DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Jaguar Conservation in Venezuela Against the Backdrop Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Jaguar Conservation in Venezuela Against the Backdrop Of Interciencia ISSN: 0378-1844 [email protected] Asociación Interciencia Venezuela Jedrzejewski, Wlodzimierz; Abarca, María; Viloria, Ángel; Cerda, Hugo; Lew, Daniel; Takiff, Howard; Abadía, Edgar; Velozo, Pablo; Schmidt, Krzysztof Jaguar conservation in Venezuela against the backdrop of current knowledge on its biology and evolution Interciencia, vol. 36, núm. 12, diciembre, 2011, pp. 954-956 Asociación Interciencia Caracas, Venezuela Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33921507014 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative JAGUar coNservatION IN VENEZUela AGAINst the Backdrop OF CUrreNT KNowledGE ON Its BIoloGY AND evolUTION WlodZIMIerZ JedrZejewskI, MarÍA ABarca, ÁNGel VIlorIA, HUGO Cerda, DANIel Lew, Howard TakIFF, ÉDGar ABadÍa, PABLO VeloZO and KRZysZTOF SchmIdt SUMMARY Current knowledge is reviewed on the jaguar Panthera onca makes it a notorious livestock predator. Conflicts caused by jag- evolution, morphological, genetic and ecological variation, as uar predation on cattle are the main reason for killing them, al- a background for understanding conservation problems. Based though they are also hunted for skins, despite legal protection. on published sources and own data, the current situation of the Another threat is deforestation. Jaguar population in Venezuela jaguar in Venezuela is analyzed. Body size of today’s jaguars has decreased substantially during the last 30-40 years, and is is highly variable; the largest are found in the Brazilian Panta- currently variable: in northern Venezuela isolated and declining nal and Venezuelan Llanos (mean male body mass >100kg). The small populations survive; south of the Orinoco, a vast popula- smallest jaguars live in Central America (~56kg). Skin color- tion exists; in Los Llanos it was nearly eliminated ~40 years ago, ation pattern is highly variable and may have a geographic cor- but seems to have returned and re-colonized former territories. relation. The morphological variation correlates with its genetic The most important measure for conservation of jaguars in Vene- variability, which in turn may reflect diversity of adaptations zuela is to create more protected areas, to develop ecological to different habitats and prey communities. Its diet is extreme- corridors to protect connectivity and halt deforestation of critical ly diversified. The territorial size and density of jaguars varies regions. Hunting and killing could decrease through educational amongst localities, probably reflecting variation in prey density programs, involving local communities, compensations for losses and degree of human disturbance. Adaptation to kill large prey from jaguar predation and incentivizing ecotourism. Summary of Current Knowledge on Jaguar Biology and Evolution France, Germany, Netherlands, Great Britain, Caucasus, lower Urals, and in Evolution, morphological variation, genetics, and taxonomy of the jaguar Tajikistan (Sotnikova and Vislobokova, 1990; Koufos, 1992; Spassov, 1997; Turner and Anton, 1997; Kahlke, 2000; he jaguar Panthera Hemmer et al., 2001, 2010). Fossils of Hemmer et al., 2001, 2010; Barysh- onca evolved in Europe the European jaguar P. onca gom- nikov, 2002, 2011; Palombo and Valli, or Asia during the late Pliocene/early baszoegensis have been recorded from 2003-2004; O’Regan and Turner, 2004; Pleistocene period, at least 1.8-2.0 mil- several localities of Eurasia, including Foronova, 2005; Van Den Hoek Ostende lion years ago (Kurten, 1965, 1973; Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, Hungary, Spain, and De Vos, 2006; Petronio et al., KEYWORDS / Conservation / Current Distribution / Jaguar / Panthera onca / Venezuela / Received: 11/01/2011. Modified: 12/14/2011. Accepted: 12/21/2011. Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski. Prof. Dr. hab. in Forestry, Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland. Reseacher, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Venezuela, and Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 17-230 Bialowieza, Poland. e-mail: [email protected] María Abarca. B.Sc. in Biology, Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela. M.Sc. and Ph.D. student in Ecology, IVIC, Venezuela. Ángel Viloria. Ph.D. in Biology, London University, UK. Researcher, IVIC, Venezuela. Hugo Cerda. Ph.D. in Biology, London University, UK. Professor, Universidad Simón Rodríguez, Venezuela. Daniel Lew. M.Sc. in Biodiversity, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Chief, Unit of Biodiversity, IVIC, Venezuela. Howard Takiff. M.D., New York University, EEUU, Researcher, IVIC, Venezuela. Édgar Abadía. Dr. in Microbiology, IVIC, Venezuela. Researcher, IVIC, Venezuela. Pablo Velozo. B.Sc. in Biology, La Universidad del Zulia, Venezuela. Professional Research Associate, IVIC, Venezuela. Krzysztof Schmidt. Ph.D. hab. in Biology, Warszaw University Deputy Director, Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bialowieza, Poland. 954 0378-1844/11/12/954-13 $ 3.00/0 DEC 2011, VOL. 36 Nº 12 2011). Based on the oldest jaguar fossils 1) Panthera onca hernandesii (Western and Valli, 2003-2004; Kahlke et al., from North America, it colonized this Mexico) + P. o. centralis (Central 2011; Petronio et al., 2011). It is diffi- continent via the Bering Strait during America -El Salvador to Colombia) + P. cult to establish which of these herbi- the middle Pleistocene, ~850,000 years o. arizonensis (Southern Arizona to So- vores were the jaguar’s main prey, but ago (Simpson, 1941; Kurtén and Ander- nora, Mexico) + P. o. veraecrucis (Cen- the adaptations of ancient and living son, 1980; Seymour, 1989, 1993; Turner tral Texas to Southeastern Mexico) + P. jaguars to kill large prey are obvious. and Anton, 1997; Arroyo-Cabrales, o. goldmani (Yucatán Peninsula to Be- In South America, after colonizing this 2002). Very soon, also in the middle lize and Guatemala); continent in the middle Pleistocene up Pleistocene, it passed from North to until ~10,000 years ago, jaguars coex- 2) P. onca onca (Venezuela through the South America through the Panama isted with the local large herbivorous Amazon) + P. o. peruviana (Coastal (Darien) Isthmus (Webb, 1985, 2006; community composed of giant ground Peru); and Marshall and Sempere, 1991; Arroyo- sloth Megatherium, forest elephants Cu- Cabrales, 2002). Rincón and Prevosti 3) P. onca palustris (Pantanal regions of vieronius, mastodonts Stegomastodon, (2011) suggested that current dating Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sur, camel-like Macrauchenia, huge arma- may result from sampling bias, as there Brazil) + P. o. paraguensis (along the dillos Glyptodon, wild horses Hippidi- have been relatively few paleontological Paraguay River into Paraguay and north- on, and Toxodons, animals similar to studies in northern South America. eastern Argentina). hippopotamus or rhinos (Lessa and Fa- They hypothesized that in general the Additionally, five ex- rina, 1996; Turner and Anton, 1997; Al- big cats came in a wave to South tinct subspecies have been proposed roy, 2001; Cione et al., 2003; Soibelzon America much earlier, as the Isthmus of (Cabrera, 1934; Simpson, 1941; Hoff- et al., 2008). Due to the extinction of Panama was already functional in Late stetter, 1952; Seymour, 1993; Hemmer South American mega-fauna 10,000- Pliocene, at least 2.7 million years ago 2001, 2010): P. o. mesembrina (Pleisto- 12,000 years ago, possibly because of (Webb, 2006; Rincón and Prevosti, cene South American jaguar), P. o. au- climate change and also human hunting 2011). However, most of jaguar fossils gusta (Pleistocene North American (Alroy, 2001), today jaguars are left from South America are dated from jaguar), P. o. gombaszoegensis (Pleis- with communities of much smaller prey. middle or late Pleistocene (Marshall tocene Euroasian jaguar), P. o. georgi- The body size of jag- and Sempere, 1991; Arroyo-Cabrales, ca (early Pleistocene European-Cauca- uars is highly variable, both at the con- 2002; Prevosti and Vizcaíno, 2006; sian jaguar, 1.8 mya), and P. o. tos- tinental and local levels, and there is Tonni et al., 2009; Ghilardi et al., cana (most archaic, early Pleistocene sexual dimorphism in body size, fe- 2011). Repeated advances of ice sheets European jaguar). males being 10-20% smaller than males. during glaciations caused the extinction The jaguar skull is ro- Females from western Brazil and from of jaguars in Europe, Asia, and North bust and massive but relatively short, Central America are the smallest, while America ~400,000 years ago. When the with wide zygomatic arches. The sagit- jaguars from Paraguay and Pantanal are climate warmed up during the Holocene tal crest is well developed to support believed to be the largest (Seymour, period, Central and North America the powerful head muscles. Condylobas- 1989; Hoogesteijn and Mondolfi, 1996). were recolonized by jaguars (Turner al length is usually 190-260mm, but in Hoogesteijn and Mondolfi (1996) ana- and Anton, 1997). The current geo- some may be longer than 275mm (Sey- lyzed body mass and skull measures of graphic range of the species covers mour, 1989; Hoogesteijn and Mondolfi, several jaguars from the Venezuelan from Mexico to northern Argentina 1996). Powerful jaws, with very long Llanos, the Brazilian Pantanal, the Am- (Sanderson et al., 2002a). and massive canines, endow it the azon basin and Central America. The Morphological studies strongest
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pantanal - Birds and Jaguars 9 Day/ 8 Night Tour
    PANTANAL - BIRDS AND JAGUARS 9 DAY/ 8 NIGHT TOUR OVERVIEW The Pantanal is a natural region encompassing the world's largest tropical wetland area. It is located mostly within the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul, but it extends into Mato Grosso and portions of Bolivia and Paraguay. The name "Pantanal" comes from the Portuguese word pântano, meaning wetland, bog, swamp, quagmire or marsh. The Pantanal offers any birder or wildlife enthusiast the perfect combination of great birding and mammal spotting opportunities! The habitat is “birder friendly” as it’s relatively open which makes birding easier and more relaxing. It is one of the best places in the world to see the endangered and stunning Hyacinth Macaw, hundreds of Jabirus, Maguari Storks, Wood Storks, Herons and Ibises and literally thousands of Caimans. This, together with excellent chances of seeing Jaguar, fantastic photographic opportunities and spectacular scenery makes a birding trip to the Pantanal a must! We will spend seven days within the world’s largest freshwater wetland that covers approximately 195000 km². During this time we shall travel all the way to the end of the famous Transpantaneira dirt road (145km), well known for its amazing birds and wildlife. Once at the end of the Transpantaneira road we will spend the last three days based at the Hotel Porto Jofre where we will take daily boat trips looking for various species of birds and our main mammal target, South Americas largest cat…. the mighty Jaguar! We then move onto the 80 000 acre Chapada dos Guimaraes National Park for a further two nights; this Cerrado habitat (seasonally dry woodland and scrub) will provide us with a change of habitat, more stunning scenery and further opportunities for a whole host of new bird species.
    [Show full text]
  • ENVIRONMENT POLICIES EVOLUTION Part 6 1988 Chico Mendes Brasil
    Environmental Policies – Part 6 ENVIRONMENT POLICIES EVOLUTION Part 6 António Gonçalves Henriques 1 1988 Chico Mendes Brasil • Sometimes called "The Ghandi of the Amazon" Chico Mendes was a rubber tapper who lived and worked in Brazil's Amazon region. Largest river basin in the world Area of river basin: 6 300 000 km2 Area of rainforest: 5 500 000 km2 2 António Gonçalves Henriques 2020-10-22 1 Environmental Policies – Part 6 Amazonia Area of river basin: 6 300 000 km2 Area of rainforest: 5 500 000 km2 Brazil: 58.4% Peru: 12.8%, Bolivia: 7.7%, Colombia: 7.1%, Venezuela: 6.1%, Guyana: 3.1%, Suriname: 2.5%, French Guyana: 1.4%, Ecuador with 1%. 3 Amazonia Amazon basin forest north of Manaus 4 António Gonçalves Henriques 2020-10-22 2 Environmental Policies – Part 6 Amazonia Members of an uncontacted tribe encountered in the Brazilian state of Acre in 2009 5 Amazonia Members of an uncontacted tribe encountered in the Brazilian state of Acre in 2009 6 António Gonçalves Henriques 2020-10-22 3 Environmental Policies – Part 6 Amazonia Glaucous macaw Ka’apor capuchin Amazon river dolphin Jocotoco antpitta (Anodorhynchus glaucus) (Cebus kaapori) (Inia geoffrensis) (Grallaria ridgelyi) Bald Uakari South American Jaguar Black caiman (Cacajao calvus) (Panthera Onca) (Melanosuchus niger) Some rare or endangered species of fauna in Amazonia 7 Deforestation of Amazonia Wildfires in Brazil's indigenous territory, 2017 8 António Gonçalves Henriques 2020-10-22 4 Environmental Policies – Part 6 Deforestation of Amazonia Deforestation in the state of Maranhão 9 Deforestation of Amazonia Fires and deforestation in the state of Rondônia 10 António Gonçalves Henriques 2020-10-22 5 Environmental Policies – Part 6 Deforestation of Amazonia Impact of deforestation on natural habitat of trees 11 1988 Chico Mendes Brasil • To save the rainforest, Chico Mendes and the rubber workers union asked the government to set up reserves as they wanted people to use the forest without damaging it.
    [Show full text]
  • Return of Private Foundation
    l efile GRAPHIC p rint - DO NOT PROCESS As Filed Data - DLN: 93491183006074 Return of Private Foundation OMB No 1545-0052 Form 990 -PF or Section 4947(a)(1) Trust Treated as Private Foundation Do not enter Social Security numbers on this form as it may be made public . By law, the 2013 Department of the Treasury IRS cannot redact the information on the form. Internal Revenue Service 0- Information about Form 990-PF and its instructions is at www.irs.gov/form990pf . For calendar year 2013 , or tax year beginning 01-01-2013 , and ending 12-31-2013 Name of foundation A Employer identification number THE LIZ CLAIBORNE & ART ORTENBERG FOUNDATION C/O MGI REPETTI LLP 13-3200329 Number and street (or P 0 box number if mail is not delivered to street address) Room/suite U ieiepnone number (see instructions) 500 FIFTH AVENUE 5TH FL (212) 302-3300 City or town, state or province, country, and ZIP or foreign postal code C If exemption application is pending, check here F NEW YORK, NY 10110 G Check all that apply r'Initial return r'Initial return of a former public charity D 1. Foreign organizations, check here F r-Final return r'Amended return 2. Foreign organizations meeting the 85% test, r Address change r'Name change check here and attach computation E If private foundation status was terminated H Check type of organization Section 501(c)(3) exempt private foundation und er section 507 ( b )( 1 )( A ), c hec k here F_ Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust r'Other taxable private foundation I Fair market value of all assets at end J Accounting method F Cash F Accrual F If the foundation is in a 60-month termination of year (from Part II, col.
    [Show full text]
  • ED542740.Pdf
    .1-: : -.--'-- _---7.r--,,___ - --- i: ----:----- --- '11' r --- J er- - :0 " " 4 . a *Tie; Air.?' 141. e re' u e/24'14 ' 7,4 4. 414 . / 17 . :L;__ - uu.91,"9r Il 11111141 IÌli ÌI 4.I " I mued g '1 1 ' "I .111inib al 'IT11111111111 Willa, I , II I , (P1,1111111.11 ,rgu C 4,, LLId : "r ;411irs'' í iülilJ iìlJì lì L 4it, , 111 Ir 0 r--7001 r tig ol Or IÌLi 14 it t'a,5 JIjn Ipitt " ... 11111 O Ilk gliPAI 0.0 1 1 Ill,1,11 111191,1..4 Men.24 e, a For The sale a United by Federal the Office LIBRARY States of Bulletin Security 9i the G. Superintendent - of SERVICE V), Government U. No. Documents, S. el Coordinator 5 111 1 of DIVISION, OFF1 o Washington, id Printing"Office D. CE C. OF - EDU Inter-American Washington Price cooperation - f Um 111 MN., emits 1942 -MON with 111111EMMENHimmonoinummonimmemomommommimmlionimhimommmumeimmommummommimmmomb.,... - ! UR NEIGHBORFt Ey' ; .4* a O 4 -"'"ft W Wr- A ctee of READABLEBOG for YOUNG 1 9 e Prepared by MEN NORA E. 'BEUST Assisted by N-7 01 Eimile Sandsten Lassalle I. V and Jean Gardiner Smith NTET Page DAMIv al) V "-N I ParttI. RAC 7 lak NDS I A. General B. IndividualCoun- . tries .. H. Part IN_Vil'HE II 1111111111111i Wiliam 11 19 II .11 IIiIII I Idr '. MI PartM. CHEOLOGYI .41. Ts, CRAFTS, 1101111M IF 11 [11111 1 if .1 moo i USIC,AND ihmirVre-t -a "2-1N rt 4 18 k Part . STORI AN LEGENI)S 23 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Shan Shui Conservation Center Annual Report 2014
    SHAN SHUI Conservation Center Address: Peking University Conservation Biology Building, 5 Yiheyuan Lu, Haidian Qu, Beijing, 100971, China Tel: +86 1062761034 Fax: +86 1062761035 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.shanshui.org/ Weibo: http://weibo.com/shanshuibaohu Blog: http://blog.sina.com.cn/shanshuibaohu WeChat: SSbaohu SHAN SHUI Conservation Center 2014 Annual Report The cover background illustration is Nicholas Roerich’s work Courtesy of Lei Bo and Peng Jiansheng from IBE This print uses eco-friendly paper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Who We Are /1 Sanjiangyuan: The Nature Guardians Program /4 Community-based Conservation in Sanjiangyuan /7 Snow Leopard Research and Conservation /8 Conservation Story: One Year with Mother Snow Leopard /9 Sanjiangyuan New Hope Forum /15 Southwestern Mountainous Areas: A New Harmony with Nature /16 Community-based Conservation in the SMAs /19 Conservation Story: Two Bears Showed Up! /20 Bee-PANDA Honey: Conservation in a Jar /22 Forest and Climate Change /23 Conservation Story: Return to Yele /24 Our Land-Trust Conservation Station /25 Forest for Water (FW) /26 The Lancang River: The Lancang Institute / 28 The Lancang River Conservation Fund / 31 Conservation Story: Saving Mt. Aka / 34 The Lancang River Source Tracing and Surveys /38 The Rapid Assessment Program (RAP) in Sanjiangyuan /39 Nature Watch: A Biodiversity Information Platform /40 China Nature Watch 2014 /42 The Nature School /44 Nature Watch Website /46 More About Us /48 Acknowledgments / 50 Who We Are Shan Shui Conservation Center (hereinafter referred to as “Shan Shui”) is a Chinese non- governmental organization dedicated to conservation practices rooted in Chinese society and culture.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms International 300 N
    INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the Film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
    [Show full text]
  • Human-Carnivore Conflict in Sodo Community Managed Conservation Forest, Wolaita Sodo Zuriya District, Southern Ethiopia
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE): E-Journals Advances in Life Science and Technology www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-7181 (Paper) ISSN 2225-062X (Online) Vol.44, 2016 Conservation Challenge: Human-Carnivore Conflict in Sodo Community Managed Conservation Forest, Wolaita Sodo Zuriya District, Southern Ethiopia Yigrem Kebede 1* Wondimagegnehu Tekalign 1 Hailu Menale 2 1.Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, P. O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia 2.Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, P. O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia Abstract Close proximity between humans and large predators results in high levels of conflict. The aim of this study was investigating the extent and factors leading to human carnivore conflict through key informant interview, focus group discussions, questionnaires and field observation in all villages around sodo community managed forest, Southern Ethiopia. Totally, 310 household samples were identified for questionnaire in eight purposefully selected villages. Livestock losses from 2005 to 2007 (n = 745) were reported to be mainly caused by spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta (174 animals), leopard (151 animals), baboon Papio anubis (79 animals), African wild dog canis aureus (42 animals) and caracal felis caracal (65 animals). These predators mainly predated sheep (34 %) and goats (20 %) and cattle (25%) and donkey (4 %). Spotted hyena being the main predators of sheep (25.69 %) and goat (14.62 %). Both anubis baboon and African wild dog were majorly depredate sheep (10.67 %).
    [Show full text]
  • Mcgraw-Hill's GMAT, 2011 Edition
    d McGraw-Hill’s GMATGRADUATE MANAGEMENT ADMISSION TEST 2011 Edition James Hasik Stacey Rudnick Ryan Hackney New York | Chicago | San Francisco | Lisbon London | Madrid | Mexico City | Milan | New Delhi San Juan | Seoul | Singapore | Sydney | Toronto Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-174030-2 MHID: 0-07-174030-9 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-174029-6, MHID: 0-07-174029-5. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefi t of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a resentative please e-mail us at [email protected]. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that neither the authors nor the publisher are engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Activities Report to the Environment Agency - Abu Dhabi for the Support to the IUCN Species Survival Commission Chair’S Office
    2019 Activities Report to the Environment Agency - Abu Dhabi for the Support to the IUCN Species Survival Commission Chair’s Office 2019 Activities Report to the Environment Agency - Abu Dhabi for the Support to the IUCN Species Survival Commission Chair’s Office Copyright: © 2020 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Submitted by Jon Paul Rodríguez, Ph.D. Chair IUCN Species Survival Commission. Citation: IUCN SSC (2020). 2019 Activities Report to the Environment Agency - Abu Dhabi for the Support to the IUCN Species Survival Commission Chair’s Office. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. 58 pp. Cover photo: © Kira Mileham Insets © Kira Mileham (page 4). © David Southall (page 7). © Krzysztof Niewolny /Unsplash (page 14). © Rachel Smith (page 55). © Kira Mileham (back cover) Table of contents Introduction 6 Chair’s Office 8 Specialist Groups 15 The Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group (SULi) 15 Red List Training and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 17 The SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) 25 Key Biodiversity Areas Programme 26 Species Conservation Planning 29 Climate Change Specialist Group (CCSG) 31 Addressing Major Conservation Crises 33 Measuring Conservation Success 35 Strategic Investments in the SSC Network 36 Interventions 56 Concluding Remarks 58 Introduction In 2008, the leadership of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) met in Abu Dhabi for the first of a series of meetings which transformed species conservation across IUCN. Roughly every four years since we continued to meet there under the generous auspices of Environmental Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD). The second meeting was in February 2012, the third in September 2015, and the fourth in Oc- tober 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • To Track Or to Call: Comparing Methods for Estimating Population Abundance of African Lions Panthera Leo in Kafue National Park
    To track or to call: comparing methods for estimating population abundance of African lions Panthera leo in Kafue National Park Neil Midlane, M. Justin O’Riain, Guy A. Balme & Luke T. B. Hunter Biodiversity and Conservation ISSN 0960-3115 Biodivers Conserv DOI 10.1007/s10531-015-0858-z 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Biodivers Conserv DOI 10.1007/s10531-015-0858-z ORIGINAL PAPER To track or to call: comparing methods for estimating population abundance of African lions Panthera leo in Kafue National Park Neil Midlane • M. Justin O’Riain • Guy A. Balme • Luke T. B. Hunter Received: 25 May 2014 / Revised: 30 December 2014 / Accepted: 4 January 2015 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Abstract The wide-ranging behaviour of large carnivores and low densities at which they occur make direct population surveys of these species expensive and time consuming, and consequently indirect methods are widely used.
    [Show full text]
  • THE IMPORTANCE of the JAGUAR and the CAYMAN in SOUTH AMERICAN ICONOGRAPHY, RELIGION, COSMOLOGY Paul Musilli Colgate University O
    THE IMPORTANCE OF THE JAGUAR AND THE CAYMAN IN SOUTH AMERICAN ICONOGRAPHY, RELIGION, COSMOLOGY Paul Musilli Colgate University Once upon a time, there were two brothers. One made himself a hide-out at the top of an Azywaywa tree, the flowers of which the macaws used to come and eat. He had already killed a great many birds, when two jaguars appeared on the scene carrying gourds which they filled with nectar pressed from the blossoms on the tree. For several days running, the hunter watched the animals without daring to kill them, but in spite of his advice, his brother was less prudent. He shot at the jaguars without suspecting that they were invulnerable. The animals raised a storm, which shook the· tree, bringing down both the hide-out and its occupant, who was killed instantly. They carried off the corpse to the underworld, the entrance of which was as small as an anthole, and they placed it on a wooden cross standing in bright sunshine. The hero, after being changed into an ant, came to the jaguar's hut, where vessels full of honey were hanging. He learned the ritual songs, and every evening he resumed his human form and danced with the jaguars; in the day time he became an ant again. When he returned to his village, he told his companions of all he had seen (Levi-Straus, 1973:34). The above myth as told by the Tembe Indians of South America is typical of myths explaining the origin of a natural substance; in this case it is honey.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Annual Report Panthera’S Mission Is to Ensure a Future for Wild Cats and the Vast Landscapes on Which They Depend
    Panthera 2019 Annual Report Panthera’s mission is to ensure a future for wild cats and the vast landscapes on which they depend. Panthera Our vision is a world where wild cats thrive in healthy, natural and developed landscapes that sustain people and biodiversity. Contents 04 08 12 14 Nature Bats Last Cores and Conservation Program by Thomas S. Kaplan, Ph.D. Corridors in a Global Highlights Community 34 36 38 40 CLOUDIE ON CAMERA The Arabian A Corridor Searching for Conservation “I am particularly fond of this photograph of a clouded leopard Leopard to the World New Frontiers Science and because of the high likelihood that I wouldn’t capture it. After a leech and mosquito-filled five-day jungle trek, the biologists Initiatives Technology and I arrived at a ranger station at the top of the mountain in Highlights Malaysian Borneo, close to where this camera trap was located. I checked it but saw the battery was on its last leg. I decided to take the grueling full day’s hike back and forth to pick up a fresh battery. When I checked it the following afternoon, this young adult had come through just hours before. The physical 43 44 46 49 exhaustion was totally worth getting this amazing photograph.” 2019 Financial Board, Staff and Conservation After the Fires - Sebastian Kennerknecht, Panthera Partner Photographer Summary Science Council Council by Esteban Payán, Ph.D. 2 — 2019 ANNUAL REPORT A leopard in the Okavango Delta, Botswana Nature Bats Last The power of nature is an awesome thing to contemplate. the Jaguar Corridor.
    [Show full text]