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Competitive Solar Heating Systems for Residential Buildings (REBUS Competitive Solar Heating Systems for Residential Buildings (REBUS) December 2006 Simon Furbo, Alexander Thür, Chris Bales, Frank Fiedler, John Rekstad, Michaela Meir, Dagnija Blumberga, Claudio Rochas, Torben Schifter-Holm, Klaus Lorenz i Project group Denmark: BYG.DTU, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Simon Furbo Alexander Thür Elsa Andersen METRO THERM A/S Kurt Rasmussen Dan Kristoffersen Torben Schifter-Holm VELUX A/S Steffen Henneberg Bay Ellehauge & Kildemoes Klaus Ellehauge AllSun A/S Frank Hansen Sweden: SERC Chris Bales Frank Fiedler Lund Institute of Technology Björn Karlsson Helena Gajbert SOLENTEK Klaus Lorenz Norway: Universitetet i Oslo John Rekstad Michaela Meir SOLARNOR John Rekstad Latvia: Riga Technical University Dagnija Blumberga Claudio Rochas Steering Committee: Simon Furbo Chris Bales John Rekstad Dagnija Blumberga ii Title: Competitive Solar heating Systems for Residential Buildings Author(s): Simon Furbo, Alexander Thür, Chris Bales, Frank Fiedler, John Rekstad, Michaela Meir, Björn Karlsson, Dagnija Blumberga, Claudio Rochas, Torben Schifter- Holm, Klaus Lorenz Institution(s): Technical University of Denmark, SERC, University of Oslo, Lund Institute of Technology, Riga Technical University, METRO THERM A/S, SOLARNOR, Solentek Abstract: Research on solar combisystems for the Nordic and Baltic countries have been carried out. The aim was to develop competitive solar combisystems which are attractive to buyers and to educate experts in the solar heating field. The participants of the projects were the universities: Technical University of Denmark, Dalarna University, University of Oslo, Riga Technical University and Lund Institute of Technology, as well as the companies: Metro Therm A/S (Denmark), Velux A/S (Denmark), Solentek AB (Sweden), SolarNor (Norway) and SIA Grandeg (Latvia). The project included education, research, development and demonstration. The activities started in 2003 and were finished by the end of 2006. A number of Ph.D. studies in Denmark, Sweden and Latvia, and a post-doc. study in Norway were carried out. Close cooperation between the researchers and the industry partners ensured that the results of the projects can be utilized. The industry partners will soon be able to bring the developed systems into the market. In Denmark and Norway the research and development focused on solar heating/natural gas systems, and in Sweden and Latvia the focus was on solar heating/pellet systems. Additionally, Lund Institute of Technology and University of Oslo studied solar collectors of various types being integrated into the building. Topic/Focus Area: Solar heating Language: English, Pages: 128 Key words: Solar combisystems, Nordic cooperation, education, research, development, demonstration Distributed by: Nordic Energy Research Stensberggata 25 NO-0170 Oslo Norway Contact person: Simon Furbo, project manager Department of Civil Engineering, Technical Univerrsity of Denmark Brovej, Building 118 Dk-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Email: [email protected] Tel. +45 45 25 18 57 www.byg.dtu.dk iii Executive Summary Main objectives The project had two major aims: A R&D part with the aim to develop solar heating systems that can compete with conventional energy sources on a commercial basis and an educational part with the aim to transfer the accumulated experiences on design, construction and implementation to students and actors in the field. The R&D part of the project addressed the following elements: • Integration of active solar heating elements in buildings • Utilization of new materials • Low temperature heating systems • Optimal control strategies and heat storage technologies • Optimal interplay between solar and auxiliary energy sources Within the project new concepts of solar heating systems were developed in a close cooperation between the universities and the industry partners. Both solar heating/natural gas heating systems as well as solar heating/pellet heating systems were developed. Prototypes of the systems were tested in laboratory, and demonstration systems were built in practice. The thermal performance and the energy savings achieved by these systems will, if needed, form the basis for further development of the concepts. The industry partners will be able to use the measurements as documentation for energy savings and thermal performance of the systems in their efforts to bring the systems on the market. It is expected that this will happen soon. Therefore the objectives related to the research and development part of the project have been met. The educational part addressed networking in the solar heating field in the Nordic and Baltic countries and teaching programs on solar heating, both for university students, and for the solar heating branch. Among other things, three Ph.D. courses were organized with 38 participating students and 7 solar heating seminars with more than 400 participants were organized in Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Latvia. Further, three Ph.D. studies and one post-doc. study financed by the project have been/will soon be finished successfully. The Ph.D. students had during the project study stays at one or more of the other participating universities. Teachers from the participating universities have lectured in SERC’s solar energy masters programme, and students on this programme have made their masters projects at these universities. Furthermore, the project provided capacity for implementation of solar heating systems in the participating countries. Consequently, the objectives related to the educational part of the project have been met. Method/implementation The project was carried out by means of three Ph.D. studies at Technical University of Denmark, at SERC, at Riga Technical University and one post-doc. study at University of Oslo. These studies were financed by the project. Further, a number of Ph.D. projects at Technical University of Denmark, University of Oslo, SERC and Lund Institute of Technology financed by other sources contributed to the excellent network. The researchers of the project had a close cooperation with the industry partners of the project: METRO THERM A/S, VELUX A/S, Ellehauge & Kildemoes, AllSun A/S, Solentek and SOLARNOR. In this way it was secured that the results of the project can be utilized by the industry partners by the end of the project. Both a theoretical and experimental approach were used by the researchers. iv Concrete results and conclusions The project has resulted in an excellent cooperation between the universities active in the solar heating field in the Nordic and Baltic countries, both with regard to educational and research activities. Further, the project has resulted in an excellent cooperation between universities and main industry partners in the solar heating field. It is believed that the cooperation will be continued in the future. Further, the project has resulted in a number of well educated skilled experts in the solar heating field. These experts will hopefully work in the solar heating field in many years to come to the benefit of solar heating society. New improved solar heating system concepts have been developed in the project. The thermal performances as well as the energy savings for these improved concepts have been measured in practice. It is expected that these new solar heating systems soon will be brought onto the market by the industry partners and that the documentation of the thermal performance and the energy savings of the systems in practice will be extremely important for the industry in their efforts to promote the solar heating systems. Recommendations Worldwide solar energy utilization by means of solar heating systems is one of the most important ways to utilize renewable energy sources today. The solar heating market worldwide is growing by about 30% per year. In Europe the market from 2005 to 2006 had a growth of 50%. It is expected that the market growth will continue. If the Nordic solar heating industry should benefit from the large European solar heating market, it is required that they can offer high quality products. Development of such products must be based on detailed research. Unfortunately the Nordic solar heating industry is relatively weak compared to the solar heating industry in Central Europe. Today it is therefore not possible for the Nordic industry alone to finance the research and development needed to develop competitive solar heating systems for the future. It is therefore strongly recommended that national and Nordic research programs in the future will support solar heating research and education in the solar heating field at the Nordic and Baltic universities. v Contents: 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................1 2 Research project: Competitive solar heating systems for residential buildings........................2 3 Education activities .........................................................................................................2 4 Research activities ..........................................................................................................3 5. Development of solar heating systems..............................................................................4 6. Demonstration systems ..................................................................................................4 7. Future work and reports .................................................................................................4 8. Conclusions...................................................................................................................5
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