LCLCRR MEASUREMENMEASUREMENTT PRIMEPRIMERR ISO 9001 Certified 5 Clock Tower Place, 210 East, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754 TELE: (800) 253-1230, FAX: (978) 461-4295, INTL: (978) 461-2100 http:// www.quadtech.com 2 Preface The intent of this reference primer is to explain the basic definitions and measurement of impedance parameters, also known as LCR. This primer provides a general overview of the impedance characteristics of an AC cir- cuit, mathematical equations, connection methods to the device under test and methods used by measuring instruments to precisely characterize impedance. Inductance, capacitance and resistance measuring tech- niques associated with passive component testing are presented as well. LCR Measurement Primer 2nd Edition, August 2002 Comments:
[email protected] 5 Clock Tower Place, 210 East Maynard, Massachusetts 01754 Tel: (978) 461-2100 Fax: (978) 461-4295 Intl: (800) 253-1230 Web: http://www.quadtech.com This material is for informational purposes only and is subject to change without notice. QuadTech assumes no responsibility for any error or for consequential damages that may result from the misinterpretation of any procedures in this publication. 3 Contents Impedance 5 Recommended LCR Meter Features 34 Definitions 5 Test Frequency 34 Impedance Terms 6 Test Voltage 34 Phase Diagrams 7 Accuracy/Speed 34 Series and Parallel 7 Measurement Parameters 34 Connection Methods 10 Ranging 34 Averaging 34 Two-Terminal Measurements 10 Median Mode 34 Four-Terminal Measurements 10 Computer Interface 35 Three-Terminal (Guarded)