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Agro-Climatic Zones of Rajasthan

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Agro-Climatic Zones of Rajasthan Final Components of RACP GOVERNMENT OF RAJASTHAN Public Disclosure Authorized Department of Agriculture Public Disclosure Authorized Rajasthan Agriculture Competitiveness Project Environment Assessment and Management Framework January 2012 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized i Final ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Environment Assessment (EA) team of the Rajasthan Agriculture Competitiveness Project (RACP) is grateful to Shri D.B. Gupta, Principal Secretary, Agriculture for the guidance provided towards the study. The team is thankful to Shri B.S. Detha, Project Director, RACP for the continued support. The support provided by the World Bank team especially Mr. Severin Kodderitsch, Mr. M Pathy, Ms. Priti Kumar and Mr. Varun Singh; and, World Bank Consultants Mr. S.C. Rajshekhar and Ms. Varsha Mehta, is highly appreciated. The project team was greatly helped by various organizations that provided relevant data and information for the study. Specifically, the support provided by the Department of Agriculture, Water Resource Department, Ground Water Department, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, and the Forest Department was very useful. The support provided by RACP team and other district officers of agriculture department for making necessary arrangements during the field visit, multi-stakeholder and disclosure workshops is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. M.S. Rathore, Centre for Environment and Development Studies (CEDSJ), Jaipur for providing the long and historical database and, contributing significantly in key aspects of the study. In addition, we are thankful to NGOs (for example, Shree Vivekananda Seva Nyas, Mavli, Foundation for Ecological Services, and BAIF) for their valuable contributions from their implementation experience during field visit and workshops. We thank the RACP team and RACP Consultants—Dr. Shanti Lal Mehta, Lead Technical Consultant, Dr. Ashok Chauhan, OSD and Nodal Officer and, Mr. Shashikant Chopde, Dr. Alka Awasthi, Mr. Ladulal Sharma, Mr. Narendra Pratap Singh and Dr. Dalbir Singh, Consultants, RACP for preparing the report. Last, but not least, the study would not have been possible without the kind support and cooperation rendered by the communities, namely the SHGs, Farmers Cooperatives, Agriculture Produce Market Committee, and villagers from Dudu and Banswara clusters. The team owes special thanks to each one of them. ii Final Contents 1 Project Overview ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction: Project description ................................................................................ 1 1.2 Environment Assessment (EA): Objectives and Methodology ................................... 1 2 Environment Baseline ......................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Agro-Climatic features of Rajasthan ........................................................................... 6 2.2 Climate ...................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Land Use Pattern ....................................................................................................... 15 2.4 Forest Cover .............................................................................................................. 19 2.5 Water Resource ......................................................................................................... 21 2.6 Irrigation scenario ..................................................................................................... 24 2.7 Agriculture ................................................................................................................. 26 2.8 Zone-wise Area, Production and Yield of Different Crops in Rajasthan ................... 28 2.9 Livestock .................................................................................................................... 36 2.10 Summary of Environment Assessment & Implications for EMF ................................ 41 3 Policy, legal and regulatory frameworks .......................................................................... 42 3.1 WB Safeguard Operational Policies .......................................................................... 42 3.2 Environmental Policies framed by the GoI and GoR ................................................. 43 3.3 Environmental Acts of GoI and GoR ......................................................................... 47 3.4 Policies and Acts vis-vis RACP interventions ............................................................. 52 4 Assessment of Environmental Impacts of RACP Component .......................................... 61 4.1 Components of RACP ................................................................................................ 61 4.2 RACP Interventions – Assessment of Environmental Impact ................................... 62 4.3 Classification of RACP Interventions based on Environmental Impacts ................... 69 5 Chapter 5: Environmental Management Framework ...................................................... 72 5.1 Rationale and Objectives........................................................................................... 72 5.2 Process of Development of the EMF ......................................................................... 72 5.3 Scope of Application of EMF ..................................................................................... 72 5.4 Strategic Approach of EMF ........................................................................................ 73 5.5 Components of EMF .................................................................................................. 74 5.6 Process of EMP Preparation ...................................................................................... 74 5.7 Mapping EMF Implementation to Project Activity Cycle .......................................... 77 5.8 Institutional Arrangements ....................................................................................... 82 5.9 Environment Audit & Monitoring Framework .......................................................... 84 5.10 Training Plan .............................................................................................................. 88 5.11 Budget........................................................................................................................ 92 ANNEXURES A Annexure I: Field Consultations under RACP-EA 96 Annexure II: List of pesticides banned by Government of India 129 Annexure III: List of pesticides not permissible 132 (WHO classes Ia, Ib and II) iii Final Annexure IV: Integrated Pest Management Plan for Rajasthan 135 Annexure V: Best Practices 147 Annexure VI: Review of relevant projects of Word Bank 153 Annexure VII: OP 4.01 – Environmental Assessment 157 Annexure VIII: OP 4.09 – Pest Management 163 ANNEXURE B Environmental Management Framework Toolkit 165 iv Final List of Tables Table 1-1: RACP Project Components ..................................................................................................... 1 Table 2-1: An Overview of Rajasthan ...................................................................................................... 5 Table 2-2: Agro-Climatic Features of Rajasthan ...................................................................................... 6 Table 2-3: District-wise rainfall ............................................................................................................. 11 Table 2-4: District-wise Maximum & Minimum Temp .......................................................................... 12 Table 2-5: Status of Land degradation in Rajasthan ............................................................................. 19 Table 2-6: Zone-wise status of forest cover .......................................................................................... 20 Table 2-7 : Basin-wise availability of surface water ............................................................................. 22 Table 2-8: Basin wise status of Groundwater Resource ....................................................................... 22 Table 2-9: Agro-climatic zone wise Sources of irrigation ...................................................................... 24 Table 2-10: Fertility status and problematic soils in the project districts............................................. 26 Table 2-11: Agro-climatic zone wise consumption of fertilizer ............................................................ 27 Table 2-12: Area, Production and Productivity of different Crops ....................................................... 35 Table 2-13: Grazing pressure in Rajasthan ........................................................................................... 38 Table 2-14: Fodder demand and supply in the state of Rajasthan ....................................................... 40 Table 3-1: WB Safeguard Operation Policies ........................................................................................ 42 Table 3-2: Policies of GoI and GoR ........................................................................................................ 43 Table 3-3: Environmental Acts of GoI and GoR .................................................................................... 47 Table 3-4: Policies and Acts vis-à-vis RACP interventions ....................................................................
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