City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2014 Historical Relationships between Land Elevation and Socioeconomic Status in New York City: A Mixed Methods GIS Approach Jennifer Brisbane Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/18 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact:
[email protected] Historical Relationships between Land Elevation and Socioeconomic Status in New York City: A Mixed Methods GIS Approach by Jennifer Brisbane A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Earth and Environmental Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 © 2014 Jennifer Brisbane All Rights Reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Earth and Environmental Sciences in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. __________________ ________________________________________ Date Dr. Juliana Maantay, Lehman College Chair of the Examining Committee __________________ ________________________________________ Date Dr. Cindi Katz, The Graduate Center Executive Officer Dr. Allan Frei, Hunter College Dr. Andrew Maroko, Lehman College Dr. Ines Miyares, Hunter College ________________________________ Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Historical Relationships between Land Elevation and Socioeconomic Status in New York City: A Mixed Methods GIS Approach by Jennifer Brisbane Adviser: Professor Juliana Maantay The role that topography has played in the development of New York City is essential to understanding its present urban form and foreseeing its changes.