Abstract Book

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Abstract Book 14thAnnual Meeting 2016 August 28 – 30 Berlin, Germany Hilton Berlin ABSTRACT BOOK #SNE2016, @socforneuroecon www.neuroeconomics.org Table of Contents Oral Sessions ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Sunday August 28, 2016 ........................................................................................................................... 3 Session I – Consumer and Organizational Behavior ............................................................................. 3 Monday August 29, 2016 ......................................................................................................................... 5 Session II – Attention, Learning & Memory ......................................................................................... 5 Session III – Social Influences and Social Decisions .............................................................................. 8 Tuesday August 30, 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 10 Session IV – Valuation & Value Systems ............................................................................................. 10 Session V – Aging & Computational Psychiatry .................................................................................. 13 Session VI – Bounded Rationality ....................................................................................................... 15 Poster Spotlights ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Sunday August 28, 2016 ......................................................................................................................... 19 Monday August 29, 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 22 Tuesday August 30, 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 25 Poster Abstracts ......................................................................................................................................... 29 Sunday August 28, 2016 ......................................................................................................................... 29 A – Emotion & Affect .......................................................................................................................... 29 B – Individual & Lifespan Differences ................................................................................................. 31 C - Finance .......................................................................................................................................... 33 D - Consumer Behavior & Marketing ................................................................................................. 35 E – Risk & Uncertainty ........................................................................................................................ 37 F – Intertemporal Decision-Making & Self-Control ............................................................................ 41 G – Computational Modeling ............................................................................................................. 43 H – Game Theory & Strategic Interactions ......................................................................................... 45 I – Learning & Memory ....................................................................................................................... 47 J – Valuation & Value Systems ........................................................................................................... 49 K – Choice & Choice Systems ............................................................................................................. 52 L - Social Rewards & Social Preferences ............................................................................................. 58 Monday August 29, 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 64 A – Emotion & Affect .......................................................................................................................... 64 B – Individual & Lifespan Differences ................................................................................................. 67 1 Society for NeuroEconomics 2016 C - Finance .......................................................................................................................................... 68 E – Risk & Uncertainty ........................................................................................................................ 69 F – Intertemporal Decision-Making & Self-Control ............................................................................ 75 G – Computational Modeling ............................................................................................................. 77 H – Game Theory & Strategic Interactions ......................................................................................... 79 I – Learning & Memory ....................................................................................................................... 81 J – Valuation & Value Systems ........................................................................................................... 83 K – Choice & Choice Systems ............................................................................................................. 86 L - Social Rewards & Social Preferences ............................................................................................. 92 Tuesday August 30, 2016 ....................................................................................................................... 98 A – Emotion & Affect .......................................................................................................................... 98 B – Individual & Lifespan Differences ................................................................................................. 99 D – Consumer Behavior & Marketing ............................................................................................... 101 E – Risk & Uncertainty ...................................................................................................................... 102 F – Intertemporal Decision-Making & Self-Control .......................................................................... 109 G – Computational Modeling ........................................................................................................... 112 H – Game Theory & Strategic Interactions ....................................................................................... 115 I – Learning & Memory ..................................................................................................................... 116 J – Valuation & Value Systems ......................................................................................................... 118 K – Choice & Choice Systems ........................................................................................................... 121 L - Social Rewards & Social Preferences ........................................................................................... 127 2 Society for NeuroEconomics 2016 Oral Sessions Sunday August 28, 2016 Session I – Consumer and Organizational Behavior 08:45 – 09:05 Neural Mechanisms Underlying Diversification in Consumer Choice Linda Couwenberg¹, Maarten Boksem¹, Maciej Szymanowski¹, Alan Sanfey², Ale Smidts¹ ¹Erasmus University, ²Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Objective: How do people make multiple selections from an array of available options? In a wide range of decision tasks in which people have to allocate a scarce resource (e.g., money, time, or choices) over a fixed set of options, it has been shown that people tend to diversify. Interestingly, consumers are willing to forgo preferred options and to choose less preferred options in order to obtain choice portfolios with greater variety (Ratner, Kahn & Kahneman, 1999). Past research suggests that the need to diversify could be driven by concerns about satiation (McAlister, 1982), or a desire for novelty or change (Venkatesan, 1973). The current research seeks to provide more insight into these underlying motivations to diversify, using fMRI. Methods: In our task, participants (N = 41) made a series of choices among a set of choice options by evaluating one option at the time. If one decided to accept an option, the particular option appeared in one's 'basket'. We investigate participants' valuation for the different options in the choice set, given the chosen options already in this 'basket'. More specifically, with this task we aim to dissociate whether people diversify because of (1) satiation: their valuation of an option decreases when the same option was already chosen before, or (2) novelty seeking: their valuation of a non-chosen option increases. Results: Using a random effects logit model, we find that choices can be predicted by both the number of times the same option was selected before (ß = -0.54, p < .01), as well as the number of times other options were selected before (ß = 0.31, p < .01). On the neural level, we
Recommended publications
  • Weirdest People in the World?
    BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2010), Page 1 of 75 doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999152X The weirdest people in the world? Joseph Henrich Department of Psychology and Department of Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada [email protected] http://www.psych.ubc.ca/ henrich/home.html ! Steven J. Heine Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada [email protected] Ara Norenzayan Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada [email protected] Abstract: Behavioral scientists routinely publish broad claims about human psychology and behavior in the world’s top journals based on samples drawn entirely from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Researchers – often implicitly – assume that either there is little variation across human populations, or that these “standard subjects” are as representative of the species as any other population. Are these assumptions justified? Here, our review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species – frequent outliers. The domains reviewed include visual perception, fairness, cooperation, spatial reasoning, categorization and inferential induction, moral reasoning, reasoning styles, self-concepts and related motivations, and the heritability of IQ. The findings suggest that members of WEIRD societies, including young children, are among the least representative populations one could find for generalizing about humans. Many of these findings involve domains that are associated with fundamental aspects of psychology, motivation, and behavior – hence, there are no obvious a priori grounds for claiming that a particular behavioral phenomenon is universal based on sampling from a single subpopulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Game: a Theoretical Basis for Measuring Reciprocity in Human Socio-Economic Interactions
    International Journal of Social Sciences Vol. VII, No. 1 / 2018 DOI: 10.20472/SS.2018.7.1.002 THE 'RECIPROCITY' GAME: A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR MEASURING RECIPROCITY IN HUMAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS ANTONIOS AVGERIS, ACHILLEAS KONTOGEORGOS, PANAGIOTA SERGAKI Abstract: The Theory of Expected Utility is the central theory that describes the way individuals make a decision according to the classical economic theory. Despite the fact of that, experimental studies on individuals' behavioral attitude of the last 20 years have shown that this theory does not accurately represent human behavior from a descriptive point of view. On the contrary, these studies bear out that reciprocity is the motivational drive of human decisions. People have a reciprocal behavior if they praise and repay good deeds and punish unkind ones. On the other hand, they are rational if they make every effort to maximize the benefit and their utility. In this review paper, we present a theoretical framework of reciprocity's measuring through the experimental economics. In particular, we propose an experimental way of identifying the incentives under which the subjects make a decision. Are they motivated by other people's well-being or by material self-interest? For achieving this, Homo Economicus and Homo Reciprocans ''conflict'' amid two different games of Game Theory. These games (Ultimatum Game and Dictator Game) create a new one, which is called ''The Reciprocity Game'' and it is going to offer us an important theoretical basis for the empirical measurement of human reciprocity in the future. Keywords: Game Theory, Homo Economicus, Homo Reciprocans, Reciprocity, Social Economy JEL Classification: C72, C90, Z13 Authors: ANTONIOS AVGERIS, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Email: [email protected] ACHILLEAS KONTOGEORGOS, University of Patras, Greece, Email: [email protected] PANAGIOTA SERGAKI, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Email: [email protected] Citation: ANTONIOS AVGERIS, ACHILLEAS KONTOGEORGOS, PANAGIOTA SERGAKI (2018).
    [Show full text]
  • Using Taxpayer Choice to Target Tax Enforcement
    Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2008 Revealing Choices: Using Taxpayer Choice to Target Tax Enforcement Alex Raskolnikov Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Tax Law Commons Recommended Citation Alex Raskolnikov, Revealing Choices: Using Taxpayer Choice to Target Tax Enforcement, COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW, VOL. 109, P. 689, 2009; COLUMBIA LAW & ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER NO. 337 (2008). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/1546 This Working Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. \\server05\productn\C\COL\109-4\COL402.txt unknown Seq: 1 23-APR-09 7:29 REVEALING CHOICES: USING TAXPAYER CHOICE TO TARGET TAX ENFORCEMENT Alex Raskolnikov* People pay their taxes for many different reasons. Some choose to game the system, paying only when the cost of noncompliance outweighs its bene- fits. Others comply out of habit, a sense of duty or reciprocity, a desire to avoid feelings of guilt or shame, and for many other reasons. Our tax en- forcement system has ignored this variety of taxpaying motivations for de- cades. It continues to rely primarily on audits and penalties, at least where information reporting and withholding are impossible. Fines and audits de- ter those rationally playing the tax compliance game, but are wasteful or even counterproductive when applied to others.
    [Show full text]
  • Cedex-Discussion-Paper-2014-02
    Discussion Paper No. 2014-02 Human Pro-Social Motivation Simon Gächter and the Maintenance of Social March 2014 Order CeDEx Discussion Paper Series ISSN 1749 - 3293 The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics was founded in 2000, and is based in the School of Economics at the University of Nottingham. The focus for the Centre is research into individual and strategic decision-making using a combination of theoretical and experimental methods. On the theory side, members of the Centre investigate individual choice under uncertainty, cooperative and non-cooperative game theory, as well as theories of psychology, bounded rationality and evolutionary game theory. Members of the Centre have applied experimental methods in the fields of public economics, individual choice under risk and uncertainty, strategic interaction, and the performance of auctions, markets and other economic institutions. Much of the Centre's research involves collaborative projects with researchers from other departments in the UK and overseas. Please visit http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/cedex for more information about the Centre or contact Suzanne Robey Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics School of Economics University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD Tel: +44 (0)115 95 14763 Fax: +44 (0) 115 95 14159 [email protected] The full list of CeDEx Discussion Papers is available at http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/cedex/publications/discussion-papers/index.aspx HUMAN PRO-SOCIAL MOTIVATION AND THE MAINTENANCE OF SOCIAL ORDER Simon Gächter*, University of Nottingham, IZA, CESifo Published in: Doron Teichman and Eyal Zamir (eds): The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Economics and the Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2014, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Homo Reciprocans and the Future of Egalitarian Politics
    Is Equality Passe? Homo Recipro cans and the Future of Egalitarian Politics Samuel Bowles and Herb ert Gintis Department of Economics University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003 Octob er 19, 1998 A man ought to b e a friend to his friend and repay gift with gift. People should meet smiles with smiles and lies with treachery. From The Edda, a 13th century collection of Norse epic verse. 1 Is Equality Passe? We think not. The welfare state is in trouble not b ecause sel shness is ram- pant (it is not), but b ecause many egalitarian programs no longer evoke, and sometimes now o end, deeply held notions of fairness, encompassing b oth recipro city and generosity, but stopping far short of unconditional altruism towards the less well o . Recasting egalitarianism to tap these sentiments should b e high on the agenda of those who worry ab out the human toll b eing taken bypoverty, inequality, and insecurity in the United States and in the world. The United States public remains deeply committed to helping those in need. In 1991 and ABC/WP p oll found that twice as many were \willing to pay higher taxes" to \reduce poverty" as were opp osed. In 1995 61% expressed willingness to pay more taxes to \provide job training and public service jobs for p eople on welfare so that they can get o welfare." (Weaver, Shapiro and Jacobs 1995). Almost three quarters of those surveyed by Time To b e the basis of a symp osium in the Boston Review,Fall 1998.
    [Show full text]
  • Are Art Students Nicer Than Economics Students? a Discussion of How Economic Game Theory Predicts That Art and Economics Students Differ in Terms of Reciprocity
    University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics Volume 6 Issue 1 Article 1 2002 Are Art Students Nicer than Economics Students? A Discussion of How Economic Game Theory Predicts that Art and Economics Students Differ in Terms of Reciprocity Abigail Claiborne Smith College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/uauje Part of the Behavioral Economics Commons Recommended Citation Claiborne, Abigail (2002) "Are Art Students Nicer than Economics Students? A Discussion of How Economic Game Theory Predicts that Art and Economics Students Differ in ermsT of Reciprocity," University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics: Vol. 6 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/uauje/vol6/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Economics Departments at Illinois Wesleyan University and Illinois State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics by the editors of the journal. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. Are Art Students Nicer than Economics Students? A Discussion of How Economic Game Theory Predicts that Art and Economics Students Differ in Terms of Reciprocity Abigail Claiborne Smith College Northampton, Masachusetts 1 http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/uauje Abstract Neoclassical economic game theory predicts that a player’s goal is to maximize her income regardless of others. In playing the Ultimatum Game this means that Allocators will allocate the minimum amount and the Responders will accept that amount because something is better than nothing. Economics students behave differently because they self-select into that field already thinking as economists do and while studying economics they adapt their behaviors to economic theory.
    [Show full text]
  • Homo Reciprocans: a Research Initiative on the Origins, Dimensions
    Homo reciprocans : A Research Initiative on the Origins, Dimensions, and Policy Implications of Recipro cal Fairness Samuel Bowles Rob ert Boyd Ernst Fehr Herb ert Gintis June 7, 1997 Abstract Exp erimental economists and other so cial scientists have discovered an imp ortant form of human b ehavior that has b een inadequately an- alyzed by b ehavioral scientists. In public go o ds, ultimatum, and other games where players gain from co op erative b ehavior, agents have a predisp osition to co op erate and to undertake costly punishmentofde- fectors, even when this b ehavior cannot b e justi ed in terms of tradi- tional game-theoretic equilibrium and learning concepts. We call this `recipro cal fairness.' Our research has four goals. First, can the exp eriments on recipro- cal fairness b e replicated with diverse sub ject p o ols and various strate- gic settings? Second, how might such b ehavior have evolved, given that it is formally altruistic, and hence `un t' except under stringent circumstances? Third, how do es the existence of recipro cal fairness in- uence our analysis of so cial p olicy in such areas as taxation, charity, redistributive exp enditure, and criminal sentencing? Fourth, how to what extent do es cultural variation induce di erences in the strength of recipro cal b ehavior and conditions under which agents exhibit re- cipro cal fairness? 1 Explaining Co op erative Behavior Despite its reputation for fostering comp etitive b ehavior, the contemp orary market economy sustains imp ortant forms of co op eration. Employees co op- erate with one another and with management in the enterprise, agents are more or less trustworthy in exchange situations, family memb ers provide for one another, p eople givetocharity,volunteer for public service, and supp ort government redistributive exp enditures.
    [Show full text]