Contributions to the Hydrology of the , 1955

9 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1360

This volume was printed as -eparate chapters A-I

JNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1957 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FRED A. SEATON, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Thomas B. Nolan, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. CONTENTS

[The letters hi parentheses preeedingtha titles desigpate.sepaiately,published.chapters] Page (A) Reservoirs in the United States, by Nathan O. Thomas and G. Earl Harbeck, Jr______1 (B) Ground water in northeastern Louisville, Ky., by M. I. Rorabaugh__ 101 (C) Geology and occurrence of ground water in the Townsend Valley, Mont., by H. W. Lorenz and R. G. McMurtrey______171 (D) Water resources of Bill Williams River valley near Alamo, Ariz., by H. N. Wolcott, H. E. Skibitzke, and L. C. Halpenny______291 (E) Geology and ground-water resources of the Kaycee irrigation project, Johnson County, Wyo., by F. A. Kohout______321 (F) Salt water and its relation to fresh ground water in Harris County, Tex., by Alien G. Winslow, William W. Doyel, and Leonard A. Wood____._____.______375 (G) Ground-water conditions in the Mendota-Huron area, Fresno and Kings Counties, Calif., by G. H. Davis and J. F. Poland..____ 409 (H) Geology and ground-water hydrology of the valleys of the Republican and Frenchman Rivers, Nebr., by Edward Bradley and Carlton R. Johnson______589 (I) Reconnaissance of the ground-water resources of the Elkhorn River basin above Pilger, Nebr., by Thomas G. Newport_____ 715 m Reservoirs in the United States

By NATHAN O. THOMAS and G. EARL HARBECK, Jr.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HYDROLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1360-A

Revising and superseding Geological Survey Circular 23, Reservoirs in the United States, by G. Earl Harbeck, Jr.: March 1948

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1956 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Douglas McKay, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Thomas B. Nolan, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 75 cents (paper cover) PREFACE

This report on reservoirs in the United States was prepared in the Water Resources Division, C. G. Paulsen, chief hydraulic engineer, under the general supervision of J. V. B. Wells, chief, Surface Water Branch. It revises and supersedes a report pub­ lished as Geological Survey Circular 23, by G. EarlHarbeck, Jr., 1948. The text is largely the work of the junior author as pre­ sented in Circular 23, amplified and brought up to date by the senior author. Tabular data were verified, revised when neces­ sary, expanded, and brought up to date by the senior author. Both reports were prepared with the advice of W. B. Langbein.

The basic data were obtained mainly by the district offices of the Surface Water Branch, directly from the owner or operator of the reservoir when practicable. Complete data were not avail­ able for all reservoirs.

Acknowledgment is made to the following agencies and organi­ zations for their cooperation in making information available: the Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Reclamation, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Soil Conservation Service, and several other Federal agencies; agencies of States, counties, and municipali­ ties; water users associations, conservation and irrigation dis­ tricts, flood control and conservation districts, many power, wa­ ter, canal, and reservoir companies, and many individuals.

In bringing the compilation up to date every effort was made to obtain the results of the most recent surveys to determine res­ ervoir capacity. However, it is realized that some of the data published herein may be in error; any corrections or additions that can be furnished by the user of these records will be appre­ ciated. Ill CONTENTS

Page Abstract ...... 1 Introduction...... 1 Explanation of compiled data ...... 11 Name of reservoir and stream...... 11 Location ...... 12 Drainage area ...... 12 Dead storage ...... 13 Total storage ...... 13 Usable storage...... 13 Surface area...... 14 Storage ratio ...... 14 Date completed ...... 14 Use...... 15 Owner or operator ...... 15 Storage records published...... 15 Summary of reservoirs by States ...... 96 Literature cited; references originally shown in Circular 23. 98 Index...... 99

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page Plate 1. Map of the United States showing drainage areas and index numbers ...... In pocket

Figure 1. Usable reservoir capacity in the United States, by decades ...... 4 2. Usable reservoir capacity for power, installed generating capacity, and production of hydroelectric power, 1909-53 ...... 6 3. Number and average capacity of reservoirs constructed 1870-1953 and under construction on January 1, 1954...... 10

TABLES

Page Table 1. Reservoirs in the United States completed or under construction, as of January 1, 1954, having usable capacity of 5, 000 acre-feet or more ...... 16 2. Summary of reservoirs showing usable storage and surface area, by States ...... 96 V CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HYDROLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES

RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES

By N. O. THOMAS and G. E. HARBECK, Jr.

ABSTRACT

Reservoir storage facilities in the United States play an important part in the national economy. Storage facilities have enabled the country to uti­ lize to a much fuller extent one of the most valuable natural resources: wa­ ter. During recent years the construction of reservoirs has continued at a high rate. This report shows the status of these facilities on January 1, 1954, and describes briefly some of the reasons for growth of reservoir facilities in the United States.

Descriptive data are given for reservoirs having a capacity of 5, 000 acre-feet or more and for natural lakes having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more. Included are reservoirs and lakes completed as of Jan­ uary 1, 1954, and reservoirs under construction on that date. The total number of such reservoirs and lakes is 1, 300.

A descriptive list of reservoirs in the United States was first published by the United States Geological Survey in March 1948. That report, Geo­ logical Survey Circular 23, entitled Reservoirs in the United States, in­ cluded reservoirs completed as of January 1, 1947. Since January 1, 1947, reservoirs representing a total usable capacity of 115,000,000 acre-feet, or an increase of 71 percent, have been constructed or are under construc­ tion. Data about these new reservoirs are presented herein, and the data shown for reservoirs constructed before 1947 have been corrected on the basis of the latest available survey to determine reservoir capacity.

The total usable capacity of reservoirs and lakes included in this com­ pilation amounts to 278, 120, 000 acre-feet, and the corresponding surface area totals 11, 046, 000 acres.

INTRODUCTION

Man has engaged in the control of flowing water since history began. Among his early recorded efforts were reservoirs for municipal water supplies constructed near ancient Jerusalem to store water brought there in masonry conduits (Draffin, 1939, p. 122-127). Irrigation was practiced in Egypt as early as 2000 B. C. There the "basin system" was used from ancient times until the 19th century. The land was divided into basins of approxi­ mately 40, 000 acres, separated by earthen dikes (To4d, 1929, p. 536). Generally flood waters of the Nile flowing through canals inundated the basins. Many of these basin systems were built by 1 2 x CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

the Pharaohs. In years of no floods, the crops suffered. Lake Maeris, which according to Herodotus was an ancient storage reservoir, reputedly had an area of 30,000 acres. In India, the British found at the time of their occupancy of the Presidency of Madras about 50, 000 reservoirs for irrigation, many believed to be of ancient construction (Turneaure and Russell, 1909, p. 1- 12). During the period A. D. 115-130 reservoirs were built to improve the water supply of Athens. Much has been written concerning the elaborate collection and distribution system built to supply Rome, and parts of it remain to this day as monuments to the engineering skill employed by the Romans in solving the problem of large-scale municipal water supplies.

For whatever purpose--whether it be irrigation, municipal supply, power, or flood control--man has recognized the desir­ of adequate and controllable water supplies. Man cannot yet control the time and amount of precipitation effectively, but he has long tried to overcome variation in the supply of water by storage. Water storage has contributed materially to the devel­ opment of the United States. The successful agricultural econ­ omy in the semiarid sections of the West depends largely on storage of a part of the annual water supply for use during the growing season. The growth of our vast industrial centers has been made possible only by adequate year-round water supplies for municipal and industrial use. Industrial development in many sections has paralleled the increase in available power supplies. The retention of flood flows by flood-control reser­ voirs has contributed materially to the protection of downstream developments.

The interest of the Geological Survey in the reservoirs of the United States may be traced back to 1888, when the Sundry Civil Appropriation Act of that year provided (Follansbee, 1939, p. 33):

For the purpose of investigating the extent to which the arid region of the United States can be redeemed by irrigation and the segre­ gation of the irrigable lands in such arid re­ gion, and for the selection of sites for reser­ voirs and other hydraulic works necessary for the storage and utilization of water for irrigation and the prevention of floods and overflows, ***the work to be performed by the Geological Survey under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, the sum of one hftndred thousand dollars***.

The irrigation survey (1888-90), a branch of the Geological Sur­ vey, made the first systematic investigation of water resources conducted in the United States. During its 2-year life, much was done to evaluate the water resources of the arid West,and the RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 3

of potential water supplies and their utilization was clearly dem­ onstrated.

Other legislation affecting the construction of reservoirs in the West included the Carey Act of 1894, which authorized grants of public lands to the Western States on condition that the granted land be irrigated. However, progress in reclaiming the arid lands was slow, partly because the size and cost of many of the nec­ essary projects were beyond the resources of the States and pri­ vate interests.

The great development of the arid West near the turn of the century was made possible largely by the construction of storage reservoirs. In regions where precipitation was insufficient for agriculture, reservoirs are required to hold the spring floods from melting snow and the quick runoff from short, intense summer storms. The first reservoir of more than 5,000 acre- feet capacity with provision for irrigation is believed tobe French Lake in northern California, built in 1859. Not many large res­ ervoirs were built in the West before 1900, but after that year their construction proceeded much more rapidly and from 1910 to 1920 the capacity of reservoirs constructed for irrigation ex­ ceeded that for any other use (see fig. 1). Total capacity for power in single-purpose and multipurpose reservoirs forged a- head of capacity for irrigation in the thirties, and total capacity for flood control overtook irrigation capacity in the early fifties; but capacity for irrigation has maintained a steady growth.

The Reclamation Act, or Newlands Act, of 1902 provided Fed­ eral aid for the construction of reservoirs. It stimulated the construction of reclamation works by providing a way of amor­ tizing heavy initial costs over a period of many years. With this legislation, the development of the arid West advanced in the early years of this century in a way that it could not have done other­ wise. As many reservoirs were built to assure an adequate sup­ ply of water for agriculture, the settlement of the West proceeded rapidly.

Most of the irrigated farmlands are in the 17 Western States, and, according to the Bureau of the Census, the following acre­ ages in these States were irrigated by surface water:

Year Acreage

1919 ...... 16,317,451 1929 ...... 16,073,246 1939 ...... 20,354,239 1949 ...... 19,272,564 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

O Q O O O r~ io in ^- m 133d-3aDV JO SNOmiW Nl'AUDVdVD 318VSn RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 5

In addition, 453, 303 acres of farmland in the States of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Florida were irrigated from surface water sources during 1949. When these figures are compared with the usable reservoir capacity for irrigation at 10-year intervals, as shown in figure 1, it can be seen that the acreage of farmland irrigated by water from streams and lakes has increased much less than reservoir capacity for irrigation. It appears that acreage irri­ gated from surface water in the Western States has to some ex­ tent become stabilized at about 20 million acres. Two other con - elusions can probably be drawn from the comparison: irrigation developments in recent year shave required more storage per ir­ rigated acre than earlier developments; and much of the large in­ crease in storage of water for irrigation use since 1920 has been utilized for the purpose of reducing crop failures on land already being irrigated.

The acreage of land fully or supplementally irrigated by works constructed by the Bureau jof Reclamation is given as follows for 10-year intervals*

Year Acreage

1909 410,628 1919 2,103,568 1929 2,718,130 1939 3,140,976 1949 4,820,589 1953 6,097,615

These areas are included in the census figures previously given for the 17 Western States. During the period 1919-53, acreage irrigated by Bureau of Reclamation works increased about three­ fold, following very closely the increase in storage for irrigation shown in figure 1.

Reservoirs were, or course, constructed for water power long before the advent of hydroelectric power, but it was after trans­ mission of electric power over long distances become possible that the construction of power reservoirs began an extraordinary growth. The first hydroelectric station began operation in 1882 in Appleton, Wis. (Daugherty, Horton, and Davenport, 1928, p. 29). From 1890-1910, the most rapid growth in reservoir con­ struction for power occurred in New England. Since 1910, power- reservoir construction has continued at a rapid pace, with great increases in the Pacific States and in the South Atlantic States during 1920-30, in the Mountain States during 1930-40, and in the Pacific States during 1940-50. Completion of Lake Mead (Hoover Dam) and the Tennessee Valley reservoirs contributed greatly to the consistently sharp increases shown by figure 1 for the two de­ cades 1930-50. The greatest increase in reservoir construction 6 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

for power is indicated during the current decade beginning in 1950. Total construction for power during the decade is expected to ex­ ceed 28 million acre-feet. At present, the capacity of reservoirs for power leads that of all other uses; 33 percent of the total res­ ervoir capacity in the United States is allocated for power produc­ tion.

Installed hydroelectric generating capacity and the production of hydroelectric power by utility companies are compared with us­ able reservoir storage for power in figure 2. All three factors have consistently shown an upward trend. The largest increase in installed generating capacity (5.65 million kilowatts) took place during the decade ending in 1949, following the large increase in reservoir storage for power during the decade ending in 1939. The graph for 1953 does not include an additional 18. 1-million acre- feet of reservoir storage for power which will be provided by res­ ervoirs under construction on January 1, 1954. It is expected that this additional storage will raise installed capacity to about 25 million kilowatts. Consequently, both reservoir storage and ca­ pacity for generation of hydroelectric power will have their great­ est increases during the current decade, beginning in 1950. Pro­ duction of power depends upon demand and other factors and is

u. 125 O EXPLANATION tO z o Usable capacity of reservoirs, for power i£8SD «'S=>5gB 100 m ERATINGCAPACITYOFHYDROELECTRICUTILITYPLA //*

Installed generating capacity ' /S USABLECAPACITY,OFACRE-INMILLIONSFEET '// // // Production of hydroelectric power MILLIONSOFINKILOWATTS -\*>"\^. 75 Only reservoirs having usable capac ity of 5,000 acre-feet or more are inc lud ed. I'% J Generating capacity and productk >n '// figures are for publicly and privat sly P^^^^^^^^x^ owned utility companies and were furnished by the Federal Power //'' / /> >/' 10 i«- 2 50

'XX TTT- xx.XX T77\ xx, v/////////////////////^^^'%. // I // /X/ '// 1 'XX // : 'XX // xx/177 'XX xx '/,\ XX - XX- '/> xx * 'X/ 'XX XX J w\h I® 'XX // xx. /X/ xx> 'XX 1 1^ XX /'X/' XX 'X/ ^hl XX. i |^i 'XX '// 1909 1919 1929 11939 1949 1953

Figure 2. --Usable reservoir capacity for power, installed generating capacity, and production of hydroelectric power, 1909-53. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 7 subject, therefore, to more variation than either reservoir stor­ age or generating capacity. However, based on the trends in res­ ervoir storage and generating capacity, annual production of hy­ droelectric power is expected to reach about 125 billion kilowatt - hours within the next few years.

Construction of reservoir capacity for flood control redeived its first notable impetus in the early twenties with the completion of reservoirs in the Miami River basin in Ohio built in consequence of the disastrous flood of 1913. Since 1930, the construction of flood-control reservoirs or the allocation of capacity in multipur­ pose reservoirs for flood control has increased at a higher rate than that for any other use, the total reservoir capacity for this purpose is now surpassed only by capacity allocated for power. Including reservoirs under construction on January 1, 1954, the increase in flood-control capacity since 1950 has totaled more than 38 million acre-feet the greatest increase for any use during a decade. This increase is due primarily to the construction of res­ ervoirs in the Missouri River basin and in the States of Texas and Arkansas.

The present compilation of reservoirs in the United States is an inventory of facilities for the use and control of one of our most important natural resources. The purposes of reservoir construc­ tion reflect the changes in the national economy since water stor­ age began. In colonial days and the early years of the Republic, many low dams and small storage reservoirs were built for minor industries and for log driving. Apparently the earliest recorded effort to store water supplies of a substantial amount was made in New Hampshire, where records show that a control structure built at the outlet of Massabesic Lake in 1738 increased the storage ca­ pacity of the lake by 19,000 acre-feet. This early development was made originally to operate a gristmill and sawmill, but most of the earlier reservoirs of large size were built to insure adequate wa­ ter supplies for the canal systems in use during the first half of the 19th century. Although some of these old reservoirs are still used to supply canals, many are now used only for recreation and their original purpose is all but forgotten. The latter part of the 19th century saw an appreciable increase in reservoir construction for municipal supplies. The water needs of rapidly growing cities of the East were outstripping their local supplies, and the construction of storage reservoirs was under­ taken.

One of the earliest large reservoirs for navigation was Cayuga Lake in New York, where a dam was built about 1825 to raise the level of the lake and provide supplemental water for the Erie Ca- nel. Also constructed about the same time was the outlet struc­ ture for Lake Drummond in Virginia to provide water for slack- season navigation. In the 19th century the growth of reservoir 8 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY capacity for navigation was slow, and in the last half of the century many of these reservoirs were abandoned. During the past 20 years, however, outstanding growth has taken place with the com­ pletion of multipurpose projects having substantial allocations for navigation. Such projects in the Missouri and Tennessee River basins have accounted for most of this growth. Many reservoirs have also been created by dams constructed specifically to main­ tain navigable depths on streams such as the Ohio and upper Mis­ sissippi Rivers; they are not included in this compilation because they are not storage reservoirs in the usual sense of storing wa­ ter for later release.

The following list of reservoirs are all those in the United States having usable capacities of 2 million acre-feet or more, in order of size. All of the 21 reservoirs are multipurpose, and all are in public ownership. On January 1, 1947, there were only 9 multipurpose reservoirs having usable capacities of 2 million acre-feet or more. The increase to 21 exemplifies the trend to­ ward large multipurpose projects in recent years. Reservoirs in the United States having usable capacities of 2 million acre-feet or more. Usable capacity Reservoir . (acre-feet) Lake Mead, Arizona and Nevada...... 27, 207, 000 Garrison, North Dakota a/...... b 18, 100, 000 Oahe, South Dakota a/...... b 17, 000, 000 Fort Peck, Montana ...... 14,900,000 Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington ... 5, 071, 700 Fort Randall, South Dakota a/...... b 4, 900, 000 Lake Texoma, Oklahoma and Texas...... 4, 496, 000 Bull Shoals, Arkansas ...... 4, 440, 000 Shasta, California ...... 4, 377, 300 Wolf Creek, Kentucky ...... 4, 236, 000 Kentucky, Kentucky ...... 4, 010, 800 Falcon, Texas...... 3,785,000 Table Rock, Missouri a/ ...... b 3, 462, 000 Hungry Horse, Montana ...... 2,982,000 Texarkana, Texas a/...... b 2,654,000 Lake Ouachita, Arkansas a/...... b 2, 602, 000 Norris, Tennessee...... 2,281,000 Tuttle Creek, Kansas c_/...... b 2, 280, 000 Elephant Butte, New Mexico ...... 2, 185, 400 John H. Kerr, Virginia a^/ ...... b 2, 110, 500 Canyon Ferry, Montana ...... 2,043,000 a Under construction as of January 1, 1954. b When completed. c Construction started but further work had been suspended as of January 1, 1954. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 9

As it is common practice in some regions of the United States to express reservoir capacities in units other than acre-feet, the following conversion factors may be useful:

1 acre-foot = 0. 3259 million gallons 1 acre-foot = 0. 04356 million cubic feet I acre-foot = 0. 5042 cubic foot per second per day

Of the privately-owned reservoirs, the largest is Lake Murray in South Carolina, completed in 1930 for power and having a usa­ ble capacity of 1, 614,000 acre-feet. Among the reservoirs used primarily for municipal purposes, Quabbin Reservoir in Massa­ chusetts, completed in 1939, holds first rank with a usable capa­ city of 1, 279, 000 acre-feet.

Several features are apparent from the chart in figure 3 show­ ing number and average capacity of reservoirs constructed by de­ cades. The greatest increase in the number of reservoirs con­ structed during a decade was in the period that ended in 1909, and was almost entirely due to the large numbers of reservoirs that were built for irrigation in that decade, following the Reclamation (Newlands) Act of 1902. Countless reservoirs of less than 5,000 acre-feet capacity were also built during that same period as the developers of the West sought to utilize water supplies for irri­ gation.

Most of the multiple-use reservoirs have had their inception since 1930, and since then there has been a major change in size. The average capacity of all reservoirs exceeding 5, 000 acre-feet was about 68,000 acre-feet at the end of 1929, and by the end of 1949 it had increased to about 150,000 acre-feet. However, as shown in figure 3, the average capacity of reservoirs built in the decade 1930-39 was about 278,000 acre-feet; a moderate increase took place during the 1940-49 decade. Since 1950 the trend toward larger reservoirs has been even more pronounced; the 158 reser­ voirs of more than 5, 000 acre-feet capacity completed during the period 1950-53 or under construction on January 1, 1954,have an average capacity of about 680,000 acre-feet.

Technical advances have made feasible the construction of large projects that had long been known to be desirable but hith­ erto had been considered impracticable from the standpoint of de­ sign. Thus as the number of reservoir sites available for econo­ mic development decreased and the demand for storage capacity for various uses increased, it was practical and necessary to re­ sort to reservoirs of a much larger size than those previously constructed. 10 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

XX EXPLANATION XX H- Ul UJ o u. 0 Number of Average XX reservo rs p/JvX*1 usable XX Ul nH V^x -1,000 g a. SNV < ^'/' ^ u. XX /j ^NX o r) x\ CO Q XX S9TWI oc ty V, . artn 5 THOUSAfyIN, COMPLETED XX XX x\ XX xx xx> \ I xx \ x\ y/ y/ ty xx 4. '/. 'xx CO ffi// iy/ y, // v. H-

RESERVOIR XX XX 1 < H- 8 I I y/ -400 o ! % ^ v/ s Ul // '/, // //, '// XX\ '//, X CO QL. y, ^ VXS ^ xx 6 >s -\X // % 50 y, _ >» // 1 S y/ ''/, AVERAGE xx^ XX r) XX' z XX' i XX y/, ^ ^ -xx XX XXN XX XXX \XN ^ i x\> T-l XX' n l \ \1 1 \i I ^ i

Figure 3. --Number and average capacity of reservoirs constructed 1870-1953 and under construction on January 1, 1954.

Federally-sponsored conservation programs may result in an increasing number of reservoirs having less than 5,000 acre-feet of capacity. The Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954, Public Law 566, 83d Congress, 2d Session, authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to cooperate with State and local a- gencies in the planning and carrying out of works of improvement for conservation, development, utilization, and disposal of water and for the prevention of erosion, floodwater, and sediment dam­ ages. Works of improvement, as defined by the act, are those in watershed or subwatershed areas not exceeding 250,000 acres and not including any single structure that provides more than 5,000 acre-feet of total capacity. Storage facilities provided by smaller reservoirs are considered to be of minor importance at the pre­ sent time (1954), and reservoirs having less than 5, 000 acre-feet of capacity are not included in this compilation. However, if the program authorized by the act should be implemented, many res­ ervoirs having a capacity of less than 5,000 acre-feet may be con­ structed and smaller reservoirs could achieve greater importance in water control and utilization. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 11

EXPLANATION OF COMPILED DATA

Descriptive data on reservoirs are shown in table 1, pages to . Reservoirs are listed alphabetically by States. The list includes reservoirs completed or under construction on January 1, 1954, having a total capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more and natural lakes having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more. It will be noted that a majority of the reservoirs listed in Geolog­ ical Survey Circular 23 (Harbeck, 1948) have not been resur- veyed, and the data shown herein for such reservoirs have not been changed. However, new surveys have been made at many reservoirs to determine current data on storage and the rate of sedimentation. The results of the latest available survey are given in table 1, except in a few instances where the owner or op­ erator indicated that the results were not of sufficient accuracy to warrant a revision of previously published data. At some res­ ervoirs the operating conditions have been changed since 1947 or major construction work affecting the capacity has been per­ formed. Data shown in the table also reflect these changes.

Generally, data shown in table 1 for reservoirs completed since 1947 are based on the original survey. These reservoirs repre­ sent additions to the compilation published in 1948. It should be understood that the information shown for reservoirs under con­ struction on January 1, 1954, is based on the premise that the reservoir will be completed in accordance with owner's plans.

Name of Reservoir and Stream

Reservoirs are listed alphabetically within each State. If the reservoir is on a boundary stream, it is listed under the States bound. This duplication should be taken into account in any sum­ mation studies. If the stream on which the reservoir is situated flows across a State line, and merely backwater from the dam ex­ tends across that line, the reservoir is listed under the name of the State in which the dam or outlet structure is situated.

The name used is the latest legal name of the reservoir. The name of the dam, if widely known, is given parenthetically if it differs from the name of the reservoir. The water supply is gen­ erally derived from the stream on which the reservoir is situated. However, some reservoirs are on minor tributaries and are filled by diversions from the main streams. In such instances, the name of the stream furnishing the main supply is given, and the off- stream location of the reservoir is shown in a footnote. A few reservoirs are situated on small unnamed streams, and the names of the streams to which *he small streams are tributary aregivenj with an explanatory footnote.

370374 O - 56 - Z 12 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

Location

The location shown is that of the dam or control works and is given by drainage basin index number and geographic or landline location.

The basin index number, made up of figures and letters, re­ fers to the drainage area subdivision as shown in plate 1 which is the same as plate 2 of Water-Supply Paper 995 (Jones and Helland, 1948). The figures in the basin index number identify the major areas that form the great drainage basins of the country, as clas­ sified and used by the Geological Survey before 1914. In thatyear Part 12, originally the North Pacific basins, was further subdi­ vided into Part 12, Pacific slope basins in Washington and Upper Columbia River Basin, Part 13, Snake River Basin, and Part 14, Pacific slope basins in Oregon and Lower Columbia River Basin, for reporting the annual surface-water supply, but the basin index number used in this compilation is based on the original deline­ ation of Part 12.

The primary drainage basins are subdivided as follows (Jones and Helland, 1948, p. 3): "Each major area is divided into inter­ mediate areas conforming to its dominant drainage systems and designated 12A, 12B, etc., the number in the designation being that of the major area and the letter referring to a specific inter­ mediate area within it. The intermediate areas are further di­ vided into minor areas, each designated by the number of the major area, the letter of the intermediate area, and a final letter distinguishing it from adjacent minor areas, as 12FA, 12FB. Each drainage division is lettered in order from the upper reaches of the basin to the lower. "

The geographic or landline location of the dam is also given. In States east of the Mississippi River and in Texas, geographic locations are shown to the nearest minute of latitude andlongitude. In States west of the Mississippi River (except Texas), landline locations are given by township and range. The reference merid­ ian for landline location is not given, for no confusion should re­ sult by reason of the omission. In the unsurveyed areas of the West, location by township and range are shown, based on approxi­ mate extension of existing survey lines.

Drainage Area

The drainage area at the dam is given where available and ap­ plicable. In off-stream reservoirs the drainage area is omitted, as the diversion into the reservoir does not necessarily bear any relation to the flow of the main stream. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 13 Dead Storagv

Dead storage is the volume below the lowest controllable level. For some reservoirs, the dead-storage figure shown (and gener­ ally footnoted accordingly) is the dead storage volume under nor­ mal operating conditions. Many pbwerdams have sluiceways well below the lower limit of drawdown for power production. While in a strict sense this stored water is controllable and is available for release, it would not be released under normal operating con­ ditions. The lower limit of drawdownfor many multipurpose res­ ervoirs is governed by the requirements of navigation, recrea­ tion, or conservation, and in some cases has been established by judicial decree or by agreements between the owners and other parties concerned. Control structures have also been erected at the outlets of many natural lakes. Volumes of dead storage for such reservoirs are usually unknown and of little or no practical interest. Total Storage

Total storage is the volume below the maximum controllable level and includes dead storage. For a dam with anungated over­ flow spillway, it is the total volume below spillway level. Obvi­ ously when there is flow over the spillway, the total volume of stored water exceeds the total capacity, but the uncontrollable ex­ cess is excluded from consideration in this compilatiori. Many dams have been designed to allow temporary detention of a con­ siderable volume of flood water above the ungated spillway level. Although such storage capacity is of great value in reducing flood peaks, it is not considered in the volumes of total storage listed in this compilation, for it is not controllable, to be held or re­ leased according to the desires of the operator. For a dam with a gated spillway the maximum controllable level maybe consider­ ably above the spillway level, and may be dictated by consider­ ations other than any physical feature of the dam, such as by a judicial decree. Usable Storage

Usable storage is the volume normally available for release from a reservoir below the stage of the maximum controllable level. For power and irrigation reservoirs, this definition is ad­ equate. For a flood-control reservoir the surcharge or super- storage is excluded from usable storage although recognized and allowed for in the design of the dam and reservoir. For multi­ purpose reservoirs the volume available for release maybe dic­ tated by allocations for various uses, but suchcomplicatiqns have not been considered in this compilation. If flashboards* are used, the volumes with and without flashboards are given if th3 figures are available. 14 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

Surface Area

The surface area is the area of the reservoir in acres at the elevation of the maximum controllable level, generally without flashboards.

Storage Ratio

The storage ratio is defined as the ratio of usable capacity to average annual runoff. It is expressed in years, and represents the time required, assuming average runoff, to impound a volume of water equal to the usable capacity. Conversely, the storage ratio also shows the time required to release the usable contents from a reservoir if average natural rates of flow were maintained and there were no inflow. The storage ratio conception was intro­ duced by Hazen (1914) in his analysis of storage capacity required for reservoirs for municipal water supply.

In order to compute the storage ratio it was necessary to esti­ mate average annualflow at most dams. Where long-term gaging- station records of outflow at the dam or flow at a point not too dis­ tant upstream or downstream are available, computed storage ra­ tios are reasonably accurate. Where such records were unavail­ able, estimates of average annual flow were usually made on the basis of comparison with gaged streams nearby. Such estimates may be considerably in error, but they are considered adequate for the purpose of computing the storage ratio, which is generally given to only one or two significant figures. Estimates were not made when the paucity of data precluded even rough approximations of average runoff or when the storage ratio would not be mean­ ingful, as in the case of an off-stream reservoir filled by diver­ sion from the main stream. Storage ratios have been omitted for those reservoirs in the Tennessee River basin where the ratio is not representative owing to appreciable upstream storage in the same watershed.

In many reservoirs, particularly those on the larger rivers, the total volume of water that may be stored is but a small frac­ tion of the total runoff. A lower limit storage ratio of 0.05 years, or about 18 days, was chosen, and storage ratios of less than this amount are shown as "<0.05. " The storage ratios shown are intended only as indicators of the storage capacity of the reservoir as compared with average flow of the stream and are not to be considered as estimates of the an­ nual runoff in themselves.

Date Completed

The "date completed" is the year in which construction of the dam was completed. Often storage began during construction, and RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 15 cae beginning oi effect of the reservoir on streamflow therefore antedates the completion of the dam,particularly the largeij* works. When two dates are shown, the first is the date of completion and the second the date of completion of changes that affecfted the storage capacity appreciably, such as the raising of the dam or the addition of gates. At a few reservoirs where many changes have been made, the date of only the most important'change has been given. Reservoirs under construction as of January 1, 1954, are indicated by the words "under construction" in partly abbre­ viated form in the table.

Use

Classifications of use have been arbitrarily made and a.re indi­ cated in table 1. .For multipurpose reservoirs, the symbol for each major use was listed in alphabetical order, not in order of importance. For many of the older reservoirs that no longer serve their original purpose the present-day use is shoWn. For example, some reservoirs originally built for log driving are now used only for recreation or have had power generating equipment installed.

Owner or Operator

The name of the owner or operator is shown in table 1. Gen­ erally the owner and operator are the same; however, mariy west­ ern reservoirs that were built by the Bureau of Reclamation are operated by water users associations. The name of the owner or operator may prove of assistance in obtaining more data on any particular reservoir than are given in this compilation.

Storage Records Published

If records of storage are published, the name of the publication in which they appear is shown. As is generally known, the Geological Survey publishes water-supply papers containing streamflow or reservoir storage data at almost 6, 800 locations in the United States. Most of these are streamflow stations, but many records of reservoir contents are published. Data lor each water year (October 1 to September 30) beginning in 1914 have been published in 14 parts, each part being a major drainage ba­ sin. It will be noted that the part number given under 'fStorage records published" corresponds to the delineation of th£ major drainage basins after Part 12 was further subdivided into Parts 12, 13, and 14 in 1914. Unpublished storage records fdr many reservoirs are available from the operator. 16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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-HrHdjO303«)«) 1 PQPQC5OOJJJ ARIZONA Township Apache Lake (Horse Mesa) 9NA T. 3 N. 5,940 0 245,000 245,000 2,600 * .3 1927 IP Salt River Valley Water WSP, Part 9 Salt River R. 10 E. Users Association. Bartlett 9MB T. 6 N. 6,160 0 179,500 179,500 2,768 .3 1939 PIM do. Do. Verde River R. 7 E. f Canyon Lake (Mormon Flat) 9NA T. 2 N. 6,100 neg. 57,900 57 , 900 950 .08 1925 IP do. Do. Salt River R. 9 E. Cave Creek; 9NC T. 4 N. 161 0 11,000 11,000 680 - 1923 F do. Cave Creek R. 3 E. Havaau Lake (Parker)* 9LB T. 3 N. 178,800 28,600 716,600 688,000 25,100 1938 FIMPR Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 9 Colorado River R. 27 E. b 500,100 216.500 < .05 Horseshoe 9MB T. 7 N. 5,970 0 142,800 142,800 2,719 a .3 1945 PIM Salt River Valley Water Do. Verde River R. 6 E. Users Association. Lake Mary (lower) 9JE T. 20 N. 119 neg. 7,978 7,978 838 - 1912 MR City of Flagstaff - Walnut Creek R. 8 E. Lake Mary (upper) 9JE T. 19 N. 84 neg. 16,576 16,576 1,058 - 1941 MR do. .... R. 8 E. 1951 Lake Mead (Hoover Dam) * 9LB T. 30 N. 167,800 2,620,000 29 , 827 ,000 27,207,000 146,500 2.1 1936 FIMPR Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 9 Colorado River R. 23 W. Lake Mohave (Da via) * 9LB T. 21 N. 169,300 8,530 1,318,300 1,809,800 28,180 .2 1949 FPR do. Do. Colorado River R. 21 W. Lake Pleasant (Prog Tanks) 9ND T. 6 N. 1,460 0 163,820 163,820 3,585 - 1927 I Marlcopa County Municipal Do. Agua^Frla River R. 1 E. Water Cons. Dlst.No. 1. Lake Show Low 9JA T. 9 N. 68.6 1,070 6,176 5,106 194 1953 I Phelps Dodge Corp. Show Low Creek R. 22 E. Lyman 9JA T. 11 N. 790 b 4,500 35 , 500 b 31,000 1,470 - '1920 I Little Colorado River R. 28 E. 1949 Many Farms 9GH T. 6 N. " 90 25,000 24,910 1,770 - 1939 I Bureau of Indian Affairs - Chlnlee Wash c/ R. 10 W. Roosevelt 9NA T. 4 N. 5,830 neg. 1,381,580 1,381,580 17,315 a 2.0 1911 PIP Salt River Valley Water WSP, Part 9 Salt River R. 12 E. Users Association. 9NA T. 3 N. 6,220 neg. 69 , 800 69,800 1,264 a .1 1930 IP do. Do. Salt River R. 8 E. San Carlos (Coolldge) 9MC T. 3 S. 12,890 3,834 1,208,800 1,205,000 19,580 - 1928 IP Bureau of Indian Affairs Do. Glla River R. 18 E. See footnotes at end of table Table 1. Reservoirs in the United States completed or under construction as of January 1, 1954, having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more Continued Loc ation Dead Total Latitude Drainage Usable Surface Storage Date Owner storage storage Storage records Name of reservoir Basin longi­ area storage area ratio Use or and stream (square (acre- (acre- (acre - published index tude or (acres) (years) pleted operator no. township miles) feet) feet) feet) (year) range ARKANSAS Township Bear Creek Lake 7GE T. 1 N. 5.7 0 9,200 9,200 520 2.3 1938 R - - Bear Creek R. 4 E. Blue Mountain 7FB T. 5 N. 488 25,000 258,000 233,000 11,000 .5 1947 CFR Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 7 o Petit Jean Creek R. 25 W. o Bull Shoals 7HA T. 20 N. 6,036 964,000 5,408,000 4,444,000 71,200 .9 1951 PPR do. Do. White River R. 15 W. Lake Catherine (Remmel) 7JA T. 3 S. 1,516 13,950 35,250 21,300 1,940 <.05 1925 P Arkansas Power and Light Co. - Ouachita River R. 18 W. Lake Fort Smith 7PB T. 11 N 74.4 1,200 12 , 100 10,900 438 .1 1936 M City of Fort Smith - Prog Bayou R. 30 W. H Lake Hamilton (Carpenter) 7JA T. 3 S. 1,441 70,560 190,120 119,560 7,195 a .07 1931 P Arkansas Power and Light Co. - o Ouachita River R. 18 W. * Lake Ouachita 7JA T. 2 S. 1,105 166,000 d 2,768,000 d 2,602,000 48,330 1.9 under FPR Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 7 Cfl Ouachita River R. 21 W. H Lake Winona 7JD T. 2 N. 43.5 4,600 43,000 38,400 1,240 M Alum Pork R. 17 W. O Narrows (Lake Greeson) 7JB T. 7 S. 237 t 78,000 408,000 b 330,000 9,800 1.1 1951 PPR Corps of Engineers - ffi Little Missouri River R. 25 W. *! Nimrod 7FC T. 4 N. 680 b 29,000 336,000 b 307,000 18,300 .5 1942 CFS Corps of Engineers O Pourche La Pave River R. 20 W. » Norfork 7HB T. 18 N. 1,806 b 544,200 1,983,000 1,438,800 30,700 1.1 1950 CPPR do. WSP, Part 7 O North Pork River R. 12 W. r Storm Creek Lake 7GE T. 1 S. 9.3 0 7,650 7,650 510 a 1.3 1939 R ...... o Storm Creek R. 5 E.

CALIFORNIA Alpine 11EL T. 1 N. 10.5 448 8,892 8,444 215 .6 1917 M Marin Municipal Water .... Lagunitas Creek R. 7 W. District. Anderson- 1100 T. 9 S. 193 neg. 75,000 75,000 980 - 1951 I Santa Clara County Water Coyote Creek R . 3 E. Austrian 1100 T. 9 S. 10.0 neg. 6,000 6,000 110 - 1950 M City of San Jose .... Los Gatos Creek R. 1 W. M' Barrett 110 A T. 17 S. 250 1,060 b e 42,796 b e 41,736 861 - 1922 City of San Diego Cottonwood Creek R. 3 E. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 19

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(UpperEnglebrightHarryL. CALIFORNIA--Continued (O'Shaughnessy)HetehyHetch l-l If flj FeatherN.Fk.River (Parker)*LakeHavasu i* J IndependenceCreek RiverSacramento RiverCalaveras IndependenceLake II LagunitasCreek LafayetteCreek | ColoradoRiver TuolumneRiver HuntingtonLake MerrillCreek c3 g Q O fn 01 > )Narrows YubaRiver KernRiver LakeAlmanor rH H 1Isabella II z CreekBig KentLake Lafayette FlatHog C d Keswick 0 c 0 C Hogan a s Q) -H (U -H E OT 3 3^ Lake Curry 11DO T. 6 H. 16.7 86 10,700 10,614 419 4.2 1926 M City of Vallejo .... Gordon Valley Creek R. 2 W. Lake Dwlnnell 11 AF T. 43 N. 139 a 1,000 a b 31,000 b 30,000 1,500 - 1928 IM Montague Water Conservation Shasta River Water- Shasta River R. 5 W. District. master Service Area Reports. Lake Eleanor 11PM T. 1 H. 79.0 282 21,500 21,218 916 .2 1918 MF City and County of WSP, Part 11 Eleanor Creek R. 19 E. e 25, 868 San Francisco. Lake Fordyce 11CK T. 18 H. 30.2 a 120 42,768 42,648 670 1873 P Pacific qas & Electric Co. Fordyce Creek R. 13 E. e 46,542 1926 1 Lake Hemet HOD T. 6 S 66 neg. 11,702 11,702 466 1.7 1893 I Lake Hemet Water Co. W S. Fk. San Jaclnto River R. 3 E. 1923 Lake Hennessey 11EL T. 7 H. 52 0 30,500 30,500 800 1.2 1945 M City of Napa

See footnotes at end of table. 28 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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o o Table 1. Reservoirs In the United States completed or under construction as of January 1, 1954, having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more Continued Location Latitude Drainage Dead Total Usable Surface Storage Date Owner Name of reservoir Basin longi­ area storage storage storage com­ Storage records (acre- (acre- (acre- area ratio Use and stream index tude or (square (acres) (years) pleted operator published no. township miles) feet) feet) feet) (year) range MAINE Continued « Mllllnocket Lake 1BE 45 44 106 - -- 56,000 8, 928 a 0.4 - P Great Northern Paper Co. Mllllnocket Stream 68 44 Milton, Northeast, Town House 1DJ 43 25 120 " " 16,200 a .1 - P Public Service Co. of o Ponds.* 70 59 New Hampshire. o Salmon Falls River 2! Moose Pond IDE 43 58 " -- " 16,300 1,660 - - P Moose Pond Brook 70 49 H iS) i Moose Pond ICE 44 54 235 -- - 24,000 3,520 a .1 - P Sebastlcook River 69 29 dd Moosehead Lake 1CB 45 35 1,240 0 544,900 544,900 74,200 .4 before LP Kennebec Log Driving Co. WSP, Part 1 d Kennebec River 69 43 1840 iH i Mooselookmegunltlc Lake (Upper IDA 44 53 405 0 192,000 192,000 16,600 a .4 - LP Union Water Power Co. Do. O Dam) 70 52 2! Rapid River f/ Cfl Mousan Lake 1DH 43 30 31.0 9,450 705 a .3 - P Sanford Mills Mousan River 70 51 Moxle Pond 1CB 45 21 89 0 14,700 14,700 1,740 a .2 - LP Great Northern Paper Co. WSP, Part 1 Moxie Stream 69 52 North Twin Lake 1BE 45 39 1,864 -- - 344,000 a .2 - LP do. Do. W. Branch Penobscot River 68 47 a Onawa Lake 1BH 45 22 80 -- -- 7,000 1,420 - - L » Long Pond Stream 69 22 a Panther and Rattlesnake Ponds 1DD 43 54 30 9,300 2,210 a .3 - - S. D. Warren Co. r Panther Run 70 28 o Farmachemee Lake IDA 45 08 105 -- 10,200 960 a .06 - L Brown Co. a Magalloway River 70 58

Penobscot River system 1BK 45 53 1,410 -- -- 919,000 a .5 1917 LP Great Northern Paper Co. WSP, Part 1 W. Branch Penobscot River 1BD 69 10 Pleasant Lake and Parker Pond 1DD 44 01 10.1 " " 6,150 1,230 a .6 - P S. D. Warren Co. Crooked River %J 70 32 Rangeley Lake IDA 44 58 90 25,700 e 56,400 e 30,700 6,250 a .2 1880a LP Union Water Power Co. WSP, Part 1 Rangeley Stream 70 46 Sabattus Pond 1DC 44 07 35 -- 17,500 2,918 a .4 - - Sabattus River 70 06 RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 45

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Liberty 1RJ 39 23 164 " d 132,975 d 129,115 3,110 1.0 under M City of Baltimore N. Branch Fatapsco River 76 53 const . w Loch Raven 1RJ 39 26 303 242 72,700 72,500 2,391 .2 1914 M do. 3 Gunpowder Falls 76 32 1922 H Prettyboy 1RJ 39 37 80 -- 60,990 b 60,280 1,498 a .8 1933 M do. Gunpowder Falls 76 42 O Rooky Gorge 1RL 39 07 132 " d 18,360 d 18,110 773 .2 under MR Washington Suburban Patuxent River 76 52 const . Sanitary Commission. Savage River ISA 39 30 105 -- 20,000 20,000 360 .2 1952 F Upper Potomac River H Savage River 79 08 Commission. O MASSACHUSETTS ffi Assawompset, Pocksha, Great ' 1FC 41 51 26.0 " 45,683 >5,000 4,166 - - M Cities of Taunton and .... Qulttacas, and Little 70 55 New Bedford. Quittacas Ponds. Nemasket River headwaters Birch Hill 1GK 42 38 175 0 49,900 49,900 3,200 a .2 1941 F Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 1 o Millers River 72 07 r Borden Brook 1GN 42 08 8.0 0 7,897 7,897 214 a .7 1909 MP City of Springfield Do. o Borden Brook 72 56 Cambridge 1PA 42 24' 6.93 " " 9,175 461 - 1897 M City of Cambridge Hobbs Brook 71 16 Cobble Mountain 1GN 42 07 45.8 26 70,019 69,993 1,134 1.1 1931 MP do. WSP, Part 1 Westfleld Little River 72 53 Knlghtvllle 1GN 42 17 162 0 48,900 48,900 960 .2 1941 FP Corps of Engineers Do. ' Westfleld River 72 52 Lake Coohlchewlck 1EG 42 41 526 11,046 564 ~ ~ M City of North Andover .... Merrlmao River g/ 71 06 RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 47

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Enid 7PB 34 09 560 b 57,600 660,000 b 602,400 28,000 1.0 1953 PR do. Do. Yocona River 89 54 Grenada 7PD 33 49 1,320 85,700 d 1,337,400 bdl,251,700 64,600 .8 under F do. Do. Yalobusha River 89 46 const . Sardls 7FB 34 24 1,545 b 91,900 1,569,900 ) 1,478,000 58,500 1.1 1940 FR do. Do. Tallahatohie River 89 47 MISSOURI ' Township Clearwater 7HC r. as N. 898 b 21,920 413,700 b 391,780 10,350 .5 1948 FR do. Do. Black River R. 3 W. Lake of the Ozarks (Bagnell) 6SH I. 40 N. 14,000 727,000 1,973,000 1,246,000 59,700 .2 1931 P Union Electric Co. of WSP, Part 6 Osage River R. 15 W. Missouri. Lake Taneyoomo 7HA I. 23 N. 4,562 -- 23,714 -- 2,200 <.05 1913 P Empire District Electric - White River R. 20 W. Co. Table Rock 7HA T. 22 N. 4,020 0 1 3,462,000 1 3,462,000 152 ,300 1 1.0 under FP Corps of Engineers - White River R. 22 W. const . Wappapello 70E P. 26 N. 1,310 4,000 625,000 621,000 23,000 .5 1941 FP do. WSP, Part 7 St. Francis River R. 7 E. b 38,600 b 586,400 MONT AHA Ackley Lake 6CC T. 14 N. " 325 6,142 5,820 241 - 1938 I Ackley Lake Water Users WSP, Part 6 Judith River a/ R. 14 E. Association. See footnotes at end of table. 52 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

recordsorage cu r-t CD 1 rH published i ft £ £ 18 I a a a a 0) 0) HI I 1 1 I

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ofNamereservoir N.ForkMusselshellRiver MONTANAContinued andstream (SwiftDam)BirchCreek g« s! o/CreekBadger CreekFrenchman AshleyCreek I I § ?! i BirchCreek o >»rt * *K * LakeAshley 5 SH bO fQ & PH O m w >! c a a t< HornsPour 1H £ Frenchman c *! 3° 5 g^ Durand *s C H o o c « *o .3 E H «J -P rH £ gt g| || S rt Ort «J S rH fQ O 0 5 S H iS fc. fc. Georgetown Lake 12BC T. 5 N. 50.1 _ _ 31,000 3,000 . 1905 PW Montana Power Co. WSP, Part 12 .Flint Creek R. 13 W. Gib son 6BK T. 21 N. _ 0 105,000 105,000 1,360 .2 1929 I Oreenflelds Irrigation WSP, Part 6 Sun River R. 9 W. 1940 District. Hauser Lake SBC T. 12 N. __ _. _ 52,090 3,800 _ 1907 P Montana Power Co. Do. Missouri River R. 2 W. V Hebgen 6AK T. 11 S. 904 e 345,000 13,400 a .6 1915 P do. ^^ * Pj Madison River R. 3 E. CO Holter 6BD T. 14 N. 16,900 158,500 240,400 81,900 4,800 . 1918 P do. Do. £rj Missouri River R. 3 W. *ti Hubbart 12CG T. 25 N. 114 0 12,100 12,100 460 _ 1923 I Bureau of Indian Affairs WSP, Part 12 <* Little Bitterroot River R. 24 W. o Hungry Horse 12CD T. 30 N. 1,640 40,140 3,468,000 3,428,000 23,750 1.5 1952 FIP Bureau of Reclamation Do. totj South Fork Flathead River R. 19 W. b 486,040 b 2,982,000 CO Kicking Horse 12CH T. 20 N. 8,350 800 - 1930 I Bureau of Indian Affairs Do. t_t Supplied by canals R. 19 W. >^t Lake Adam 6FD T. 3 N. _ _ _ 5,720 585 . 1912 I Big Timber Land Co. Sweetgrass Creek c/ R. 15 E. ffl Lake Frances 6BR T. 29 N. 112 ,000 5,536 . 1913a I Vall^r Land Sc Water Co. WSP, Part 6 [~J Depuyer and Birch Creeks c/ R. 5 W. 1927 H Lake Helena SBC T. 11 N. _ _ _ 10,450 2,100 . 1945 CPR .... cj Missouri River R. 2 W Lake Walvoord 6FD T. 3 N. _ _ _ 9,710 768 _ 1912 I Big Timber Land Co. , Sweetgrass Creek c/ R. 15 E. ~ Lima 6AA T. 14 S. 560 a 84,000 a 6,400 a .7 1902 I Water Users Irrigation Co. W Red Rock River R. 6 W. 1934 » Little Bitterroot Lake 12CG T. 27 N. 31.8 _ _ 24,000 2,994 a 6.0 1945 I Bureau of Indian Affairs WSP, Part 12 CO Little Bitterroot River R. 24 W. h"3 Lower Crow 12CH T. 20 N. .. 0 10,350 10,350 344 a .3 1933 I do. Do. > Crow Creek R. 21 W. H Lower Jocko Lake 12CH T. 17 N. 7.4 _ _ 7,600 124 a .3 1937 I do. Do. W Middle Fork Jocko River R. 17 W. Lower Two Medicine Lake SBR T. 32 N. _ _ _ 13,490 806 . 1913 I do. WSP, Part 6 Two Medicine River R. 13 W. e 16,620 McDonald 12CH T. 19 N. _ _ _ 7,125 200 a .2 1920 I do. WSP, Part 12 Post Creek R. 19 W. e 8,225 Martinsdale 6CF T. 8 N. ._ 80 23,185 23,100 985 _ 1939 I Upper Musselshell Water WSP, Part 6 S. Fk. Musselshell River c/ R. 12 E. Users Association. See footnotes at end of table. .co 54 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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FlatWillowElkandCreeks (WhiteSulphur)RiverSmith Nameofreservoir i andstream MONTANAContinued 3 SwlftcurrentCreek WestRosebudCreek t c/FlatheadRiver o/PlatheadRiver RiverMissouri HyaliteCreek MissionCreek S/RiverMilk NevadaCreek £ SherburneLake FallsThompson I SmithRiver MiddleCreek MysticLake NevadaCreek 1 ClarkPork Mission Nlneplpe Petrolla Morony Nelson 5 3 al Fablo rH« 3* |f P6-" Tiber 6BU T. 30 N. 4,375 b d 575, 000 d 1,337,000 b d 762,000 d22,180 1.2 under FIH Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 Marias River R. 5 E. const. Tongue River 6GD T. 8 S. 1,700 1,400 69,439 68,000 3,732 .2 1939 I Tongue River Water Users Do. Tongue River R. 40 E Association. Warhouse Lake (War horse) 6CJ T. 16 N. _ 0 23,800 23,800 _ . 1916a I Wlnnett Irrigation Co. .___ Buffalo Creek e/ R. 25 E. 1938 hrt West Fork Bltterroot 12BH T. 1 S. 317 656 32,362 31,710 650 _ 1940 I West Fork Water Users WSP, Part 12 LL W. Fork Bitterroot River R. 22 W. Association. ra CO Willow Creek 6HN T. 8 S. -- 0 23,000 23,000 750 _ 1942 I Bureau of Indian Affairs Hi_j Lodgegrass Creek c/ R. 34 E. Willow Creek 6BK T. 21 N. -- 0 32,300 32,300 1,450 - 1911 I Oreenfields Irrigation WSP, Part 6 ^ Sun River c/ R. 6 W. 1941 District. Willow Creek 6 AH T. 1 S. _ 269 18,000 17,730 850 _ 1938 I Willow Creek Water Users DO. a Willow Creek R. 1 W. Association. SO CO NEBRASKA Box Butte 6LJ T. 29 N. 1,260 640 b 31,100 b 30,460 1,600 1.1 1946 IR Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6; ^ Nlobrara River R. 49 W. Reports of State Engineer. I-J Enders 6RL T. 5 N. 820 8,470 u 44,480 u 36,010 2,560 .7 1949 FIR do. 130 5 Frenchman Creek R. 37 W. M Oavlns Point * 6LN T. 33 'N. 275,000 155,000 d 540,000 d 385,000 17 ,000 <.05 under FINPR Corps of Engineers WSP , Part 6 d/ ^ Missouri River R. 4 W. const. 2 Harlan County 6RP T. 1 N. 14,127 0 850,000 850,000 22,800 1.6 1952 FIR do. WSP, Part 6j 'T* Republican River R. 17 W. Reports of State ("J Engineer. M Harry Strunk Lake 6RM T. 5 N. 850 5,37O 39,230 33,860 4,820 .5 1949 FIR Bureau of Reclamation Do. O Medicine Creek R. 26 W. CO Jeffrey Canyon 6MA T. 12 N. _ 4,300 11,500 7,200 620 - 1941 IP Central Nebraska Public h->] Platte River e/ R. 27 W. Power & Irrigation District. > _ 2,420 _ 1941 IP Johnson 6MA T. 9 N. 18,000 54,000 36,000 do. ~~~~ MIM| Platte River e/ R. 22 W. CO Lake Alice (upper and lower) 6NN T. 23 N. _ 0 11,400 11,400 1,684 - 1912 I Bureau of Reclamation Pathfinder Irrig. North Platte River c/ R. 54 W. District Report. Lake Baboock 6HO T. 17 N. _ 600 5,270 4,600 900 . 1936 P Loup River Public Power Loup River c/ R. 1 E. District. Lake Maloney 6NA T. 12 N. _ b 9,650 21,600 b 11,950 1,670 . 1935 P Platte Valley Public Power N. Platte, S. Platte Rivers e/ R. 30 W. and Irrigation District.

See footnotes at end of tabl s. tn Ui CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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t T\ ^ ^ S ^ flj ^ S > 2 *s (S rH g g f d rl P u u a .1 " £ s S h S 0 ^ 0 . 0 d ^ d 0) J^ i S S DO) V i> a NORTH HlwasseeRl PeeRlvDee (Bridgewater Catawbaand N.ForkSwa HlwasseeRi LittleTenn LittleTenn 9) ^ CatawbaRlv Tuckasegee CedarCliff « "g 1^ PearCreek Tuckasegee Mt.Island z Apalachia «S ^S "5 Blewett Burnett Chatuge Fontana Cheoah PX a PS 2 £S g« 35 a 3 u k d o HJ to 5 mH £d ^ta Si*, go « X s 3 .J Nantahala 3TN 35 12 91.0 b 11,900 137,300 b 125,500 1,605 .5 194,2 P Nantahala Power and Light Operation of TVA Nantahala River 83 39 Co. Reservoirs; WSP, Part 3. Harrows 2FD 35 25 4,160 86,088 241,000 154,912 5,973 <.05 1917 P Carolina Aluminum Co. WSP, Part 2 Yadkln River 80 05 Oxford 2GB 35 49 1,310 75,184 127,479 52,295 4,110 <.05 1928 P Duke Power Co. Catawba River 81 12 Rhodlss 2GA 35 46 . 1,088 33,783 73,200 39,417 3,515 <.05 1924 P do. Catawba River 81 26 1 Roanoke Rapids 2CF 36 29 8,395 h 85,000 h 26,000 4,900 <.05 under P Virginia Electric & M Roanoke River 77 40 const. Power Co. SI Santeetlah 3TP 35 23 176 b 24,200 156,300 b 132,100 2,850 .4 1927 PR Aluminum Co. of America Operation of TVA ^ Cheoah River 83 53 Reservoirs; WSP, ^J Part 3. O Thorpe (formerly Glenvllle) 3TO 35 12 36.7 b 3,940 71,110 b 67,170 1,462 .8 1941 P Nantahala Power and Light Do. SI W. Fork Tuckasegee River 83 09 Co. cn Tlllery (Horwood) 2FD 35 12 4,600 29,800 167,000 137,200 5,000 <,05 1928 P Carolina Power and Light h- 1 Yadkln River 80 03 Co. Walters 3TH 35 42 455 b 4,780 25,280 b 20,500 340 <.05 1929 P do. Pigeon River 83 03 M HORTH DAKOTA Township W Arrowwood Lake 6LO t.144 N. 12.0 " 8,450 1,600 - 1932 C James River R. 64 W. § Dam Ho. 320 5RE T.159 N. 0 9,890 9,890 a 3,000 1935 C Fish and Wildlife Service Sourls River R. 77 W. H Dam Ho. 326 5RE T.160 H. 0 5,958 5,958 a 2,500 - 1935 C do. - g Sourls River R. 78 W. Dam Ho. 332 5RQ T.160 H. " 0 5,371 5,371 - 1935 C do. cn Sourls River R. 78 W. H Dam Ho. 357 (Westhope Dam) 5RQ T.164 H. 17,600 0 19,790 19,790 a 2,500 1937 C do. Sourls River R. 79 W. H Des Lacs Dam Ho. 2, Upper Lake 5RC T.160 H. 55,000 >4,000 - C do. M Des Lacs River R. 88 W. cn Dlcklnson 6JM T.139 N. 400 1,100 7,000 5,900 867 - 1950 FIM Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 Heart River R. 96 W. Garrison 6JJ T.146 N. 181,000 4,900,000 d23, 000,000 d!8,100,000 390,000 - under FIHPR Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 6 i/ Missouri River R. 84 W. const. Heart Butte 6JM T.136 H. 1,710 ' 6,800 75,500 68,700 3,400 .5 1949 FI Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 Heart River R. 89 W. See footnotes at end of table. O5cn 66 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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See footnotes at end of table. CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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See footnotes at end of table. y Table 1. Reservoirs In the United States completed or under construction as of January 1, 1954, having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more Continued Location Latitude Drainage Dead Total Usable Date Surface Storage com­ Owner Name of reservoir Basin longi­ area storage storage storage Use Storage records (acre - (acre- area ratio published and stream index tude or (square (acres) (years) pleted operator township miles) feet) feet) feet) (year) range PENNSYLVANIA Continued Loyalhanna Creek SAL 40 27 290 0 95,300 95,300 3,280 a 0.3 1942 F Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 3; Re­ Lcyalhanna Creek 79 27 b 2,035 b 93,265 ports , Pa . Dept . of Forests & Waters. O Mahonlng Creek 3AJ 40 55 340 100 74,200 74,100 2,370 a .2 1941 FR do. Do. o Mahonlng Creek 79 17 b 4,475 b 69,725 Ontelaunee 1MH 40 27 192 0 11,640 11,640 1,082 - 1935 M City of Reading Maiden Creek 75 56 Pikes Creek 1NM 41 16 11.1 0 9,026 9,026 399 - 1912 M Seranton-Sprlng Brook Pikes Creek 76 03 Water Service Co. Pine drove 1PH 39 48 140 0 8,590 8,590 669 - 1949 M Chester Municipal Authority Octoraro Creek 76 03 o Plney 3AF 41 12 951 15,900 28,900 13,000 690 <.05 1924 P Pennsylvania Electric Co. WSP, Part 3 Clarion River 79 26 CO2 Pymatunlng 3CC 41 30 158 10,155 198,200 b 159,900 16,722 1.3 1933 FRW Commonwealth of Do. Shenango River 80 28 Pennsylvania . H Quemahoning 3AK 40 11 92 0 32,766 32,766 1,100 - 1913 MW Manufacturers Water Co. O Quemahonlng Creek 78 57 e 36,000 e 36,000 Rays town 1PC 40 25 949 0 9,000 9,000 600 <.05 1911 P Pennsylvania Edison Co. ^3 Ray a town Branch Junlata River 78 01 o Safe Harbor 1PQ 39 56 28,117 - -- 68,871 7,328 <.OS 1931 P Safe Harbor Water Power Co. 50 Susquehanna River 76 23 O Shawnee 1PC 40 02 37.5 0 16,750 16,750 1,070 - 1950 FR Commonwealth of Shawnee Br. of Raystown Br. 78 37 b 3,750 ' b 13,000 Pennsylvania. S Junlata River. a Thomas W. Koon (Evltts Creek) 1SB 39 46 44.8 46 7,090 7,044 268 a .2 1932 M City of Cumberland, Md. and Evltts Creek 78 40 Evltts Creek Water Co. Tlonesta Creek SAD 41 28 478 0 133,400 133,400 2,770 .2 1941 FR Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 3; Re­ Tlonesta Creek 79 26 b 7,780 125,620 ports, Pa. Dept. of Forests & Waters, Wat re a 1HM 41 18 15.4 0 5,963 5,963 170 - 1925 M Seranton-Sprlng Brook Spring Brook 75 37 Water Service Co. Wild Creek 1LH 40 54 22.2 500 12,500 12,000 300 - 1941 M Bethlehem Municipal Water WSP, Part 1 Wild Creek 75 33 Authority. Youghlogheny River 3BJ 39 48 434 0 254,000 254,000 3,566 .4 1943 FRW Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 3; Re­ Youghlogheny River 79 22 b 5,230 b 248,770 ports, Pa. Dept. of Forests & Waters. RHODE ISLAND Flat River IFF 41 41 " " " 5,739 974 - 1875a P Fruit of the Loom Co. South Branch Pawtuxet River 71 35 M Soituate IFF 41 45 92.8 " -- 112,000 3,600 a 1.2 1926 M City of Providence CO Pawtuxet River 71 35 SOOTH CAROLINA SJ Clark Hill 2JH 33 40 6,140 1,170,000 2,900,000 1,730,000 78,500 .3 1952 PNP Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 2 S Savannah River 82 12 Catawba 2GC 35 01 3,020 87,695 237,879 150,184 12,455 a .06 1925 P Duke Power Co. 53 Catawba River 81 00 CO Fishing Creek 2GC 34 36 3,810 37,442 50,275 12,833 3,370 <.05 1916 P do. ___ HH Catawba River 80 53 1927 Lake Greenwood (Buzzards Roost) 2GL 34 10 1,150 b 80,000 e 271,000 b e 191,000 11,800 .1 1940 P Greenwood County Electric WSP, Part 2 HJj Saluda River 81 54 Power Commission. w Lake Marion 2HA 33 27 14,700 b 350,000 1,260,000 b 910,000 110,000 ad.l 1941 NP South Carolina Public Do. Jjj Santee River 80 10 Service Authority. Lake Moultrie 2HC 33 15 (ae) b 452,000 1,102,000 b 650,000 60,000 - 1941 NP do. Do. EJ Biggin Swamp 80 00 Lake Murray 2GL 34 03 2,420 500,000 2,114,000 1,614,000 50,800 .8 1930 P South Carolina Electric Do. H Saluda River 81 13 and Gas Co. Lake Secession 2JC 34 15 199 a 50,000 a 90,000 a 40,000 a 3,000 1940 P City of Abbeville a Rooky River 82 37 CO Rocky Creek 2GD 34 32 4,360 3,742 9,642 5,900 800 <.05 1909 P Duke Power Co. Catawba River 80 52 H Stevens Creek* 2JH 33 34 7,260 " -- 15,000 4,300 <.05 1914 P South Carolina Electric Savannah River 82 03 and Gas Co. H Table Rock 2GK 35 04 14 18,420 29,233 10,813 500 - 1929 M City of Greenville CO South Saluda River 82 40 Tugalo * 2JB 34 43 464 ~ -- 11,500 a 597 <.05 1923 P Georgia Power Co. Tugaloo River 83 21 Wateree 2GD 34 20 4,750 0 175,069 175,069 13,710 <.05 1919 P Duke Power Co. Wateree River 80 42 See footnotes at end of table. -4 en 76 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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ofreservoie andstream Wrlghtsvllle Detention 4PG 44 19 66.5 197 20,300 20,100 580 .2 1935 P do. Do. N. Branch Winooskl Rivei 72 34 VIRGINIA Carvins Cove 2CA 37 23 18 1,500 19,800 18,300 630 1.4 1945 MR City of Roanoke __ Carvlns Creek 79 57 Claytor 3FC 37 04 2,382 132,000 232,000 100,000 4,540 <.05 1939 P Appalachian Electric WSP, Part 3 £d New River 80 35 Power Co. M Halifax 2CE 36 47 520 a 4,000 a 5,000 e 1,000 400 <.05 1921 P Virginia Electric & Power CO Banister River 78 55 Co. ~*7,800 M John H. Kerr 2CF 36 36 697,900 d 2,808,400 d 2,110,500 95,300 .4 under FP Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 3 «~ Roanoke River 78 18 const . S Lake Burnt Mills 2BA 36 50 25 0 10,400 10,400 700 a .5 1943 M City of Norfolk o Western Branch 76 38 Lake Cahoon (Cohoon) 2BA 36 45 30 150 5,210 5,060 585 a .2 1918 M Portsmouth Water Dept. i Nansemond River 76 38 Lake Drummond 2BA 36 36 a 140 0 22,000 22,000 3,200 - 182 5a N Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 2 (gage ^ Lake Drummond Outlet 2BC 76 27 heights only). - Lake Prince 2BA 36 48 30.1 0 11,300 11,300 946 a .5 1921 M City of Norfolk ____ M Exchange Creek 76 37 M Little Creek ag/ 2BB 36 54 13.6 0 6,380 6,380 1,064 a .6 1881-98 M do. Little Creek 76 11 d Phllpott 2CC 36 47 212 56,300 d 201,500 d 145,200 4,970 .7 under FP Corps of Engineers Smith River 80 02 const. i « Reusens Dam (Judith) 2AD 37 28 3,300 2,350 5,000 2,650 a 500 <.05 1850a P Appalachian Electric James River 79 11 1931 Power Co. Talbott 2CC 36 41 20.2 0 e 8,030 e 8,030 165 .2 1939 P City of Danville Dan River 80 24 CO WASHINGTON Township > Alder 12PK T. 15 N. 287 52,100 231,740 179,640 2,300 .2 1944 MP City of Tacoma WSP, Part 12 H Nlsqually River R. 4 E. 1947 nEj Bonnevllle * 12MG T. 2 N. 240,000 _ _ b k 280,000 21,500 <.05 1938 NPR Corps of Engineers Co Columbia River R. 7 E. Bumping Lake 12PO T. 16 N. 68 _ _ 33,710 1,310 .2 1910 I Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 12 Bumping River R. 12 E. Cedar Lake 12PO T. 22 N, 78 980 40,480 39,500 _ .2 1915 MP City of Seattle __ Cedar River R. 8 E. e 52,500 e 51,520 Chief Joseph 12PC T. 29 N. 75,000 d 415,000 d 518,000 b d 103,000 7,800 <.05 under P Corps of Engineers __ Columbia River R. 25 E. const. See footnotes at end of table. 00 01 86 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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SS 5 « ^ SS 5S « r-i H rr; u rH .* C 33 £S §0 S£ 3 36 5 i! 0 !«> 11 O, r-l P, fn i-t g 3 *> O r-l O ^ »a > fj £n S| ag ^°cSC J5 i°!H O 3U r-lfe s^(0 JS i*aj-H O Q P Q Table 1. Reservoirs In the United States completed or under construction as of January 1, 1954, having a usable capacity of 5,000 acre-feet or more Continued CO Location o Latitude Drainage Dead Total Usable Surface Storage Date Owner storage storage com­ Storage records Name of reservoir Basin longi­ area storage area ratio Use or and stream (square (acre- (acre- (acre- published index tude or (acres) (years) pleted operator no. township miles) feet) feet) feet) (year) range WISCONSIN Continued . i Grandmother 5EB 45 22 2,269 -- a e 5,000 -- 758 - 1S23 P National Container Corp. - Wisconsin River 89 44 O Green Lake 4DC 43 51 115 - ~ a b 5,000 7,325 - 1870a CR Town of Qreen Lake O Puchyan River 88 58 55 Hat field (Lake Arbutus) 5CR 44 25 1,290 b 2,060 e 8,310 b e 6,250 1,200 - 1912 P Mississippi Valley Public .... Black River 90 44 Service Co. resHigh Falls 4CM 45 17 571 -- a b 5,000 1,750 <0.05 1910 P . Wisconsin Public .... w Peshtlgo River 88 12 Service Corp. d Holcomb 5CJ 45 14 4,700 " " aa 31,000 4,250 - 1950 P Northern States Power Co. - '.: - Chlppewa River 91 08 ab 0 *H 1 Hustlsford (Slnnlsslppl Lake) 5FD 43 21 509 " a 8,000 a b 2,000 1,711 - 1845 P Town of Huatisford .... o Rock River 88 36 1939 Indian Ford (Lake Koshkonong) 5PD 42 48 2,594 -- " a b 5,000 9,890 - before P Wisconsin Power & Light Co. .... Rock River 89 05 1905 Jackson Mills SEC 44 31 4,964 ~ a 8,000 -- 1,310 - 1945 P Consolidated Water Power .... Wisconsin River 89 35 1918 Co. Jim Falls 5CJ 45 03 4,891 a e 20,000 b e 1,000 1,000 - 1910 P Northern States Power Co. Chlppewa River 91 16 1922 O Kilbourne SEE 43 38 7,746 -- a 20,000 " 2,150 - 1909 P Wisconsin Power & Light Co. .... Wisconsin River 89 47 8 Lao Vleux Desert SEA 46 07 28 735 13,700 13,000 4,781 - 1870 FP Wisconsin Valley Improve­ .... Wisconsin River 89 09 1 ment Co. Lake Alice (Kings Dam) SEA 45 29 1,297 ~ a 15,000 a b 3,000 1,810 - 1911 P National Container Corp. Wisconsin River 89 41 Lake Geneva 5KP 42 35 36 " " a 15,000 5,500 a .9 1912 CR Lake Geneva Water Power 4 .... White River 88 25 Lake Level Association. Lake Mendota 5PE 43 06 254 -- " a b 20,000 9,730 a .3 1849 CR City of Madison WSP, Part 5 (gage Yahara River 89 22 heights only). '" Lake Menomln SCM 44 53 1,761 -- a 5,000 620 - 1848 P Northern States Power Co. .... Red Cedar River 91 56 1934 Lakes Honono and Waubesa 5FE 43 01 350 -- " a b 5,000 5,517 - - CR Dane County v .... Yahara River 89 18 Lake (Noque Lake) 4CM 45 15 118 a 5,000 2,419 1885 CR Lake Nocque Bay Lake Noquebay Outlet 87 56 Improvement Association. Lake Puckaway 4DC 43 50 .. __ _ a 5,000 5,433 . . N Corps of Engineers Pox River 89 09 rt Lake Tomahawk (Mohawksin) SEA 45 27 2,028 _ 22,500 _ 2,733 _ 1889 P Wisconsin Public Service frj1 4 Wisconsin River 89 44 Corp. co Lake Winnebago 4DG 44 01 6,124 -- -- 582,000 202,240 .2 1848 NP Corps of Engineers WSP, Part 4 (gage M Pox River 88 32 heights only). Hj Lake Wlssota 5CJ 44 56 5,548 0 92,000 b aa 81,400 6,180 <.05 1917 P Northern States Power Co. ^ Chippewa River 91 20 a bO to 1 Long Lake 5CL 45 40 82 0 14,600 aa 14,600 3,950 . 1883 P do. hj Brill River 91 41 ab 8,800 tnF» Long Lake SEA 46 03 35 0 8,820 aa 8,820 2,534 - 1908 PP Wisconsin Valley Improve­ Deerskin River 89 03 ab 7,260 ment Co. h>

Metonga Lake SEA 45 31 16 _ _ a 5,000 3,513 a .4 1926 CR Porest County Protective , Swamp Creek 88 54 Association. ~

Minocqua Lake SEA 45 53 89 _. .. aa 15,000 7,238 _ 1890 PP Wisconsin Valley Improve­ ---- 1 4 Tomahawk River 89 44 ab 3,700 ment Co. H Minong (Lake Nancy Flowage) 5CB 46 07 320 _ .. a 6,000 1,700 _ 1937 P Washburn County _ cj Totagatic River 91 56 ^ji i Moose Lake SCO 46 02 225 0 9,200 aa 9,200 1,606 _ 1893 P Chlppewa-Plambeau W. Fork Chippewa River 91 05 ab 0 Improvement Co. Mosinee SEC 44 47 4,126 a e 5 ,000 -- 674 - 1849 P Mosinee Paper Mills M Wisconsin River 89 42 1911 o Namekagon Lake 5CB 46 13 41 _ a 5,000 a b 1,500 3,137 _ 1886 CR Town of Namekagon en Namekagon River 91 08 1936 H Nelson Lake (Totagatic) 5CB 46 06 55 _. _ a 15,000 2,800 a .4 1937 CR Sawyer County _ £* Totagatic River 91 31 &""3 Nevers * 5CD 45 32 5,850 ._ __ 11,500 2,370 <.05 1889 PR St. Croix Palls enM St. Croix River 92 44 Improvement Co. Okauchee Lake 5FD 43 07 84 _ _ a 5,000 1,057 _ 1842 CR William Kutschenreuter _ Oconomowoc River 88 26 1911 Otter Rapids SEA 45 54 533 __ a 15,000 _ 3,250 . 1907 P Wisconsin Public Service Wisconsin River 89 19 Corp. Petenwell 5ED 44 03 5,879 0 436.00C a aaZ50,000 23,040 a .06 1949 P Wisconsin River Power Co. Wisconsin River 90 01 Pewaukee Lake 5KF 43 05 20 __ ._ a 5,000 2,300 a .7 1870 CR Town of Pewaukee _ Pewaukee River 88 16 See footnotes at end of table. 92 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

Storagerecords published 1 i 1 i 1 1 1 1 i I ! 1 1 ! 1 :

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S «* B O^ ^H S -H > -H rH^H S -H ID h ^' > ^ O -H MS fljGoJrt PS K ^1 KrHKOKCO. 0) CO J5 PS d 'H >!D>^PSi--lft'U Sjrj^MO C C oahC CfcMfcl-i^J^ S'SSiJrHftS'SS i o > tj'n nius-Sn Srn'nxjoM'orHC A ajEo^t) 2 WlO^rH-P C C-irfOCC nJ^HC^HhvH^flJffl -P SrHhS P -P- fcft Ofl) ^HD1 rt? COJ *HW OCQ (QS ^H3 OS T\3£ OE-f -PS "CO "CO 3CO ^HCO O>H ^CO ^ItO -H PS £vH^O]lUj±vHO4J-P O ft ft Cr 3 ro OtpuPSPSKPSKcOWCOcOCOcOcOEH Tlgercat Lake 5CG 46 02 47 a 7,000 2,230 a .2 1938 CR Sawyer County Chief River 91 15 Twin Falls* 4CJ 45 52 1,790 .. __ a 5,000 1,120 <.05 1913a PR Wisconsin Michigan Power Co. Menominee River 88 04 50 W Twin Lakes SEA 46 01 26 .. .. aa 6,930 3,462 1908 FP Wisconsin Valley CO Twin River 89 10 ab 5,800 Improvement Co. W White Rapids* 4CL 45 29 3,325 a 6,000 528 _ 1928 P Wisconsin Michigan Power Co, Menominee River 87 48 50 Willow SEA 45 43 327 _ _ 77,000 5,800 _ 1927 FP Wisconsin Valley Tomahawk River 89 51 Improvement Co. t§ < Wisconsin Rapids ,5ED 44 23 5,391 .. a e 3,000 _. 470 1903 P Consolidated Water Power Co. 50 Wisconsin River 89 50 CO WYOMING Township tj} Alcova 6NF T. 30 N. 10,800 0 190,500 190,500 2,250 .2 1938 I Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 "._-, N. Platte River R. 83 W. Big Goose Park 6GD T. 53 N. -_ __ 7,350 255 _ 1933 I Park Reservoir Co. K E. Fork Goose Creek R. 86 W. H Big Sandy 9AE T. 26 N. 439 4,700 39,700 _35,000 2,600 . 1952 I Bureau of Reclamation .... a Big Sandy Creek R.106 W. !2j Boulder Lake 9AC T. 33 N. 130 _ _ 12,820 1,680 .1 1927 I Boulder Irrigation District _ £j Boulder Creek R.108 W. W Boysen 6HE T. 5 N. 7,710 b 260,000 820,000 b 560,000 22,200 - 1952 CFP Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 M Bighorn River R. 6 E. Buffalo Bill (Shoshone) 6HM T. 52 N. 1,520 neg. 439,851 439,851 6,711 .5 1909 I do. Do. £j Sho shone River R.102 W. Bull Lake 6HC T. 3 N. 222 3,000 155,000 152,000 3,200 .7 1936 I do. DO. > Bull Lake Creek R. 2 W. Cheyenne No. 2 (Granite Springs] 60P T. 14 N. a 25 0 7,370 7,370 190 1903 M City of Cheyenne W Middle Crow Creek R. 70 W. CO Eden No. 1 9AE T. 26 N. _ __ 12,300 1,180 a .2 1922 I Farm Security _ Big Sandy Creek c/ R.105 W. Administration. Fremont Lake 9AD T. 34 N. _ .. _ 20,600 5,390 _ 1934 IP Town of Pinedale _ Pine Creek R.109 W. Guernsey 6NJ T. 27 N. 16,200 0 49,150 b 44,150 2,386 <.05 1927 IP Bureau of Reclamation WSP, Part 6 North Platte River R. 66 W. Hawk Springs 6NN T. 20 N. _ 0 19,440 19,440 1,531 _ 1925 I Horse Creek Conservation Horse Creek c/ R. 61 W. District. CD See footnotes at end of table. W 94 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

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a o " E C O O I* H 96 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

SUMMARY OF RESERVOIRS BY STATES

A summary of reservoirs showing usable storage and surface area qf reservoirs, by States, is given in table 2. The usable storage and surface area of reservoirs situated on streams form­ ing State lines are included in the State given first in the table. For example, Bartlett Ferry Reservoir, in Alabama and Georgia, is included in Alabama. Similarly, the usable storage and sur­ face area of Lake Mead are included in Arizona, which accounts for the large disparity in the figures shown for Arizona and Ne­ vada..

Table 2. --Summary of reservoirs showing usable storage and surface area, by States

Usable storage Surface area (acre-feet) (acres) Alabama ------2,522,900 217,026 Arizona------33,246,800 256,571 Arkansas------9,561,800 201,173 California ------17,700,900 483,049 Colorado ------3,826,700 132,305

Connecticut------413,500 19,457 Delaware------6,800 1,200 Florida------2,752,300 806,463 Georgia ------4,792,300 198,816 Idaho ------9,530,100 482,362

Illinois------203,700 47,401 Indiana------236,000 7,840 Iowa ------458,000 24,800 Kansas------4,008,700 105,282 Kentucky ------8,451,000 331,470

Louisiana------1,307,600 123,143 Maine------5,180,500 669,653 Maryland------472,600 22,1.60 Massachusetts---- 1,791,200 47,886 Michigan ------521,900 73,252

Minnesota ------3,822,500 810,400 Mississippi------3,825,900 184,500 Missouri ------5,744,500 147,550 Montana------23,888,100 548,207 Nebraska------3,842,400 104,784 RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 97

Table 2. --Summary oi reservoirs showing usable storage and surface area, by States--Continued

Usable storage Surface area (acre-feet) (acres) Nevada ------673,300 26,578 New Hampshire--- 1,069,900 91,367 New Jersey ------216,100 11,808 New Mexico------3,530,700 86,265 New York------4,383,600 337,560

North Carolina---- 3,112,600 85,777 North Dakota----- 18,786,100 456,671 Ohio------3,089,200 151,311 Oklahoma------10,248,400 377,661 Oregon ------3,747,000 251,564

Pennsylvania----- 1,739,500 68,043 Rhode Island ----- 117,700 4,574 South Carolina---- 3,759,800 266,435 South Dakota ----- 22,476,600 508,533 Tennessee------10,053,700 375,075

Texas ------18,852,900 704,766 Utah ------2,053,200 148,182 Vermont------351,700 7,516 Virginia------2,440,800 113,200 Washington------11,364,600 245,870

West Virginia ---- 932,800 14,744 Wisconsin ------2,156,500 513,265 Wyoming------4,855,800 152,861 Total ------278,121,200 11,046,376 98 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY

LITERATURE CITED

Daugherty, C. R. , Horton, A. H. , and Davenport, R. W. , 1928 Power capacity and production in the United States: U.S. GeoL Survey Water-Supply Paper 579. Draffin, J. O. , 1939, The story of man's quest for water, Cham­ paign, 111., The Garrard Press, p. 122-127. Follansbee, Robert, 1939, A history of the Water Resources Branch of the United States Geological Survey to June 30, 1919, privately printed. Harbeck, G. E. , Jr. , 1948, Reservoirs in the United States: U. S. Geol. Survey Circular 23. Hazen, Alien, 1914 Storage to be provided in impounding res­ ervoirs for munici{. 1 water supply: Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. Trana , v. 77, p. 1539-1640. Jones, B. E., and Helland, R. O. , 1948, Index to river surveys made by the United States Geological Survey and other agencies: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 995, Originally pub­ lished as a preliminary indexin Water-Supply Paper 558, 1926. Todd, J. A., 1929, Cotton and the cotton industry, v. 6, p. 536, Encyclopedia Brittanica, 14th ed. Turneaure, F. E. , and Russell, H. L. , 1909, Public water- supplies, p. 1-12, New York, John Wiley and Sons; or 4th ed. rev. 1940, p. 1-10. RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES 99

INDEX

Page Page Abstract ...... 1 Maryland ...... 42 Compiled data, explanation Massachusetts ...... 42 of ...... 11 Michigan ...... 47 Date completed ...... 14 Minnesota ...... 49 Dead storage...... 13 Mississippi...... 51 Drainage area ...... 12 Missouri ...... 51 Explanation of compiled Montana ...... 51 data ...... 11 Nebraska...... 55 Introduction ...... 1 Nevada ...... 56 Literature cited...... 98 New Hampshire ...... 57 Location ...... 12 New Jersey ...... 58 Name of reservoir and New Mexico ...... 59 stream...... 11 New York ...... 60 Owner and operator ...... 15 North Carolina ...... 64 Reservoir and stream, North Dakota...... 65 name of \ ...... 11 Ohio ...... 66 Storage ratio ...... 14 Oklahoma ...... 68 Storage records published . 15 Oregon ...... 70 Alabama...... 16 Pennsylvania ...... 73 Arizona ...... 17 Rhode Island ...... r< 5 Arkansas...... 18 South Carolina ...... 75 California ...... 18 South Dakota ...... 76 Colorado ...... 27 Texas ...... 78 Connecticut ...... 33 Utah ...... 82 Delaware ...... 35 - Vermont...... F. 3- Florida ...... 35 Virginia ...... £5 Georgia ...... 35 Washington ...... 85 Hawaii ...... 94 West Virginia ...... 37 Idaho ...... 35 Wisconsin ...... 36 Illinois ...... 38 Wyoming ...... :) ; Indiana...... 39 Summary of reservoirs Iowa ...... 39 by States ...... t'5 Kansas ...... 39 Surface area ...... 14 Kentucky ...... 40 Total storage ...... : £ Louisiana ...... 40 Usable storage...... 12 Maine ...... 41 Use...... 15

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1956 O - 370374