DCA-CA Cambodia Contingency Plan 2015
DanChurchAid/Christian Aid Cambodia Contingency Plan for Humanitarian Disasters
Date: August 2015
Next Revision: June 2016 (once per year, before rainy season)
Responsible: Program Coordinator
DCA HQ HOTLINE MANNED 24 HOURS +45 70 20 27 25
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DCA-CA Cambodia Contingency Plan 2015
Contents
1. Introduction ...... 4 1.1 Purpose of this plan ...... 4 1.2 Who is it for? ...... 4 1.3 Basic Principles ...... 4 1.4 Other relevant plans ...... 5 2. Likely Scenarios ...... 5 2.1 Natural disasters ...... 6 2.1.1 Flooding ...... 6 2.1.2 Drought ...... 6 2.1.3 Storms and Monsoon rains ...... 6 2.2 Other potential scenarios ...... 6 2.2.1 Conflict: ...... 6 2.2.2 Others ...... 7 3. What to do when the disaster strikes ...... 8 3.1 Rapid Initial Needs Assessment ...... 11 3.2 Sectoral and multi-sectoral needs assessment ...... 11 4. Communications ...... 11 4.1. Who to call locally ...... 11 4.1.1 Partners ...... 11 4.1.2 Local Authorities ...... 15 4.1.3 . External Agencies ...... 16 4.2 Who to call at DCA HQ ...... 16 4.2.2 Humanitarian Response Unit ...... 16 4.3 Communications Flow ...... 17 5. Funding options ...... 18 5.1 DCA Humanitarian Response Unit ...... 18 5.2 Christian Aid, and other potential funding mechanisms ...... 19 5.2.1 START: ...... 19 5.2.3 DFID Rapid Response Fund (RRF): ...... 19 5.2.4 ACT Appeal ...... 19 5.2.5 List of institutional donors who could be approached: ...... 20 6. Preparedness measures ...... 20
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6.1 Training: ...... 20 6.2 Planning and Coordination: ...... 20 6.3 Pre-positioning stocks: ...... 20 6.4 Collecting Pro-forma Quotations:...... 20 7. Annexes ...... 20 ANNEX A: EMERGENCY CONTACT LIST ...... 21 DCA/CA Regional Office:...... 21 DCA HQ: ...... 21 ACT Alliance HQ: ...... 22 ACT Forum Cambodia: ...... 22 DCA/CA own partners (with Humanitarian Response): ...... 23 Government institution: ...... 24 HRF Focal persons: ...... 24 Cambodian Humanitarian Forum: ...... 25 ANNEX B: Context and Risk Analysis ...... 26 Cambodia Humanitarian Sector and Legislative Support ...... 26 Context and Risk Analysis ...... 27 ANNEX C Location of hazard prone areas in Cambodia ...... 29 ANNEX D. Emergency response package for two weeks per family and for 10,000 families ...... 30 Annex E: List of Key Reference Contingency Plans, Manuals and Guidelines ...... 31 ANNEX F Feedback and Complaints Mechanism ...... 32 Complaint and respond focal persons contact detailed: ...... 32
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1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose of this plan The purpose of this plan is to: ! Ensure that DCA/CA staff and key partners staff members are aware of their roles and responsibilities in the event of a disaster, in order to be able to react quickly and in a coordinated way; ! Identify different tasks that need to be performed by DCA/CA staff at various stages in the disaster response; ! Communicate with external stakeholders (including partners, donors, government authorities and other ACT Alliance members) about DCA’s internal plans; and ! Identify preparedness actions which need to be performed prior to disaster onset.
1.2 Who is it for? ! This plan concerns the actions of DCA/CA staff in Cambodia. ! It will be shared with DCA/CA partners and HQ staff (at DCA and CA) for information. ! It will also be shared with the following external stakeholders: - Implementing Humanitarian Response partners - Government stakeholders, where relevant - Other ACT Forum members in Cambodia - Humanitarian Response Forum, Cambodian Response Forum
1.3 Basic Principles ! If disaster strikes in a province where DCA/CA Cambodia partners implement projects, they will be called upon to respond. DCA/CA will also seek to respond to large scale humanitarian disasters outside of partner target areas, in coordination with the Humanitarian Response Forum. ! The United Nations Officer for Disaster Risk Reduction defines a disaster as: A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.1 ! The above definition is used for this contingency plan, but it is also useful to note the NCDM definition: those events or dangers that respond to one or more of the following criteria: o That case casualty (of lives) and injures 5% of the total population within any vicinity of administration o That affect more than 30% of the total population within any vicinity of administration o That cause damage to properties, houses, structures, and public service distributions systems that cannot be repaired within one week o That hinder power supply service, communications, safe water supply, food that cannot be repaired within 1 week2.
1 http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/terminology#letter-d 2 NCDM, Guidelines for National Contingency Plan for Disaster Reponses
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! This contingency plan mainly focuses on flooding, but slow-onset disasters will also be responded to, and we will rely on HRF for triggers / indicators
1.4 Other relevant plans This plan is based on the IASC Guidelines for Contingency Planning. For the DCA/CA Office in Cambodia, this is the guiding document in the event of a humanitarian disaster.
Additional resources that may be of use include:
! The ACT Alliance Preparedness and Response Plan ! Christian Aid Country Level Emergency Preparedness Plan ! NCDM Contingency Plan (National Contingency Plan) ! Selected provinces, districts Emergency Preparedness and Respond Plan ! Humanitarian Response Forum (HRF) Contingency Plan ! Cambodian Humanitarian Forum (CHF) Contingency Plan
2. Likely Scenarios The most likely disasters in Cambodia are either flooding or drought. There is a general trend of increased frequency and severity of natural disasters, particularly flooding and drought, which is associated with climate change. There have been an increased number of isolated small-scale conflicts, particularly over land use and wages, but it is unlikely that these will lead to widespread, protracted conflict. The table below lists the most recently available data related to human and economic losses from disasters that have occurred between 2000 and 2015.
Disaster events Extent impact of disaster Number of Year Month Type Affected Affected Total dead Children affected people children dead school 2000 August Flood 3,753,090 387 2000 July Flood 3,448,053 2001 August Flood 1,669,182 62 2001 September Drought 300,000 2002 August Flood 1,470,000 29 2002 January Drought 650,000 2005 April Drought 600,000 2006 August Flood 33,000 Dengue 2007 July 40,000 40,000 epidemic 2009 September Ketsana 200,000 43 1,169 2010 October Flood 90,984 2011 October Flood 1,770,000 443,068 247 1,200 2011 Feb/May Border disputes 57,232 29,500 2013 October Flood 1,800,000 450,578 168 88 1,242 2014 August Flood 444,803 n.a 45 n.a 394 Limited info available, but localized pockets of drought conditions, May to 2015 Drought with limited access to water for consumption, and delays in July planting, Source: www.preventionweb.net
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2.1 Natural disasters The two main natural disasters are flooding and drought. It is important to note that natural disasters in Cambodia are climate change related, and that the rural population is vulnerable due to low adaptive capacity. Other factors include virtually non-existent agricultural infrastructure, which means that the majority of famers depend on favorable weather conditions for agricultural production. In addition, external factors such as neighboring country practices and poor communication flow and information management. 2.1.1 Flooding Parts of the country experience seasonal flooding each year, usually between the months of July and October. Localized, season flooding occurs every year in different parts of the country, whilst slow onset, widespread flooding occurs about every 10 years. Two of the worst floods on record occurred in 2011 and 2013. In 2011, 18 of 24 provinces were affected; over 1.7 million people were affected nationally. About 50,000 households were displaced, and 247 deaths were reported according to the National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM). Also significant flood of 2013 which affected 444,803 persons, 45 died and 394 schools could not functioning. 2.1.2 Drought Certain areas in Cambodia regularly face drought that affects agricultural productivity, exacerbating food insecurity. Drought usually occurs during the prolonged ’mini dry season,’ a phenomenon that has occurred with increasing regularity in recent years. It occurs in the middle of the rainy season period, usually from mid-June to mid-July or August, when most farmers plant their crops. This is a particularly critical time for rice farmers as they usually plow fields and plant rice seedlings during these months. During the latter months of the dry season, which lasts from November – April, villagers often face water shortages both for small-scale agricultural use (home gardens) and for household consumption. Updated information on early warning system on drought in the greater Mekong region can be found here: http://webgms.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/DMEWS/Cambodia/
2.1.3 Storms and Monsoon rains Storms with high winds or microbursts occasionally affect parts of the country; they are typically highly localized. The localized storms occur throughout the rainy season but can also occur at other times of the year. They usually occur suddenly and are difficult to predict. Larger storms such as typhoons and tropical storms generally occur between the months of May to October.
2.2 Other potential scenarios
2.2.1 Conflict: Currently, the main source of conflict in Cambodia relates to land expropriation both in the capital city of Phnom Penh and in rural areas. Land-related conflicts are typically small-scale but have resulted in a few deaths in recent years. Land expropriation typically results in dislocation of people from their land, rendering them internally displaced persons (IDPs). There are currently several relocation sites for evictees on the outskirts of Phnom Penh where access to basic services such as running water and sanitation are virtually non-existent. Over the last two years, the number of labor-related protests over wages at garment factories has increased. Again, these are usually small-scale, isolated conflicts that result in relatively minor casualties and damage.
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Two potential sources of conflict are election-related violence and border conflict with Thailand and Vietnam. Both of these are unlikely to result in widespread conflict, though there are concerns that some post-election conflict could occur in August 2013. Historically, Thailand and Cambodia have been in conflict at the border in Preah Vihear province, but this ceased in 2011 and has not reoccurred since. Besides this, in June 2014 Cambodia experienced with mass deportation or self-deported of migrant workers from Thailand. Approximately 270,000 Cambodian cross border back within two weeks which created chaotic situation of which the main concern is the safety and dignity of vulnerable migrants. In 2015, there has been increased political tension between the ruling party and the opposition party regarding imprecision of the Cambodia and Vietnam border demarcation. This could escalate to confrontation between the countries, with potential violence along the border.
2.2.2 Others Other natural and human disasters, including epidemic or disease outbreaks (e.g. Avian Influenza), are unlikely, and response will depend on scope and relevant assessments.
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3. What to do when the disaster strikes What to do Who will do it Comment Prior to the Disaster – Preparedness actions Lessons learned and evaluation Regional Representative Relevant this year? / review workshop based on last disaster response and recovery, including advocacy Training : Sphere standards and Initiated by Program This needs to be assessed and Rapid Needs Assessments, Coordinator, with updated regularly. basic emergency WASH skills, support from HRU
partner and ACT forum capacity assessments, partner contingency planning and capacity building on CASH programming Determine which Needs Humanitarian Response These are HRF tools. Assessment formats and Program Officer focal methodologies will be used person with Partners Prior to the Disaster – Upon Indication of an Imminent Disaster Refreshing contacts with Humanitarian Response These actions will be focused suppliers and getting pro-forma Program Officer focal during June and July, in advance quotations for list of relief person of the typical flood season supplies in Annex. Notification of HRU at DCA and Regional Representative Humanitarian Division (HD) and Head of Region and Programme Support Officers at Christian Aid3 and request funds Determine if external support is needed Initiate procurement process for Humanitarian Response This should be followed through relief supplies Program Officer focal in subsequent steps below person, with Finance and Procurement Officer Securing forecasts of disaster Humanitarian Response scope, areas to be affected, etc. Program Officer focal person
3 As a joint office with Christian Aid, DCA/CA can also call upon Christian Aid for surge capacity and / or support. DCA/CA can also access funding through Christian Aid. CA should be contacted as quickly as possible, where there is indication of a disaster. Contact details are found in Annex A.
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What to do Who will do it Comment Humanitarian Response Program Officer focal Adopt HRF assessment tool person with Partners Notifying ACT to issue ACT Alert Program Coordinator, in consultation with the
ACT forum Coordination meeting with HRF, Regional Representative CHF, and NCDM4 / Programme Coordinator Determine if a DCA/CA Regional Representative response will be undertaken Determine if Rapid Support Regional Representative Team will be requested (external support from DCA or CA) – for assessment) Convene meeting with DCA Regional Representative This should be followed through partners, including to mobilize in subsequent steps below assessment team External Coordination (HRF, Regional Representative This should be followed through ACT) and contact to potential in subsequent steps below consortium partners Notifying Danida, dependent on DCA HRU Other donors (listed below) to be scale considered Notifying DFID (RRF) and CA HD START Network (START Fund), dependent on scale Contact to ECHO, dependent on DCA HQ GFU scale of imminent disaster Update Step 0 of PPM as Humanitarian Response needed for any partners Program Officer focal person Within 12 to 48 hours after Disaster 1 Declare the emergency, Regional Representative HRF convene meeting with partners for information and mobilization
4 The new DM law requires ‘permission’ to be in a disaster area, and entering or exit into a ‘prohibited’ area carries criminal repercussions. At the time of writing, it is unclear what this means in practice. It is expected that HRF will call for a coordination meeting with NCDM, which hopefully should address this potential risk.
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What to do Who will do it Comment 2 Contact HQ HRU + CA HD (and Program Coordinator Best if done prior to meeting, so Head of Region, Programme that pledges of emergency Support Officers) response funds can be brought to the meeting to immediately activate partners’ response 3 Deploy a joint rapid needs RR to authorize; Can also be done with other assessment mission to affected Humanitarian Response agencies outside DCA partners areas; PO focal person will and ACT. A good idea to contact organize together with them if possible. partners and key RO Also to be done in coordination staff with NCDM/PCDM/DCDM if possible. 4 If possible, issue a situation Programme Coordinator ACT Alert if a possible ACT report and/or ACT Alert based Appeal is foreseen
on available information Can also be used for media
briefing; HRU can facilitate use of this info by DCA media dept. Share with CA. Within first 5 days after disaster 5 Update the situation report Programme Coordinator ACT Alert if a possible ACT and/or ACT Appeal or Appeal is foreseen Preliminary Appeal based on Can also be used for media needs assessment briefing; HRU can facilitate use of this info by DCA media dept. 6 Contact donors, other agencies Regional In consultation with Global and develop funding proposals / Representatives and key Funding Unit staff in HQ ACT Appeals5 RO staff Prolog staff in HQ also involved in prep of ECHO applications PFU staff involved in establishing projects and approving budgets Coordination with CA Programme Funding Division Asia in Delhi 7 Complete remaining steps of the Humanitarian Response PPM Program Officer focal
5 Developing clear messaging for humanitarian advocacy in preparation to contacting donors should be considered – CA policy and Advocacy Officer AME can provide input into this process.
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What to do Who will do it Comment person 8 Draft and share Needs Led by Program Assessment report with relevant Coordinator stakeholders 9 Provide technical support to Led by Humanitarian e.g. sectoral inputs. partners conducting response Response Program Officer
3.1 Rapid Initial Needs Assessment It is important to get information from the field as quickly as possible in order to determine if a response is required, and what is necessary to respond. This is best done in teams with a mix of technical competencies, but the bottom line is, don’t wait too long. As soon as it is safe for the team to get to the field, get out there and have a look and discussions with beneficiaries. Additional information about assessment process and tools found in the HRF Standard Operating Procedure. A list of potential information sources are: media, other agencies including government, development partners, INGOs, local partners
3.2 Sectoral and multi-sectoral needs assessment After a rapid initial assessment has been made, a more thorough needs assessment should be conducted to establish baseline data, more thoroughly map needs and identify gaps, identify the most vulnerable and marginalized, establish targeting criteria, and so forth. This second needs assessment is best done in teams composed with different sectoral competencies (for example, WASH, food, etc.), and in coordination with any other agencies that may be implementing in the area, so that common formats and methodologies can be used to allow for relative comparison of needs between different areas. This is likely to be coordinated through HRF. However, if DCA partners are already implementing, work with the tools and personnel that you have. This is also a key area where DCA staffs at HQ (particularly Humanitarian Response Unit) can play a supporting role in planning and advising on the assessment.
4. Communications Updated contact details are included in Annex A.
4.1. Who to call locally
4.1.1 Partners Partners are to be contacted in the first indications of a disaster. They will contact local communities to begin activating communities’ local response actions.
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DCA/CA partner capacity to respond Partner Region/Province Areas/Sectors Previous Type of Support of operations of Expertise Emergency required Experience Church Battambang, Support Ketsana cyclone, • Introduce DM World Banteay Mean package Kampong Thom, law, related Service Chey, Kampong distribution, 2009. regulations and (CWS) Thom, Preas cash transfer Border armed harmonized implementation Vihear, (food and NFI), clash; Preas Vihear guidelines. basic WASH and Odor Mean • Concept of Core Chey, 2011. Humanitarian Floods 2011: Standards Battambang, • Cash Post Banteay Mean Distribution Chey, Kampong monitoring
Thom, Preas Vihear. Flood 2013: Battambang, Banteay Meachey Life With Kampong Speu, Support Border armed • Introduce DM Dignity Kampong package clash; Preas Vihear law, related (LWD) Chhnang; Pursat, distribution and Odor Mean regulations and Battambang (food and NFI), Chey, 2011. harmonized implementation (Also nationwide) basic WASH Floods 2011: guidelines. Battambang, • Concept of Core Kampong Humanitarian Chhnang; Floods in Standards 2013, and recovery • Cash Post Distribution monitoring • WASH Development Phnom Penh, Limited 2013: Flood • Finalize EPRP and Kandal, Kampot, experience in emergency • Introduce DM Partnership Kampong Cham, support responses in law, related in Action Kratie, Ratanakiri, package Ratanakiri. regulations and harmonized (DPA) Mondulkiri, distribution implementation Battambang, (food, NF) guidelines. Banteay • Concept of Core Meanchey, Pailin, Humanitarian and Svay Rieng Standards • Cash Post Distribution monitoring • Accountability mechanisms
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Banteay Srei Battambang, Very limited Developed EPRP • Introduce DM Siem Reap experience in in 2015 law, related support regulations and package harmonized implementation distribution guidelines. (food, NFI) • Concept of Core Humanitarian Standards • Cash Post Distribution monitoring Cambodian Umbrella Written clear Limited • More practical Humanitarian organization with structure and experiences in exercises on Forum (CHF) 120 members function within 8 assessment and assessment. throughout the emergency relief delivery. • More specific country. zoning and EPRP such as Secretariat provincial own or District hosted by Coordination level to guide PADEK. the implementation. None of DCA • Accountability humanitarian mechanisms partners are should be in members of CHF. place. This should be strongly encouraged.
Notes:
• Most of the above partners are primarily experienced in Food and NFI distribution, including cash transfer programming. • As there have been recent developments in Cambodia with respect to DM including the DM law, emerging structures and tools, and coordination mechanisms across various stakeholders, there is therefore a critical needs to upgrade the knowledge and skill of partner staff. • As Cash Transfer Programming is the likely approach in Cambodia, it is important to upgrade partners on this concepts combined with practical implementation tools, including Post Distribution monitoring. • Basic WASH skills are also present for emergency phase intervention among some partners (water distribution, basic public health education, water filter distribution, etc.). • In general, health partners are not experienced in health action.
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Partner Target Areas with humanitarian response capacity (some information is overlapping with the above table).
Province District Partner Year affected Remarks Banteay Mongkul CWS 2011. 2013 Flood response Borey Meanchey* Battambang Thmor Kourl LWD, CWS, 2011, 2013 Flood response, BS EPRP BS Bavel LWD, DPA, 2011, 2013 Previous DipECHO, flood BS response, District EPRP, BS EPRP. Samlot CWS 2011 Previous DipECHO, Sampov LWD 2013 Flood response Loeun Kamreang LWD 2013 Previous DipECHO, flood response, EPRP Phnom Prek LWD 2013 Previous DipECHO, flood response, EPRP Ek Phnom LWD 2013 Flood response Moung LWD 2013 Flood response Sangker LWD 2013 Flood response Battambang BS 2013 Flood response, BS EPRP Town Pursat Kravanh LWD 2011, 2013 Assessment 2011 Siem Reap Kralanh BS 2011, 2013 BS EPRP Pourk BS 2011, 2013 BS EPRP Angkor BS 2011, 22013 BS EPRP Thom Kg. Thom Santuk CWS 2009, 20111, flood response 2013 Baray CWS 2009, 20111, flood response 2013 Prasat CWS 2009, 20111, flood response Sambour 2013 Steung Sen CWS 2009, 20111, flood response 2013 Kampong CWS 2009, 20111, flood response Svay 2013 Stoung CWS 2009, 20111, flood response
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2013 Prasat CWS 2009, 20111, flood response Balang 2013 Sandann CWS, DPA 2009, 20111, flood response 2013 Preah Choam CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Vihear Khsant Chey Sen CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Chhep CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Sangkum CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Thmey Tben CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Meanchey Rovieng CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Kulen CWS 2011, 2013 Flood response Kampong. Chulkiri LWD 2011, 2013 Flood response Chhnang Kampong LWD 2011, 2013 Flood response Leng Samaki LWD Small scale flash floods and Meanchy drought Tuck Phos LWD Small scale flash floods and drought Kampong. Aoral LWD Small scale flash floods and Speu drought; EPRP Phnom LWD Small scale flash floods and Sruch drought; EPRP Thpong LWD Small scale flash floods and drought; EPRP * CWS will phase out from Battambang and Banteay Meanchey from 2016 onwards DPA has also implemented a small flood response in Ratanakiri. However, this is not usually a target province for humanitarian response.
4.1.2 Local Authorities Contact to local authorities (district and province) is usually managed by partners. However, ensure that they do so from the earliest stages. Partners should contact local disaster management and health authorities. Many provinces and districts also have EPRPs in place, including in most of the DipECHO target areas (Banteay Meanchey, Kampong Speu, Pursat and Kampong Thom). This document encompasses Early Warning System; Structures, roles of responsibilities of duty bearers, detailed plans for resource mobilization; indication about physical infrastructures need to be prepared
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before and after disaster for livelihood recovery, logistic supports, preposition of basic goods and services and key contact institutions and persons in charge.
4.1.3. External Agencies At the national level, NGOs usually begin communication with another before making contact with the NCDM and UN agencies. NDCM may also make contact with NGOs, but the trend has been that NGOs taken initiative to contact national authorities. After initial contact is made, NGOs attend regular task force meetings to provide and receive regular updates about the emergency and the response.
4.1.3.1 Humanitarian Response Forum Disaster response in Cambodia will be coordinated through the HRF. In the months prior to the likely disaster period, meetings are held every 2 weeks. This increases in frequency as needed. Key information on the HRF mechanisms are found in the HRF Contingency Plan and contact details are found in Annex A.
4.1.3.2 ACT Alliance The ACT alliance is also a key forum, relevant for funding and coordination. Contact details are found in Annex A.
4.2 Who to call at DCA HQ
4.2.2 Humanitarian Response Unit
Humanitarian Advisor / Head of Humanitarian Response First person to contact/call is Peder Kristian Pedersen (PKP) ([email protected]) (+45 2970 0628) who is Humanitarian Advisor for Asia, including Cambodia. If PKP is not available, Erik Johnson ([email protected]) (+45 2970 0605) Head of Humanitarian Response should be contacted. In case of a major disaster in Cambodia the Humanitarian Advisor and/or Head of Humanitarian Response will convene a Task Force. For smaller or medium disasters, the Advisor will inform HRU through the weekly HRU meeting. Administrator Within the HRU, the administrator plays a key role in ensuring that any funding will move smoothly and quickly to the RO. The HRU advisor is responsible for bringing the administrator in as soon as a disaster is declared. Secondment to Cambodia: Cambodia can request for secondment of a humanitarian advisor/expert. Depending on the skills required and availability, it is possible to get one of our roving experts seconded to Cambodia. See HRU Intranet page for more information.
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4.3 Communications Flow
Humanitarian Division CA HQ
Can convene an Emergency Task Force if needed; provides immediate technical and surge support;
Regional Representative ACT Forum Members Declares the Disaster and Activates the Disaster Response Coordination and Convenes Local Task Force at RO Information
Program Officer in Collaboration with Partners’ HR focal person Contact HFR and CHF Confirm with P/DCDM for External Agencies DCA HQ work permission Coordination and Humanitarian Response Unit ToR for initial Rapid Information, in convenes Task Force if needed Assessment particular HRF Provides immediate financial support Informs other DCA HQ staffs incl. Prolog, GFU, IFU
Local Authorities Supplier Local Communities Declares the Disaster and Provide / Update Activates local activities Activates the Disaster Pro-forma quotations Provides initial Response information Informs DCA HQ (or his/her Helps prepare for needs designate) assessments
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5. Funding options
5.1 DCA Humanitarian Response Unit Global Typical Individual Type of Fund Amount Description Grant Amount (2012) These funds are from donations of private Danish individuals specifically budgeted to help disaster-affected people. They are centrally held by the HRU in DCA HQ but are available upon approved request to any DCA Regional Office or partner. Humanitarian 100,000 – 200,000 These funds do not include time for DCA Un-earmarked 2.3 mio. dkk dkk time registration, administration, or Response funds overheads. Requests are approved by the Head of Humanitarian Response, and are typically discussed in the weekly Humanitarian Response meeting prior to approval. They can be released in less than 24 hours.
A part of the humanitarian frame grant, this 10 million dkk budget is granted by Danida on a yearly basis to DCA. Of the Max. individual 10 million, amounts asset aside for time Danida grant amount not registration, administration, and Emergency 10 mio. dkk more than 1 mio. monitoring by HRU staffs. Response Funds dkk without prior (DERF) A separate guideline called the Danida approval ‘Principles and Procedures for the Use of the DERF’ is approved by Danida as part of the Hum. Frame, and is available on the DCA Intranet.
These budgets are sourced from Varies; can individual private donors, and are Earmarked exceed 10 earmarked, or restricted to, the use of disaster mio. for a Varies specific purposes, either thematic or response funds specific geographical. Will only be activated for disaster major disasters
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In case of a sudden onset disaster and where assistance is required - the Regional Office needs to contact HRU to enquire whether funds (see above) can be made available. To the greatest extent possible, DCA funds should be used to attract or multiply the impact of other funding.
5.2 Christian Aid, and other potential funding mechanisms Other funds may be available through Christian Aid. This includes:
5.2.1 START: The Start Fund is a network of 24 members, including Christian Aid, Oxfam, Save the Children and Action Aid, and funds are available of up to GBP 1 million, for early response to slow-onset crises, and to small / medium crises, which often do not attract funding or international attention. This is a new model of funding, where decisions are made within the network, rather than by the donor. Funds however, have to be spent with 45 days. DCA/CA recently had an initial meeting with representatives of START (though the DIPECHO Consortium – Action Aid, Oxfam, PIN, Save the Children), and an internal agreement to share any response funds amongst the consortium was agreed, given the potential size of funding and need to complete activities within 45 days. http://www.start-network.org/how/start-fund/#.VdBk_Jf3QhR
5.2.3 DFID Rapid Response Fund (RRF): Funding for larger disasters (level 2+) may also be available through Christian Aid under the DFID Rapid Response Fund (RRF). The RRF enables DFID to commit to rapid humanitarian funding for pre-qualified partners. This will be done in the first 72 hours following a rapid onset, spike in a chronic humanitarian emergency, or other disasters as deemed necessary. Once DFID has identified the need for response funding, including discussions with RRF partners, the Secretary of State will decide whether to activate the RR. Within two hours of activation DFID will invite proposals from RRF partners by email. If the emergency is large scale or complex, DFID is likely to invite a group of RRF partners to discuss needs before submitting proposals. RRF partners can, and are encouraged to lobby DFID, including at the Country Office level for an RRF trigger meeting. In most circumstances, proposals with the following elements will be prioritized: - early commencement; - priority geographic location; - delivery through established in-country or regional presence; - complementary nature to wider international response; and - results to be delivered and value for money. https://www.gov.uk/humanitarian-response-funding
5.2.4 ACT Appeal For smaller disasters, national ACT Alliance members in country may also activate the ACT Rapid Response Fund for up to 60,000 USD, provided that an Appeal will not be launched.
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5.2.5 List of institutional donors who could be approached: • ECHO – ECHO is a key donor to approach for recovery funds. However, a very large disaster could attract ECHO funding.
6. Preparedness measures
6.1 Training: Training will be held for key DCA partners within the next 6 months in: • Updated disaster reporting systems and assessment questionnaires • Basic WASH in emergencies • Sphere standards and humanitarian fundamentals, including HRF assessment tools • Cash transfer orientation
6.2 Planning and Coordination: This plan will be reviewed with DCA partners and the ACT Alliance regularly. .
6.3 Pre-positioning stocks: Stocks will not be pre-positioned by DCA or its partners.
6.4 Collecting Pro-forma Quotations: See Annex D for a list of items that are expected to be needed in a first phase emergency response. Pro-forma quotations will be collected by Rotha for these items in order to determine required budget and pre-select suppliers. This will also include transport suppliers.
7. Annexes A. Contact list B. Context and risk analysis C. Location of hazard prone areas in Cambodia D. Emergency response kit description and pricing E. List of Key reference manuals and guidelines F. Feedback and Complaint Respond Mechanisms
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ANNEX A: EMERGENCY CONTACT LIST
DCA/CA Regional Office: Name Position Phone number Email Skype Betty Regional + 955 92 665 [email protected] bethdca Thøgersen Representative 706 Kristen Programme +855 12 909 [email protected] kristenrasmussen Rasmussen Coordinator 978 Hang Finance Coordinator +855 15 90 15 [email protected] sophearyn Sophearyn 90 Aline Milev GFO /Acting +855 78 591 [email protected] aline.milev Programme 713 Coordinator Sila Phung PT3 PO (DRR & HR) +855 12 871 [email protected] phung.sila 240 Nop Polin PT3 PO ( CCA & HR) 855 92 222 811 [email protected] polinnop Yowoth PT3 PO +855 192 261 [email protected] yoc.cambodia Cheoung 273 Kimhong PT 3 PO +855 92 939 [email protected] kimhong_horn 890
DCA HQ: Name Position Phone number Email Skype Peder Kristian Humanitarian Advisor P+ 45 33 15 28 [email protected] Pedersen 00 pkpdca D + 45 33 18 78 28 M + 45 29 70 06 28 Soren Tuxen Global Funding Officer P +4533187705 [email protected] sorentfaber Faber M +4526361263 Inger Kjeldsen GFU Grant Manager P +45 33152800 [email protected] D +45 33187886 ingerkjeldsen M +45 20559440 Ditte Sand HRU Administrator P + 45 33 15 28 [email protected] dittesand 00 D + 45 33 18 77 79 Gitte Marie International Finance P +33 18 77 00 [email protected] gitte.marie.malm Malmgaard Coordinator D + 33 18 77 74 gaard.andersen Andersen Erik Johnson Head of Hum. P +45 33 15 28 [email protected] erikjohnson1 Response 00 D +45 33 18 77 41 M +45 29 70 06 05 Lisa Henry Humanitarian Director [email protected] henrymadsen Per Bjerre Head of Media M + 45 20 19 84 [email protected] 26
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CA HQ and Regional Staff Name Position Phone number Email Skype Nick Guttmann Head of Humanitarian +44 7775 563211 nguttmann@christia Division +44 2075 232181 n-aid.org Madara Head of Humanitarian +44 2075 Check with Ramani Hettiarachi Programmes, Asia 232379* check first – new staff from Middle East with Ramani first Sept 7th. – new staff from Sept 7th. Coree Alvarez- Regional Emergency +44 207 5232143 calvarez@christian- caid-calvarez Steadman Manager- Central and aid.org Southeast Asia Ramani Head of Region, +44 207 5232334 rleathard@christian Leathard Southeast Asia and -aid.org Afghanistan Alwynn Javier Senior Programme +63 9176071007 ajavier@christian- alwynnjavier Officer for Resilience, +63 9276919927 aid.org Southeast Asia
ACT Alliance HQ:
Name Position Phone number Email Skype Anoop ACT Senior Anoop.sukumaran@ Sukumaran Programme Officer- actalliance.org Asia & the Pacific Bartholomew Associate LL: +41 791 6036 Gabrielle.bartholom GabyBartholom Gabrielle Programme Officer, [email protected] ewGhaderi Asia & the Pacific Alwyn Asia and Pacific + 632 4411117 ajavier@christian- alwynnjavier (Christian Aid) +639176071007 aid.org Gorden.Simango@ Southern Africa (+ RST + 41 22 791 6319 Gorden.Simango@act prog-officer-sa-gi actalliance.org focal point) + 41 79 857 5334 alliance.org
ACT Forum Cambodia:
Org Name Position Phone number Email DCA/CA Betty Thøgersen Regional Rep. + 955 92 665 706 [email protected] DCA/CA Aline Milev Program Coord. +855 78 591 713 [email protected]
FCA Anu Riikonen CD +85512201799 [email protected] FCA Khim Phearum Program Officer +85517554336 [email protected] HEKS/EPER Norng Sivouthan CD +855 77881868 sivouthan.norng@heks- eper.org HEKS/EPER Mom Sitha Program Coord. +855 17778029 [email protected]
World Renew Kathleen Louder CD [email protected]
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World Renew Neth Sovann Program +855 17 828 287 [email protected] Manager CWS Isaree Country Rep. 012 841 756 [email protected] Khreusirikul CWS Program 012 912 452 [email protected] Manager ICCO Mao Sophal +85577777949
DCA/CA own partners (with Humanitarian Response):
Org. Location Name and Position Phone e-mail CWS Phnom Penh Isaree Khreusirikul 012 841 756 [email protected] Country Representative CWS Phnom Penh Mao Sophal, Program 012 912 452 [email protected] Manager CWS Battambang Ly Bunkun 012 721 105 [email protected] Program Manager CWS Preah Vihear Pich Phourith 016 953 270 [email protected] PVR Project Manager CWS Kampong Tauch Norneath 012 959 244 [email protected] Thom Project Manager
Prak Vimeany [email protected] Partnership Project 012 783 026 Coord DPA Phnom Penh Mam Sambath +85512 422 523 [email protected] DPA Phnom Penh Kuy Sophal +855 12632362 [email protected] BS Phnom Penh Sok Pagna +855 12 713 580 [email protected] BS Battambang Chim Bun Chenda +855 78682683 [email protected] .kh LWD Phnom Penh Min Sor +85512329926 [email protected] LWD Phnom Penh Thay Bone 092663236 LWD Phnom Penh Kann Virak 012266499 [email protected] LWD K. Chhnang Mey Sarun 012571363 LWD Battambang Oeuk Piseth 012232946 [email protected] (Bavel) LWD Battambang Chann Vanna 089212565 [email protected] (Bavel) LWD Phnom Penh Sin Samay 012311283 [email protected] LWD Kampong Sambath Rachana [email protected] Speu (PS) LWD Kampong San Vinich 012712098 [email protected] Speu (OR) LWD Pousat (KV) Heang Veasna 012773950 [email protected] LWD Kampong Ieng Kimsrien 012521380 [email protected] Speu (TP) LWD Kg Chhnang Mey Sarun 012571363 [email protected]
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Government institution: Position Name Phone number Email NCDM H.E Pon Narith 0 16 540 546 [email protected] (Secretary General) H.E. Neang Director of Em. Response [email protected] Chhen H.E. Ross Sovann [email protected] NCDM National H.E Chup Sithan 012 223 567 Focal point 016 999 236 Virakk Mey [email protected] Cambodian Red H.E Uy Sam Ath 012 966 886 Cross
HRF Focal persons:
Sector Organizati Name Title Telephone Email on
Co-chair ActionAid Caroline Country Director 012 200 341 Caroline.McCausland McCausland @actionaid.org
Co-chair WFP Gianpietro Country Director 095 666 781 Gianpietro.Bordignon Bordignon @wfp.org
FSN Oxfam Soksithon Taing Programme 012 988 568 Soksithon.Taing@oxf Officer amnovib.nl
FSN WFP Ammar Kawash Emergency 012 534 650 ammar.kawash@wfp. Focal Point org
WASH UNICEF Jorge Alvarez- WASH Specialist 017 615 320 jalvarezsala@unicef. Sala org
WASH World Nong Davith Program 012 994 252 [email protected] Vision Manager
Shelter IOM Guénolé Oudry Consultant 070 208 408 [email protected]
Shelter PIN Paul Conrad DRR & ER 012 234 076 paul.conrad@peoplei Programme nneed.cz Manager
Health WHO Khim Sam Ath Technical Officer 012 333 038 [email protected] NCD
Health World Khou Bunsor Technical Officer 012 267 660 [email protected] Vision for Nutrition g
Education Save the Keo Sarath Education 012 96 56 97 sarath.keo@savethec Children Specialist hildren.org
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Education UNICEF Chum Channra Education 012440170 [email protected] Specialist
Protection UNICEF Plong Chhaya Child Protection 012 948 506 [email protected] Specialist
Cambodian Humanitarian Forum:
Position Name Phone number Email PADEK /CHF Kep Kannaro 023 216 224 [email protected] Secretariat
ADPC/CHF Sok Phoeuk 0976 244 333 [email protected] Secretariat
CHF Coordinator Chin Vibol 017 800 696 [email protected] CHF Secretariat Leav Chankesey 017 238 763 [email protected]
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ANNEX B: Context and Risk Analysis
Cambodia Humanitarian Sector and Legislative Support DCA/CA is member of the Humanitarian Response Forum (HRF) with purposively to ensure sound coordination and communication on emergency preparedness, and humanitarian response in Cambodia between the United Nations (UN), international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), and international organizations (IOs). The HRF works in close collaboration with the Government, most notably the National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM), to facilitate a coordinated and effective approach in support of people affected by humanitarian crises.
DCA/CA is also adopting the HRF Contingency Plan structure which is similar to the National Contingency Plan (NCP) one, organized into a common part applicable to all sectors and subsequently into six sectors, namely food security and nutrition (FSN); water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); shelter; health, education and protection. The HRF Contingency Plan will focus on natural disasters, while man-made disasters such as conflict or political unrest will be addressed by organizations’ with a specific mandate. DCA/CA is active member of the Information Management team of the GIS dataset which will be used as effectively means to plan for prepare and respond to disasters.
The Cambodian Humanitarian Forum, composed of 120 members has been formed and functioning in 8 emergency operation zones aiming at improve the humanitarian response to disasters in Cambodia by strengthening leadership capacity of NGOs to better engage in the humanitarian framework by providing knowledge resources, training, and mentoring. The Forum has its own Contingency Plan which consistency to the National Contingency Plan.
The Disaster Management Law has been passed by the Cambodian Government. It enshrines in law the acquired right to protection of life, dignity, property and relief aid during disasters, as well as to access information regarding hazards, vulnerabilities, risks, methodologies and technologies for self-protection, disaster risk reduction, prevention, emergency response, and post-disaster recovery. In addition, it enshrines the right to participate in disaster management activities and promote self-prevention, disaster risk reduction and ensure the sustainable livelihoods with safety and resilience to disaster. Key points of the law are as follows:
1. The law covers natural and human made disasters
2. NCDM is a secretariat for the government to lead, manage and coordinate disaster management work, and will be established by a Royal Decree.
3. NCDM is led by a General Secretary and some Deputy General Secretaries based on requirement and are appointed by a Royal Decree or Sub Decree.
4. The Law requires ministries and institutions of the government having internal mechanisms for disaster management to appoint a Focal Officer to work on coordinating and liaising with the General Secretariat of NCDM.
6. There are to be Committees for Disaster Management at the sub-national levels down to Commune/Sangkat level, not to the village.
7. NCDM has the role of coordinating all disaster management activities with key stakeholders including ministries, institutions, the military, the public sector, the private sector and civil society.
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8. The Committees for Disaster Management of each level must be responsible for all disaster works in their own administrative areas. The can call for intervention from upper level when the scope of a disaster in their area is beyond their capacity and ability.
9. If necessary, NCDM can request to the Royal Government for immediate intervention and call to the ministries, institutions, military, public sector, private sector, civil society for their help in emergency rescue and response.
10. International organizations, missionary representatives, foreign embassies based in Cambodia or having residence overseas can participate in emergency rescue and response.
11. NCDM has the duty of leading and coordinating assessments of damage, losses, and needs for recovery after a disaster with participation from the line ministries, institutions, organizations, and other stakeholders and to prepare plan and recovering proposal for submitting to the Royal Government to review and approve. (NB: they don’t refer to humanitarian assistance here)
12. Donors, international organization, development partners, mission representatives and foreign embassies can support and provide assistance for disaster management activities and humanitarian response in the Royal Kingdom of Cambodia through NCDM. (i.e. The implication is that funds should go through NCDM).
13. There are level of different penalties for the acts against the law.
At time of writing, it is unclear how certain elements of the law will be implemented including with respect to coordination with NCDM or humanitarian response through NCDM, as well as the requirements of permission to prohibited areas.
Context and Risk Analysis
Seasonal and hazard calendar
Seasonal and Hazard Calendar JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Rainy Monsoon season season Flood risk Tropical storm season 1994, 2002 2005 2015 2015 2009 2001 2015 Drought Rice events Maize, Rice (dry (dry Main rice (wet farming) rice season) season) Rice, cassava, Season rice Maize and rain fed rice Dry maize Lean
season For interactive map see http://www.hewsweb.org/countries/default.asp?c=116
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RISK ANALYSIS
5. Critical
Typhoon, storm Flash floods 4. Severe (localised); (extensive) Pandemic (extensive) Slow onset Drought 3. Moderate floods (localised) (extensive)
Epidemics 2. Minor (localised) 1. Negligible Impact 1. Very 3. Moderately 2. Unlikely 4. Likely 5. Very likely Unlikely Likely Likelihood
Impact : Likelihood : 1 = Negligible (0-5% families affected), 1=Very unlikely (estimated 0-20% chance of the 2 = Minor (5-10% families affected), event happening) 3 = Moderate (10-20% families affected), 2 = Unlikely (21-40%), 4 = Severe (20-30% families affected), 3 = Moderately likely (41-60%), 5 = Critical (over 30% families affected) 4 = Likely (61-80%), 5 = Very likely (81-100%)
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ANNEX C Location of hazard prone areas in Cambodia
Updated information about hazard type by province and target provinces of DCA/CA:
No Hazard type by Flash Slow Both Drought Storm Arm DCA/CA and . Province Flood Flood Floods Clash partners Target 1 Banteay Meanchey X X X CWS 2 Battambang X XX LWD, CWS, BS 3 Pursat X X LWD 4 Kampong Chhnang X LWD 5 Kampong Speu XX LWD 6 Kampong Thom X XX X CWS, DPA 7 Siem Reap X X X BS 8 Preas Vihear X X X CWS 9 Odor MeanChey X X CWS
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ANNEX D. Emergency response package for two weeks per family and for 10,000 families (Items and quantity of package could be modified according to HRF Food security and nutrition sector)
Sector Items Quantity Unit Est. cost (US$)
Food Security Rice 25 Kg 12.5
Cooking Oil 1 Liter 1.75
Iodized salt 1 Kg 0.33
Fish Canned 12 Can 5
Sub total 4 19.58
Grand Total – 10,000 persons – average family size of 5 (19.58 x 39,160 2,000)
Sector Items Quantity Unit Est. cost (US$)
WASH Soap/detergent 100 (Gram) piece 0.58
(Water Supply, Water Purifying 2 sachet 0.25 Sanitation and Tablet Hygiene (10 tablets ) promotion) Jerry can 1 20 liter 1.50
Sub total 3 2.33
Grand total – 10,000 persons – average family size of 5 (2.33 x 4,660 2,000)
Sector Items Quantity Unit Est. cost (US$)
Shelter Plastic sheet 3 mX4m Sheet 15
Sleeping mat 2 (1mX2m) piece 6.35
Mosquito net 1 (1.6mX2m) piece 3.20
Sub-total – no cash 24.55
Cash 1 15
Total – NFI + cash transfer 39.55
Grand total – 10,000 persons – average family size of 5 (39.55 x 79,100 2,000)
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Target group:
• Sector Food Security and WASH:
The main target groups for emergency responses are disaster affected population who are classified as ID Poor 1 and 2and poor without ID card.
• Sector Shelter:
Shelter package will be delivered to those are ID Poor 1 and 2 of whom their entire family members (or women and children are evacuated and permanently stay at safety hills) and poor without ID card.
Justification: Usually the poor are selves evacuated to safety hills due to the following reasons: in general the vulnerable and most vulnerable are living in the high risk areas such as close to river bank, sloping areas and their houses/ huts are fragile when water level raise combined with strong wind that usually happened during the flooding season. As such women and children are the first target for evacuation and in some case, adult is staying at home to look after their property. In contrast for the better off families, since they possess the comfort houses, only adult is temporary evacuated to stay in safety hill to look after their cattle.
Cash distribution: The livelihood of the poor depends on day to day selling their labor force; during evacuation period most of them do not have any opportunity to sell their labor. If cash is needed for emergency purposes such as medical treatments, hire boat for transportation, the only option is borrowing money from local private money lenders; usually the interest rate is more than 30% per month. Otherwise during the next cropping season they have to work for money lenders at very low labor cost. Therefore they will be in the debt trap if borrowing money during this period of time.
As such a clear definition of displaced household or evacuated household should be clearly identified and selection process should be thoroughly implemented, this including the effective complaint and response mechanism.
Annex E: List of Key Reference Contingency Plans, Manuals and Guidelines 1. ACT Cambodia Forum EPRP (version August 2014); http://www.actalliance.org/ 2. HRF Contingency Plan (version November 2014); http://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/cambodia 3. NCDM: National Contingency Plan (Version May 2015); http://www.ncdm.gov.kh/ 4. CHF Contingency Plan (Version June 2015); http://chfcambodia.net/content/cambodia- humanitarian-forum 5. Sphere Handbook; http://www.sphereproject.org/handbook/ 6. Oxfam ‘The Pocket Humanitarian Handbook’ ; http://nirapad.org/admin/soft_archive/1308562615_The%20Pocket%20Humanitarian%20Handbo ok.pdf 7. Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan of selected provinces and districts.
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ANNEX F Feedback and Complaints Mechanism
DCA/ACT Alliance:
Local partners:
Village Chief
Complaint and respond focal persons contact detailed: Organization Staff name Position Contact DCA/CA Mr. Chiv You Meng Programme [email protected] (DCA/CA Officer Phnom Penh) [email protected] (DCA Head Quarter) (+ 855 23) 216 261 (+ 855 23) 216 792 Church World Mr. Un Phearum Human Resource [email protected] Service (CWS Officer (+ 855 17) 885 837 Cambodia) Banteay Srei Ms. Chim Bun Provincial [email protected] (BS) Chenda Manager- (+ 855-78) 682 683 Battambang (+ 855-53) 952 432 DPA Mr. Kuy Sophal Partnership [email protected] Page 32 of 33
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Programme (+ 855) 012 632362 Manager responsible for disaster management LWD Mr. Min Sor Executive Director [email protected] (855-12) 329-926 Mr Kann Virak DRR/CCA [email protected] Specialist (855-12) 266 499 Ms. Thay Bone Program Director [email protected] (+855) 92 663 236
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