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National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property
NFS Form 10-900-b 0MB No. 1024-0018 (Jan. 1987) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Multipler Propertyr ' Documentation Form NATIONAL This form is for use in documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Type all entries. A. Name of Multiple Property Listing ____Iron and Steel Resources of Pennsylvania, 1716-1945_______________ B. Associated Historic Contexts_____________________________ ~ ___Pennsylvania Iron and Steel Industry. 1716-1945_________________ C. Geographical Data Commonwealth of Pennsylvania continuation sheet D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, J hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requiremerytS\set forth iri36JCFR PafrfsBOfcyid the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Planning and Evaluation. Signature of certifying official Date / Brent D. Glass Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission State or Federal agency and bureau I, hereby, certify that this multiple -
ANTHRACITE Downloaded from COAL CANALS and the ROOTS of AMERICAN FOSSIL FUEL DEPENDENCE, 1820–1860 Envhis.Oxfordjournals.Org
CHRISTOPHER F. JONES a landscape of energy abundance: ANTHRACITE Downloaded from COAL CANALS AND THE ROOTS OF AMERICAN FOSSIL FUEL DEPENDENCE, 1820–1860 envhis.oxfordjournals.org ABSTRACT Between 1820 and 1860, the construction of a network of coal-carrying canals transformed the society, economy, and environment of the eastern mid- Atlantic. Artificial waterways created a new built environment for the region, an energy landscape in which anthracite coal could be transported cheaply, reliably, at Harvard University Library on October 26, 2010 and in ever-increasing quantities. Flush with fossil fuel energy for the first time, mid-Atlantic residents experimented with new uses of coal in homes, iron forges, steam engines, and factories. Their efforts exceeded practically all expec- tations. Over the course of four decades, shipments of anthracite coal increased exponentially, helping turn a rural and commercial economy into an urban and industrial one. This article examines the development of coal canals in the ante- bellum period to provide new insights into how and why Americans came to adopt fossil fuels, when and where this happened, and the social consequences of these developments. IN THE FIRST DECADES of the nineteenth century, Philadelphians had little use for anthracite coal.1 It was expensive, difficult to light, and considered more trouble than it was worth. When William Turnbull sold a few tons of anthracite to the city’s waterworks in 1806, the coal was tossed into the streets to be used as gravel because it would not ignite.2 In 1820, the delivery © 2010 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Environmental History and the Forest History Society. -
The History of Modern Iron Manufacture
Drew Beinhaker Anthropology 377 5/19/94 The History of Modern Iron Manufacture To Virginia, the first of the English settlements in America, belongs the honor of inaugurating within their limits as a colony that most important industry, iron manufacture. -R.A. Brock, 18851 Among the vast spectrum of metallic elements found in the earth’s crust, iron ore, because of its abundance and accessibility, has proved to be nature’s greatest gift to mankind. Although rarely found in a pure state, the presence of iron makes up nearly one-fifth of the earth’s total mass. Due to its solubility in water, iron is much more prevalent deep in the earth’s core than it is in the surface layers. Limestone is the… 1 Robert Alonzo Brock, “Early Iron Manufacture in Virginia: 1619-1776,” in Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 1885, 8(Washington, 1886): 77. quoted in A History of Metals in Colonial America, (p.55). most common agent attributed to the deposits of iron in water. The available nature of this metal and the many uses of its finished product has lead to the development of one of the most fundamental industries known to man, iron manufacture. The beginning of modern iron making can be traced back to sixteenth century Europe with the operation of the Catalan forge in Catalonia, Spain. The forge contained an air blast system which was triggered by the pressure of a waterfall through the use of a device known as a trompe. Water and air bubbles would flow through a pipe into an airtight receptacle allowing for the necessary pressure to accumulate in order to initiate the process. -
Chapter 1, the Nature of Ironmaking
Chapter 1 The Nature of Ironmaking D. H. Wakelin, Manager-Development Engineering, Primary, LTV Steel Co. J. A. Ricketts, Senior Staff Engineer, Ironmaking Technology, Ispat-Inland Inc. 1.1 Introduction The term ironmaking inevitably conjures a picture of man wresting glowing liquid hot metal from a giant reactor using methods steeped in history, more art than science. Understanding of the processes taking place, however, has expanded dramatically over the past few decades, bringing science to the operation, while retaining some of the art for future explanation. Our knowledge has increased significantly even since the publication of the 10th edition of The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel in 1985, and it is the intention of this volume to present this information, together with the previous understanding of the process.1 While the production of molten iron from the blast furnace has held the predominant position to the present day as the method of supplying virgin iron units for oxygen steelmaking, it remains dependent on the availability of suitable coals for making coke. Alternative processes have prolif- erated in recent years to take advantage of lower cost raw materials and lower capital cost for smaller scale equipment. Some are coal-based, some are gas-based. Some use lump iron ore, some use iron ore fines. All are properly included in this volume on ironmaking, which presents the basic principles, operating practices and equipment used in separating iron from its naturally occurring oxide state. 1.2 Structure of this Volume This introductory chapter is largely devoted to the history of ironmaking, bringing the reader from the earliest records to present day developments in blast furnace technology and equipment. -
Permissions Guide for Authors
PERMISSIONS GUIDE ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Bucknell University Press ∙ Fairleigh Dickinson University Press Lehigh University Press ∙ University of Delaware Press As the author of the work, you are required to secure all permissions in your manuscript. As you draft your manuscript, you should keep track of any material that may require permission. Begin requesting permission from the copyright holders of the material as soon as you possibly can—before your final draft is sent to your editor. Obtaining permissions can take a long time, and you will want to get an early start. Rowman & Littlefield cannot send books into production until all permissions have been received. We publish the majority of our books throughout the world in both print and e-book form. When requesting permission, you should request non-exclusive, World distribution rights, for all languages, in print and electronic (eBook) formats for the life of the edition. Once all the permissions are received, you will need to make a log of them, and then forward the log and permissions to your editor, keeping a photocopy for your records. A NOTE ON FAIR USE The U.S. Copyright Code is purposefully vague regarding the concept of fair use. Legally, fair use is based on the cumulative consideration of 4 factors as per Section 107 of the U.S Copyright Code found here: (http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html). Due to the vague nature of the law, owners of a work’s copyright (often the publisher, but sometimes the author or another party) are free to interpret the parameters of fair use as they see fit. -
College of Education: 100 Years of Excellence Robert L
Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Departmental and College Histories Lehigh History 2016 College of Education: 100 Years of Excellence Robert L. Leight Lehigh University Iveta Silova Lehigh University Fatih Aktas Lehigh University Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/lehigh-history Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Leight, Robert L.; Silova, Iveta; and Aktas, Fatih, "College of Education: 100 Years of Excellence" (2016). Departmental and College Histories. 3. http://preserve.lehigh.edu/lehigh-history/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Lehigh History at Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Departmental and College Histories by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lehigh University College of Education 100 Years of Excellence Robert L. Leight, Iveta Silova, and Fatih Aktas Lehigh University College of Education: 100 Years of Excellence Prologue Introduction Acknowledgment Chapter 1 Creating a Foundation Chapter 2 Institutionalizing Education Degree Programs Chapter 3 From Department to School of Education Chapter 4 From School of Education to College Chapter 5 National Recognition Chapter 6 Centennial School Chapter 7 New Directions in Education Research and Practice at the College of Education Schools Appendix Written and edited by Robert L. Leight, Iveta Silova, and Fatih Aktas Published by Lehigh University College of Education All Rights Reserved, 2016. Prologue “What’s past is prologue.” —William Shakespeare, The Tempest Although Lehigh University traces its founding to 1865, the formal study of education did not begin at Lehigh until early in the twentieth century. During the nineteenth century another type of institution, the normal school, prepared most teachers for the “common,” or public schools. -
Printmgr File
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 20-F ‘ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR È ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 OR ‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR ‘ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission file number 001-32328 MECHEL OAO (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) RUSSIAN FEDERATION (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Krasnoarmeyskaya Street 1, Moscow 125993, Russian Federation (Address of principal executive offices) Vladislav Zlenko, tel.: +7-495-221-8888, e-mail: [email protected] (Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person) Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered COMMON AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES, EACH COMMON NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE ADS REPRESENTING ONE COMMON SHARE COMMON SHARES, PAR VALUE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE(1) 10 RUSSIAN RUBLES PER SHARE PREFERRED AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES, EACH PREFERRED ADS NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE REPRESENTING ONE-HALF OF A PREFERRED SHARE PREFERRED SHARES, PAR VALUE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE(2) 10 RUSSIAN RUBLES PER SHARE Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None (Title of Class) Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None (Title of Class) Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report. -
Blast Furnaces in Song–Yuan China
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by East Asian Science, Technology, and Medicine (EASTM - Universität Tübingen) EASTM 18 (2001): 41-74 Blast Furnaces in Song–Yuan China Donald B. Wagner [Donald B. Wagner is an independent scholar, presently based at the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies in Copenhagen, Denmark. His research has in recent years focused on the history of ferrous metallurgy in China, his most recent book being The State and the Iron Industry in Han China (2001). He is also engaged in preparing a series of textbooks in Classical Chinese.1] * * * The Chinese "commercial revolution" of the eleventh century was accompanied by a number of important technical developments. In the iron industry, the last major advances in blast furnace design were made. Water power was widely used for the blast, and coal and coke began to take the place of charcoal for the fuel. New blast furnace structures came into use, in some cases foreshadowing early European designs and those known from the traditional Chinese iron industry of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This article reviews the available evidence on the construction and operation of iron blast furnaces in the Song and Yuan periods, with special reference to the use of mineral fuel Blast Furnace Excavations Excavations of ironworks sites of the Song and Yuan periods have been reported in seven Chinese provinces.2 Of these a few are reported in sufficient detail to give us some idea of how blast furnaces in this period were built, and how they differed from what is known from periods before and after.3 1 E-mail address: [email protected]; web-site: http://staff.hum.ku.dk/dbwagner. -
Participating Publishers List
Annual Copyright License for Academic Institutions Publisher list Specific terms may apply to some publishers or works. Please refer to the Annual Copyright License search page at www.copyright.com/academic to verify publisher participation and title coverage, as well as any applicable terms. Participating publishers include: Allen D. Bragdon, Publishers, Inc. 1105 Media, Inc. Allerton Press Inc. A M Benjamin Services Allied Academies AACC International Alloy Education AACECorp, Inc. Allured Publishing Corporation Aavia Publishing, LLC Allworth Press / Skyhorse Publishing Inc. ABC-Clio Inc. ALM Media Properties, LLC ABDO Publishing Group Alphamed Press, Inc. Abingdon Press Alta Metallurgical Services Academy of General Dentistry Altamira Press Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy Am Alliance For Health Phys Ed, Recreation & Dance Academy of Management (NY) Am College Of Chest Physicians Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology Am Production and Inventory Control Society Access Intelligence LLC (MD) Am Society for Heating Refrigerating & A C Engineers ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Am Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutic ADA Publishing Co., Inc. AMACOM Books Adis Data Information BV American Academy of Audiology Adler and Adler Publishers Inc. American Academy of Family Physicians Advanstar Communications Inc. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Advantage Business Media American Academy of Pediatrics - Journals Advertising Educational Foundation American Alliance for Theatre and Education Aerospace Medical Association -
Redevelopment of the Bethlehem Steel Site : a Public History Perspective Amey J
Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Theses and Dissertations 2008 Redevelopment of the Bethlehem Steel site : a public history perspective Amey J. Senape Lehigh University Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/etd Recommended Citation Senape, Amey J., "Redevelopment of the Bethlehem Steel site : a public history perspective" (2008). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1008. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Senape, Arney J. Redevelopment of the Bethlehem .Steel Site: A Public History Perspective I May 2008 Redevelopment ofthe Bethlehem Steel Site: A Public History Perspective by Arney 1. Senape A Thesis Presented to the Graduate and Research Committee OfLehigh University In Candidacy for the Degree of Master ofArts In Department ofHistory Lehigh University April 2008 Table ofContents Abstract 1 How Public History Can Add Value to the Redevelopment ofthe Steel Site .. ...... 3 Investment, Innovation and Industry 12 Community 38 Education 51 Health Care 63 Conclusion 73 Bibliography 74 Appendix A. List ofComparable Sites - Charts 81 B. Stock House - Photo 83 C. Bethlehem Iron Company 84 D. Bessemer Building - Photo 85 E. Machine Shop No.2 - Photo 86 F. Bethlehem Steel Logo : 87 G. Economic Impact ofHistoric Preservation - Chart 88 H. Lehigh Valley Industrial Heritage Coalition Interpretive Plan 89 1. "Homestead: From Mill to Mall" Documentary 99 J. "Vision and Vitality: Bethlehem After the Steel" - Report 100 K. Lehigh Valley Industrial Heritage Coalition Member List 106 L. -
Lehigh University 2014-2015
Table of Contents Programs and Majors ............................................................................ 4 Computing ....................................................................................... 18 Mission Statement ................................................................................. 5 Instructional Media Services ........................................................... 18 Academic Calendar ............................................................................... 6 Student Services ............................................................................. 18 Information of General Interest ............................................................. 7 Student Employment ....................................................................... 19 Admission Guidelines .......................................................................... 7 Lehigh University Art Galleries – Museum Operation (LUAG) ........... 19 Entrance Examinations ..................................................................... 7 Faculty Development ........................................................................ 19 Recommendations ............................................................................ 8 Lehigh University Press .................................................................... 20 Campus Visits ................................................................................... 8 Resources for Students .................................................................... 20 How to Apply ................................................................................... -
EARL J. HEYDINGER COLLECTION Accession Number
National Canal Museum Archives Delaware & Lehigh National Heritage Corridor 2750 Hugh Moore Park Road, Easton PA 18042 610-923-3548 x237 – [email protected] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EARL J. HEYDINGER COLLECTION Accession Number. 1996.050 1-1/2 linear feet Contents of Box 1: Folder 1: Hopewell Village Folder 2: West Branch Canal Folder 3: Junction Canal Folder 4: Chemung Canal Folder 5: North Branch Canal - Lehigh Valley Railroad Folder 6: North Branch Canal #1 (see also: Oversized Folder #52) Folder 7: North Branch Canal #2 Folder 7A: North Branch canal #3 Folder 8: Pennsylvania Main Line Canal (see also: Oversized Folder #53) Folder 9: Pennsylvania Railroad Scenery Folder 10: Western Inland Lock Navigation Folder 11: Carbon County, Pennsylvania Folder 12: New York Iron Folder 13: Erie Canal Folder 14: Morris Canal Folder 15: Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Map, 1824 Folder 16: Lehigh Valley Railroad Folder 17: Schuylkill Navigation #1 (see also: Oversized Folder #54) Folder 17A: Schuylkill Navigation #2 Folder 18: Erie Extension Canal Folder 19: Wabash and Erie Canal Folder 20: Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Folder 21: The Golden Spike, 1869 Folder 22: Union Canal Folder 23: Coal Mining Folder 24: Railroads Folder 24A: Railroads - Ms. Material Folder 25: Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal Folder 26: Iron and Steel #1 Folder 26A: Iron and Steel #2 Folder 27: Illinois and Michigan Canal Folder 28: Trolleys Folder 29: Milling Folder 30: Delaware River Folder 31: River Navigation