BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 1
The Newsletter of the Bull Run Civil War Round Table — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18
AUTHOR AND HISTORIAN JOHN QUARSTEIN SPEAKS ON MEMBERSHIP MEETING THE "CSS ALBEMARLE” 7 p.m. Centreville Library AT DECEMBER 14TH MEETING THURSDAY, December 14, 2017 The a azi g sto of the CSS Al e arle is ell h o i led a d u h dis ussed a o g Ci il Wa GUEST SPEAKER: histo ia s; ho e e , he fas i ati g tale e ai s HISTORIAN ostl u k o still to a ide od of Ci il Wa e thusiasts. The i u sta es u de hi h she JOHN QUARSTEIN as uilt e e e t e el ad e se, a d he fate as TOPIC: to e gage agai st la ge Fede al ships featu i g CSS ALBERMARLE u h la ge e s a d supe io fi epo e . Still, the “ ” u de dog Al e arle tallied so a e e ships THURSDAY, January 11, 2018 su k o da aged, that a ha e gi e he the disti tio of ei g the ost su essful i o lad ship GUEST SPEAKER: of the Ci il Wa . We a e so happ to ha e Joh HISTORIAN Qua stei o e up to speak to us a out the CSS Al e arle at the De e e th eeti g. RALPH PETERS Joh is a a a d- i i g autho , histo ia a d TOPIC: p ese atio ist. He has isited ou ou d ta le a u e of ti es i the past fe ea s, gi i g “LEADERSHIP LESSONS outsta di g a d e iti g a al le tu es to ou g oup. OF THE CIVIL WAR Afte se i g ea s as di e to of the Vi gi ia Wa ” Museu , he is p ese tl the di e to of the USS Mo itor Ce te at The Ma i e s’ Museu a d Pa k Bo s: The Cre of the U io ’s First Iro lad ; i Ne po t Ne s, Vi gi ia. also: Fort Mo roe: The Ke to the South; CSS Virgi ia: His u e t p ese atio e dea o s i lude the Mistress of Ha pto Roads; The Ci il War o the Re e a Vaugha House, Lee Hall Depot, Cause ’s Virgi ia Pe i sula; a d: A Histor of Iro lads: The Mill, Big Bethel Battlefield a d Fo t Mo oe. Joh Po er of Iro O er Wood. Joh esides at Old Poi t also se es o se e al oa ds a d o issio s, Co fo t i Ha pto , Vi gi ia a d o his fa il ’s i ludi g the Vi gi ia Ci il Wa T ails, Vi gi ia Wa of fa ea Cheste to , Ma la d. Bi e te ial Co issio Ad iso Cou il a d AUTHOR AND HISTORIAN RALPH PETERS the Ne po t Ne s Ses ui e te ial Co issio . SPEAKS ON "LEADERSHIP LESSONS OF THE CIVIL He is the autho of ooks a d si PBS WAR” AT THE JANUARY 11th MEETING do u e ta ies. I luded, i pa t, a e: Big Bethel:
The First Trails, Vi gi ia Wa of Bi e te ial Leade ship du i g the Ci il Wa e ol ed Co issio Ad iso Cou il a d the Ne po t Ne s th oughout the lood o fli t, a d its a ious le els Ses ui e te ial Co issio Battle , a d the of st e gth ha e ee de ated fo the past ea s He Ada s p ize- i i g olu e: The Mo itor (con’t on page 9)
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 2 BULL RUN CIVIL WAR ROUND TABLE UPCOMING MEETINGS
Executive Committee December 14th, 2017 - John Quarstein - “CSS
Albermarle” President: Mark Trbovich, [email protected], 703.361.1396 January 11th, 2018 - Ralph Peters - “Leadership Lessons Past President: Nancy Anwyll, [email protected] of the Civil War” Vice-President: Mark Whitenton, [email protected] February 8th, 2018 - George Franks II - “Battle of Falling Treasurer: Mark Knowles, 703.787.9811 Waters” Secretary: John Pearson, [email protected], March 8th, 2018 - Brian Withrow - “Evening with U. S. 703.475.1943 At Large: Charlie Balch, John De Pue, Brian McEnany Grant” Fairfax County 275th Anniversary Committee: Blake Myers April 12th, 2018 - Patrick Falci - “Ambrose Powell Hill”
Communications/Media: Jim Lewis, May 10th, 2018 - Ed Bearss - "Battle of Ft. Donaldson [email protected] and Ft. Henry" Membership: Mark Whitenton, [email protected] Preservation: Blake Myers, [email protected] June 14th, 2018 - Stephen Phan - “Battle of Nashville - Student Scholarship: Nancy Anwyll ([email protected]), December 1864” Brian McEnany and Charlie Balch July 12th 2018 - Randy Ferryman - “Civil War Press: Field Trips: Scott Kenepp Resisting Censorship to Publish Secrets” Webmaster: Alan Day, [email protected] August 9th, 2018 - Chris Kolakowski - "The Kentucky Graphic Design: Drew Pallo, [email protected] Newsletter Editor: Nadine Mironchuk, Campaign - August to November 1862" [email protected] September 13th, 2018 - "Cavalry Action at Battle of
Newsletter Team: Saundra Cox, Ed Wenzel, Eric Fowler, Janet Chickamauga" Greentree and Andy Kapfer. October 11th, 2018 - Dr. Jeff McClurken - “Take Care of The Bull Run Civil War Round Table publishes the Stone Wall. the Living: Reconstructing Confederate Veteran Families
General Membership meetings are held at 7 p.m. on in Virginia“ the second Thursday of each month at: November 8th, 2018 - Mark Dunkleman - “Gettysburg’s Centreville Regional Library Unknown Soldier: The Life, Death, and Celebrity of Amos 14200 St. Germain Drive Humiston” Centreville, VA 20121-2255 December 13th, 2018 - Eric Buckland - "They Rode with 703.830.2223 Mosby" For specific meeting dates and information, please visit the Web site: http://bullruncwrt.org In This Issue
NEWSLETTER ARTICLE SUBMISSION DEADLINE The President’s Column Page 3 For the February 2018 issue, e-mail articles by 9 a.m., Preservation Report Page 4 Monday, January 30, to Nadine Mironchuk at: [email protected] Ms. Rebelle Page 6
NEWSLETTER ADVERTISEMENT History Prize for BRCWRT Page 10 SUBMISSION DEADLINE For the February 2018 issue, advertisers should Chapman’s Mill Page 11 please click on “Instructions for Advertisers” at: http://bullruncwrt.org and e-mail ads by noon PWC Symposium Set Page 11 on January 18, to Charlie Balch at: [email protected] CW History at GMU Site Page 12
BRCWRT at Cedar Creek Page 13 Support the BRCWRT in its important mission to educate and to commemorate Support Our Scholarship Page 13 the battles and events of the Civil War Christmas in Camp Page 14
- PLACE YOUR ADVERTISEMENT Gettysburg Event Dampened Page 14 IN THE STONE WALL - Emerging CW Symposium Page 15
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 3
The President’s Column ge e atio of Ci il Wa histo ia s a d p ese atio ists ho ill o ti ue ou p oud By Mark A. Trbovich
t aditio s he e i Ce t e ille, VA. Ou No e e eeti g sa a t e e dous Bull Run Civil War Round Table Members, p ese tatio f o Wa e Motts of the Ha is u g, It’s the / holida seaso , he good PA, Natio al Ci il Wa Museu . Wa e’s le tu e f ie ds a d fa ilies gathe to i g i the Ch ist as i ludi g p ese ti g a d Ne Yea ’s holida s ith a fi e-pla e hats useu pie es a d a out all that has ee a o plished i , a d to sto ies elated to o te plate hoped-fo lessi gs i . lo al No the VA This ea as a t e e dous o e fo the Bull Ru attles a d the folks Ci il Wa Rou d Ta le, as e o ti ued to i g ho fought he e. I g eat le tu es a d e e ts to the e e ship. I told as i p essed ith E e uti e Co ittee that I did ’t k o ho e e e pie e of the ould e e top ou th a i e sa o , olle tio , as the ut e a e goi g to t to do just that i - a d efle ted the fou i futu e ea s. We ha e a o plished a thi gs lood ea s of at ou ou d ta le ut, as al a s, ou o k is e e o fli t i ou a ea. Wayne Motts, accomplished historian and museum chief, spoke at the do e. We dis ussed a November meeting of the Bull Run It has ee pleasu e to ha e se ed as ou Rou d Ta le t ip to Civil War Round Table. Photo by Janet Greentree p eside t fo the past eight ea s, a d I look fo a d isit the useu to i th ea ith all of ou. The BRCWRT is e t ea , a d o e details ill follo as e get o itted to o ti ue i gi g ou outsta di g Ci il the . Tha ks agai , Wa e - e’ll see ou soo i Wa speake s, tou s a d p ese tatio s th oughout . . I ould like to tha k all of the BRCWRT Ou up o i g De e e a d Ja ua le tu es Offi e s a d E e uti e Co ittee e e s fo thei ill su el egi ou ea o a high ote, so ou ill alua le o t i utio s; I eage l look fo a d to ot a t to iss the ! Do ’t fo get ou a also agai o ki g ell togethe i . Tha ks to all tu e i to all of ou le tu es at ou We site audio the olu tee s ho o ked at ou e e ts a d to ou, a hi es, lo ated at the add ess: http:// the e e ship; ithout ou, e ould ot e the ull u t.o g/BRCWRT/AudioA hi es/ e o ed ou d ta le e a e toda . I , e Audio_ e u.ht l. ill e u eili g ou Co ittee olu tee p og a ; Ou S hola ship Co ittee, led Na e a e e ou agi g all e e s to pa ti ipate i ou A ll, has egu o k o ou sea h fo ou o ga izatio . I ill e gi i g details o this i itiati e e t s hola ship i e . Please o ti ue to at up o i g eeti gs a d i the e slette . pu li ize this oppo tu it to ou fa il a d f ie ds, De e e is the fi al o th of ou p o ess fo i iti g the to see the S hola ship page o ou the BCWRT ele tio of offi e s, a o di g to We site. Also, e ou age high s hool se io s i the ou -la s. Voti g o the oste of offi e s ill take a ea to pa ti ipate. Ou P ese atio Leads, Blake pla e at the De e e th eeti g. Tha k ou so M e s a d Joh Depue, ha e o ti ued to o k o u h, Joh De Pue, fo headi g up ou o i ati g se e al p oje ts, i ludi g the Rte. e ha e e t o ittee this ea . Ou e e ship d i e p oje t that ide s Rte. at the Bla k u Fo d ill egi agai at the De e e /Ja ua eeti gs, attlefield. This p oje t e da ge s this attlefield. a d ill e o ludi g at the e d of Ap il. I The a e also ad iso s at Geo ge Maso U i e sit e ou age e e o e to i g e folks to joi the fo the p ese atio of the e l -dis o e ed Rou d Ta le, eithe at ou We site o at the e t edou t i thei pa ki g lot. Agai , this is a eeti g. I a al a s e ou agi g a outh e elle t oppo tu it fo i te fa i g ith ou g o e e t fo the BRCWRT, p o idi g a futu e (con’t on page 9)
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 4 Preservation Report by Blake Myers and John De Pue
BULL RUN CIVIL WAR ROUND TABLE INFORMATION PAPER REGARDING CIVIL WAR MONUMENTS, MEMORIALS AND STATUES
The status and treatment of Confederate statues emerged as an issue in many states and localities after the Charleston, SC shooting. More recently the August violence in Charlottesville brought the issue closer to home and generated significant media coverage, discussion and opinion pieces. This information paper is intended to provide Bull Run Civil War Round Table members information on the history, context, statutory provisions and other relevant considerations in order to better understand issues surrounding the status and treatment of Civil War monuments, memorials and statuesBackground in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
According to Virginia’s Department of Historic Resources DHR , there areAn Illustrated war memorials Guide to Virginia’srecorded inConfederate the Virginia Monuments Cultural Resources information System VCRIS maintained by DHR. Of those, pertain to Confederate participants in the Civil War. In his book , author Timothy S. Sedore documented Confederate monuments, memorials, statues and markers in Virginia. The majority of these monuments, memorials and statues were erected during the period from to . Many were erected by local communities to honor that community’s veterans and their sacrifices, and some were erected to honor specific individuals e.g., Richmond’s Monument Avenue statues . Many were publicly funded, and many were privately funded by groups including the Ladies Memorial Associations, the United Daughters of the Confederacy UDC and the United Confederate Veterans UCV . Some are considered exceptional sculptures with intrinsic value as works of art, and are recorded as such in the Virginia Landmarks Register VLR . Historians note that many of these monuments and statues were erected during a time when racial segregation laws were in force. The United States Supreme Court decision Plessey versus Ferguson upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal", which remained standard doctrine in U.S. law until its repudiation in the Supreme- Court decision Brown v. Board of Education. In this context, some historians are of the opinion that the monuments and statues erected on public spaces were likely intended to intimidate African Americans in the community. - - In Virginia, two statutes govern the erection of monuments or memorials for any war or conflict – Code of Virginia Sec. - apply and to§ . all such memorials Memorials and monumentsfor war veterans regardless , of whenwith erectedseveral amendments see Enclosure . During their session Virginia’s General Assembly passed unlawfulHB , for which the amendedauthorities § of . the locality, to or any other person or persons, to disturb or interfere with any monuments the orintent memorials of this soamendment erected was to clarify the statute ensuring the amendment making it
applied equally to such monuments or memorials erected prior to . Governor McAuliffe vetoed HB . Subsequent to his veto, Governor McAuliffe directed the Virginia Director of Natural Resources to convene a diverse work groupMonuments to consider Work Groupthe issues that arose during the debate over HB , and to pull together resources and best practices to help willing localities foster a constructive dialogue about (con’t on page 5) their monuments. The completed its work and submitted its report and BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 5
Preservation Report – (con’t from page 4)
------recommendations- for community engagement in November . For associated information go to: https://naturalresources.virginia.gov/media/ /report of governor mcauliffes monuments work groupMonumentsfinal.pdf Work Group
Recommendations: Civic Engagement Breakout Group Start from the same page; include an educational component Ensure that all stakeholder groups are represented Ensure the process is conducive to conversation Reach out to other communities, professional facilitators, and other resources Qualifications and Options Breakout Group Monuments should be preserved – at least somewhere Signage can provide context and reveal previously untold stories Reflect the diversity of Virginia throughDecisions monuments regarding the appropriate treatment of monuments rest Takewithin advantage the communities of existing thatresources house andthem expertise Consensus Work Group Opinion – .
In light of recent controversies concerning attempts to modify or remove statues from public grounds, some jurisdictions and some nationally recognized historians have recommended adding signage to existing monuments, memorials and statues to provide appropriate context and foster better understanding. In August the National Park Service NPS issued its guidance regarding the Civil War monuments, markers and plaques maintained by the NPS. This guidance Enclosure provides, in part, that …Unless directed by legislation, it is the policy- of the National Park Service that these works and their inscriptions will not be altered, relocated, obscured, or removed, even when they are deemed inaccurate or incompatible with prevailing present day values. The Director of the National Park Service mayConclusions make an exception to this policy….. -
American and Civil- War history is complex, multi faceted and sometimes messy – Civil War monuments, memorials and statues are a part of that history. They represent a significant period in United States history a period and history that should continue to be studied and remembered. Civil War monuments, memorials and statues should be maintained, protected and preserved, and readily accessible to the general public. One should not attempt to judge actions taken more than a century ago by current societal norms and values. Judgments and decisions concerning any Civil War monument, memorial or statue, should be made based on original accounts and documentation, and facts. Each Civil War monument, memorial and statue has its own unique history – each should be considered in light of that history. Decisions regarding the monuments, memorials and statues should rest with the communities in which they are located, subject to applicable- law s , procedures and processes, and without unsolicited involvement of external groups or individuals. Relevant legal considerations in Virginia include: Application of Sec and § . of the Code of Virginia Enclosure Some monuments, memorials and statues are subject to individual acts of the General Assembly Some monuments, memorials and statues are subject to terms and conditions contained in (con’t on page 16) instruments transferring ownership of the monument to the locality or local governmental BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 6 CIVIL WAR TRAVELS WITH MS. REBELLE
Major General Cadwallader C. Washburn, USA By Janet Greentree
Here are a few questions for you. Have you ever eaten Cheerios, Lucky Charms, or Wheaties? Have you ever enjoyed Haagen Dazs ice cream? Have you ever eaten a Nature Valley bar or Yoplait yoghurt? Have your children ever played with Gen. Cadwallader C. Washburn Play Doh, a Nerf ball, or played Monopoly? If the answer is yes to any of the above questions, you have Civil War General Cadwallader Colden Washburn to thank for that privilege. General This family did not lack in unusual names either. C.C. and his brothers and sisters were also fourth Washburn had quite a life before the Civil War and quite a life afterwards. He started the company cousins, once removed, to Charles Sumner. that is now known as General Mills in Minnesota. All seven brothers witnessed Lincoln’s
Cadwallader C. Washburn, a/k/a C.C., was inauguration in . When President Lincoln was assassinated on April , , C.C.’s brother born on April , , in Livermore, Maine. Livermore was originally part of Massachusetts. Elihu accompanied the body during the long train ride to his graveside in Springfield, Illinois. He The Washburn family is so well connected andthis served as a pallbearer at the ceremony in famous that when you search the internet for the Washburn Family, information comes up on Springfield. particular family. Elihu was also the only civilian to be C.C.’s great grandfather Israel was in the present when arms were stacked at Appomattox, Massachusetts legislature, as was his son Israel II. and stood with General Joshua Lawrence Israel III was a Massachusetts state representative Chamberlain. General Grant had provided a and father of Cadwallader. Ten children were cavalry escort so Elihu could witness the surren- born to Israel III and his wife Martha Benjamin der. Washburn – seven boys and three girls. All seven Then there- is Cadwallader. C.C. attended boys served politically in state government, U.S. school in Wiscasset, Maine. He would later teach Congress, industry, U.S. Navy, or in a diplomatic there from . In the year , he capacity. moved to Davenport, Iowa, where he taught The oldest son, Israel IV, was governor of school, worked in a store and did surveying. His Maine during the Civil War, as well as a member of brother Elihu set up a legal practice in Galena, IL, Congress. Algernon was a banker and opened the which influenced C.C. to read the law and become an attorney in Mineral Point, Wisconsin. He set up Bank of Hallowell. Elihu was a Congressman from the Wisconsin Mining Company in with Illinois, Secretary of State under President U.S. Cyrus Woodman. Grant, and minister to France. Charles was a Commissioner to Paraguay. Samuel was the In , they started Washburn’s and U.S.S.Acting Galena Master of the U.S. Navy during the Civil War Woodman’s Mineral Point Bank. In and fought in the battle of Drewy’s Bluff on the Washburn built a mill on the Chippewa(con’ t Riveron pag e in7) . William was a representative and Waubeck, WI. In , C.C. ran for Congress as a senator from Minnesota. That is quite a family. BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 7
Ms. Rebelle – (con’t from page 6) - th th Republican, winning three terms- nd in the administrative officers we have. Washburn also Congresses, representing the Congressional commanded three divisions of the XVI Corps District of Wisconsin from . duringst the siege of Vicksburg. He commanded the Division of the XIII Corps in Texas, along with General Nathanial P. Banks, and led the fight against Fort Esperanza in November .
C.C. served in administrative functions in Mississippi and Tennessee. While he was in Memphis, Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest unsuccessfully tried to capture him and other Union Generals. He resigned from the Army on May , .
After the war, he returned to LaCrosse, WI.- St. Anthony's Falls - Minneapolis, MN. He was electedth for two terms, representing Wisconsin’s Congressional District from . He worked as the chairman of the Commit- tee on Expenditures for Public Buildings. In , In , even before the city of - his fellow- Wisconsiners urged him to run for Minneapolis was incorporated in , he saw the governor. Washburn was elected, and served from foot St. Anthony’s Falls in that area and knew . As Governor, he brought in reforms the power it could generate for industry. He for government- control of telegraphs, railroads, bought acres to start his mills. and libraries. Unfortunately well … maybe , he Washburn bought into the Minneapolis Mill didn’t win re election in . There were still Company and his brother William managed the things he needed to accomplish in his life. company. Several of his cotton mills, sawmills, Earlier in this busy life, on January , , grist and flour mills, and woolen mills operated he married Jeannette Garr. Both were years of along the Mississippi River. age at the- time. Jeannette gave birth in to When talk about a Civil War began, their first daughter, Nettie, but their happiness Washburn had just moved to LaCrosse, WI. His was short lived, as Jeannette began to show signs family were ardent abolitionists and had always of a mental illness after Nettie’s birth. Their been strongly opposed to slavery. He went to second daughter, Fanny, was born in . Washington, D.C., as a delegate for the peace Jeannette continued to sink deeper into conference held there. Hend entered the Union mental illness, and had to be hospitalized in the Army as a colonel of the Wisconsin Volunteer Bloomingdale Asylum in Brookline, MA. She Cavalry on February , . remained there until her death in at age . He advanced quickly, being made a Their children were raised by their grandparents brigadier general on July , , and then major on the East Coast. general on November , . His appointment While still in Congress in , Washburn was signed by none other than President Abraham built the Washburn B Mill. The mill was so large, Lincoln. Lincoln and the Washburn family had naysayers said it would never make a profit. In been friends for a long time. , he built an even larger mill Washburn A Washburn commanded the XIII Corps, Mill seven stories high. This mill was(co ndestroyed’t on page 8) beginning with the Vicksburg Campaign. General in a fire and huge explosion in , but was later Grant said of him: Washburn was one of the best BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 8
Ms. Rebelle – (con’t from page 8)
his marker. His net worth at his- death was estimated to be between $ mil- lion. He left money to his daughters, other members of his family, and a large bequest to the city of LaCrosse. The city built a large public library with An illustration of what the 1878 mill explosion looked like — the his kind bequest. event was undoubtedly a catastrophe for Washburn. Above, Washburn’s monument in His money also Oak Grove Cemetery. Photo by Janet funded the orphan- Greentree. Below, the marker put up in honor of Gen. Washburn in the city age he started for of LaCrosse, WI. rebuilt. The explosion occurred at night, saving the children who daytime workers. Only workers were lost parents in the killed in this catastrophe. He facilitated new mill explosion. The safety technologies, including better ventilation to orphanage today is make his mills safer. Feeling devastated about the known as the Wash- loss of men and his mill, he started an orphanage burn Center for for children without question or distinction to age, Children. sex, race, color, or religion. His Madison, In , the WI, residence, Edge- Washburn Crosby wood, was endowed Company entered as a Catholic Girls several grades of its school. The largest flour into a contest sum went to take held in Cincinnati, care of his mentally OH, called the ill wife, Jeannette, International residing in Massa-
Millers’ Exhibition. chusetts.
Their flours won Oak Grove Cemetery has a Civil War the gold medal. Veterans section with a large monument of a Some of you may Portrait of a prosperous Washburn - later in life. soldier. Graves hold not only Wisconsin soldiers, have used his flour but also soldiers from Ohio, Massachusetts, Iowa, which is called and other states. The city of LaCrosse also has a Gold Medal Flour. marker for General Washburn in a rest area at NOTE: Ms. Rebelle’s hobby is traveling the country On May , , at age , Civil War finding Lakeshore and honoring Drive. the graves of our , Civil War general, miller, entrepreneur, politician, and generals. So far, she has located and photographed - philanthropist Cadwallader Colden Washburn Confederate and Union. You may contact her at died while seeking medical treatment in the [email protected]. springs of Eureka Springs, Arkansas. His body was brought back to LaCrosse, WI, and buried in Oak Grove Cemetery with a very, very large obelisk as BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 9
Upcoming Speakers – (con’t from page 1)
histo ia s a d uffs alike. Ea h o a de o With a deep i te est i the Ci il Wa si e oth sides had thei o st le of a agi g the hildhood, Ralph al a s a ted to ite a out t oops u de the , ut e e the e lesso s of Gett s u g a d the a 's li a ti a paig s, ut leade ship that futu e ge e atio s ight lea f o felt he had to ait u til he had full ho ed his skills those ho o a le e ? At ou fi st eeti g of the as a autho i o de to pa full t i ute to the e ea , o Ja ua th, e ill e ho o ed to soldie s o oth sides of the st uggle hose a tio s ha e Ralph Pete s o e a k to g a e us ith de ided the fate of ou atio . He is the autho of a othe le tu e, spe ifi all o this su je t. the iti all a lai ed estselle Cai at Gett s urg Ralph as o i Potts ille, PA, a d g e up i a d o el o the O e la d Ca paig , Hell or ea S hu lkill Ha e , PA. He e listed i the U.S. Ri h o d. Ralph is also the autho of u e ous A i , afte atte di g Pe State U i e sit . ooks o ilita st ateg , as ell as of a se ies of Assig ed to Ge a , he atte ded Offi e s p ize- i i g Ci il Wa ste ies. Ca didate S hool a d e ei ed a o issio i Si e he last spoke to the BRCWRT i Ap il , . He as the A 's lead st ategi s out i the he has pu lished: Valle of the Shado , The Da ed s, i estigati g ises i the Cau asus, the of Peters urg, a d Judg e t at Appo atto . His A dea Ridge, Pakista , Bu a a d the Balka s. As hope is to ite the ost authe ti a d a u ate a jou alist a d esea he post- eti e e t, he o els et pu lished a out ou Ci il Wa , a d to o e ed o fli ts i Is ael, i I a a d i su -Saha a i te est a oade se tio of the A e i a pu li to Af i a. Ralph has o t i uted to a ide a ge of lea o e a out ou histo . atio al e spape s a d jou als, as ell as to Co e o out at p. . a d eet Ralph fo di e p ofessio al ilita pu li atio s, a d has se ed as at Ca a a’s Italia Restau a t, T i it Pk ., Fo Ne s' fi st St ategi A al st. Ce t e ille, VA ; - .
President’s Column – (con’t from page 3) people a d e ou agi g thei i ol e e t i histo . Fairfa Cou t . This ook is the pe fe t gift fo the BRCWRT Tou Guide lead, S ott K epp, is Ci il Wa e thusiast o ou shoppi g list. The p ese tl o ki g o his tou s, hi h ill e BRCWRT th a i e sa ook ill also e o sale outli ed soo fo the e e ship. at eeti gs a d o the We site - a othe g eat gift I a so p oud to a ou e that the BRCWRT idea! As the ea o es fo a d, e ill e he e o the Ma Feh i ge A a d fo ou 25th i gi g ou the est Ci il Wa le tu es, tou s, Year A i ersar Book at the Fai fa Cou t Histo i e e ts a d e slette s i the egio , ith Co fe e e o No e e th. Co g atulatio s to p ese atio a d edu atio as a solid pa t of ou the tea of folks ho o ked o that p oje t. issio ! Fa tasti ! Let us e e fo get the people ho se ed, a d Ea h o th i , e ill o ti ue to offe fo hat the did fo us. God Bless all of ou. sale Ed We zel’s Chro olog of the Ci il War of
Join/renew your membership with the Bull Run Civil War Round Table!! See instructions on how to re-up or join on the back page of this notice!! H u z z a h !
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 10 BRCWRT 25th Anniversary Book Wins Fairfax County History Award for Chronicling Preservation in NoVa
Members of the committee for production of the Bull Run Civil War Round Table’s 25th Anniversary Book recently received the 2017 Mary Fehringer Award given for a publication that highlights history in Fairfax County; the award was presented at the Fairfax County History Conference on November 11th. The 25th Anniversary Book chronicles many of the preservation efforts conducted by the BRCWRT, and lists the topics of hundreds of historical lectures that have been presented at meetings held over two-and-a-half decades. Shown here, left to right, are members of the Book Committee receiving the award: Co-Chair Brian McEnany, Blake Myers, Cong. Gerry Connolly (who presented a citation to the group), Fairfax County Supervisor Sharon Bulova, Co-Chair Jim Lewis, Mark Knowles, editor Nadine Mironchuk, and Nancy Anwyll. Behind, emceeing the event, is Lynne Garvey Hodge. Book Committee members not shown are: Alan Day, Charlie Balch, E.B. Vandiver, Kim Brace, and Drew Pallo. Also attending but not in the photo were Mark and Debbie Whitenton. Photo by Janet Greentree
BRCWRT members attending the Fairfax County History Conference are: left to right— Peter Kirby, Tim Duskin, Nadine Mironchuk, Blake Myers, Brian McEnany, Jim Lewis, (receiving commendation from Lynne Garvey Hodge — also a Round Table member), Gwen Wyttenbach, Mark Knowles, Janet Greentree, Nancy Anwyll, and Jon Vrana. Photo courtesy of Janet Greentree BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 11 Remembering C hapman’s Mill by Karl Reiner
West of Centreville, I-66 passes through historic the defenses of Wash- Thoroughfare Gap. At the Prince William-Fauquier ington. county line, the highway crosses Broad Run. Next to By the time Gen. the westbound lanes on right side of the road stand Johnston’s army was the remains of a six-story building that was known as camped around Centre- Chapman’s Mill during the Civil War. ville and Manassas in The site was perfect for a mill because Broad late 1861, the meat Run drops over 80 feet in a very short distance. The plant was operating at fast-moving water provided ample power to operate full capacity. Two mil- the mill’s grinding machinery. The building once was lion pounds of meat an impressive stone structure, probably originally were in the curing pro- built around 1750 by slaves. When the Manassas cess and large herds of Chapman’s Mill, Broad Run, VA Gap railroad was extended past the mill in 1852, cattle were on site for business increased. In 1858, the building was slaughter. enlarged to six stories. It was the pride and joy of its When Johnston evacuated his positions in early owner, John Chapman. March 1862, his army had to destroy large amount of Early in the war, the Confederate Subsistence supplies that could not be removed. At the meat Department established a meat-curing facility at the plant, the troops gave the local residents all they mill site. The location had a big drawback because it could carry. D.H. Hill’s brigade, withdrawing from was very close to the front lines. Along with most Leesburg, crammed their wagons full. Despite the other people, the officials that selected the location effort, more than one million pounds of meat probably believed it was going to be a short war. In remained as the army departed. To keep it from those days, federal control barely reached beyond (con’t on page 14)
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 12 BRCWRT Members Conduct Farr’s Cross Roads Class at George Mason University’s Fairfax Campus
by Brian R. McEnany
As we readied ourselves for the scheduled As class time at noon crept nearer, there was a October 30, 2017 tour and class of Farr’s Cross noticeable lack of students. Then, walking along the Roads and its extant Civil War redoubt, the weather far side of Parking Lot K, we saw a long line of peo- during the preceding weekend turned miserable – ple. Dr. Chris Hamner, the history professor, led his windy with lots of rain. Early Monday morning, students to our site. When they arrived, we had a October 30, 2017, Jim Lewis, Blake Myers and I whole platoon - 30 to 31 students - double the size of discussed recommending a cancellation – mud from last year's class! Minor problem, the 25 handouts we heavy rains and wind advisories in the area until 10 prepared were not enough for everyone. AM made outdoor presentations potentially We began as soon as the students gathered. For problematic. The Chair of GMU’s History Department, Dr. Brian Platt, went to the site, assessed it as “walkable” and made the decision to proceed with the scheduled tour and class, which turned out to be a good decision. We (Jim Lewis, Blake Myers and myself) prepared for this class for several months. Preparation included communications with Dr. Platt to settle on the outline for the class, set the time and date for the tour/class, determine an estimate of student attendees and other potential visitors, and preparing the class material and handouts for students. We spent time the week before the class clearing site undergrowth and briars to provide a clear walking path to the A number of students at George Mason University gathered recently to hear Brian McEnany, Jim Lewis and Blake Myers of the redoubt, and to provide a clear view of the redoubt BRCWRT talk about the corduroy road ramins recently found on for the participating students. We developed a six campus, as well as the history of Civil War action that occurred at page handout for the students as well as several ‘blow and around the campus locale. Photo courtesy of Brian McEnany -up’ charts to augment discussion of the site’s local and civil war history. After arriving at Parking Lot K on Monday, the next 20-30 minutes, I talked about local and civil October 30th, we parked our SUVs so as to screen an war history and the Farr family on whose lands the area on the parking lot’s western edge from other original GMU campus was developed and built. Jim cars. By 11:30 am, the sun was out, wind was then added the history of Braddock and Ox Roads – negligible - except for blowing our charts off the the intersection of which constituted Farr’s Cross A-frame one time - and the weather turned out to be Roads. Then we led the group up the forested hilltop perfect. The first to arrive were two ladies from the to the Civil War redoubt – an earthwork that has been Dean's office - they had seen the recent article in the left largely undisturbed for more than 150 years. GMU magazine about last year’s class. Next came, The redoubt lies in a bad Brer Rabbit briar patch Dr. Brian Platt. He asked us to shorten the class a bit and we have scars to attest to clearing some of it out. as the students had 1:30 PM classes elsewhere on the We did not spend a great deal of time there. campus. BRCWRT’s own Kim Brace joined us and The traffic noise from Braddock and Ox roads made took a number of photographs. Alex Hughes, the it difficult to hear, even with the use of Jim’s portable 2017 BRCWRT scholarship winner and now a PA system. I covered the military aspects of the student at GMU, also joined the tour/class. (con’t on page 13)
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 13 BRCWRT Members ‘Soldier On’ at Cedar Creek
Enjoying the afternoon at the annual Battle of Cedar Creek reenactment recently were these BRCWRT members: left to right — Janet Greentree, Debbie and Mark Whitenton, Chris Godart, Gwen Wyttenbach, Drew Pallo, and Dave Meisky. The mysterious young lady in front is a member of Lee’s Lieutenants. Photo courtesy of Gwen Wyttenbach
SUPPORT YOUR BRCWRT/GMU – (con’t from page 12) LOVE redoubt as well as other earthworks in the area. Jim then pointed out the location of recent (2014 and OF HISTORY 2016) discoveries of corduroy road logs before we
DONATE TO THE ANNUAL BRCWRT SCHOLARSHIP FUND
Help the BRCWRT continue awarding scholarships to deserving students as it has since 2013.
Make out a check in any amount to BRCWRT Jim Lewis spoke to many intrepid GMU students interested in the Civil War history of the area where the university is located. and send it to: BRCWRT, 169 Applegate Dr., Photo courtesy of Brian McEnany Sterling, VA 20164. Write Scholarship Fund on retraced our steps to the parking lot. Jim continued check’s memo line. You also may give your check his discussion about the corduroy road discoveries to Mark Knowles, our Treasurer, at any general and our attempts to date the logs found under the membership meeting. roadway. Remember, since the BRCWRT is a 501(3)(c) Blake and I ended the class with remarks about organization, your donation is tax deductible on the BRCWRT, historical site preservation and the your federal tax forms. Round Table’s interest in this particular site. Dr. Platt and Dr. Hamner both thanked us and told the group See the BRCWRT web site to review photos that the class was much better than last year’s and and names of our previous scholarship winners. provided a great deal more information to the stu- dents. At the end, Jim, Blake and myself were very Questions? Contact Nancy Anwyll at pleased with their comments and considered it to be a [email protected] huge success for BRCWRT! We will continue to or any Scholarship Committee member. pursue opportunities for interaction with GMU and other schools. BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 14
Historic Blenheim’s Christmas in Camp Civil War Event a Great Success Several members of the Bull Run Civil War Round Table participated recently in Historic Blenheim's annual “Christmas in Camp” event in Fairfax City. It was perfect weather for the outdoor event, and Andrea Loewenwarter (in charge of the event) noted that about 85 visitors attended. BRCWRT members who attended the event were: (l to r in the back row) Drew Pallo, Debbie and Mark Whitenton, and Scott Diezman. Photo by Jon Vrana Heavy Rains Keep Attendance Down at Gettys-
Above, Heavy rains didn’t deter BRCWRT stalwart Gwen Wyttenbach from making her annual visit to Gettysburg for the Remembrance Day Parade and ceremonies. Gwen, at right, is shown with a “Willie Johnston” of the Army of the Potomac, 2nd Corps., Battery A, Fourth US Artillery (who prob- ably fibbed about his age when he signed up!). At right, BRCWRT member Dan Paterson (tallest Yank in mid-picture) marches undaunted past unfurled umbrellas.
Chapman’s Mill – (con’t from page 11) falling into Union hands, the torch was put to the Confederates. meat supply. It was said that the smell carried for 20 The war and its stress affected John Chapman. miles. He died in 1866, reportedly insane and leaving no In August 1862, Stonewall Jackson’s forces heirs. In the 1870s, Robert Beverley acquired the marched by the mill on their way to raid the Union property, the refurbished building became known as supply depot at Manassas Junction and provoke the Beverley’s Mill. The facility was in operation until it beginning of the battle of Second Manassas. On closed sometime after World War II. The vacant August 28-29, they were followed by the remainder structure was gutted by an arson fire in 1998. The of Lee’s army which drove a defending Union force surviving mill walls are a reminder of the poor out of the gap. Union sharpshooters stationed in the planning and horrendous supply problems that mill are said to have made it tough for the advancing dogged the region during the early Civil War years. BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 15
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 16
Preservation Report – (con’t from page 5)
entity, or restrictions imposed as a result of subsequent actions of the locality Some monuments, memorials and statues are located on private property
Enclosures: – Applicable Virginia Statutes Enclosure – National : Applicable Park Service Virginia Guidance Statutes – National Park Service and Civil War Monuments
Code of Virginia Sec. . Circuit court and board of supervisors of any county may authorize and permit the erec- tion of a Confederate monument at the county seat thereof. — The circuit court of any county may, with the concurrence of the board of supervisors of such county entered of record, authorize and permit the erection of a Confederate monument upon the public square of such county at the county seat thereof. And if the same shall be so erected it shall not be lawful thereafter for the authorities of said county, or any other person or persons whatever, to disturb or interfere with any monument so erected, or to pre- vent the citizens of said county from taking all proper measures and exercising all proper means for the protection, preservation and care of same. And if the boards of supervisors may appropriate a sufficient sum or sums of money out or its funds of any such county to complete or aid in the erection of a monument to the Confederate soldiers of such county upon the public square thereof, or elsewhere at the county seat; and they are also author- ized to make a special levy to raise the money necessary for the completion of any such monument, or the erection of a monument to such Confederate soldiers, or to supplement the funds already raised or that may be hereafter raised by private persons, or by Confederate veterans, or other organizations, for the purpose of building such monuments; and they are also authorized and empowered to appropriate from time to time, out of any funds of such county, a sufficient sum or sums of money to permanently care for, protect and preserve the Confederate monument erected upon the public square of any such county, and- to expend the same therefor as other county funds are expended. , p. ’ , p. § . . Memorials for war veterans. A locality may, within the geographical limits of the locality, authorize and permit the- erection of monuments or memorials- for any war or conflict,- or for any engagement- of such war or conflict, to in- clude the following monuments or memorials: Algonquin ,- French and- Indian , Revo- lutionary- , War of - , Mexican- , Confederate- or Union monu- ments or memorials- of the War- Between the States , Spanish- American , World War I - , World War II , Korean- , Vietnam , Operation De- sert Shield Desert Storm , Global War on Terrorism , Operation Enduring Freedom , and Operation Iraqi Freedom . If such are erected, it shall be unlawful for the authori- ties of the locality, or any other person or persons, to disturb or interfere with any monuments or me- morials so erected, or to prevent its citizens from taking proper measures and exercising proper means for the protection, preservation and care of same. For purposes of this section, "disturb or interfere with" includes removal of, damaging or defacing monuments or memorials, or, in the case of the War Between the States, the placement of Union markings or monuments on previously designated Confed- erate memorials or the placement of Confederate markings or monuments on previously designated Un- ion memorials. The governing body may appropriate a sufficient sum of money out of its funds to complete or aid in (con’t on page 17) the erection of monuments or memorials to the veterans of such wars. The governing body may also BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 17
Preservation Report – (con’t from page 16)
make a special levy to raise the money necessary for the erection or completion of any such monuments or memorials, or to supplement the funds already raised or that may be raised by private persons, Vet- erans of Foreign Wars, the American Legion or other organizations. It may also appropriate, out of any funds of such locality,- a sufficient sum of money- to permanently care for, protect and preserve such monuments or memorials and may expend the same thereafter as other funds are expended. Code , § ; , c. , § . ; , c. ; , c. ; , c. ; , c. ; , c. ; , c. .
The chapters of the acts of assembly referenced in the historical citation at the end of this section may not constitute a comprehensive list of such chapters and may exclude chapters whose provisions haveEnclosure expired. : National Park Service Guidance –National Park Service and Civil War Monuments
August National Park Service Guidance National Park Service and Civil War Monuments: Across the country, the National Park Service maintains and interprets monuments, markers, and plaques that commemorate and memorialize those who fought during the Civil War. These memorials represent an important, if controversial, chapter in our Nation’s history. The National Park Service is committed to preserving these memorials while simultaneously educating visitors holistically about the actions, motivations, and causes of the soldiers and states they commemorate. A hallmark of American progress is our ability to learn from our history. Many commemorative works including monuments and markers were specifically authorized by Congress. In other cases, a monument may have preceded the establishment of a park, and thus could be considered a protected park resource and value. In either of these situations, legislation could be re- quired to remove the monument, and the NPS may need to comply with Section of the National His- toric Preservation Act and the National Environmental Policy Act before removing a statue/memorial. Still other monuments, while lacking legislative authorization, may have existed in parks long enough to qualify as historic features. A key aspect of their historical interest is that they reflect the knowledge, attitudes, and tastes of the people who designed and placed them. Unless directed by legisla- tion, it is the policy- of the National Park Service that these works and their inscriptions will not be al- tered, relocated, obscured, or removed, even when they are deemed inaccurate or incompatible with prevailing present day values. The Director of the National Park Service may make an exception to this policy.
The NPS will continue to provide historical context and interpretation for all of our sites and monu- ments in order to reflect a fuller view of past events and the values under which they occurred. Preservation
BRCWRT — Vol. XXIV, Issue 9, DECEMBER/JANUARY 2017/18 Page 18 BULL RUN CIVIL WAR ROUND TABLE The Stone Wall P.O. Box 2147 Centreville, VA 20122
2017 Bull Run Civil War Round Table — MEMBERSHIP FORM We are delighted that you are interested in joining our organization and look forward to seeing you at our next meeting and at our upcoming events! Annual dues are: Individual—$20. Family—$25. Student (age 22 and under)—FREE. Make checks payable to: BRCWRT (Bull Run Civil War Round Table). This form may be given to the Treasurer at the General Membership meeting, or mail it to: Mark Knowles, BRCWRT Treasurer, 169 Applegate Drive, Sterling, VA 20164 NAME______ADDRESS______CITY______STATE______ZIP______PHONE______E-MAIL______