodies of various parts of India. David (1963) recorded fish fauna of Godavari and Krishna river. Very less information is available about fish fauna, present in lotic and lentic habitats. Jha D. N., et. al., (2014), Due to regulation of natural flow of all major rivers for fulfilling water demand of Fig. 1. A View of Bansagar Dam agriculture and power sectors without giving any Standard identification key were used for identification attention to fisheries sector, rivers have lost their of specimen up to species level, using standard key and character and fisheries have suffered huge losses. literature (Day Francis. 1971; Agarwal SC. 1994 and Jhingran VG 1982). The classifications of fishes on 7 | P a g e International Journal of Applied and Universal Research E- ISSN No: 2395-0269 Volume VII, Issue I, February 2020 Available online at: www.ijaur.com economic importance were done by following the age at which they spawn their mortality rates and its proforma given by Jhingran, VG (1982) and Lagler, KF causes, on what they prey upon along with other (1956). biological processes. RESULT AND DISCUSSION:- Fishes are the first vertebrates with jaws. They are cold- Fish have great significance in the life of mankind, being blooded animals that breath by means of gills, live in an important natural source of protein and providing water and move with the help of fins. Fishes differ from certain other useful products as well as economic sustenance to many nations. It is a well-known fact that each other in size, shape, habits and habitats. They are the knowledge on fish biology particularly on used as food throughout the world and the fish liver is morphometry, length – weight relationship, condition the main source of liver oil containing vitamin A and D. factor, reproduction, food and feeding habit, etc. is of utmost important not only to fill up the lacuna of our Detailed study on the fisheries of Bansagar dam have present day academic knowledge but also in the utility of been conducted from November 2011 to October 2013. the knowledge in increasing the technological efficiencies of the fishery entreprencurs for evolving A total of 23 species of freshwater fishes belonging to judicious pissiculture management. For developing different orders and families were recorded and are fishery, it is necessary to understand their population represented in Table below: dynamics how fast they grow and reproduce the size and Table No. 1:- List of fish species identified from Bansagar dam during November 2011 to October 2013: S.
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