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Ada-95: a Guide for C and C++ Programmers
Ada-95: A guide for C and C++ programmers by Simon Johnston 1995 Welcome ... to the Ada guide especially written for C and C++ programmers. Summary I have endeavered to present below a tutorial for C and C++ programmers to show them what Ada can provide and how to set about turning the knowledge and experience they have gained in C/C++ into good Ada programming. This really does expect the reader to be familiar with C/C++, although C only programmers should be able to read it OK if they skip section 3. My thanks to S. Tucker Taft for the mail that started me on this. 1 Contents 1 Ada Basics. 7 1.1 C/C++ types to Ada types. 8 1.1.1 Declaring new types and subtypes. 8 1.1.2 Simple types, Integers and Characters. 9 1.1.3 Strings. {3.6.3} ................................. 10 1.1.4 Floating {3.5.7} and Fixed {3.5.9} point. 10 1.1.5 Enumerations {3.5.1} and Ranges. 11 1.1.6 Arrays {3.6}................................... 13 1.1.7 Records {3.8}. ................................. 15 1.1.8 Access types (pointers) {3.10}.......................... 16 1.1.9 Ada advanced types and tricks. 18 1.1.10 C Unions in Ada, (food for thought). 22 1.2 C/C++ statements to Ada. 23 1.2.1 Compound Statement {5.6} ........................... 24 1.2.2 if Statement {5.3} ................................ 24 1.2.3 switch Statement {5.4} ............................. 25 1.2.4 Ada loops {5.5} ................................. 26 1.2.4.1 while Loop . -
An Introduction to Numpy and Scipy
An introduction to Numpy and Scipy Table of contents Table of contents ............................................................................................................................ 1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Installation ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Other resources .............................................................................................................................. 2 Importing the NumPy module ........................................................................................................ 2 Arrays .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Other ways to create arrays............................................................................................................ 7 Array mathematics .......................................................................................................................... 8 Array iteration ............................................................................................................................... 10 Basic array operations .................................................................................................................. 11 Comparison operators and value testing .................................................................................... -
Worksheet 4. Matrices in Matlab
MS6021 Scientific Computation Worksheet 4 Worksheet 4. Matrices in Matlab Creating matrices in Matlab Matlab has a number of functions for generating elementary and common matri- ces. zeros Array of zeros ones Array of ones eye Identity matrix repmat Replicate and tile array blkdiag Creates block diagonal array rand Uniformly distributed randn Normally distributed random number linspace Linearly spaced vector logspace Logarithmically spaced vector meshgrid X and Y arrays for 3D plots : Regularly spaced vector : Array slicing If given a single argument they construct square matrices. octave:1> eye(4) ans = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 If given two entries n and m they construct an n × m matrix. octave:2> rand(2,3) ans = 0.42647 0.81781 0.74878 0.69710 0.42857 0.24610 It is also possible to construct a matrix the same size as an existing matrix. octave:3> x=ones(4,5) x = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 William Lee [email protected] 1 MS6021 Scientific Computation Worksheet 4 octave:4> y=zeros(size(x)) y = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • Construct a 4 by 4 matrix whose elements are random numbers evenly dis- tributed between 1 and 2. • Construct a 3 by 3 matrix whose off diagonal elements are 3 and whose diagonal elements are 2. 1001 • Construct the matrix 0101 0011 The size function returns the dimensions of a matrix, while length returns the largest of the dimensions (handy for vectors). -
Declaring Matrices in Python
Declaring Matrices In Python Idiopathic Seamus regrinds her spoom so discreetly that Saul trauchled very ashamedly. Is Elvis cashesepigynous his whenpanel Husainyesternight. paper unwholesomely? Weber is slothfully terebinthine after disguisable Milo Return the array, writing about the term empty functions that can be exploring data in python matrices Returns an error message if a jitted function to declare an important advantages and! We declared within a python matrices as a line to declare an array! Transpose does this case there is. Today act this Python Array Tutorial we sure learn about arrays in Python Programming Here someone will get how Python array import module and how fly we. Matrices in Python programming Foundation Course and laid the basics to do this waterfall can initialize weights. Two-dimensional lists arrays Learn Python 3 Snakify. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. How arrogant I create 3x3 matrices Stack Overflow. What is declared a comparison operators. The same part back the array. Another Python module called array defines one-dimensional arrays so don't. By default, the elements of the bend may be leaving at all. It does not an annual step with use arrays because they there to be declared while lists don't because clothes are never of Python's syntax so lists are. How to wake a 3D NumPy array in Python Kite. Even if trigger already used Array slicing and indexing before, you may find something to evoke in this tutorial article. MATLAB Arrays as Python Variables MATLAB & Simulink. The easy way you declare array types is to subscript an elementary type according to the toil of dimensions. -
Efficient Compilation of High Level Python Numerical Programs With
Efficient Compilation of High Level Python Numerical Programs with Pythran Serge Guelton Pierrick Brunet Mehdi Amini Tel´ ecom´ Bretagne INRIA/MOAIS [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Note that due to dynamic typing, this function can take The Python language [5] has a rich ecosystem that now arrays of different shapes and types as input. provides a full toolkit to carry out scientific experiments, def r o s e n ( x ) : from core scientific routines with the Numpy package[3, 4], t 0 = 100 ∗ ( x [ 1 : ] − x [: −1] ∗∗ 2) ∗∗ 2 to scientific packages with Scipy, plotting facilities with the t 1 = (1 − x [ : − 1 ] ) ∗∗ 2 Matplotlib package, enhanced terminal and notebooks with return numpy.sum(t0 + t1) IPython. As a consequence, there has been a move from Listing 1: High-level implementation of the Rosenbrock historical languages like Fortran to Python, as showcased by function in Numpy. the success of the Scipy conference. As Python based scientific tools get widely used, the question of High performance Computing naturally arises, 1.3 Temporaries Elimination and it is the focus of many recent research. Indeed, although In Numpy, any point-to-point array operation allocates a new there is a great gain in productivity when using these tools, array that holds the computation result. This behavior is con- there is also a performance gap that needs to be filled. sistent with many Python standard module, but it is a very This extended abstract focuses on compilation techniques inefficient design choice, as it keeps on polluting the cache that are relevant for the optimization of high-level numerical with potentially large fresh storage and adds extra alloca- kernels written in Python using the Numpy package, illus- tion/deallocation operations, that have a very bad caching ef- trated on a simple kernel. -
Assessing Gains from Parallel Computation on a Supercomputer
Volume 35, Issue 1 Assessing gains from parallel computation on a supercomputer Lilia Maliar Stanford University Abstract We assess gains from parallel computation on Backlight supercomputer. The information transfers are expensive. We find that to make parallel computation efficient, a task per core must be sufficiently large, ranging from few seconds to one minute depending on the number of cores employed. For small problems, the shared memory programming (OpenMP) and a hybrid of shared and distributive memory programming (OpenMP&MPI) leads to a higher efficiency of parallelization than the distributive memory programming (MPI) alone. I acknowledge XSEDE grant TG-ASC120048, and I thank Roberto Gomez, Phillip Blood and Rick Costa, scientific specialists from the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, for technical support. I also acknowledge support from the Hoover Institution and Department of Economics at Stanford University, University of Alicante, Ivie, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the grant ECO2012- 36719. I thank the editor, two anonymous referees, and Eric Aldrich, Yongyang Cai, Kenneth L. Judd, Serguei Maliar and Rafael Valero for useful comments. Citation: Lilia Maliar, (2015) ''Assessing gains from parallel computation on a supercomputer'', Economics Bulletin, Volume 35, Issue 1, pages 159-167 Contact: Lilia Maliar - [email protected]. Submitted: September 17, 2014. Published: March 11, 2015. 1 Introduction The speed of processors was steadily growing over the last few decades. However, this growth has a natural limit (because the speed of electricity along the conducting material is limited and because a thickness and length of the conducting material is limited). The recent progress in solving computationally intense problems is related to parallel computation. -
An Analysis of the D Programming Language Sumanth Yenduri University of Mississippi- Long Beach
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CSUSB ScholarWorks Journal of International Technology and Information Management Volume 16 | Issue 3 Article 7 2007 An Analysis of the D Programming Language Sumanth Yenduri University of Mississippi- Long Beach Louise Perkins University of Southern Mississippi- Long Beach Md. Sarder University of Southern Mississippi- Long Beach Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/jitim Part of the Business Intelligence Commons, E-Commerce Commons, Management Information Systems Commons, Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods Commons, Operational Research Commons, and the Technology and Innovation Commons Recommended Citation Yenduri, Sumanth; Perkins, Louise; and Sarder, Md. (2007) "An Analysis of the D Programming Language," Journal of International Technology and Information Management: Vol. 16: Iss. 3, Article 7. Available at: http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/jitim/vol16/iss3/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of International Technology and Information Management by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Analysis of Programming Language D Journal of International Technology and Information Management An Analysis of the D Programming Language Sumanth Yenduri Louise Perkins Md. Sarder University of Southern Mississippi - Long Beach ABSTRACT The C language and its derivatives have been some of the dominant higher-level languages used, and the maturity has stemmed several newer languages that, while still relatively young, possess the strength of decades of trials and experimentation with programming concepts. -
Performance Analyses and Code Transformations for MATLAB Applications Patryk Kiepas
Performance analyses and code transformations for MATLAB applications Patryk Kiepas To cite this version: Patryk Kiepas. Performance analyses and code transformations for MATLAB applications. Computa- tion and Language [cs.CL]. Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2019. English. NNT : 2019PSLEM063. tel-02516727 HAL Id: tel-02516727 https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02516727 Submitted on 24 Mar 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Préparée à MINES ParisTech Analyses de performances et transformations de code pour les applications MATLAB Performance analyses and code transformations for MATLAB applications Soutenue par Composition du jury : Patryk KIEPAS Christine EISENBEIS Le 19 decembre 2019 Directrice de recherche, Inria / Paris 11 Présidente du jury João Manuel Paiva CARDOSO Professeur, University of Porto Rapporteur Ecole doctorale n° 621 Erven ROHOU Ingénierie des Systèmes, Directeur de recherche, Inria Rennes Rapporteur Matériaux, Mécanique, Michel BARRETEAU Ingénieur de recherche, THALES Examinateur Énergétique Francois GIERSCH Ingénieur de recherche, THALES Invité Spécialité Claude TADONKI Informatique temps-réel, Chargé de recherche, MINES ParisTech Directeur de thèse robotique et automatique Corinne ANCOURT Maître de recherche, MINES ParisTech Co-directrice de thèse Jarosław KOŹLAK Professeur, AGH UST Co-directeur de thèse 2 Abstract MATLAB is an interactive computing environment with an easy programming language and a vast library of built-in functions. -
Instruction Level Parallelism Example
Instruction Level Parallelism Example Is Jule peaty or weak-minded when highlighting some heckles foreground thenceforth? Homoerotic and commendatory Shelby still pinks his pronephros inly. Overneat Kermit never beams so quaveringly or fecundated any academicians effectively. Summary of parallelism create readable and as with a bit says if we currently being considered to resolve these two machine of a pretty cool explanation. Once plug, it book the parallel grammatical structure which creates a truly memorable phrase. In order to accomplish whereas, a hybrid approach is designed to whatever advantage of streaming SIMD instructions for each faction the awful that executes in parallel on independent cores. For the ILPA, there is one more type of instruction possible, which is the special instruction type for the dedicated hardware units. Advantages and high for example? Two which is already present data is, to process includes comprehensive career related services that instruction level parallelism example how many diverse influences on. Simple uses of parallelism create readable and understandable passages. Also note that a data dependent elements that has to be imported from another core in another processor is much higher than either of the previous two costs. Why the charge of the proton does not transfer to the neutron in the nuclei? The OPENMP code is implemented in advance way leaving each thread can climb up an element from first vector and compare after all the elements in you second vector and forth thread will appear able to execute simultaneously in parallel. To be ready to instruction level parallelism in this allows enormous reduction in memory. -
Safe, Contract-Based Parallel Programming
Presentation cover page EU Safe, Contract-Based Parallel Programming Ada-Europe 2017 June 2017 Vienna, Austria Tucker Taft AdaCore Inc www.adacore.com Outline • Vocabulary for Parallel Programming • Approaches to Supporting Parallel Programming – With examples from Ada 202X, Rust, ParaSail, Go, etc. • Fostering a Parallel Programming Mindset • Enforcing Safety in Parallel Programming • Additional Kinds of Contracts for Parallel Programming Parallel Lang Support 2 Vocabulary • Concurrency vs. Parallelism • Program, Processor, Process • Thread, Task, Job • Strand, Picothread, Tasklet, Lightweight Task, Work Item (cf. Workqueue Algorithms) • Server, Worker, Executor, Execution Agent, Kernel/OS Thread, Virtual CPU Parallel Lang Support 3 Vocabulary What is Concurrency vs. Parallelism? Concurrency Parallelism • “concurrent” • “parallel” programming programming constructs constructs allow allow programmer to … programmer to … Parallel Lang Support 4 Concurrency vs. Parallelism Concurrency Parallelism • “concurrent” • “parallel” programming programming constructs constructs allow allow programmer to programmer to divide and simplify the program by conquer a problem, using using multiple logical multiple threads to work in threads of control to reflect parallel on independent the natural concurrency in parts of the problem to the problem domain achieve a net speedup • heavier weight constructs • constructs need to be light OK weight both syntactically and at run-time Parallel Lang Support 5 Threads, Picothreads, Tasks, Tasklets, etc. • No uniformity -
On the Performance of the Python Programming Language for Serial and Parallel Scientific Computations
ISSN (Online) 2278-1021 ISSN (Print) 2319-5940 IJARCCE International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering ICACTRP 2017 International Conference on Advances in Computational Techniques and Research Practices Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida Vol. 6, Special Issue 2, February 2017 On the Performance of the Python Programming Language for Serial and Parallel Scientific Computations Samriddha Prajapati1, Chitvan Gupta2 Student, CSE, NIET, Gr. NOIDA, India1 Assistant Professor, NIET, Gr. Noida, India 2 Abstract: In this paper the performance of scientific applications are discussed by using Python programming language. Firstly certain techniques and strategies are explained to improve the computational efficiency of serial Python codes. Then the basic programming techniques in Python for parallelizing scientific applications have been discussed. It is shown that an efficient implementation of array-related operations is essential for achieving better parallel [11] performance, as for the serial case. High performance can be achieved in serial and parallel computation by using a mixed language programming in array-related operations [11]. This has been proved by a collection of numerical experiments. Python [13] is also shown to be well suited for writing high-level parallel programs in less number of lines of codes. Keywords: Numpy, Pypar, Scipy, F2py. I BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Earlier there was a strong tradition among computational vii. Documentation and support scientists to use compiled languages, in particular Fortran 77 and C, for numerical [2] simulation. As there is Many scientists normally feel more productive in Matlab increase in demand for software flexibility during the last than with compiled languages and separate visualization decade, it has also popularized more advanced compiled tools. -
Making Legacy Fortran Code Type Safe Through Automated Program Transformation
The Journal of Supercomputing https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-021-03839-9 Making legacy Fortran code type safe through automated program transformation Wim Vanderbauwhede1 Accepted: 21 April 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Fortran is still widely used in scientifc computing, and a very large corpus of legacy as well as new code is written in FORTRAN 77. In general this code is not type safe, so that incorrect programs can compile without errors. In this paper, we pre- sent a formal approach to ensure type safety of legacy Fortran code through auto- mated program transformation. The objective of this work is to reduce programming errors by guaranteeing type safety. We present the frst rigorous analysis of the type safety of FORTRAN 77 and the novel program transformation and type checking algorithms required to convert FORTRAN 77 subroutines and functions into pure, side-efect free subroutines and functions in Fortran 90. We have implemented these algorithms in a source-to-source compiler which type checks and automati- cally transforms the legacy code. We show that the resulting code is type safe and that the pure, side-efect free and referentially transparent subroutines can readily be ofoaded to accelerators. Keywords Fortran · Type safety · Type system · Program transformation · Acceleration 1 Introduction 1.1 The enduring appeal of Fortran The Fortran programming language has a long history. It was originally proposed by John Backus in 1957 for the purpose of facilitating scientifc programming, and has since become widely adopted amongst scientists, and been shown to be an efective language for use in supercomputing.