no. 29 Winter/Spring 2014 AnthroQ The Newsletter of The Leakeyuest Foundation Historic Paleo Meeting in Cleveland, Ohio by Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie Curator/Head, Physical Anthropology Cleveland Museum of Natural History Leakey Foundation Grantee

n September, The Leakey Foundation’s Board of Trustees and staff members Iwere in Cleveland, Ohio, on a mission to promote public education on human origins. The Foundation, in collaboration with Case Western Reserve University; the Cleveland Museum of Natural History; The Institute for the Science of Origins; and National Public Radio affiliate Ideastream, organized the public symposium “On the Trail of Lucy: A Collaborative Exploration of Australopithecus.”

The public symposium brought together (l t o r) Drs. Zeray Alemseged, Carol Ward and Fred Spoor at the symposium. 28 prominent paleoanthropologists from Photo: Brian Bull/Ideastream Africa, Europe, and the United States. fleshed-out reconstruction of Lucy as its Lucy and her relatives. Dr. Jeremy DeSilva’s Most of these scientists are multiple-time centerpiece. The symposium was divided lecture on the locomotor adaptations of Leakey Foundation grantees. The sympo- into three lecture sessions and one panel early Australopithecus was followed by the sium attracted more than 450 attendees discussion. Dr. Terry Harrison, a member most public-friendly lecture, by Dr. Bruce across all ages and educational backgrounds. of The Leakey Foundation’s Scientific Latimer, on the perils of bipedality. This The symposium was opened with a keynote Executive Committee, opened the morning talk left the audience with a tantalizing lecture by Dr. Bernard Wood on September program with his lecture on the earliest question: “Why did we become bipedal?” 19, “Relatives and Ancestors” at the Stro- human ancestors preceding Lucy’s genus More questions were raised during the sacker Auditorium of Case Western Reserve Australopithecus. This was followed by discussion that I moderated, and most of University. The public symposium followed Drs. William H. Kimbel and Carol Ward’s these questions were related to understand- the next day at the Cleveland Museum of lectures on “What was Australopithecus?” ing the selective advantages for the evolution Natural History, an institution with a long The audience found these lectures informa- of bipedality in our lineage. history on research in human origins and tive and they asked many questions during evolution. the discussion session, which was moderated The last session of the morning was by Dr. Zeray Alemseged. “Through the Eyes of Australopithecus.” The opening of the symposium coincided Drs. Kaye Reed and Thure Cerling talked with the unveiling of the museum’s new The second session, Australopithecus “ : how about ancient trees and landscapes and human origins gallery portraying a new it moved,” addressed the bipedal anatomy of the chemistry of Australopithecus food, [continued on page 8]

The mission of The Leakey Foundation is to increase INSIDE scientific knowledge, The Gordon Getty Awarded Grants: Dr. Lordkipanidze education, and public Grant Legacy the Fall 2013 On Dmanisi, Being understanding of human Begins Cycle a Leakey Grantee origins, evolution, behavior, page 3 pages 4 & 5 page 10 and survival. BOARD OF TRUSTEES Gordon P. Getty Chairman Dear Friends of The Leakey Foundation, Donald E. Dana President Hernan Buchi The word legacy means many things to many As we look to this Nina L. Carroll people. To some, it rouses thoughts of a dusty new year, so full Alice Corning Carolyn P. Farris shelf of books, written by people whose names of possibilities, J. Michael Gallagher sound vaguely familiar. To others, including let’s also reflect Misty Gruber myself, legacy embodies something powerful on the past. To Austin Hills and important. remember the re- C. Paul Johnson searchers who’ve Mark Jordan Matthew Kaser Many of today’s leaders in human origins left a legacy of Julie M. LaNasa research had the opportunity to meet Louis incredible dis- Dixon Long and Mary Leakey. Some sat in crowded univer- covery, to think Diana McSherry sity auditoriums as students, their inspiration about those who G. Robert Muehlhauser coming from the stories amplified through the work so tirelessly Don Dana Photo: J. Harris Jeanne Newman Mark Nickel speakers. Other researchers had the opportu- today to make William P. Richards, Jr. nity to work in the field beside these pioneers, new discoveries, and to acknowledge those Camilla Smith finding and studying fossils and stone tools, individuals whose patronage make those Joy Sterling and even sharing a whiskey and cigar. For discoveries possible. Naoma Tate these researchers, inspiration came through a Cole Thomson physical connection that, for many of them, To those who have shaped and defined the William M. Wirthlin, Jr. changed their lives and helped shape a part of legacy of The Leakey Foundation, I thank you. their own legacy. SCIENTIFIC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Dr. Frank Brown For many scientists, legacy may represent the Co-Chairman knowledge they are leaving behind for future Dr. Richard Klein generations, not necessarily through citations Donald E. Dana Co-Chairman and impact factors, but rather through their President of The Leakey Foundation Dr. John Fleagle approaches, concepts and philosophies of Dr. Alexander Harcourt science. Dr. Terry Harrison Dr. Kristen Hawkes AnthroQuest Thank You Dr. Steven Kuhn In this issue of , you will learn Dr. Meave Leakey about some of the global, long-term field Dr. Daniel Lieberman studies we support; also events in Cleveland Dr. John Mitani we sponsored, bringing together 28 human Dr. Martin Muller origins scientists; and a special project Dr. Robert Seyfarth Dr. Joan Silk funding Dr. Leslea Hlusko’s curation of Mary Leakey’s Bed III/IV assemblages from Olduvai STAFF Gorge. These are the scientists who are shaping Sharal Camisa the legacy our children will come to know. Managing Director Beth Green And finally there is the legacy of those Communications Director people whose scientific curiosity helped H. Gregory establish the Foundation 46 years ago, and Program Associate whose commitment continues today with Meredith Johnson their generous contributions. In the donation Outreach Coordinator section of our website, you can view a list of Carole Travis-Henikoff recently made a generous donation in Paddy Moore the patrons who have provided the Founda- memory of her dear friend, Program Officer tion financial support on an annual basis for Dr. Garniss Curtis. Rachel Roberts over 25 years! Finance Manager The Gordon Getty Grant Legacy Begins

Semaw is Senior Research Scientist at Centro Nacional de Investigación Sobre la Evolución Humana in Burgos, Spain. Since obtaining his Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1997, he’s been Director of the Gona Paleoanthropological Research Project in the Afar region of Ethiopia. Semaw’s research, with consistent sup- port from The Leakey Foundation, has produced a wealth of remarkable pale- ontological and archaeological discov- eries. These include 4.3–4.5 million Sileshi Gona The Project Semaw Photo: year old fossils of Ardipithecus ramidus; the oldest known stone tools, dating to 2.5– 2.6 million years; and a well-preserved pelvis of a female Homo erectus individual.

Dr. Semaw’s current research project aim by Dr. Terry Harrison The Gordon Getty Grant will be awarded to continue excavations at archaeological sites in the Gona region, dating to 1.7–1.8 Professor & Chair, Anthropology Dept., each year to an investigator and project that Director, Center for the Study of Human are considered to be of exceptional merit. million years, which may provide impor- Origins, New York University As of receiving the news that he had been tant clues to understanding the nature of awarded the inaugural Gordon Getty Grant, the transition from the Oldowan to the he very first recipient of the Gordon Dr. Semaw stated, Acheulean lithic industries. His continued Getty Grant is Dr. Sileshi Semaw for excavations, with support from the Gordon “I have no words to express how happy hisT project titled: Continued excavations Getty Grant, will contribute crucial new I am to receive the Gordon Getty Grant. evidence towards a better understanding exploring the Oldowan–Acheulian transition The generous grants from The Leakey of the nature and timing of the transition at Gona, Ethiopia. This newly established Foundation have been the cornerstone to the early Acheulean, one of the most grant was created in 2013 to honor Mr. for the success of the Gona Project, important events that occurred during Getty’s 40 years with the Foundation and beginning with the first grant I received th the first 2 million years of human cultural to celebrate his 80 birthday. With this 15 years ago. The consistent financial development.h award, the Foundation can acknowledge support from the Foundation is much Mr. Getty’s leadership and contributions to appreciated–and now this prestigious If you’d like to make a gift to the human origins research, while honoring his and special research grant honoring Gordon Getty Grant Fund, visit special relationship to The Leakey Founda- Gordon–this is indeed an exceptional tion, for all time. leakeyfoundation.org/getty opportunity for me and my colleagues!” or see the donation form on page 11.

The Gordon Getty Grant Fund Donors* (Donations made between August 15, 2013 and January 31, 2014) Dr. Irven DeVore Drs. Alexander Harcourt Mr. C. Paul Johnson Mr. & Mrs. G. Robert Mr. & Mrs. Cole Thomson & Kelly Stewart Muehlhauser Mrs. Joan Donner Ms. Julie M. LaNasa Mr. & Mrs. William Mr. & Mrs. Austin Hills Mr. & Mrs. Mark Nickel M. Wirthlin II Dr. Holly Dunsworth Dr. Daniel Lieberman Mrs. Betty Howell Mr. & Mrs. William P. Mrs. Diane Wilsey Dr. John G. Fleagle Dr. Linda Marchant Richards Drs. Rebecca Jabbour Mr. & Mrs. Frank Woods Mr. & Mrs. Michael Dr. Diana McSherry & Gary Richards Mr. & Mrs. Richard Walker * See issue no. 28 of Gallagher & Mr. Pat Poe AnthroQuest for donations made before August 2013.

Page 3 Awarded FallGrants 2013

Behavioral Mr. Kenneth Chiou, Washington University A group of geladas Photo: Dave Watts/ flickr: wattsdave Population genomics of a baboon hybrid zone in Zambia

Ms. Margaret Corley, University of Pennsylvania Ms. Anna Preis Dispersal and reproductive function in socially Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology monogamous owl monkeys Proximate mechanisms of conflict management in wild chimpanzees Ms. Morgan Gustison, University of Michigan The form and function of vocal complexity in gelada society Dr. Elizabeth Price Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University Ms. Caley Johnson Planning in orangutans: Investigating the evolution of Graduate Center of the City University of New York mental time travel Baboon diet in forest and savannah: Comparison of nutritional goals Ms. Rebecca Slepkov, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Dietary isotopes of chimpanzees & baboons at Gombe NP Dr. Kevin Langergraber, Boston University Do male chimpanzees gain females by expanding their Ms. Andrea Spence-Aizenberg, University of Pennsylvania territory through lethal inter-group aggression? (Genetic Olfaction, partner choice, and reproduction in owl monkeys monitoring study at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda) Mr. Duncan Stibbard Hawkes, University of Cambridge Ms. Stephanie Levy, Northwestern University Reading the signals: What does Hadza hunting success Adaptive significance of brown fat among the Yakut honestly convey? of Siberia Ms. Claudia Wilke, University of York Dr. Charles Menzel, Georgia State University Are cooperative chimpanzees more communicative? Studies of chimpanzee spatio-temporal cognition and foraging (Kibale, Uganda) Dr. Alicia P. Melis, University of Warwick The cognitive underpinnings of chimpanzee collaboration

To see final reports on grants we’ve funded in the past, visit the new page on our re-designed website! leakeyfoundation.org/reports

Page 4 Dr. John Polk, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Paleoanthropology Lower limb posture in Australopithecus sediba and extant apes Dr. Karen Baab, Stony Brook University Dr. Sileshi Semaw Integration of robust features across the cranial and Centro Nacional de Investigation sobre Evolucion Humana postcranial skeleton Continued excavations exploring Oldowan-Acheulian Dr. Lucas Delezene, University of Arkansas transition at Gona, Ethiopia Using dental microwear to infer hominin canine use Dr. Ron Shimelmitz Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa Ms. Nicole Garrett, University of Minnesota Human-environment interactions during the Upper Compound specific paleoecology of Early Miocene hominoids Paleolithic of Sefunim Cave, Israel from East Africa Dr. Britt Starkovich, University of Tübingen Ms. Lauren Gonzales, Duke University The evolution of late Pleistocene hominin diets in southern Intraspecific variation in semicircular canal morphology in Greece platyrrhine monkeys Dr. Dominic Stratford, University of the Witwatersrand Ms. Amber Heard-Booth, University of Texas at Austin Excavation of the Jacovec Cavern hominin-bearing deposits, Structure, function, and development of the human Sterkfontein Caves longitudinal arch

Ms. Stephanie Maiolino, Stony Brook University Comparative and functional morphology of primate nails and distal phalanges

Dr. Fredrick Manthi, National Museums of Kenya Investigations of the Todenyang & Loruth Kaado sites, NW Kenya

Dr. Laurent Marivaux, CNRS, France In search of early platyrrhine primates from Peruvian Amazonia “ Sterkfontein Caves, South Africa. Photo: Maropeng

Hadza montage: Joey Roe. Photos: Idobi; Andy Lederer/ flickr: 7177420@N03 Page 5 The Curatorial Rescue of

lduvai Gorge, Tanzania, is perhaps University) and I received assistance from Othe most famous of all archaeological the Foundation with the preservation of the sites informing on human evolution. First scientific context for a collection of fossils discovered to science in 1911 by Germans, excavated by Mary Leakey, which were left this site has since been a productive source at the Olduvai Leakey Camp. of data on human biological and cultural evolution. Dr. Njau and I co-direct the Comprehen- sive Olduvai Database Initiative (CODI), The site was made famous by Drs. Louis and which is working to bring this irreplace- Mary Leakey through their major discover- able heritage into a unified database. The ies of early human fossils and magnificent century of research at Olduvai Gorge has antiquities, documenting the evolutionary involved numerous scientists from different history of our species and vertebrate fauna backgrounds of expertise and countries of over the past two million years. Olduvai origin, resulting in fossils from this site being was the first place where the evidence of dispersed on a global scale (Munich, Berlin, early stone tool use, known as the Oldowan Lieden, London, Tanzania, and the through industry, was discovered. This discovery led out the United States). us to find the oldest evidence of our own genus, Homo (Homo habilis), and the first Unfortunately, much of the knowledge evidence of our odd ancestor Australopith- about where Olduvai fossils can be found ecus boisei (aka “Zinjanthropus”). It was is part of an “in-crowd” network. If a Assistants photograph artifacts and fossils the Olduvai record that first indicated that researcher is looking to access fossils for for the CODI database. by 2 million years ago our stone tool-using study and does not contact the right person, ancestors had evolved complex, social behavior, including hunting and eating meat at prehistoric campsites.

Olduvai continues to yield a wealth of evidence of human origins. In fact, it remains the best-dated geological sequence over the last 2 million years in Africa. Olduvai provides a yardstick for rates of evolutionary changes in human form, stone tool technology, numerous animal lineages, vegetation, climate change, African environ- ments and paleolandscapes. The site is still the best place in the world to investigate the behavior and ecology of the earliest species of the genus Homo, Homo habilis, due to the richness of its fossil and archaeological records.

In light of this history and continued the scientific importance, Dr. Jackson Njau The state of things in Mary Leakey’s storage building, in 2012. All photos: L. Hulsko/J. Njau (Assistant Professor of Geology, Indiana

Page 6 by Dr. Leslea Hlusko Associate Professor of Mary’s Finds Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley Technological ad- During the 2012 field season, Dr.Njau and vances especially the I were surprised to discover that one of the global availability of old buildings/labs at the Leakey Camp at Internet access, in- Olduvai contained not yet taxonomically- cluding in Tanzania, described material from Mary Leakey’s have made this data- archaeological excavations of the upper base possible. beds (material that is between 1.2 million and 780,000 years old – the time during In 2009, Dr. Njau human evolution when Homo erectus starts and I were granted a to transition towards “archaic” Homo three-year National sapiens). This material was organized decades Science Foundation ago, but with the rats, cats, weather, heat, (NSF) grant to make dust, and other forms of entropy, the bags, the vision of CODI labels, boxes, trays, and shelves have fallen a reality. The grant into disrepair. Provenience information also allowed us to that Mary Leakey meticulously recorded is Assistants clean and identify fossils from Mary’s collection. conduct new pa- rapidly being irretrievably lost! leontological field they’ll never know that a significant part research at Olduvai, as well as educational We spent a couple of days during the 2012 of the bird collection, for example, can be outreach in Tanzania. Part of the NSF field season just gathering a sense of what was found in someone’s basement in Florida. funding included an extensive stay in in the building and how much work would Nairobi at the Kenyan National Museums go into inventorying it. We found that much Before these connections are lost to time, in order to inventory the tens of thousands of the materials are important for paleon- the CODI project is working to unite all of fossils collected during Mary Leakey’s tological study, and were able to curate just of the various collections into one online excavations. These fossils were returned to over 200 specimens in 2 days in the initial space. CODI is a user-friendly database the National Museum of Tanzania, in Dar stage of the project. Curating involves a great that provides information on which fossils es Salam, in 2011. The project has since deal of work. Each fossil must be washed, exist and where they are housed. It includes shifted the efforts in Nairobi to working inventoried, photographed, and then placed photographs when possible. with the Dar es Salam Museum officials to in a new bag, with indelible labels. With unpack, organize, and inventory these fossils the Foundation’s assitance, we were able to This database is a valuable resource for electronically. curate the rest of the collection. scientists, as it points them to the multiple collections that contain fossils of specific While this project has been able to We’re grateful to The Leakey Foundation interest to their research projects, maximiz- accommodate the changing landscape with for helping to preserve the tremendous ing the scientific value of the assemblage. respect to the transfer of material from scientific discoveries that Mary and Louis Additionally, it provides considerable the Nairobi to the Dar es Salam museum, Leakey made at Olduvai Gorge.h assistance to the Department of Antiquities in 2012 Dr. Njau and I hit a hurdle which in Tanzania as they confront the monumen- could not be overcome by merely shifting tal task of caring for these materials. Given currently-held resources. The expenses had that the scientific community is responsible grown too great, but not enough of the To learn more about CODI, and to see for transporting and disarticulating these curation had been completed. The Leakey the progress being made, visit materials over the past 100 years, Dr. Njau Foundation granted additional funds to the olduvai-paleo.org A search for and I feel that it is the scientists’ responsibil- CODI project, so the team could continue specimen numbers “OVPP-L” will give ity to help get this collection in order. to preserve these materials. results from this project.

Page 7 Historic Meeting in Cleveland, OH [continued from page 1] respectively. These two lectures gave the many (and good) questions.” Dr. Viola “How could I participate in excavations?” audience insights into how paleoanthro- explained the overall reaction from the stu- Needless to say, it was a captivating experi- pologists reconstruct past environments in dents, “One of the important things for ence for the students. which our earliest ancestors lived and also them was to see that things like genetics, the food they ate. Dr. Rene Bobé moderated which they have mostly heard of in medical Another event that took place during The the discussion of this session. settings before, are also used for very differ- Leakey Foundation’s visit to Cleveland was ent questions.” Some of the students ended a workshop organized by Drs. Alemseged, The morning sessions were followed by a up inquiring about things such as, “What Kimbel, and myself to discuss collaboration six-member panel discussion, moderated by would I have to study to work in paleo- and data sharing among paleoanthropolo- Dr. Bernard Wood, in the afternoon. Panel anthropology?” Another student asked, gists. The title of the workshop was “The discussants were Drs. Alemseged, Kimbel, Paleobiology, Taxonomy, and Paleoecology Ward, Harrison, Fred Spoor, and myself. of Early Australopithecus: A Collaborative Numerous topics were raised, ranging from Approach to Synthesizing the Evidence.” the place of Australopithecus in the human This one-day workshop was funded by the family tree to its life history and social Wenner-Gren Foundation, with support structure. Dr. Spoor explained how new by The Leakey Foundation. All of the 28 imaging and visualization techniques such scientists who travelled to Cleveland partici- as computed tomography (CT) are advanc- pated in the workshop. They each began by ing the field of paleoanthropology. discussing how to best enhance collaboration among the different research projects, fol- One of The Leakey Foundation sponsored lowed by identifying key research questions events that took place in Cleveland was related to our evolution between 3 and 4 high school outreach, which took place a million years ago-creating informal working day before the public symposium. Three of groups responsible for coming up with ideas the symposium participants, Dr. Fredrick for collaborative research. The spirit of the Manthi, Dr. Stephanie Melillo, and Dr. workshop was so positive that it felt like the Bence Viola visited high schools in the idea of collaboration and data sharing was in Cleveland area, together with Leakey the hearts and minds of each participant. Foundation staff and board members. All three paleoanthropologists had very positive This is, I believe, one of the most successful impressions about their visit to the various workshops in the history of paleoanthro- schools. Dr. Melillo visited the Hathaway pology and every member of the workshop Brown School and presented a general over- hopes that it will set the standards of how view of paleoanthropology to the students. paleoanthropology will move forward. This “I was impressed by how much the students workshop will be followed by other similar knew about the topic, despite the fact that Above: Leakey Trustee Alice Corning inspects it is not covered in their curriculum” noted the new Lucy exhibit in Cleveland. Dr. Melillo, adding that, “It was a pleasure to speak to a room full of bright, young Below: The Foundation Trustees at CMNH. Photos: The Leakey Foundation women interested in human evolution.” It was also impressive to see a number of these students attend the public symposium the next day.

Dr. Viola, who visited the Cleveland School of Science and Medicine at the John Hay High School, a public school in Cleveland’s University Circle area, focused his talk on how advances in technology in deciphering ancient DNA and medical imaging has changed the way we look at human evolution. After his talk, the students were very interested in the subject and in fact, “asked

Page 8 A Prehistoic Tour of France heading to the Dordogne to visit several The highlight of our trip to the Dordogne of the region’s archaeological sites, she was another Leakey Foundation auction invited us to join her for the unveiling of a item that we had won—a day spent with new exhibit at the Cap Blanc cave site, near New York University Professor and leading Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil. George and Paleolithic art specialist, Dr. Randall White. I spent two days exploring French food, Dr. White showed us several cave sites, wine and cave art with Musée National de including the fabulous Fonte-de-Gaume. Préhistoire (MNP) Director Jean-Jacques The artwork in these caves is exquisite and Cleyet-Merle and his staff, Elizabeth there is much of it to see. We’ve been visiting Daynès and her assistant Peggy Martin, and the Dordogne for years, yet we both feel as if we see something new each time we visit a cave. Dr. White also gave us a nice tour of the area and took us to lunch at one of his favorite restaurants. After a leisurely meal and more touring, we ended the day with a visit to his home for drinks and good conversation with him and his wife Helene. by Jo Rainie Rodgers On our last night in the Dordogne, we were Leakey Foundation Fellow invited to join MNP staff member Pascal Villesuzanne and friends for a final night of few years ago, at the Annual Leakey food, wine and music at Pascal’s home near AFellow’s Dinner and Auction, my the site of Le Moustier. While I sampled husband, George, and I held the winning local wines, George played music into the bid for a visit to the atelier of Elisabeth night with Pascal and other members of the Daynès, the world renowned French sculptor newly formed musical group Troupe Saiga. who specializes in life sized reproductions of This troupe consists of 13 musicians/actors. early hominins based on facial reconstruc- Above left: Leakey Fellows Jo & George They have created a diverse group of “Paleo- tion and data from the fossil record. Rodgers in France, with Dr. White. Above lithic” musical instruments from shell, bone, right: Daynès’ bust of a Magdalenian woman, at Cap Blanc. Photos: Jo Rodgers wood and animal skins. They perform at We were quite excited to finally visit Atelier local archaeological sites, and they are a wild Daynès, in Paris, where Elizabeth explained Joyce and Bruce Chelberg (donors of both group! Thank you, Leakey Foundation, for her process for creating the realistic hominin the Field Museum and The Leakey Fouda- providing these wonderful opportunities to reproductions seen in many of the world’s tion.) We had recently seen the Daynès bust explore human prehistory! h finest prehistory museums. It is quite a of the woman of Cap Blanc as part of the unique, and thrilling, experience to stand in Cave Paintings of Lascaux exhibit at the Field These types of opportunities are front of a full size Australopithecine repro- Museum, during a Leakey Foundation trip only available to Leakey Foundation duction and look into its eyes. It truly brings to Chicago. This second bust, just unveiled Fellows, so join today! prehistory to life! by Daynès, will provide Cap Blanc visitors with a stunning reproduction of what this The Annual Fellow’s Dinner & Auction Our time with Ms. Daynès did not end at Magdalenian woman might have looked is April 25, at the Chateau Carolands. her workshop. Once she learned we were like. Membership information is on page 11 or at leakeyfoundation.org

Thank you to our generous sponsors for making the Cleveland programs possible Gordon & Ann Getty Amos and Sam Crowley Alice Corning Dixon Long with Bill and Debby Richards Diana McSherry & Pat Poe Jeanne Newman in memory of George Kirkham, valued Camilla & George Smith Trustee of The Leakey Foundation and a Wells Fargo Bank proud member of the Cleveland community Cole Thomson

Page 9 Reflections on Dmanisi, Being a Leakey Grantee It’s remarkable to see how Dmanisi has benefited from The Leakey Foundation’s support, including 10 research grants with additional work by Reid Ferring, James Macaluso, Philip Rightmire, and Mar- tha Tappen.

It is a magnificent opportunity and an honor to have had the exposure I have had in the course of the past 15 years with The Leakey Foundation. It will be an honor to be associated with the Foundation as it continues helping us learn more about human history. h

by Dr. David Lordkipanidze Director of the Georgian National Museum

t is almost impossible to believe that 15 years have passed since I first became the beneficiary of a Leakey Foundation grant. IMany things have changed and evolved since 1998, except my enormous gratitude for the indispensable support of my research funded by The Leakey Foundation.

The initial Leakey Foundation grant for the Dmanisi site, and my work, provided the lifeline to bring Dmanisi to the forefront, and allowed Dmanisi to take its place on the world stage. Over the years, it has been an incredible privilege to meet dedicated people involved with the day-to-day activities of the Foundation. It has Clockwise from top left: Lordkipanidze at Dmanisi, Photo: National been an amazing experience to witness the incredible synergy be- Museum of Georgia; Holding the well-preserved “Skull 5” found tween the Board of Trustees, the donors, and the Scientific Execu- at Dmanisi, from 1.8 mya. Photo: AFP/Vano Shlamov; Computer reconstruction of the five skulls found at Dmanisi. The most recent tive Committee (once led by the legendary scientist Dr. Francis find is on the right. Credit: Marcia Ponce de León, Christoph Clark Howell.) Zollikofer/U. of Zurich

Philanthropy and fundraising for the pursuit of science are a new frontier for the Republic of Georgia, if not the whole of the former Don’t miss Dr. Lordkipanidze in San Francisco on Soviet Bloc. I have been most impressed and dazzled by the dedi- April 28th! To hear “First Out of Africa” (a previous cation of professionals from a variety of disciplines, so committed Leakey Lecture) visit bit.ly/leakey-dmanisi to advancing research around the world by sharing ever-scarce To learn more about Dmanisi visit dmanisi.ge resources.

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Save the Date! SPRING SPEAKER SERIES ON HUMAN ORIGINS

HOUSTON NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO March 4th April 2nd April 28th Muriel Mauriac, Curator of Lascaux Cave Laurie Santos, Yale University David Lorkipanidze Houston Museum of Natural Science American Museum of Natural History National Museum of Georgia www.hmns.org www.amnh.org California Academy of Sciences In partnership with the Stone Age Institute

May 12th Learn more at leakeyfoundation.org Daniel Lieberman, Harvard University and join the 180,000+ people already California Academy of Sciences following us online! www.calacademy.org