The Palaeobotanist, 28-29: 15-19, 1981.

DEVONIAN PLANTS FROM (BADA]OZ),

C. ALVAREZ RAMTS

Laboratorio de Paleobotanica, FacuItad de C. Geol6gicas, Universidad Complutense, , Spain

ABSTRACT

The palaeoflora of a new bed of the Devonian in Spain is described here for the first time. The flora is very abundant and, although fragmentary and in a defective state of fossilization, allows a very acceptable morphological-systematic determination. Of the twentyone species reported here and all of them, except Psilophyton, for the first time in Spain.

Key-words - Psilophytales, Plant fossils, Devonian, Spain.

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INTRODUCTION 25 m, and inbedded in a much thicker agre• gate (larger than 500 m) which b3gins with conglomerates and ends with pelites and THEsuppliedspecimensby Mr reportedP. Herraz*, herewho werehad marine limestones. Within this series there collected them on the occasion of are six fossiliferous levels constituted exclu• his studies in the region of Horng,chos sively by plants, a5 floated in the graywackes, (). This paper should be considered which contain elements of igneous sedimen• only a, a progress report of a more complete tary origin. work to be published later on in collabora• tion and which will include both geological aspects and a complete description of the TAPHOFLORA flora from the six fossiliferous levels.

MORPHOLOGICAL CLASS! FICA nON LOCATION AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE BED Sporogonites sp. (A) Sporogonites sp. (B) The bed, discovered by P. Herraz, is Zoosterophy//um aff. austra/ianum Lang. & located in the south-west of the Hesperian Cook. 'Massif, in western Sierra Morena, an area Psi/ophyton sp. cut by big Pre- and Post-Carboniferous Thursophyton sp. fractures in direction north-west to south• east. Psi/ophytites sp. Hostimel/a ~p. The bed is located about three km south• Dawsonites sp. (A) east of Sierra de Hornachos, and it is made Dawsonites sp. (B) up of rhythmic series of graywakes and Ginkgophytopsis sp. mudstones, with a visible thickness of about Drepanophycus sp. *Instituto de GeologIa Econ6mica, C.S.I.C. Archaeosigi//aria cf. vanuxemi (Goeppert) Madrid. Kidston 16 THE PALAEOBOTANIST

MAP 1

Fragment of leaf of Lycophyta sp.) and finally the groups of Filicophytes Cyclostigma sp. and Prespermaphytes (Rhacophyton mirabilis, Anisopteris cf. circularis Walt. ? Archaeopteris roemeriana, Archaeopteris sp. ? Archaeocalamites sp. and cf. Neurocardiopteris broilii ?). Rhacophyton mirabilis (Nath.) Leclerk Only plant elements were collected in Rhacophyton sp. ? the palaeo biocenosis. It is observed that Archaeopteris roemeriana Goepp. the fossil plants are constituted by a very Archaeopteris sp. ? dense mixture of floated fragmented plants. cf. Neurocardiopteris broilii Lutz? The 21 forms given here correspond to Most of the specimens collected in the Devonian levels. Hornachos bed belong to Psilophite Flora, Ginkgophytopsis sp. is very similar, both represented by axial fragments (Psilophyton morphologically and also in size with the sp., Thursophyton sp., Hostimella sp. and species found in Sullivan Country (New Psilophytites sp.) and by sporangia and York State), which belongs to the lower capsular bodies (Zoosterophyllum aff. austra• part of the Upper Devonian. lianum, several types of Sporogonites sp. and The flora of the Upper Devonian are of Dawsonites sp.). The number of these characterized by a progressive enrichment specimens is really big and it stands out in species genuine of the Carboniferous in quantity and variety over other groups, (Lycopodiales, Equisetales, arborescent ferns, which are represented by Licophites (Dre• Pteridospermales, etc.) which constitute the panophycus sp., Archaeosigillaria cf. vanuxemi outpost of those plants th'lt dominate the and Cyclostigma sp.), Paleophytes (Ginkgo• lands of the northern hemisphere and phytopsis sp.), Pteridophiles (Anisopteris cf. give place to the immense Carboniferous circularis ?), Esfenophytes (Archaeocalamites forests. REFERENCES ANDREWS,H. & PHILLIPS,T. (1968). Rhacophyton BLANAT,J. et DOUBINGER,J. (1973). Contenu from the Upper Devonian of West Virginia. paleontologique du gisement Frasnien de Ia J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.), 61(384): 37-64. Carriere Wenger et Petit a Hersbach (Vallee de RAMIS - DEVONIAN PLANTS FROM H:ORNACHOS (BADAJOZ), SPAIN 17

la Bruche, Vosges). Sci. geol. Bull., 26(1): 75• HERRAZ ARAUJO,P. (1970). Nota preliminar sobre 90. el estudio geologico de las sierras paleozoicas BOUREAU, E. (1964). Traite de PaliJobotaniqlle entre Oliva de Merida y Hornachos (Badajoz). (Sphenophyta, Noeggerathiophyta). 3, 544 pp., 436 Seminarios Estratigrajia, 6: 1-16. fig. Paris. HIRMER, M. & GUTHORL, P. (1940). Die Karbon• BOUREAU, E. (1967). Traite de PaliJobotaniqlle Flora des Saargebietes. Abt. 3: Filicales und (Bryophyta, Psilophyta, Lycophyta). 2, 845, pp. Verwandte. 1. (Noeggerathineae). 2 (Rhaco• 509 fig. Paris. pteris). Palaeontographica, B9: 1-60. BOUREAU, E. (1970). Traite de Paleobotanique Hsu, J. (1948). Fossil plants from Central Yunnan, (Filicophyta), 4(1): 519. Paris. China. J. Indian bot. Soc., 24(4): 241-273. BOUREAU, E. (1975). Traite de Paleobotanique I.G.M.E.- Mapa Geol6gico de Espana E. 1: 50.000. (Pteridophylla), 4(2): 768, 600 fig. Paris. Hojas numeros: 856 (), 885 () y COGNEY, G. & DANZE-CORSIN, P. (1960). Les 830 (Hornachos). conglomerats du bas oued Bou-Regred et la KRAUSEL,R. & WEYLAND,H. (1926). Beitrage zur flare du Carbonifere inferieur du Jebel Bakach. Kenntl1ls der Devonflora. II. Senckenbergiana Trav. Inst. Sci. Cherij: (Geol. Geogr.), 8: 1-54. 40(2): 115-55. ' CORSIN,P., COULON,M., FOURQUlN,c., PAfCHELER, KRAUSEL, R. & WEYLAND,H. (1933). Die Flora J. C. & POINT, R. (1973). Etude de la f10re de des B5hmischen Mitteldevons. Palaeonto- serie de Giromagny (Viseen sup. des Vosges graphica, 78B: 1-46. meridionales), comparaison avec les autres f10res LUCAS, G. (1950). Presence de Psilophytales dans du Culm des Vosges. Sci. geol. Bull., Strasb., les schistes et microbreches de la region de 26(1): 43-68. Saida (Oran). C.R. Soc. geol. France. Seance CHALONER, W. (1968). The cone of Cyclostigma 20 mars, pp. 94-95. kiltorkense Haughton, from the Upper Devonian LUTZ, J. (1933). Zur Kulmflora von Geigen bei of Ireland. J. Linn. Soc., (Bot.), 61(384): 25· Hof. Palaeontographica, 78B: 114-157. 36. LLOPIS LLADO, N., VILLALTA, J., CAVANAS, R., CHURKIN, M., EBERLEIN,D., HUEBER,F. & MAMAY, PELAEZ PRUNEDA, J. R. & VILAS, L. (1967). S. (1969). Lower Devonian land plants from Le Devonien de l'Espagne. C.R. Int. Symp. graptolitic shale in south-eastern Alaska. Devonian System, Calgary, 1: 171-187. Palaeontology, 12(4): 559-573. MELENDEZ, B. (1953). El Devonico en Espana. DOUBINGER,J. & ALVAREZ-RAMIS, C. (1978). Nota Estudios Geologicos, 19: 395-405. sobre la flora de la Formaci6n Amb6, Carboni• REMY, W. & REMY, R. (1959). Pjlanzenjossilien. fero inferior del Peru. C.R. Congreso Argentino 287 pp. Verlag Akad., Berlin. de Paleontologia y Estratigrajia. Buenos Aires. SCOTT, A. C., EDWARDS, D. & ROLFE, W. D. J. GOMEZ LLARENA, J. (1950). Breve noticia sobre (1976). Fossiliferous lower old red sandstone hallazgos paleontologicos en el Paleozoico de near Cardros, Dunbartonshire. Proc. geol. Soc. los Pirineos Vascos. Estudios Geologicos, 11: Glasgow, 117: 4-5. 245-47. TERMIER, H. et, G. (1947). Decouverte de GOTHAN, W. & REMY,W. (1957). Steinkohfenpjlan• Psilophytinees dans l'Eifelien du Maroc Central. zen. 248 pp., 6 Taf. Verlag Gliickauf. Essen. C.r. Soc. geol. Fr.,: 342.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

PLATE 1 PLATE 2

1. Sporogonites sp. (A); two sporangia. x 3. 18. Ginkgophytopsis sp.; fragmented leaf. x 1. 2. Sporogonites sp. (B); single sporangium. 19. The previous remain magnified to show its x 3. characteristical venation. x 3. 3. Sporogonites sp. (B) and axis of Psilophyton sp. 20. Archaeosigilfaria cf. Vanuxemi (Goeppert) x 1. Kidston. x 3. 4. Zoosterophyffum aff. australianum Lang & 21. Cyclostigma sp. x 3. Cookson.; Sporangia. 22. Fragment of leaf of Lycopsida. x 1. 5. Psilophyton sp.; several axis showing spines and 23. cf. Neurocardiopteris broilii Lutz? pinnules scars. x 1. and Rhacophyton mirabilis (Nath.) Leclerk end 6. Psilophyton sp.; axis detail showing remains of of sterile pinna. xL' points of attachment. x 3. 24. The previous remain magnified. x 3. 7. Psilophyton sp.; axis fragments. x 1. 25. Rhacophyton sp.?; assemblage of ripe sporangia. 8. Thursophyton sp.; side branches. x 1. 26. R/~acophy~on mirabilis (Nathorst) Leclerk.; main 9-12. Psilophytites sp.; several axis fragments. aXIs showmg the branches characteristic attach• x 1. ment. X 1. 13, 14. Hostimella sp.; naked, dichotomously 27. Archaeocalamites sp. x 3. divided plant axis. x 1. 28. Archaeopteris sp.?; axis. x 1. 15. Sporangia of Dawsonites sp. (A) on axis of 29. Anisopteris circularis Walton? or abnormal Psilophyton sp. and megaspore type" Triletes ". x 1. pin~ulex _. of Archaeopteris roemeriana Goeppert ? 16. Dll;wsonites sp. (B); group of sporangia on an 30, 31. Archaeopteris roemeriana Goeppert; two aXIs. x 3. normal pinnules. x 3. 17. Drepanophycus sp.; axis fragment with spines 32, 33. Archaeopteris roemeriana Goeppert; tWQ and typical points of attachments. x 3. scale-like folioles. x 3. 18 THE PALAEOBOTANlSr RAM1S-DEVONIAN PLANTS FROM IIORNACHOS (BADAJOZ), SPAIN 19

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PLATa 2