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Empirical Investigation on Measurement of Game Immersion Using Real World Dissociation Factor
Thesis no: MSCS-2016-13 Empirical Investigation on Measurement of Game Immersion using Real World Dissociation Factor Gadila Swarajya Haritha Reddy Faculty of Computing Blekinge Institute of Technology SE–371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden This thesis is submitted to the Faculty of Computing at Blekinge Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. The thesis is equivalent to 20 weeks of full time studies. Contact Information: Author(s): Gadila Swarajya Haritha Reddy E-mail: [email protected] University advisor: Prof. Sara Eriksén Department of Creative Technologies Faculty of Computing Internet : www.bth.se Blekinge Institute of Technology Phone : +46 455 38 50 00 SE–371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden Fax : +46 455 38 50 57 Abstract Context. Games involve people to a large extent where they relate them- selves with the game characters; this is commonly known as game immer- sion. Generally, some players play games for enjoyment, some for stress relaxation and so on.Game immersion is usually used to describe the degree of involvement with a game. When people play games, they don’t necessar- ily realize that they have been dissociated with the surrounding world. Real world dissociation (RWD) can be defined as the situation where a player is less aware of the surroundings outside the game than about what is happen- ing in the game itself. The RWD factor has been expected to measure the losing track of time, lack of awareness of surroundings and mental trans- portation. Objectives. In this thesis, we measure and compare the difference in game immersion between experienced and inexperienced players using RWD fac- tor. -
The Progression of Chiral Anions from Concepts to Applications in Asymmetric Catalysis Robert J
REVIEW ARTICLE PUBLISHED ONLINE: 24 JULY 2012 | DOI: 10.1038/NCHEM.1405 The progression of chiral anions from concepts to applications in asymmetric catalysis Robert J. Phipps, Gregory L. Hamilton and F. Dean Toste* Despite the tremendous advances of the past four decades, chemists are far from being able to use chiral catalysts to con- trol the stereoselectivity of any desired reaction. New concepts for the construction and mode of operation of chiral catalysts have the potential to open up previously inaccessible reaction space. The recognition and categorization of distinct approaches seems to play a role in triggering rapid exploration of new territory. This Review both reflects on the origins as well as details a selection of the latest examples of an area that has advanced considerably within the past five years or so: the use of chiral anions in asymmetric catalysis. Defining reactions as involving chiral anions is a difficult task owing to uncertainties over the exact catalytic mechanisms. Nevertheless, we attempt to provide an overview of the breadth of reactions that could reasonably fall under this umbrella. 9 ithin the broader field of science, organic chemistry is Of significantly greater acidity (pKa around 2–4) are chiral phos- often referred to as a mature field of study. In spite of this, phoric acids, commonly derived from BINOL (1,1′-bi-2-naphthol). Wnew avenues of inquiry seem to arise with relative fre- These catalysts have risen to prominence over the past decade quency. Perhaps we take it for granted that expansions of the field because their high acidity permits activation of a broad range of are sparked when one or two chemical laboratories uncover a new substrates3,10. -
Organic Chemistry
Wisebridge Learning Systems Organic Chemistry Reaction Mechanisms Pocket-Book WLS www.wisebridgelearning.com © 2006 J S Wetzel LEARNING STRATEGIES CONTENTS ● The key to building intuition is to develop the habit ALKANES of asking how each particular mechanism reflects Thermal Cracking - Pyrolysis . 1 general principles. Look for the concepts behind Combustion . 1 the chemistry to make organic chemistry more co- Free Radical Halogenation. 2 herent and rewarding. ALKENES Electrophilic Addition of HX to Alkenes . 3 ● Acid Catalyzed Hydration of Alkenes . 4 Exothermic reactions tend to follow pathways Electrophilic Addition of Halogens to Alkenes . 5 where like charges can separate or where un- Halohydrin Formation . 6 like charges can come together. When reading Free Radical Addition of HX to Alkenes . 7 organic chemistry mechanisms, keep the elec- Catalytic Hydrogenation of Alkenes. 8 tronegativities of the elements and their valence Oxidation of Alkenes to Vicinal Diols. 9 electron configurations always in your mind. Try Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes . 10 to nterpret electron movement in terms of energy Ozonolysis of Alkenes . 10 Allylic Halogenation . 11 to make the reactions easier to understand and Oxymercuration-Demercuration . 13 remember. Hydroboration of Alkenes . 14 ALKYNES ● For MCAT preparation, pay special attention to Electrophilic Addition of HX to Alkynes . 15 Hydration of Alkynes. 15 reactions where the product hinges on regio- Free Radical Addition of HX to Alkynes . 16 and stereo-selectivity and reactions involving Electrophilic Halogenation of Alkynes. 16 resonant intermediates, which are special favor- Hydroboration of Alkynes . 17 ites of the test-writers. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Alkynes. 17 Reduction of Alkynes with Alkali Metal/Ammonia . 18 Formation and Use of Acetylide Anion Nucleophiles . -
Aldehydes and Ketones
12 Aldehydes and Ketones Ethanol from alcoholic beverages is first metabolized to acetaldehyde before being broken down further in the body. The reactivity of the carbonyl group of acetaldehyde allows it to bind to proteins in the body, the products of which lead to tissue damage and organ disease. Inset: A model of acetaldehyde. (Novastock/ Stock Connection/Glow Images) KEY QUESTIONS 12.1 What Are Aldehydes and Ketones? 12.8 What Is Keto–Enol Tautomerism? 12.2 How Are Aldehydes and Ketones Named? 12.9 How Are Aldehydes and Ketones Oxidized? 12.3 What Are the Physical Properties of Aldehydes 12.10 How Are Aldehydes and Ketones Reduced? and Ketones? 12.4 What Is the Most Common Reaction Theme of HOW TO Aldehydes and Ketones? 12.1 How to Predict the Product of a Grignard Reaction 12.5 What Are Grignard Reagents, and How Do They 12.2 How to Determine the Reactants Used to React with Aldehydes and Ketones? Synthesize a Hemiacetal or Acetal 12.6 What Are Hemiacetals and Acetals? 12.7 How Do Aldehydes and Ketones React with CHEMICAL CONNECTIONS Ammonia and Amines? 12A A Green Synthesis of Adipic Acid IN THIS AND several of the following chapters, we study the physical and chemical properties of compounds containing the carbonyl group, C O. Because this group is the functional group of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids and their derivatives, it is one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry and in the chemistry of biological systems. The chemical properties of the carbonyl group are straightforward, and an understanding of its characteristic reaction themes leads very quickly to an understanding of a wide variety of organic reactions. -
DNA Sequence Selectivity of Guanine-N7 Alkylation by Three Antitumor Chloroethylating Agents
ICANCER RESEARCH 46, 1943-1947, April 19861 DNA Sequence Selectivity of Guanine-N7 Alkylation by Three Antitumor Chloroethylating Agents John A. Hartley,' Neil W. Gibson, Kurt W. Kohn, and William B. Mattes@ L.aboratory ofMolecular Pharmacology. Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division ofCancer Treatment, National Cancer institute, NiH, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 ABSTRACF (4). Both compounds are like C1EtNUs in that they produce The DNA sequenceselectivitiesof guanine-N7alkylation producedby delayed interstrand cross-linking in Mer (guanine-O@-alkyl three chloroethylating antitumor agents, I-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(cis-2-hy transferase deficient) human tumor cell lines, but not in Mer droxy)cyclohexyl-l-nitrosourea(cis-2-OH CCNU), 2-chloroethyl(meth cells, DNA-protein cross-linking in both cell types without ylsulfonyl)methanesulfonate,and 8-carhamoyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)imidazo delay, and selective killing of the Mer cells (5, 6). 15,l-dl-l,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3H)-one (mitozolomide), were examined using We have recently investigated whether either of these agents a modificationof the Maxam and Gilbert sequencing technique. In a had a simpler alkylation chemistry than the C1EtNUs. One of region ofpBR322 DNA, 2-chloroethyl(methylsulfonyl)methanesulfonate the major alkylation routes of the C1EtNUs is the production produced approximately the same degree of alkylation at all guanines. of hydroxyethyl adducts in DNA (7). Such adducts are thought cis-2-OH CCNU, however,preferentiallyalkylated the middleguanines to have little importance in the expression ofantitumor activity in runs of three or more guanines the intensity of the reaction increased but may contribute to both the mutagenic and carcinogenic with the number of adjacent guanines in the DNA sequence. -
Cool in the Kitchen: Radiation, Conduction, and the Newton “Hot Block” Experiment
Cool in the Kitchen: Radiation, Conduction, and the Newton “Hot Block” Experiment Mark P. Silverman and Christopher R. Silverman he rate at which an object cools down Our curiosity was aroused. How good an Tgives valuable information about the approximation to reality is Newton’s law— mechanisms of heat loss and the thermal prop- and what in any event determines whether the erties of the material. In general, heat loss temperature of the hot object is too high? occurs by one or more of the following four Furthermore, although Newton’s name is processes: (a) conduction, (b) convection, (c) readily associated with his laws of motion, evaporation, and (d) radiation. law of gravity, and various optical phenomena In conduction, heat is transferred through a and apparatus, it does not usually appear in medium by the collisional encounters of ther- discussions of thermal phenomena. Indeed, mally excited molecules vibrating about their apart from this one instance, a search through equilibrium positions, or, in the case of met- a score or more of history of science books als, by mobile, unbound electrons; only ener- and thermal physics books at various levels of gy, not bulk matter itself, moves through the instruction produced but one other circum- Mark P. Silverman is material. Convection, by contrast, refers to the stance for noting Newton’s name—and that Professor of Physics at Trinity College and former transfer of heat through the action of a moving was his failure to recognize the adiabatic 3 Joliot Professor of Physics fluid; in free or natural convection, the motion nature of sound propagation in air. -
Consistent Pitch Height Forms: a Commentary on Daniel Muzzulini's Contribution Isaac Newton's Microtonal Approach To
Consistent Pitch Height Forms: A commentary on Daniel Muzzulini’s contribution Isaac Newton’s Microtonal Approach to Just Intonation THOMAS NOLL[1] Escola Superior de Música de Catalunya, Departament de Teoria, Composició i Direcció ABSTRACT: This text revisits selected aspects of Muzzulini’s article and reformulates them on the basis of a three-dimensional interval space E and its dual E*. The pitch height of just intonation is conceived as an element h of the dual space. From octave-fifth-third coordinates it becomes transformed into chromatic coordinates. The dual chromatic basis is spanned by the duals a* of a minor second a and the duals b* and c* of two kinds of augmented primes b and c. Then for every natural number n a modified pitch height form hn is derived from h by augmenting its coordinates with the factor n, followed by rounding to nearest integers. Of particular interest are the octave-consitent forms hn mapping the octave to the value n. The three forms hn for n = 612, 118, 53 (yielding smallest deviations from the respective values of n h) form the Muzzulini basis of E*. The respective transformation matrix T* between the coordinate representations of linear forms in the Muzzulini basis and the dual chromatic basis is unimodular and a Pisot matrix with the dominant eigen-co-vector very close to h. Certain selections of the linear forms hn are displayed in Muzzuli coordinates as ball-like point clouds within a suitable cuboid containing the origin. As an open problem remains the estimation of the musical relevance of Newton’s chromatic mode, and chromatic modes in general. -
Applications of Machine Learning in Dota 2: Literature Review and Practical Knowledge Sharing
Applications of Machine Learning in Dota 2: Literature Review and Practical Knowledge Sharing Aleksandr Semenov1, Peter Romov2;3, Kirill Neklyudov2;3, Daniil Yashkov2;3, and Daniil Kireev4 1 International Laboratory for Applied Network Research, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia 2 Yandex Data Factory, Moscow, Russia 3 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia 4 Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. We present the review of recent applications of Machine Learning in Dota 2. It includes prediction of the winning team from the drafting stage of the game, calculating optimal jungling paths, pre- dict the result of teamfights, recommendataion engine for the draft, and detection of in-game roles with emphasis on win prediction from team composition data. Besides that we discuss our own experience with mak- ing Dota 2 Machine Learning hachathon and Kaggle competitions. Keywords: Dota 2, MOBA, eSports, Machine Learning 1 Introduction to Dota 2 game rules and mechanics DotA 2 is an online multiplayer video game and its first part, DotA (after \De- fense of the Ancients") created a new genre, called Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA). It is played by two teams, called Radiant and Dire which con- sist of five players each. The main goal of the game is to destroy other team's \Ancient", located at the opposite corners of the map. Each of the players choose one hero to play with from a pool of 113 heroes in the drafting stage of the game (sometimes called 'picks'). -
![Arxiv:1705.04061V1 [Physics.Optics] 11 May 2017](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/4375/arxiv-1705-04061v1-physics-optics-11-may-2017-974375.webp)
Arxiv:1705.04061V1 [Physics.Optics] 11 May 2017
Optically levitated nanoparticle as a model system for stochastic bistable dynamics F. Ricci,1 R. A. Rica,1 M. Spasenovi´c,1 J. Gieseler,1, 2 L. Rondin,3 L. Novotny,3 and R. Quidant1, 4 1ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain 2Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, US. 3ETH Z¨urich,Photonics Laboratory, 8093 Z¨urich,Switzerland 4ICREA-Instituci´oCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain Nano-mechanical resonators have gained an up to ∼ 50 dB amplification of non-resonant harmonic increasing importance in nanotechnology owing force at the atto-newton scale. In addition, the unprece- to their contributions to both fundamental and dented level of control achieved will enable the use of applied science. Yet, their small dimensions and levitated nanoparticles as a model system for stochastic mass raises some challenges as their dynamics bistable dynamics with applications to a wide range gets dominated by nonlinearities that degrade of fields including biophysics16,17, chemistry18,19 and their performance, for instance in sensing appli- nanotechnology20. cations. Here, we report on the precise control of the nonlinear and stochastic bistable dynamics Results of a levitated nanoparticle in high vacuum. Our experiment is sketched in Fig. 1a. A single sil- We demonstrate how it can lead to efficient ica nanoparticle (d ∼ 177 nm in diameter) is optically signal amplification schemes, including stochastic trapped in vacuum by a tightly focused laser beam, and resonance. This work paves the way for the use its 3D trajectory monitored with a balanced split detec- of levitated nanoparticles as a model system for tion scheme. -
1935-01-04 1.Pdf
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How Cold Is Cold: What Is Temperature?
How_Cold_is_Cold:_What_is_Temperature? Hi. My name is Rick McMaster and I work at IBM in Austin, Texas. I'm the STEM advocate and known locally as Dr. Kold because of the work that I do with schools in central Texas. Think about this question. Was it cold today when you came to school? Was it hot? We'll come back to that shortly, but let's start with something that I think we would all agree is cold, ice. Here's a picture of a big piece of ice. An iceberg, in fact. Now take a few minutes to discuss how much of the iceberg you see above the water, and why this happens. Welcome back. The density of water is about 0.92 grams per cubic centimeter, and sea water about 1.025. If we divide the first by the second, you see that about 90% of the iceberg is below the surface, something for a ship to watch out for. Why did we start with density and not temperature? Density is something that's a much more common experience. If something floats in water, it's less dense than water. If it sinks, it's more dense. That can't be argued. Let's take a little more time to talk about water and ice because it will be important later. So why is ice less dense than water? The solid form of water forms hexagonal crystals with the Hydrogen atoms shown in white, forming bonds with neighboring Oxygen atoms in red. With the water molecules no longer able to move readily, the ice is less dense and the iceberg floats. -
An Overview of Esports in Europe
THIS REPORT IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY ESPORTS BAR AN OVERVIEW OF ESPORTS IN EUROPE FEATURING AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT FOUR OF EUROPE’S MOST VIBRANT ESPORTS ECOSYSTEMS SWEDEN POLAND SPAIN GERMANY DECEMBER 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Foreword 3 2. Key Facts About Europe 4 3. European Market Trends 6 4. Local Impact 10 5. Biggest Events 15 6. Using Consumer Insights 18 FOREWORD A NEW PHASE FOR ESPORTS COMMENCES Esports is entering a new phase toward becoming a mature ESPORTS ENTERING A CRUCIAL PHASE TOWARDS MATURITY market. The coming two years will be crucial in how fast it grows into a multi-billion-dollar business. The key determining factors are the success of local leagues and the franchising approach, the implementation of regulations, the arrival of new game formats and competition, the uptake of content rights sales, team profitability, and the impact of industry convergence involving traditional media, entertainment, telecom, and sports companies. Depending on how these factors play out in the coming year or two, esports’ growth could accelerate and reach $2.4 billion in 2020 in an optimistic scenario, almost $1 billion higher than the base scenario of $1.5 billion. Europe has been one of the most important regions in the development of the esports industry. Some of the first organizations that made esports popular, especially in the West, originate from Europe. Most notable is ESL, arguably the world’s largest esports organization, which has its roots in Germany. The company has helped build and shape esports from small community events to record-breaking events, including the Intel Extreme Masters in Katowice and ESL One in Cologne.