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Archaeology Wales Cefn Llogell Farm, Coedkernew, Newport Desk Based Assessment By Rowena Hart BSc MA MCIfA Report No. 1381 Archaeology Wales Limited, Rhos Helyg, Cwm Belan, Llanidloes, Powys SY18 6QF Tel: +44 (0) 1686 440371 E-mail: [email protected] Archaeology Wales Cefn Llogell Farm, Coedkernew, Newport Desk-Based Assessment Prepared For: Asbri Planning Ltd Edited by: Mark Houliston Authorised by: Mark Houliston Signed: Signed: Position: Managing Director Position: Managing Director Date: 19/8/15 Date: 28/8/15 By Rowena Hart BSc MA MCIFA Report No. 1381 August 2015 Archaeology Wales Limited, Rhos Helyg, Cwm Belan, Llanidloes, Powys SY18 6QF Tel: +44 (0) 1686 440371 E-mail: [email protected] Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Site Description ............................................................................................................................. 5 3. Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 5 4. Assessment of HER Data ............................................................................................................ 6 4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Previous archaeological studies ..................................................................................... 6 4.3 Scheduled Ancient Monuments (Figure 1; Appendix I) ......................................... 7 4.4 Listed Buildings (Figure 2; Appendix I) ......................................................................... 8 4.5 Registered Parks and Gardens ........................................................................................ 8 4.6 Non‐designated sites (Figure 3 and 4; Appendix I) .................................................. 8 4.7 Portable Antiquities Scheme (Figure 5) .................................................................... 10 5. Map Regression ......................................................................................................................... 10 6. Aerial Photographs ................................................................................................................... 11 7. Walkover survey ........................................................................................................................ 13 8. New sites ...................................................................................................................................... 14 9. Impact of Development .......................................................................................................... 16 9.1 Impact on known sites ................................................................................................... 16 9.2 Impact on potential sites ............................................................................................... 16 9.3 Effect on Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................... 16 10. Mitigation ................................................................................................................................ 17 11. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................. 18 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................... 19 Appendix I: HER Core Record Data .......................................................................... 33 Figures Figure 1. Location of Scheduled Ancient Monuments (yellow dots). Development area outlined in red and study area delimited by black circle. ................................... 21 Figure 2 Location of Listed Buildings (purple dots). Development area outlined in red and study area delimited by black circle. .................................................................... 22 Figure 3. Location of PRN sites (blue dots). Development area outlined in red and study area delimited by black circle. ........................................................................... 23 Figure 4. Showing the location of the Roman roads (green lines). Development area outlined in red and study area delimited by black circle. ............................................ 24 Figure 5. Showing location of PAS find spots (black dots). Development area outlined in red and study area delimited by black circle. .......................................................... 25 Figure 6. First edition OS map (1883). Development area bounded by red outline. .. 26 Figure 7. Showing all Scheduled Ancient Monuments (blue dot or polygon) within a 5km additional assessment area. Centre of development area shown by red dot. ... 27 ARCHAEOLOGY WALES LTD, RHOS HELYG, CWM BELAN, LLANIDLOES, POWYS SY18 6QF Plates Plate 1. Western field. View from north‐east corner to the north. ............................ 28 Plate 2. Western field. View from mid‐way along northern boundary to the east‐ south‐east. ................................................................................................................... 28 Plate 3. Western field. View to north from near the north west corner through break in the field boundary. ................................................................................................... 29 Plate 4. Western field. View from the north west corner to the west. No line of site29 Plate 5. Western field. View from north west corner towards the south east. .......... 30 Plate 6. Middle field. View from the lower (eastern) part of the field towards the west. ............................................................................................................................. 30 Plate 7. Eastern field. View to south from half way along northern field boundary. 31 Plate 8. Eastern field. View along northern field boundary to the west. .................... 31 Plate 9. Eastern field. View to the south west from north east corner. ...................... 32 Copyright Notice: Archaeology Wales Ltd. retain copyright of this report under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988, and have granted a licence to Asbri Planning Ltd to use and reproduce the material contained within. The Ordnance Survey has granted Archaeology Wales Ltd a Copyright Licence (100055111) to reproduce map information; Copyright remains otherwise with the Ordnance Survey 2 ARCHAEOLOGY WALES LTD, RHOS HELYG, CWM BELAN, LLANIDLOES, POWYS SY18 6QF Summary Archaeology Wales were commissioned by Asbri Planning Ltd to undertake a Desk‐ Based Assessment and site walkover to assess the impact of a proposed solar farm on land at Cefn Llogell Farm, Coedkernew, Newport (NGR ST 25278 88325). This assessment reviewed information held by the regional Historic Environment Record (HER), the National Monuments Record (NMR) and the Portable Antiquities Scheme, as well as cartographic, photographic and other documentary sources. A site visit was made in August 2015. No designated historic landscape areas, Listed Buildings or Scheduled Ancient Monuments lie within the proposed development area. A single Portable Antiquity Scheme find spot is located within the development area. No new sites were discovered during this desk based assessment. A total of five Scheduled Ancient Monuments, two Listed Buildings and sections of two Roman roads lie within the study area. The proposed development is considered to have a negligible impact on the Scheduled Ancient Monuments and listed buildings within the study area. It is considered that the proposed development will not adversely affect the heritage significance of the designated assets. The regional Historic Environment Record lists 52 non‐designated archaeological sites within the study area. They are all located outside of the development area. The majority of the archaeological sites, both designated and undesignated, are located a minimum of 1km away from the development area boundaries. The majority of the structural sites are located in the neighbouring village of Castleton and the city of Newport. There is a minor indirect visual impact on the nearest Scheduled Ancient Monument (The Mount: Pen‐y‐lan MM133). The development area occupies a location that forms part of a landscape occupied consistently from the prehistoric period, to modern times. This is attested by the prehistoric features such as Neolithic long barrows, Iron Age Hill forts, Roman villas and roads and a well‐documented medieval and post medieval park located within the study area. Suitable mitigation to safeguard potential archaeological resource within the development area would be the provision of an archaeological watching brief during all intrusive groundworks. 3 ARCHAEOLOGY WALES LTD, RHOS HELYG, CWM BELAN, LLANIDLOES, POWYS SY18 6QF 1. Introduction 1.1 Archaeology Wales were commissioned by Asbri Planning Ltd to undertake a desk‐based assessment to inform on the impact on the archaeological resource by the proposed solar farm within the designated study area. The assessment forms the basis of the current report and was written in accordance with the Specification (Hart 2015) agreed to by the archaeological advisors