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Preliminary report on the darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) collected during the SANTO 2006 expedition to Vanuatu and description of a new species from the genus [i]Uloma [/i]Dejean, 1821 Laurent Soldati, Gael Kergoat, Fabien L. Condamine To cite this version: Laurent Soldati, Gael Kergoat, Fabien L. Condamine. Preliminary report on the darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) collected during the SANTO 2006 expedition to Vanuatu and description of a new species from the genus [i]Uloma [/i]Dejean, 1821. Zoosystema, Museum Nationale d’Histoire Naturelle Paris, 2012, 34 (2), pp.305-317. 10.5252/z2012n2a8. hal-01218258 HAL Id: hal-01218258 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01218258 Submitted on 20 Oct 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Preliminary report on the Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) collected during the SANTO 2006 expedition to Vanuatu, with description of a new species of the genus Uloma Dejean, 1821 Laurent SOLDATI Gael J. KERgoat INRA – UMR 1062 CBGP (INRA, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier Supagro), Campus international de Baillarguet, CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex (France) [email protected] [email protected] Fabien L. CONDAMINE Centre de Mathématiques appliquées – UMR 7641 (CNRS, École polytechnique), route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex (France) [email protected] Soldati L., Kergoat G. J. & Condamine F. L. 2012. — Preliminary report on the Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) collected during the SANTO 2006 expedition to Vanuatu, with descrip- tion of a new species of the genus Uloma Dejean, 1821. Zoosystema 34 (2): 305-317. http:// dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2012n2a8 ABSTRACT KEY WORDS An annotated list of Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758) Insecta, collected by one of the authors (LS) during the SANTO 2006 expedition is Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, given. It concerns the period covered by the section “Fallow & Aliens” during Uloma, October 2006. These faunistic data are completed with the description of a Vanuatu, new species: Uloma vanuatensis L. Soldati n. sp. Furthermore, biogeographic Santo, new species, hypotheses on the colonisation of the Vanuatu archipelago are presented to inventory. explain the origin of the tenebrionid fauna. RÉSUMÉ Rapport préliminaire sur les Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) récoltés lors de l’expédition SANTO 2006 au Vanuatu et description d’une nouvelle espèce du genre Uloma Dejean, 1821. MOTS CLÉS Une première liste commentée d’espèces de Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 Insecta, (Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758) récoltés par l’un des auteurs (LS) lors de l’expédition Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, SANTO 2006 est établie. Elle concerne la période couverte par le module terrestre Uloma, « Friche & Alien » pendant le mois d’octobre 2006. Ces données faunistiques Vanuatu, sont complétées par la description d’une nouvelle espèce pour la science : Uloma Santo, espèce nouvelle, vanuatensis L. Soldati n. sp. De plus, des hypothèses biogéographiques sont inventaire. présentées pour expliquer sur l’origine du peuplement de l’archipel du Vanuatu. ZOOSYSTEMA • 2012 • 34 (2) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.zoosystema.com 305 Soldati L. et al. INTRODUCTION The first inventoried area is located in the sur- roundings of Luganville (southeast of Santo), on Although the tenebrionid fauna of the different the lands of the Centre technique de Recherches islands and archipelagos in the southwestern Pacific agronomiques du Vanuatu (CETRAV). In this area, is quite well documented (Gebien 1920; Kaszab since the beginning of the 20th century, agriculture 1939, 1955, 1982a, b, 1986), there is no compre- and breeding turned natural habitats into fields, hensive study on the Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 coconut plantations and pastures. However, there of Vanuatu. The same holds for most of the other are still several small patches of natural forest. beetle families as only a few citations scattered in The second prospected zone is Vatthe Conserva- various scientific publications can provide a glimpse tion Area in Big Bay, where there is a mixture of of the species inhabiting this archipelago. primary and secondary forests. Two species were described from this area: Thesilea The third and last area, which is the least affected mallicolensis Kulzer, 1951, from the island of Mallicolo by human activities, is Butmas, a small village lo- (Malekula) and Corticeus (Cnemophloeus) levis Bremer, cated in the centre of the island, where the natural 1993, from Espiritu Santo. One short biogeographic rainforest is still well preserved. analysis lists some genera present in Vanuatu in the Most of the Tenebrionidae were collected either introduction to the fauna of the Tenebrionidae of during the day, beating the shrubs and dead branch- New Caledonia (Kaszab 1982b: 7), but there is no es, or by lifting the barks and carefully examining information at species level. Finally, another article, dead trees, decaying trunks and fungi (especially focusing mainly on the question of endemism in the Polyporus spp.), or during the night by exploring tenebrionid beetles of Santo, was published in the the forest with a headlamp. book The Natural History of Santo(Soldati 2011). About twenty species of Tenebrionidae were col- DNA SEQUENCING lected within the frame of the section “Fallow & A fragment of mitochondrial DNA of Uloma Aliens” of the SANTO 2006 expedition, organised vanuatensis L. Soldati n. sp. was sequenced. The by the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris ribosomal RNA 12S (12S) was preferentially selected (MNHN), the Institut de Recherche pour le Dével- because it is often used in the phylogenetic studies oppement (IRD) and Pro-Natura International (PNI), of Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758. Dissection under a non-governmental organisation. For a narrative binocular stereo-microscope made it possible to take and background of the expedition, see Bouchet et the internal parts of the specimen. The DNA was al. (2011a), and for a review of the geography and then extracted from internal parts by using a Qiagen natural history of Santo, see Bouchet et al. (2011b). As DNeasy tissue kit. For sequencing the 12S, the all the collected material has not yet been identified, following couple of primers (forward and transfers) a preliminary list is given below with the description were used: SR-J-14233 – AAG AGC Gac GGG of a new species of the genus Uloma Dejean, 1821, CGA TGT GT – and SR-N-14588 – AAA cta which is thought to be endemic to the archipelago. GGA tta Gat acc cta tta T – (Simon et al. 1994). Amplifications were carried out by PCRs (Polymerase Chain Reactions) with the following Material AND METHODS settings: an initial denaturation phase of 2 min at 94°C, followed by 35 cycles each one made up by SAMPLING three stages: a 1 min denaturation step at 94°C, The section “Fallow & Aliens” of the SANTO a 1 min hybridisation step at 52°C, and a 1 min 2006 expedition, focused mainly on assessing the elongation step at 72°C. A final elongation step from balance between native and introduced species in 7 to 10 min at 72°C ended the PCRs. Once amplified, several habitats of the Espiritu Santo Island. For this PCR products were sent to Macrogen (Seoul, South purpose, three different areas showing a decreasing Korea) to be sequenced in both directions (forward human influence were prospected: and reverse). The forward and reverse sequences 306 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2012 • 34 (2) Preliminary report on the Tenebrionidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) collected during SANTO 2006 were assembled to form a single sequence by using growing on a rotten log, 2-10.X.2006, leg. L. Soldati, Geneious Pro 5.1.7 (Drummond et al. 2010). 2 ♂♂ (MNHN), 1 ♂ (coll. LS). DISTRIBUTION. — Described from New Guinea (type ABBREVIATIONS locality: Doré), this species is also present in the Solomon coll. LS collection Soldati, Montpellier; Islands (Schawaller 2008). First record for Vanuatu. HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Bu- dapest; MNHN Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; CBGP Centre de biologie pour la gestion des popu- Tribe HYPOPHLAEINI Billberg, 1820 lations, Montferrier-sur-Lez; Genus Corticeus Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783 SAM South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Corticeus (Cnemophloeus) cephalotes (Gebien, 1913) SYstematics AND fauNISTICS Hypophloeus cephalotes Gebien, 1913: 28-29. All the specimens of Tenebrionidae collected dur- MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Vanuatu. Espiritu Santo Isl., ing the SANTO 2006 expedition have not been Luganville, CETRAV in Saraoutou, ecotone between identified yet. So, an almost complete list is hereby dense rainforest and coffee tree plantation, under bark, provided for the collections made in October by 2-10.X.2006, leg. L. Soldati, 1 ♂ (MNHN). the section “Fallow and Aliens”. DISTRIBUTION. — Oriental region, Papuan subregion, The taxonomic classification adopted here follows northern Australia and Comoro Islands (Bremer 1999). that of Löbl & Smetana (2008). Solomon Islands (Vanikoro). First record for Vanuatu. Subfamily
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  • A Revision of the Eleodes (Subgenus Caverneleodes) with New Species and Notes on Cave Breeding Eleodes (Tenebrionidae: Amphidorini)

    A Revision of the Eleodes (Subgenus Caverneleodes) with New Species and Notes on Cave Breeding Eleodes (Tenebrionidae: Amphidorini)

    A N N A L E S Z O O L O G I C I (Warszawa), 2012, 62(2): 199-216 A REVISION OF THE ELEODES (SUBGENUS CAVERNELEODES) WITH NEW SPECIES AND NOTES ON CAVE BREEDING ELEODES (TENEBRIONIDAE: AMPHIDORINI) ROLF L. AALBU1, AARON D. SMITH2 and CHARLES A. TRIPLEHORN3 1Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr., Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California, 94118 2International Institute for Species Exploration, PO Box 876505, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA 3Department of Entomology, Museum of Biological Diversity, The Ohio State University, 1315 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA e-mail: [email protected] Abstract.— Subgenus Caverneleodes of the genus Eleodes is diagnosed and revised. Six new species from the United States: California (E. microps); Utah and Northern Arizona (E. wynnei), Central Arizona (E. wheeleri), Southern New Mexico (E. guadalupensis), and Mexico (E. thomasi and E. grutus) are described. The biogeography of the subgenus is discussed. Diagnoses and a key are provided to known species of Caverneleodes. Relationships with other Eleodes are discussed. Cave associated Amphidorini are surveyed. ± Key words.— Tenebrionidae, Amphidorini, Eleodes, Caverneleodes, Cave, Mexico, Utah, California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, new species. INTRODUCTION horn & Reddell, 1991). Finally, a sixth species (E. red- delli) was described again from Mexico (Triplehorn, In 1975, one of us (Triplehorn) described three 2007). These new species necessitated a modification species of Eleodes from caves in Texas and Arizona of one of the subgeneric characters above, E. sprousi that were similar in having unique morphological mod- having the plantar groove interrupted by protarsal ifications associated with cave life.
  • The Carcinogenic Effects of Benzoquinones Produced by the Flour Beetle

    The Carcinogenic Effects of Benzoquinones Produced by the Flour Beetle

    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences Vol. 14, No. 1 (2011), 159-164 DOI 10.2478/v10181-011-0025-8 Review The carcinogenic effects of benzoquinones produced by the flour beetle Ł.B. Lis1, T. Bakuła1, M. Baranowski1, A. Czarnewicz2 1 Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland 2 Veterinary Surgery HelpVet, Plonska 113A, 06-400 Ciechanów, Poland Abstract Humans and animals come into contact with various compounds in their natural environment. Most of the encountered substances are neutral, yet some may carry adverse health effects. The ingested food may be a source of harmful substances, including benzoquinones which, as shown by research results cited in this paper, demonstrate toxic, carcinogenic and enterotoxic activity. This group of compounds is inclusive of 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MBQ) and 2-ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (EBQ), defensive secretions of the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum J. du V) and the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst). Benzoquinones have a carcinogenic effect, they are inhibi- tors of growth of various microorganisms, they produce a self-defense mechanism in threat situations and affect population aggregation. As noted by the referenced authors, the properties of ben- zoquinones have not been fully researched to this date. Key words: benzoquinones, flour beetles, quinone carcinogenicity Introduction set wider than the eyes of red flour beetle. Both spe- cies have well-formed flight wings, but only the red Flour beetles, including the confused flour beetle flour beetle flies in warm interiors or in a tropical (Tribolium confusum) and the red flour beetle climate.