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International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS) Available online at: http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 10 Issue 10, October- 2020 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 7.077| (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journal.) THE FACTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRONOMIC TOURISM IN JIZZAKHREGION IN YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE Rakhmonova Surayyo An independent researcher Abstract.The article reflects the potential of gastronomic tourism in Jizzakh region, which attracts tourists to traditional food, natural products, fruits. The main focus is on the implementation of the potential of gastronomic tourism in Jizzakh region, on the organization of trips to this region by using gastronomic guides for tourists. Keywords: gastronomic tourism, gastronomic tourism of Jizzakh region, Jizzakh samosa, Bakhmal apple, Zomin tandoor, Zomin patir(flat round bread), Aydar-Arnasay lake fish, Jizzakh jiz (kebab made of meatcut), Jizzakh nisholdasi(white foamy cream eaten during Ramadan month), sweets, Mirzachul melons, Zaamin mountain honey. Each country has its own national cuisine, which is also a field of tourism that attracts foreign travelers’ attention. For the years of independence, there have been ample opportunities for the development of the national culinary art. Many delicacies that began to be forgotten have once again become the beauties of the table. The peculiarities of Uzbek national cuisine and the national dishes differ from the dishes of other nations by their diversity and methods of preparation. Our national cuisine has a centuries-old history, cooking traditions and culture. It is an integral part of national values, as it reflects the way of life, customs, uniqueness and climatic conditions of the region. Respect and study of the national traditions and culture of the peoples of the world, awareness of the world culinary art strengthens the ties of friendship and cooperation between countries and peoples.1 The reputation of Uzbek cuisine, which is famous in all regions of the world for its traditions and values, has been growing over the years of independence. Uzbek cuisine is distinguished by its diversity, energy, diet and healing properties. At the same time, the traditions and culture of regional cooking, typical sides of the regions, are combined to form a nationwide culinary art. Each region of the republic has its own famous cuisine. Jizzakh region is also one of the regions rich in gastronomic tourism potential. The Nurata mountain range in the 1Uzbek culinary art. ”Uzbek National Encyclopedia” state scientific publishing house. Tashkent 2005,page 10. International Journal of Research in Economics & Social Sciences 99 Email:- [email protected], http://www.euroasiapub.org (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journal.) International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS) Available online at: http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 10 Issue 10, October- 2020 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 7.077| Zarafshan valley of the Jizzakh region, located in the northern branch of the Tien Shan, was once a disputed territory among the Uzbek khanates. This situation has also affected the culinary traditions of the region, as the traditions of Samarkand, Fergana and Bukhara culinary schools are clearly visible in it. The list of traditional dishes of Jizzakh region is not yet completely learned. It is required to carry out in-depth study of the ethnographic data of the region, including local, religious, Sufi and medicinal cuisine.2 At the 1stInternational Gastronomic Festival, which took place on August 9-11, 2019 in Tashkent, Jizzakh region demonstrated its gastronomic potential with its traditional cuisine. Legendary Jizzakh samosa, unique Zomin tandoor, Zomin patir, Aydar-Arnasay lake fish, famous jizz of Jizzakh, Jizzakh nisholda, sweets, famous melons of Mirzachul were presented to the festival participants under the motto “Jizzakh region is a place of natural tastes”.3 In addition, apples grown in Bakhmal district of Jizzakh region are known not only in the territory of the Republic but also in neighboring countries. Gardeners associate the unique taste of Bakhmal apples with the mountain climate and soil composition. Consequently, horticulture is one of the main sources of income for the rural population of the region. More than 80% of the local population is engaged in horticulture, where apples such as cremson, five-star, kore, simeranka, goden, vayensop, aport are grown.4 Zomin mountain honey is also known for its sweetness and healing properties. The honey is also known for its 107 medicinal plants growing in the region.5 It attracts every healer and tourist’s attentions. Abu Ali ibn Sina,medical scientist, enumerated the properties of honey,“Honey cleanses theorganism, smooths the vascular tract, has the ability to absorb moisture and gums. It removes eye strain. Crushing and gargling honey with a fork relieves suffocation, resists inflammation of the tonsils. It also strengthens the stomach, whets the appetite, improves the digestion. Besides, honey relieves yeast and iron deficiency. According to Ibn Sina, honey should be consumed to keep the organism young6. 2Uzbekistan is a paradisiacal country. Tashkent- “Uzbekistan”-2005. Page 105 3https://uzbektourism.uz/uz/newnews/view?id=577 4The recordings of 65 year-old SamadovRustam’s speeches who lives in Usmat village, Bakhmal District, Jizzakh Region 5from the present archives of ZOMIN NATIONAL PARK LLC 6MannonNabiev. Honey is a treasure of cures. “Ukituvchi” publishing house. Tashkent 2013. page 8. International Journal of Research in Economics & Social Sciences 100 Email:- [email protected], http://www.euroasiapub.org (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journal.) International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS) Available online at: http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 10 Issue 10, October- 2020 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 7.077| Jizzakh samosa is the most popular dish of the region and is well-known all over the country. The samosais loved and eaten as a bright example of ancient Turkish culinary traditions.7In particular, the process of preparation of Jizzakh samosa was shown to foreign guests at the the 1stInternational Gastronomic Tourism Festival, which took place on August 9-11, 2019 in Tashkent and also on November 6-8, 2019 at the International Festival of Agrotourism "Golden Autumn 2019" held in Jizzakh region. Almost every choykhona (teahouse) or restaurant in Jizzakh region prepares this traditional dish. One ordinary teahouse prepares and sells 600 samosa a day. One samosa weighs 500 grams.8 The process of making samosa is very simple: it is made into a dough in water. The finely chopped beef is mixed into it, mixed with chopped onions and spices, and stuffed into a thicker, rounded dough. Sprinkle sesame seeds on top of the batter and place in a preheated oven. Pour vegetable oil over the hot samosa cut from the oven and serve. Locals say one person can get full with only one samosa. The Davron ota teahouse in the region is famous for making traditional samosa.9 Jizzakh nisholda, the plant needed to prepare this sweet dish, grows only in Uzbekistan, and it gives a unique taste to the dessert and attracts tourists. Jizzakh nisholdadeserves special attention in this regard. To prepare the dish you will need 0.5 kg of sugar - 0.5 liters of water, a pinch of citric acid or vanillin, 2 egg whites and 20 g of rootsof “Yetmak”(that special plant). The process of making this sugary dessert similar to a white cream is as follows. First, the syrup is boiled in water with sugar and cooled. The root of the meat plant is cleaned, cut into small pieces and boiled in water. The prepared broth is filtered through a sieve and cooled. Beat the egg whites well with the cooking water. To do this, use sticks of quince tree. Add a little sugar syrup to the prepared egg whites and whisk until a thick, creamy texture is formed. The syrup of the beaten egg should not separate from the egg foam and sink to the bottom. Vanillin or citric acid can be added while whipping in a saucepan to make it fragrant. The fact that Nishalda dessert has been prepared for centuries is 7Uzbekistan is a paradisiacal country. Tashkent- “Uzbekistan”-2005. Page 105 8 Gazeta(newspaper) Lady.#46(1070) 14.11.2019 page 5. 9the recordings of Tokhir Ismatullaev’s speeches, a 63 year-oldcook who lives in Katta(big) Bog’(garden) Makhalla(neighbourhood/block), Zomin District,Jizzakh Region. International Journal of Research in Economics & Social Sciences 101 Email:- [email protected], http://www.euroasiapub.org (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journal.) International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS) Available online at: http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 10 Issue 10, October- 2020 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 7.077| a clear proof that it is a dessert that is loved and consumed during the holy month of Ramadan.10 Zomin tandoor is another popular dish of the mountain people made of meat. While the preparation of this dish is not drastically different from tandoors prepared in other regions, the fresh air of the Zomin Mountains, the mountain spruce added in as spices, gives a wonderful taste.First, the mutton, cut into large pieces, is sprinkled with a mixture of salt, cumin and pepper and simmered for 40 minutes. This is because the mixture should be well absorbed into the meat. Then the spruce branches are placed between the meat. Firewood made from fruit trees gives a special flavor to the dish. Large pieces of wood are taken from the wood burning in the oven, and the pieces of minced meat are pulled into a sharp stick and placed on top of the charcoal. The covered meat is cooked for an hour to prevent air from entering.11 Best round bread for breakfast Zomin patir, which is also popular among tourists, is prepared as follows.