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CBD Strategy and Action Plan

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CBD Strategy and Action Plan National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan of DPR Korea PYONGYANG, DPR Korea 2007 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan Contents Preface …………………………………………………………………………...4 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………...7 Chapter 1 Status of biodiversity in DPR Korea ......................................... 12 1.1 Outline ........................................................................................................... ……12 1.1.1 Ecosystem Diversity ................................................................................... 12 1.1.2 Species diversity ......................................................................................... 17 1.1.3 Genetic diversity ........................................................................................ 19 1.2 Features of biodiversity in DPR Korea ................................................................... 22 1.2.1 Ecological and evolutionary features of biodiversity ................................... 22 1.2.2 Diversity of economic species .................................................................... 23 1.2.3 Threatened species ..................................................................................... 25 1.3 Main factors of threats to biodiversity in DPR Korea ............................................. 27 1.3.1 Excessive use of natural resources .............................................................. 27 1.3.2 Deforestation and loss of habitats ............................................................... 27 1.3.3 Environmental deterioration ....................................................................... 28 1.4 The necessity and urgency of biodiversity conservation ......................................... 29 1.4.1 Necessity .................................................................................................... 29 1.4.2 Urgency ...................................................................................................... 30 Chapter 2 Assessment of Conservation of Biodiversity and Its Sustainable Use in DPR Korea ................................................................. 31 2.1 In-situ Conservation ............................................................................................... 31 2.1.1 Protected Areas .......................................................................................... 31 2.1.2 Management of the Protected Areas............................................................ 36 2.1.3 National Legislations .................................................................................. 37 2.1.4 Scientific Research ..................................................................................... 37 2.1.5 Alien Species .............................................................................................. 38 2.2 Ex-situ Conservation .............................................................................................. 40 1 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2.2.1 Ex-situ Conservation of Wildlife with Priority to Threatened Species ......... 40 2.2.2 Conservation of Genetic Resources ............................................................ 41 2.3 Sustainable Use of Biological Resources ................................................................ 42 2.3.1 Forestry ...................................................................................................... 42 2.3.2 Agriculture ................................................................................................. 44 2.3.3 Fishery ....................................................................................................... 47 2.3.4 Public Health (Traditional Korean medicines) ............................................ 49 2.3.5 Rest, recreation and tourism ....................................................................... 51 2.3.6 Bio-engineering by using of genetic resources ............................................ 52 2.4 Identification and monitoring of components of biological diversity ...................... 53 2.4.1 Identification and monitoring ...................................................................... 53 2.4.2 Identification and monitoring of the activities affecting biodiversity ........... 55 2.4.3 Environmental impact assessment (EIA) ..................................................... 56 Chapter 3 Cross-cutting measures for the conservation of biodiversity in DPR Korea ............................................................................... 58 3.1 Legislations ............................................................................................................ 58 3.2 Administrative institutions ..................................................................................... 60 3.3 Science and technology .......................................................................................... 61 3.4 Education and communication ............................................................................... 64 3.4.1 Education ................................................................................................... 64 3.4.2 Dissemination and communication ............................................................. 65 3.5 Training ................................................................................................................. 66 3.6 Model creation ....................................................................................................... 66 3.6.1 Development of Models of Nature Reserves ............................................... 66 3.6.2 Development of Models of the Sustainable Use of Biodiversity .................. 67 3.6.3 Application of Ecosystem Approach to Model Development ...................... 67 3.7 Incentive Measures ................................................................................................ 67 3.8 International Cooperation ....................................................................................... 68 3.8.1 Cooperation with International Organizations ............................................. 68 3.8.2 Bilateral Cooperation .................................................................................. 69 3.8.3 International Joint Research ........................................................................ 69 2 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 3.8.4 Others ......................................................................................................... 69 3.8.5 Promotion of International Cooperation ...................................................... 70 Chapter 4 National Strategy of DPR Korea for Biodiversity Conservation .... 71 4.1 Strategic goals ........................................................................................................ 71 4.2 Specific goals and targets ....................................................................................... 72 Chapter 5 National Biodiversity Action Plan of DPR Korea ......................... 79 5.1 Principles of Biodiversity Action Plan .................................................................... 79 5.2 Action plan ............................................................................................................ 79 5.2.1 Actions for conservation ............................................................................. 79 5.2.2 Actions for sustainable use ......................................................................... 82 5.2.3 Benefit sharing ........................................................................................... 86 5.2.4 Cross-cutting measures ............................................................................... 89 5.3 Priority actions for biodiversity conservation ......................................................... 89 5.3.1 Priority actions for ecosystem conservation ................................................ 92 5.3.2 Priority for the conservation of species diversity ......................................... 94 5.3.3 Priorities for gene diversity conservation .................................................... 98 5.4 Priority projects ..................................................................................................... 98 3 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan Preface There have elapsed as long years as 15 since the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at ‘Rio Summit’ on environment and development, and as a decade since the preparation of the first “National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan” (NBSAP) of DPRK, a party to the CBD, in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of the CBD, which are related to the preparation of national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Biological diversity, biodiversity, is the term referring to the entire biological world on earth, including genes, species, populations, communities and ecosystems, and all the components, of which it is composed, constitute the life-sustaining system on earth and lay a foundation for the sustainable development of the economy. It has been formed through as long history as 4 billion years since the birth of living things on earth. The increase in population, rapid development of economy and extensive consumption of natural resources have seriously damaged the biodiversity which forms the foundation of the survival of mankind and the economic development. It was the urgency of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and its components for the present and
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